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A new antituberculous amino (alpha-hydroxy-gamma-oxo-l-norvaline). THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1998; 81:924. [PMID: 14404270 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.81.6.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mode of action of ethambutol on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain H37R V. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1998; 87:905-6. [PMID: 13927289 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1963.87.6.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Primary drug resistance in tuberculosis. A review. II. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1998; 87:29-36 concl. [PMID: 13954876 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1963.87.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chemotherapy and pathology of experimental photochromogenic mycobacterial infections. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1998; 80:522-34. [PMID: 13845750 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1959.80.4p1.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Forbes, M. (Lederle Laboratories Division, Pearl River, N.Y.), N. A. Kuck, and E. A. Peets. Mode of action of ethambutol. J. Bacteriol. 84:1099-1103. 1962.-Ethambutol [2,2'-(ethylenediimino) di-1-butanol] arrested multiplication of Mycobacterium smegmatis cells and eventually effected their death. The inhibitory effect of the drug on multiplication did not become apparent until several hours after its addition to the culture. The drug had no effect on the survival of nonproliferating cells. It had little or no effect on the metabolism of nonproliferating cells, but cells from cultures whose growth had been inhibited by ethambutol showed evidence of impaired metabolism. C(14)-labeled ethambutol was taken up rapidly by both proliferating and nonproliferating cells. The observations are consistent with the hypothesis that ethambutol exerts its antibacterial effect by interfering with the synthesis of a metabolite(s) needed for multiplication. Depletion of the metabolite(s) results in arrest of multiplication, impairment of metabolism, and loss of viability. Resistance to ethambutol cannot be explained by the failure of the cells to take up the drug, since the drug was equally bound by resistant and sensitive cells.
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EFFECT OF ETHAMBUTOL ON NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM IN MYCOBACTERIUM SMEGMATIS AND ITS REVERSAL BY POLYAMINES AND DIVALENT CATIONS. J Bacteriol 1996; 89:1299-305. [PMID: 14293001 PMCID: PMC277643 DOI: 10.1128/jb.89.5.1299-1305.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Forbes, M. (Lederle Laboratories Division, Pearl River, N.Y.), N. A. Kuck, and E. A. Peets. Effect of ethambutol on nucleic acid metabolism in Mycobacterium smegmatis and its reversal by polyamines and divalent cations. J. Bacteriol. 89:1299-1305. 1965.-Mycobacterium smegmatis, harvested from cultures inhibited by ethambutol and then suspended in drug-free medium, exhibited a prolonged lag before growth resumed. Polyamines and magnesium ions shortened this lag. Polyamines and magnesium added to the culture increased the minimal inhibitory concentration of the drug and reversed the inhibitory effect of the drug, even when added after the drug had already inhibited growth. When ethambutol was added to a culture in its exponential phase of growth, synthesis of protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as measured by incorporation of S(35) and P(32), continued for 3 hr at a rate slightly less than in the control cells and then essentially ceased. Synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) was depressed, but it proceeded even after protein synthesis had ceased. Even though the synthesis of RNA continued, the net RNA decreased, and inhibited cells became deficient in RNA. Polyamines and divalent cations, which reverse the inhibitory effect of the drug, have been reported to be involved in nucleic acid turnover. These considerations suggested that ethambutol may exert its inhibitory effect by interfering with a function of cellular polyamines and divalent cations in RNA metabolism.
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REALISTIC CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC POLICIES FOR TUBERCULOSIS IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1996; 1:135-42. [PMID: 14072631 PMCID: PMC1812585 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5376.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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IN VITRO TESTS WITH 4,4'-DIISOAMYLOXYTHIOCARBANILIDE. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 90:258-60. [PMID: 14197720 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1964.90.2.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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RELAPSE IN TREATED CASES OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. I. THREE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF 312 PATIENTS DISCHARGED FROM THE HOSPITAL WITH MEDICAL APPROVAL, 1947-1954. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 90:120-2. [PMID: 14178617 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1964.90.1.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Gale, Glen R. (Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham, N.C.) and Helen H. McLain. Effect of ethambutol on cytology of Mycobacterium smegmatis. J. Bacteriol. 86:749-756. 1963.-Electron microscopy showed the effects of the antimycobacterial drug, ethambutol [d-2,2'-(ethylenediimino)-di-1-butanol], on the cytology of Mycobacterium smegmatis. After 10 hr of exposure to the drug, cells no longer contained material which, in control cells, was closely associated with cellular division, possibly genetic substance. No marked changes were observed in other cellular structures. It was concluded that the drug may block one or more steps in the synthesis of pentose nucleic acid or deoxypentose nucleic acid, ultimately causing cessation of cellular division and loss of viability. These cytological findings were compatible with results of other investigators on the mode of action of this drug.
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CAPREOMYCIN SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STRAINS RESISTANT TO STREPTOMYCIN AND/OR VIOMYCIN. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 90:640-1. [PMID: 14221679 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1964.90.4.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIA IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 91:887-95. [PMID: 14294712 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.91.6.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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U. S. VETERANS ADMINISTRATION-ARMED FORCES COOPERATIVE STUDY ON THE CHEMOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS.13. TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS IN ADULTS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SURVIVAL, NEUROLOGIC RESIDUALS, AND WORK STATUS. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 91:823-31. [PMID: 14294703 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.91.6.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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COEXISTENCE OF CARCINOMA AND TUBERCULOSIS OF THE LUNG. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 90:67-76. [PMID: 14178628 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1964.90.1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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PHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES OF THE SEQUELAE OF TUBERCULOUS PLEURAL EFFUSION IN CHILDREN TREATED WITH ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND PREDNISONE. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 88:181-8. [PMID: 14045222 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1963.88.2.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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CHANGES IN THE PHOSPHATE CONTENT OF MYCOBACTERIA PRODUCED BY ISONIAZID AND ETHAMBUTOL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 43:305-14. [PMID: 14327527 DOI: 10.1038/icb.1965.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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CORTICOSTEROIDS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. I. OVER-ALL RESULTS IN MADISON-MINNEAPOLIS VETERANS ADMINISTRATION HOSPITALS STEROID STUDY. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1996; 92:376-91. [PMID: 14346364 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.92.3.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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THE PRESENT STATUS OF GENITOURINARY TUBERCULOSIS. A STATEMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON THERAPY. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1965; 92:505-7. [PMID: 14346378 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.92.3.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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CHEMOTHERAPY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN ADULTS: THE CHOICE OF DRUGS IN RELATION TO DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY. A STATEMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON THERAPY. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1965; 92:508-12. [PMID: 14346379 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.92.3.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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SKELETAL TUBERCULOSIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN. BOLETIN DE LA ASOCIACION MEDICA DE PUERTO RICO 1965; 57:392-408. [PMID: 14341287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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THE TREATMENT OF BONE AND JOINT TUBERCULOSIS. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1965; 37:19-39. [PMID: 14326430 PMCID: PMC2311838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. CURRENT CONCEPTS. THE JOURNAL-LANCET 1965; 85:289-93. [PMID: 14341765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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WORLD TUBERCULOSIS--A TASK OF SISYPHUS? ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 1965; 11:98-102. [PMID: 14312395 DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1965.10664176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[MORFAZINAMIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS]. GAC MED MEX 1965; 95:661-5. [PMID: 14345388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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[RESEARCH ON URINARY EXCRETION OF 5-HYDROXY-INDOLACETIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. ITS RELATION TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIBACILLARY DRUGS]. PRENSA MEDICA ARGENTINA 1965; 52:1251-3. [PMID: 14333826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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ISOLATION FROM HUMAN URINE OF A POLYPEPTIDE HAVING MARKED TUBERCULOSTATIC ACTIVITY. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1965; 91:832-8. [PMID: 14294704 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.91.6.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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DRUGS FOR TUBERCULOSIS. MARYLAND STATE MEDICAL JOURNAL 1965; 14:73. [PMID: 14324481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS FOLLOWING RESECTION: REACTIVATION IN PATIENTS WITH EXTENSIVE CAVITATION. Am Surg 1965; 31:373-6. [PMID: 14287853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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TREATMENT OF OPEN NEGATIVE TUBERCULOSIS WITH RESECTION; REVIEW OF 13 CASES. Am Surg 1965; 31:370-2. [PMID: 14287852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[THE TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL TUBERCULOUS ADENITIS]. LA PRESSE MEDICALE 1965; 73:1457-60. [PMID: 14294037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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CHEMOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS: A BACTERIOLOGIST'S VIEWPOINT. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1965; 1:1333-40. [PMID: 14278838 PMCID: PMC2165752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[UROGENITAL TUBERCULOSIS; DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT]. DEUTSCHES MEDIZINISCHES JOURNAL 1965; 16:327-30. [PMID: 14306631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[THERAPEUTIC PROBLEMS CONCERNING CO-OPERATIVE AND NON CO-OPERATIVE PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE]. Orv Hetil 1965; 106:929-31. [PMID: 14298564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[INCREASING RESISTANCE TO ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS IN INDONESIA]. MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK 1965; 60:795. [PMID: 14307631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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[TUBERCULOSIS OF THE PAROTID GLAND]. Zentralbl Chir 1965; 90:689-96. [PMID: 14304617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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THE USE OF ETHIONAMIDE IN COMBINED DRUG REGIMENS IN THE RE-TREATMENT OF ISONIAZID-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1965; 91:728-37. [PMID: 14280946 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.91.5.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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CHRONIC PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PERSONS IN THE UPPER AGE BRACKETS. Geriatrics (Basel) 1965; 71:402-12. [PMID: 14279704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF LEUKOCYTES FROM NORMAL AND FROM TUBERCULOUS SUBJECTS. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1965; 91:713-8. [PMID: 14280944 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1965.91.5.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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