1
|
Liu W, Chen W, Xia J, Lu Z, Fu Y, Li Y, Tan Z. Lymph node metastasis prediction and biological pathway associations underlying DCE-MRI deep learning radiomics in invasive breast cancer. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:91. [PMID: 38627678 PMCID: PMC11020672 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the biological pathways related to deep learning radiomics (DLR) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) of breast cancer is still poorly understood. This study explored the value of DLR based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in LNM of invasive breast cancer. It also analyzed the biological significance of DLR phenotype based on genomics. METHODS Two cohorts from the Cancer Imaging Archive project were used, one as the training cohort (TCGA-Breast, n = 88) and one as the validation cohort (Breast-MRI-NACT Pilot, n = 57). Radiomics and deep learning features were extracted from preoperative DCE-MRI. After dual selection by principal components analysis (PCA) and relief methods, radiomics and deep learning models for predicting LNM were constructed by the random forest (RF) method. A post-fusion strategy was used to construct the DLR nomograms (DLRNs) for predicting LNM. The performance of the models was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Delong test. In the training cohort, transcriptome data were downloaded from the UCSC Xena online database, and biological pathways related to the DLR phenotypes were identified. Finally, hub genes were identified to obtain DLR gene expression (RadDeepGene) scores. RESULTS DLRNs were based on area under curve (AUC) evaluation (training cohort, AUC = 0.98; validation cohort, AUC = 0.87), which were higher than single radiomics models or GoogLeNet models. The Delong test (radiomics model, P = 0.04; GoogLeNet model, P = 0.01) also validated the above results in the training cohorts, but they were not statistically significant in the validation cohort. The GoogLeNet phenotypes were related to multiple classical tumor signaling pathways, characterizing the biological significance of immune response, signal transduction, and cell death. In all, 20 genes related to GoogLeNet phenotypes were identified, and the RadDeepGene score represented a high risk of LNM (odd ratio = 164.00, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS DLRNs combining radiomics and deep learning features of DCE-MRI images improved the preoperative prediction of LNM in breast cancer, and the potential biological characteristics of DLRN were identified through genomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenci Liu
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wubiao Chen
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xia
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhendong Lu
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Youwen Fu
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuange Li
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Tan
- Radiology Imaging Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hartmeier PR, Ostrowski SM, Busch EE, Empey KM, Meng WS. Lymphatic distribution considerations for subunit vaccine design and development. Vaccine 2024; 42:2519-2529. [PMID: 38494411 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines are an important platform for controlling current and emerging infectious diseases. The lymph nodes are the primary site generating the humoral response and delivery of antigens to these sites is critical to effective immunization. Indeed, the duration of antigen exposure within the lymph node is correlated with the antibody response. While current licensed vaccines are typically given through the intramuscular route, injecting vaccines subcutaneously allows for direct access to lymphatic vessels and therefore can enhance the transfer of antigen to the lymph nodes. However, protein subunit antigen uptake into the lymph nodes is inefficient, and subunit vaccines require adjuvants to stimulate the initial immune response. Therefore, formulation strategies have been developed to enhance the exposure of subunit proteins and adjuvants to the lymph nodes by increasing lymphatic uptake or prolonging the retention at the injection site. Given that lymph node exposure is a crucial consideration in vaccine design, in depth analyses of the pharmacokinetics of antigens and adjuvants should be the focus of future preclinical and clinical studies. This review will provide an overview of formulation strategies for targeting the lymphatics and prolonging antigen exposure and will discuss pharmacokinetic evaluations which can be applied toward vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Hartmeier
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Sarah M Ostrowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Emelia E Busch
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Kerry M Empey
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wilson S Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song MS, Nam JH, Noh KE, Lim DS. Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy: The Importance of Dendritic Cell Migration. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:7827246. [PMID: 38628676 PMCID: PMC11019573 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7827246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance, initiating immune responses against pathogens, and patrolling body compartments. Despite promising aspects, DC-based immunotherapy faces challenges that include limited availability, immune escape in tumors, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, and the need for effective combination therapies. A further limitation in DC-based immunotherapy is the low population of migratory DC (around 5%-10%) that migrate to lymph nodes (LNs) through afferent lymphatics depending on the LN draining site. By increasing the population of migratory DCs, DC-based immunotherapy could enhance immunotherapeutic effects on target diseases. This paper reviews the importance of DC migration and current research progress in the context of DC-based immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seon Song
- Department of Bioconvergence, Graduate School and Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Nam
- Department of Bioconvergence, Graduate School and Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Noh
- Department of Bioconvergence, Graduate School and Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Bioconvergence, Graduate School and Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kauke-Navarro M, Sadigh S, Lee CAA, Panayi AC, Knoedler L, Knoedler S, Stoegner V, Huelsboemer L, Jamil A, Ko C, Lian CG, Murphy GF, Pomahac B. Lymphadenopathy and lymph node rejection following facial vascularized composite allotransplantation. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 91:268-275. [PMID: 38430863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apart from the skin, little is known about the immunological processes in deeper tissues, which are typically not accessible to biopsy and inspection, of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs). Face transplant patients develop prominent adenopathy shortly after transplantation that resolves over time. The mechanisms underlying this process are not understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 9 patients who underwent 10 facial VCAs at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, between April 2009 and July 2019. Clinical, radiological, and histological data related to lymphadenopathy of the head and neck were reviewed. RESULTS Patients who received donor-derived lymph nodes (LNs) developed bilateral lymphadenopathy of the submental or submandibular superficial LNs. Median time of presentation was POD18 (range POD6-POM3). Notably, bilateral adenopathy of the neck was not observed in later stages of follow-up (mean follow-up, 115 months). Histology of 3 LNs showed increased histiocytes and apoptosis, with the features reminiscent of necrotizing histiocytic lymphadenitis, and B and T lymphocytes (mostly CD8 + T) admixed with CD163 + histiocytes and dendritic cells. Molecular chimerism analysis in one case showed the coexistence of donor (81%) and recipient (19%) derived lymphocytes. Granzyme B (GZMB) expression confirmed the presence of increased cytotoxic T cells in this LN sample. CONCLUSION Our data suggested the involvement of an immunological process within the donor-derived LNs after facial allotransplantation between the recipient and donor cells. GZMB expression suggested LN rejection that can occurred independently of skin rejection. This finding supports the need to better define the role of donor-derived immune cells in the context of allograft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kauke-Navarro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sam Sadigh
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine A A Lee
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Viola Stoegner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lioba Huelsboemer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Azzi Jamil
- Department of Medicine, Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Ko
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christine G Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George F Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Horsnell HL, Cao WH, Belz GT, Mueller SN, Alexandre YO. The transcription factor SpiB regulates the fibroblastic reticular cell network and CD8 + T-cell responses in lymph nodes. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:269-279. [PMID: 38441326 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) construct microanatomical niches that support lymph node (LN) homeostasis and coordination of immune responses. Transcription factors regulating the functionality of FRCs remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of the transcription factor SpiB that is expressed in LN FRCs. Conditional ablation of SpiB in FRCs impaired the FRC network in the T-cell zone of LNs, leading to reduced numbers of FRCs and altered homeostatic functions including reduced CCL21 and interleukin-7 expression. The size and cellularity of LNs remained intact in the absence of SpiB but the space between the reticular network increased, indicating that although FRCs were reduced in number they stretched to maintain network integrity. Following virus infection, antiviral CD8+ T-cell responses were impaired, suggesting a role for SpiB expression in FRCs in orchestrating immune responses. Together, our findings reveal a new role for SpiB as an important regulator of FRC functions and immunity in LNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harry L Horsnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wang Hj Cao
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Queensland Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Queensland Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott N Mueller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yannick O Alexandre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lyons-Cohen MR, Shamskhou EA, Gerner MY. Site-specific regulation of Th2 differentiation within lymph node microenvironments. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231282. [PMID: 38442268 PMCID: PMC10912907 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
T helper 2 (Th2) responses protect against pathogens while also driving allergic inflammation, yet how large-scale Th2 responses are generated in tissue context remains unclear. Here, we used quantitative imaging to investigate early Th2 differentiation within lymph nodes (LNs) following cutaneous allergen administration. Contrary to current models, we observed extensive activation and "macro-clustering" of early Th2 cells with migratory type-2 dendritic cells (cDC2s), generating specialized Th2-promoting microenvironments. Macro-clustering was integrin-mediated and promoted localized cytokine exchange among T cells to reinforce differentiation, which contrasted the behavior during Th1 responses. Unexpectedly, formation of Th2 macro-clusters was dependent on the site of skin sensitization. Differences between sites were driven by divergent activation states of migratory cDC2 from different dermal tissues, with enhanced costimulatory molecule expression by cDC2 in Th2-generating LNs promoting prolonged T cell activation, macro-clustering, and cytokine sensing. Thus, the generation of dedicated Th2 priming microenvironments through enhanced costimulatory molecule signaling initiates Th2 responses in vivo and occurs in a skin site-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R. Lyons-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elya A. Shamskhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Y. Gerner
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Babacan GB, Acar Tayyar MN, Şahin MC, Şengiz Erhan S, Tamam MÖ. Unusual Presence of Synchronous Primary Ovarian and Thyroid Extranodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Without Lymph Node Involvement. Clin Nucl Med 2024; 49:e186-e187. [PMID: 38350088 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Extranodal lymphomas without lymph node involvement are rarely observed and create diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 33-year-old woman who was admitted with abdominal swelling. Ultrasonography findings suggested bilateral ovarian masses. 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed intense uptake on the bilateral pelvic mass and thyroid gland. Following excisional surgery and thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This case is exceptionally rare, as it presents 2 synchronous extranodal involvements in the ovaries and the thyroid gland independently while not presenting any lymph node activity, which has not been reported before.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Selma Şengiz Erhan
- Pathology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcioğlu City Hospital, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koh GY, McDonald DM. Meningeal lymphatics can influence stroke outcome. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232305. [PMID: 38442271 PMCID: PMC10913810 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatics are conduits for cerebrospinal fluid drainage to lymphatics and lymph nodes in the neck. In this issue of JEM, Boisserand et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20221983) provide evidence that expansion of meningeal lymphatics protects against ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gou Young Koh
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Donald M McDonald
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abberger H, Groom JR. Macro-clusters: CD301b+ DCs prime Th2 responses. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240088. [PMID: 38442269 PMCID: PMC10911086 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In this issue of JEM, Lyons-Cohen et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20231282) reveal that lymph node macro-clusters provide a spatial niche where CD301b+ cDC2s and CD4+ T cells interact. These integrin-mediated cellular hubs promote enhanced co-stimulation and cytokine signaling to drive Th2 differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Abberger
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Joanna R. Groom
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Demіr D, İhvan A, Aktaş E, Zemheri E, Zindanci İ. Correlation Between Clinical and Histological Features of Dermatopathic Lymphadenopathy: Analysis of 39 Lymph Nodes. Int J Surg Pathol 2024; 32:252-262. [PMID: 37151027 DOI: 10.1177/10668969231173381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Background. Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy is a well-defined histopathological entity with an underestimated prevalence in the general population. Objective. The present study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of histologically diagnosed cases of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy at our unit. We also aimed to investigate any association between the clinical features of the patients and the histological findings. Methods. A total of 39 lymph node samples from 39 patients diagnosed with dermatopathic lymphadenopathy were included in this prospective cohort study. Results. Thirty-four (87%) patients had a dermatological disorder. The presence of paracortical eosinophils were significantly higher in patients with dermatological disorders (P = .001), while the presence of dilated sinuses was significantly more common in patients without a dermatological disorder (P = .035). The presence of dilated sinuses and medullary histiocytes were significantly more common in patients with lower body surface area involvement of the disease compared to the ones with a higher body surface area (P = .003, P = .034; respectively). Conclusion. Most of the patients included in the study had one of a broad spectrum of undiagnosed dermatological disorders. The clinical significance of the relation between histological and clinical findings in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy remains to be explained. Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy should always be considered in differential diagnoses of patients with persistent lymph node enlargement even when absolute dermatological disorders are not present. Since various skin disorders may be the cause of lymphadenopathy, performing a full-body examination before lymph node excision might prevent unneccessary procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damla Demіr
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur İhvan
- Department of Pathology, Health Science University Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Aktaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital (Prof Dr Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Health Science University Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlkin Zindanci
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Health Science University Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang X, Li X, Zhao J, Li Y, Shin SR, Ligresti G, Ng AHM, Bromberg JS, Church G, Lemos DR, Abdi R. Rapid Generation of hPSC-Derived High Endothelial Venule Organoids with In Vivo Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue Capabilities. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308760. [PMID: 38306610 PMCID: PMC11009051 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Bioengineering strategies for the fabrication of implantable lymphoid structures mimicking lymph nodes (LNs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) could amplify the adaptive immune response for therapeutic applications such as cancer immunotherapy. No method to date has resulted in the consistent formation of high endothelial venules (HEVs), which is the specialized vasculature responsible for naïve T cell recruitment and education in both LNs and TLS. Here orthogonal induced differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells carrying a regulatable ETV2 allele is used to rapidly and efficiently induce endothelial differentiation. Assembly of embryoid bodies combining primitive inducible endothelial cells and primary human LN fibroblastic reticular cells results in the formation of HEV-like structures that can aggregate into 3D organoids (HEVOs). Upon transplantation into immunodeficient mice, HEVOs successfully engraft and form lymphatic structures that recruit both antigen-presenting cells and adoptively-transferred lymphocytes, therefore displaying basic TLS capabilities. The results further show that functionally, HEVOs can organize an immune response and promote anti-tumor activity by adoptively-transferred T lymphocytes. Collectively, the experimental approaches represent an innovative and scalable proof-of-concept strategy for the fabrication of bioengineered TLS that can be deployed in vivo to enhance adaptive immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xichi Wang
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Alex H M Ng
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery and Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - George Church
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Dario R Lemos
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ichhpuniani S, McKechnie T, Lee J, Biro J, Lee Y, Park L, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C. Lymph Node Ratio as a Predictor of Survival for Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am Surg 2024; 90:840-850. [PMID: 37967460 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231209532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node ratio is the number of lymph nodes with evidence of metastases on pathological review compared to the total number of lymph nodes harvested during oncologic resection. Lymph node ratio is a proven predictor of long-term survival. These data have not been meta-analyzed to determine the prognosis associated with different lymph node ratio cut-offs in colon cancer. METHODS Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL were systematically searched. Articles were included if they compared 5-year overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) between different lymph node ratios for patients undergoing oncologic resection for stages I-III colon cancer. Pairwise meta-analyses using inverse variance random effects were performed. RESULTS From 2587 citations, nine studies with 97,631 patients (female: 51.9%, median age: 61.65 years) were included. A lymph node ratio above .1 resulted in a 49% decrease in the odds of 5-year OS (2 studies; OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.49-.53, P < .00001). A lymph node ratio above .25 resulted in a 56% decrease in the odds of 5-year OS (3 studies; OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.43-.45, P < .00001). A lymph node ratio above .5 resulted in a 65% decrease in the odds of 5-year OS (3 studies; OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.33-.37, P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS Lymph node ratios from .1 to .5 are effective predictors of 5-year OS for colon cancer. There appears to be an inverse dose-response relationship between lymph node ratio and 5-year OS. Further study is required to determine whether there is an optimal lymph node ratio cut-off for prognostication and whether it can inform which patients may benefit from more aggressive adjuvant therapy and follow-up protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler McKechnie
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jay Lee
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy Biro
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yung Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lily Park
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aristithes Doumouras
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dennis Hong
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Cagla Eskicioglu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ruggiu M, Guérin MV, Corre B, Bardou M, Alonso R, Russo E, Garcia Z, Feldmann L, Lemaître F, Dusseaux M, Grandjean CL, Bousso P. Anti-PD-1 therapy triggers Tfh cell-dependent IL-4 release to boost CD8 T cell responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232104. [PMID: 38417020 PMCID: PMC10901238 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-1 therapy targets intratumoral CD8+ T cells to promote clinical responses in cancer patients. Recent evidence suggests an additional activity in the periphery, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that anti-PD-1 mAb enhances CD8+ T cell responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes by stimulating cytokine production in follicular helper T cells (Tfh). In two different models, anti-PD-1 mAb increased the activation and proliferation of tumor-specific T cells in lymph nodes. Surprisingly, anti-PD-1 mAb did not primarily target CD8+ T cells but instead stimulated IL-4 production by Tfh cells, the major population bound by anti-PD-1 mAb. Blocking IL-4 or inhibiting the Tfh master transcription factor BCL6 abrogated anti-PD-1 mAb activity in lymph nodes while injection of IL-4 complexes was sufficient to recapitulate anti-PD-1 mAb activity. A similar mechanism was observed in a vaccine model. Finally, nivolumab also boosted human Tfh cells in humanized mice. We propose that Tfh cells and IL-4 play a key role in the peripheral activity of anti-PD-1 mAb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Ruggiu
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Marion V. Guérin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Corre
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Margot Bardou
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Ruby Alonso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Erica Russo
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Zacarias Garcia
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Lea Feldmann
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lemaître
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Bousso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Akkari Y, Baughn LB, Kim A, Karaca E, Raca G, Shao L, Mikhail FM. Section E6.1-6.6 of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) Technical Laboratory Standards: Cytogenomic studies of acquired chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Genet Med 2024; 26:101054. [PMID: 38349293 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytogenomic analyses of acquired clonal chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes are instrumental in the clinical management of patients with hematologic neoplasms. Cytogenetic analyses assist in the diagnosis of such disorders and can provide important prognostic information. Furthermore, cytogenetic studies can provide crucial information regarding specific genetically defined subtypes of these neoplasms that may have targeted therapies. At time of relapse, cytogenetic analysis can confirm recurrence of the original neoplasm, detect clonal disease evolution, or uncover a new unrelated neoplastic process. This section deals specifically with the technical standards applicable to cytogenomic studies of acquired clonal chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes. This updated Section E6.1-6.6 supersedes the previous Section E6 in Section E: Clinical Cytogenetics of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Technical Standards for Clinical Genetics Laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yassmine Akkari
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Linda B Baughn
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Annette Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Pathology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Texas A&M School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Gordana Raca
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lina Shao
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Fady M Mikhail
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu W, Xu B, Li P. A novel log odds of positive lymph nodes-based nomogram for predicting overall survival in patients with colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma: a SEER population-based study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2024; 39:44. [PMID: 38558258 PMCID: PMC10984886 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-024-04622-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considering the poor prognosis and high lymph node (LN) involvement rate of colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC), this study aimed to construct a prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) with satisfactory accuracy and utility, based on LN status indicators with superior predictability. METHODS Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we obtained cases of colorectal SRCC patients and employed univariate and multivariate Cox analyses to determine independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier curves were utilized to visualize survival differences among these factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess predictive performances of models incorporating various LN status indicators. A novel nomogram, containing optimal LN status indicators and other prognostic factors, was developed to predict OS, whose discriminatory ability and accuracy were evaluated using calibration curves and decision curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 1663 SRCC patients were screened from SEER database. Older patients and those with grades III-IV, tumor sizes > 39 mm, T3/T4 stage, N1/N2 stage, M1 stage, and higher log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) values exhibited poorer prognoses. Age, grade, tumor size, TNM stage, and LODDS were independent prognostic factors. The model containing N stage and LODDS outperformed the one relying solely on N stage as LN status indicator, resulting in a validated nomogram for accurately predicting OS in SRCC patients. CONCLUSION The integration of LODDS, N stage, and other risk factors into a nomogram offered precise OS predictions, enhancing therapeutic decision-making and tailored follow-up management for colorectal SRCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Chongchuan District, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226000, China
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Boqi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Chongchuan District, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Baldran-Groves L, Melief J. Lymph node resection does not impair cancer immunotherapy responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:234. [PMID: 38448633 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeroen Melief
- Preprint Club, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Neuwirth T, Gonzalez AL, Fisher-Gupta E, Stary G. Getting under the skin: resident memory CD8 + T cells have a second residence in the draining lymph node. Genes Immun 2024; 25:105-107. [PMID: 38459337 PMCID: PMC11023926 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Neuwirth
- Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Azuah L Gonzalez
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emilie Fisher-Gupta
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Georg Stary
- Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mei S, He G, Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhang R, Liao Y, Zhu M, Xu D, Shen Y, Zhou B, Wang K, Wang C, Chen C, Zhu E, Cheng Z. Effect of feeding fermented distiller's grains diets on immune status and metabolomics of spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes in finishing cattle. J Proteomics 2024; 296:105107. [PMID: 38325729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
To explore the effect of feeding fermented distiller's grains (FDG) diets on spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) immune status and metabolomics in finishing cattle, eighteen Guanling crossbred cattle (18 months old, 250.0 ± 25 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups: a basal diet (Control) group, an FDG-15% group, and an FDG-30% group (containing 0%, 15% and 30% FDG to partially replace the concentrates, respectively). After 75 days, the spleens and MLN were collected for detection of relative spleen weight, immune parameters, and metabolomic analysis. Compared with the Control group, FDG-30% group significantly increased (P<0.05) the relative spleen weight. In addition, the level of IL-17A in the spleen of the FDG-30% group was significantly higher than that of the FDG-15% group. Metabolomic analysis showed that differential metabolites (VIP>1, P<0.05) of spleen and MLN in FDG-15% and FDG-30% groups are mostly lipids and lipid molecules. KEGG analysis illustrated that choline metabolism in cancer, glycerophospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and insulin resistance were metabolic pathways in spleen shared by FDG-15% group vs.Control group and FDG-30% group vs.Control group, and choline metabolism in cancer was a metabolic pathway in MLN shared by FDG-15% group vs.Control group and FDG-30% group vs.Control group. These results suggest that feeding FDG may promote spleen development by regulating choline metabolism in cancer, glycerophospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and insulin resistance. Additionally, it may affect MLN development by regulating choline metabolism in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Fermented distiller's grains (FDG) is a high quality alternative to feed because it is rich in beneficial microorganisms and nutrients. The spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) are important peripheral immune organs in animals, whose status reflects the health of the animal. However, there are few reports on the effect of feeding FDG diets on spleen and MLN immune status and metabolomics in domestic animals. In this study, we found that feeding FDG may promote spleen development by regulating choline metabolism in cancer, glycerophospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and insulin resistance metabolic pathways, and may affect MLN development by regulating choline metabolism in cancer. This study extends our understanding of the metabolomics of the spleen and MLN in FDG and helps to further understand of the immunomodulatory effects of the FDG diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Mei
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guangxia He
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ze Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yixiao Liao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Duhan Xu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanjuan Shen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bijun Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kaigong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Erpeng Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Zhentao Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang XY, Zhong Q, Fang JG, Shi Q, Guo W, Ding S, Zhao YM, He YR, Li QJ. [Effect of dual fluorescence imaging in identifying central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands during thyroid cancer surgery]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:938-943. [PMID: 38514342 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231016-00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of dual fluorescence imaging in identifying central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands during thyroid cancer surgery. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Patients who underwent surgery for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2022 and September 2023 were included. All patients underwent thyroid lobectomy or total resection, and central lymph node dissection was performed at the same time. During the operation, tracing injection of mitoxantrone hydrochloride and 785 nm and 660 nm dual fluorescence imaging technique were used to measure the fluorescence intensity (FI) of parathyroid glands, central lymph nodes and background. After correcting to obtain the standardized FI, the paired t-test was used to compare the standardized FI of the parathyroid glands and central lymph nodes, and the Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the standardized FI and various clinical indicators. Results: The study included 30 patients (8 males and 22 females), with a mean age of (41.8±10.4) years. A total of 76 parathyroid glands and 234 central lymph nodes were identified under dual fluorescence imaging, and the standardized FI of parathyroid glands was less than that of central lymph nodes (44.7±16.8 vs 99.5±28.4, P<0.001). The visualization rate, false rate and miscut rate of parathyroid glands under 785 nm wavelength excitation light were 98.7% (76/77), 0 (0/77) and 1.3% (1/77), respectively (one case with no visualization and miscutting parathyroid gland was the encapsulated type). The visualization rate of central lymph nodes under 660 nm wavelength excitation light was 98.7% (234/237). There was no significant correlation between FI and clinical indicators such as gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, preoperative thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin antibody, thyroid microsomal antibody, serum calcium, parathyroid hormone level and surgical procedure (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Dual fluorescence imaging of central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands can improve the ability to identify parathyroid gland while assisting central lymph node dissection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Y Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Q Zhong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J G Fang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Q Shi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Ding
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y M Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y R He
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Q J Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University/Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cardani-Boulton A, Sung SSJ, Petri WA, Hahn YS, Braciale TJ. Leptin Receptor Deficiency Impairs Lymph Node Development and Adaptive Immune Response. J Immunol 2024; 212:974-981. [PMID: 38251917 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Activation and clonal expansion of the Ag-specific adaptive immune response in the draining lymph node is essential to clearing influenza A virus infections. Activation sufficient for virus clearance is dependent on the lymph node's architectural organization that is maintained by stromal cells, chiefly fibroblastic reticular cells. During an analysis of influenza A virus clearance in leptin receptor knockout (DB/DB) mice, we observed that the DB/DB mice have markedly reduced numbers of lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells at the steady state. The reduction in lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells resulted in abnormal lymph node organization and diminished numbers of adaptive immune cells in the lymph nodes under homeostatic conditions. As a consequence, the DB/DB mice were impaired in their ability to generate an effective influenza-specific adaptive immune response, which prevented virus clearance. Using leptin receptor mutant mice with point mutations at distinct signaling sites in the leptin receptor, we were able to link the leptin receptor's signaling domain tyrosine 985, which does not contribute to obesity, to lymph node fibroblastic reticular cell development and function. These results demonstrate a novel role for leptin receptor signaling in regulating lymph node development in a manner that is crucial to the generation of Ag-specific adaptive immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Cardani-Boulton
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Sun-Sang J Sung
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - William A Petri
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Young S Hahn
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Thomas J Braciale
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan L, Tan Z, Huang J, Chen F, Hambly BD, Bao S, Tao K. Exploring the clinical significance of IL-38 correlation with PD-1, CTLA-4, and FOXP3 in colorectal cancer draining lymph nodes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384548. [PMID: 38533512 PMCID: PMC10963446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a substantial challenge characterized by unacceptably high mortality and morbidity, primarily attributed to delayed diagnosis and reliance on palliative care. The immune response of the host plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, with IL-38 emerging as a potential protective factor in CRC. However, the precise involvement of IL-38 among various leucocytes, its interactions with PD-1/PD-L1, and its impact on metastasis require further elucidation. Results Our investigation revealed a significant correlation between IL-38 expression and metastasis, particularly concerning survival and interactions among diverse leucocytes within draining lymph nodes. In the mesentery lymph nodes, we observed an inverse correlation between IL-38 expression and stages of lymph node invasions (TNM), invasion depth, distance, and differentiation. This aligns with an overall survival advantage associated with higher IL-38 expression in CRC patients' nodes compared to lower levels, as well as elevated IL-38 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells. Notably, a distinct subset of patients characterized by IL-38high/PD-1low expression exhibited superior survival outcomes compared to other combinations. Discussion Our findings demonstrate that IL-38 expression in colorectal regional nodes from CRC patients is inversely correlated with PD-1/PD-L1 but positively correlated with infiltrating CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes. The combined assessment of IL-38 and PD-1 expression in colorectal regional nodes emerges as a promising biomarker for predicting the prognosis of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Tan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feier Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brett D. Hambly
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shisan Bao
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Tao
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shi XW, Wang DF, Zhang GN, Zhang J. [Postoperative lymph node metastasis status and related factors in patients with early-stage, low-risk endometrial cancer assessed by the Mayo criteria]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:736-741. [PMID: 38462353 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231017-00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the postoperative lymph node metastasis status and related factors of patients with early-stage low-risk endometrial cancer evaluated by the Mayo criteria in order to make the preoperative evaluation more accurate. Methods: A total of 172 patients with early-stage low-risk endometrial cancer who underwent surgery in Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital from 2009 to 2018 and were evaluated as early low-risk according to the "Mayo criteria" were retrospectively enrolled, and were divided into lymph node metastasis group (7 cases) and non-metastasis group (165 cases) according to the results of postoperative pathological examination. The postoperative pathological examination results and prognosis of all patients were collected. The lymph node metastasis of the two groups was analyzed. The multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of lymph node metastasis, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the relevant factors was calculated by using the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict the postoperative lymph node metastasis of patients. Results: The age of 172 patients was (53.0±8.6) years, and the follow-up [M(Q1,Q3)] was 64.1 (46.2, 91.4) months, among whom 2 relapsed and 1 died. Among the 7 patients with lymph node metastasis, 5 cases had pelvic lymph node metastasis, 1 case had pelvic lymph union and abdominal para-aortic lymph node metastasis, 1 case had isolated abdominal para-aortic lymph node metastasis, 3 cases had two lymph node metastases, and 4 cases had intrailiac lymph nodes being the most common metastasis site. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative serum cancer antigen (CA) 125 was the relevant factor for postoperative lymph node metastasis, with an OR value (95%CI) of 1.022 (1.001-1.043) (P=0.042), with AUC (95%CI) of CA125 predicting lymph node metastasis of 0.850 (0.761-0.939) (P=0.002), and the optimal cut-off value of CA125 was 29.305 U/ml with the sensitivity of 85.7% and the specificity of 80.6%. Conclusions: When CA125>29.305 U/ml, patients with early-stage low-risk endometrial cancer assessed by the Mayo criteria, had an increased risk of lymph node metastasis. Therefore, adding preoperative serum CA125 level as an evaluation index on the basis of the classic "Mayo criteria" may help conduct more accurate preoperative evaluation and better identify early-stage low-risk EC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X W Shi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - D F Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - G N Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Aguilar CC, Kalia A, Brisse ME, Dowd KA, Wise-Dent O, Burgomaster KE, Droppo J, Pierson TC, Hickman HD. Subcapsular sinus macrophages maximize germinal center development in non-draining lymph nodes during blood-borne viral infection. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadi4926. [PMID: 38457515 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adi4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Lymph node (LN) germinal centers (GCs) are critical sites for B cell activation and differentiation. GCs develop after specialized CD169+ macrophages residing in LN sinuses filter antigens (Ags) from the lymph and relay these Ags into proximal B cell follicles. Many viruses, however, first reach LNs through the blood during viremia (virus in the blood), rather than through lymph drainage from infected tissue. How LNs capture viral Ag from the blood to allow GC development is not known. Here, we followed Zika virus (ZIKV) dissemination in mice and subsequent GC formation in both infected tissue-draining and non-draining LNs. From the footpad, ZIKV initially disseminated through two LN chains, infecting LN macrophages and leading to GC formation. Despite rapid ZIKV viremia, non-draining LNs were not infected for several days. Non-draining LN infection correlated with virus-induced vascular leakage and neutralization of permeability reduced LN macrophage attrition. Depletion of non-draining LN macrophages significantly decreased GC B cells in these nodes. Thus, although LNs inefficiently captured viral Ag directly from the blood, GC formation in non-draining LNs proceeded similarly to draining LNs through LN sinus CD169+ macrophages. Together, our findings reveal a conserved pathway allowing LN macrophages to activate antiviral B cells in LNs distal from infected tissue after blood-borne viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia C Aguilar
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anurag Kalia
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Morgan E Brisse
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly A Dowd
- Arbovirus Immunity Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olivia Wise-Dent
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine E Burgomaster
- Arbovirus Immunity Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joanna Droppo
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Arbovirus Immunity Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather D Hickman
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kubara K, Yamazaki K, Miyazaki T, Kondo K, Kurotaki D, Tamura T, Suzuki Y. Lymph node macrophages drive innate immune responses to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of mRNA vaccines. Mol Ther 2024; 32:704-721. [PMID: 38243602 PMCID: PMC10928146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines are promising for cancer treatment. Efficient delivery of mRNAs encoding tumor antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is critical to elicit anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we identified a novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation, L17-F05, for mRNA vaccines by screening 34 ionizable lipids and 28 LNP formulations using human primary APCs. Subcutaneous delivery of L17-F05 mRNA vaccine encoding Gp100 and Trp2 inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice bearing B16F10 melanoma. L17-F05 efficiently delivered mRNAs to conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and macrophages in draining lymph nodes (dLNs). cDCs functioned as the main APCs by presenting antigens along with enhanced expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Macrophages triggered innate immune responses centered on type-I interferon (IFN-I) in dLNs. Lymph node (LN) macrophage depletion attenuated APC maturation and anti-tumor activity of L17-F05 mRNA vaccines. Loss-of-function studies revealed that L17-F05 works as a self-adjuvant by activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in macrophages. Collectively, the self-adjuvanticity of L17-F05 triggered innate immune responses in LN macrophages via the STING-IFN-I pathway, contributing to APC maturation and potent anti-tumor activity of L17-F05 mRNA vaccines. Our findings provide strategies for further optimization of mRNA vaccines based on the innate immune response driven by LN macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kubara
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan; Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Yamazaki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyazaki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Keita Kondo
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sutthatarn P, Davidoff AM, Bahrami A, Richard C, Shalini B, Santiago TC, Shulkin BL, Pappo AS, Abdelhafeez A. Regional lymph node evaluation in pediatric conventional melanoma subtype: a single-center 10-year review. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:68. [PMID: 38441654 PMCID: PMC10914839 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prognostic and therapeutic significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and completion lymph node dissection (CLND) in pediatric conventional melanoma (CM), while evaluating potential predictive factors for outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records spanning 2009-2020, focusing on patients aged 18 or younger with localized cutaneous conventional melanoma. RESULTS Among the 33 patients, SLNB detected metastasis in 57.6% of cases, with 52.6% undergoing CLND. Positive SLN patients had higher relapse risk (HR 5.92; 95% CI 1.27-27.7; P = 0.024) but similar overall survival (HR 3.19; 95% CI 0.31-33.1, P = 0.33). No significant differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and OS were found between patients who underwent CLND and those who did not (HR 1.91; 95% CI 0.49-7.43, P = 0.35, and HR 0.52; 95% CI 0.03-8.32, P = 0.64, respectively). Univariate analysis showed age at diagnosis (P = 0.02) correlated with higher recurrence risk, with a 21% hazard increase per additional year of age. CONCLUSIONS Positive SLN status and age at diagnosis were associated with worse DFS in CM patients. Our study did not find any prognostic or therapeutic value in CLND for pediatric melanoma. Further multicenter trials are needed to confirm our single-institution experience. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pattamon Sutthatarn
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Armita Bahrami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Celine Richard
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, USA.
- Division of Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - Bhatia Shalini
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Teresa C Santiago
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Barry L Shulkin
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, United States
| | - Alberto S Pappo
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Credidio L, Martinez CAR, Magro DO, Carvalho RBD, Ayrizono MDLS, Coy CSR. INFLUENCE OF NEOADJUVANT THERAPY ON THE RATIO OF LYMPH NODES. Arq Gastroenterol 2024; 61:e23131. [PMID: 38451667 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.24612023-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the relationship between the ratio of affected lymph nodes (LNR) and clinical and anatomopathological variables in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma submitted or not to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. METHODS The LNR was determined by dividing the number of compromised LNR by the total number of LNR dissected in the surgical specimen. Patients were divided into two groups: with QRT and without QRT. In each group, the relationship between LNR and the following variables was evaluated: degree of cell differentiation, depth of invasion in the rectal wall, angiolymphatic /perineural invasion, degree of tumor regression and occurrence of metastases. The LNR was evaluated in patients with more than 1, LNR (LNR >12) or less (LNR<12) in the surgical specimen with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The results were expressed as the mean with the respective standard deviation. Qualitative variables were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, while quantitative variables were analyzed using the Kruskal -Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The significance level was 5%. RESULTS We evaluated 282 patients with QRT and 114 without QRT, between 1995-2011. In the QRT Group, LNR showed a significant association with mucinous tumors (P=0.007) and degree of tumor regression (P=0.003). In both groups, LNR was associated with poorly differentiated tumors (P=0.001, P=0.02), presence of angiolymphatic invasion (P<0.0001 and P=0.01), perineural (P=0.0007, P=0.02), degree of rectal wall invasion (T3>T2; P<0.0001, P=0.02); Compromised LNR (P<0.0001, P<0.01), metastases (P<0.0001, P<0.01). In patients with QRT, LNR<12 was associated with DFS (5.889; 95%CI1.935-19.687; P=0.018) and LNR>12 with DFS and OS (17.984; 95%CI5.931-54.351; P<0.001 and 10.286; 95%CI 2.654-39.854; P=0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION LNR was associated with histological aspects of poor prognosis, regardless of the use of QRT. In the occurrence of less than 12 evaluated LNR, the LNR was associated only with the DFS. BACKGROUND • Assessment of the lymph nodes during pathological analysis of the surgical specimen is crucial to determine treatment and prognosis. BACKGROUND • Neoadjuvance therapy reduces the number of lymph nodes, being lower than recommended, therefore the lymph node ratio can be an alternative analysis for a better prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Credidio
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Grupo de Coloproctologia da Disciplina de Doenças do Aparelho Digestivo, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Augusto Real Martinez
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Grupo de Coloproctologia da Disciplina de Doenças do Aparelho Digestivo, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniéla Oliveira Magro
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Grupo de Coloproctologia da Disciplina de Doenças do Aparelho Digestivo, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Rita Barbosa de Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Grupo de Coloproctologia da Disciplina de Doenças do Aparelho Digestivo, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues Coy
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Grupo de Coloproctologia da Disciplina de Doenças do Aparelho Digestivo, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Viveros-Carreño D, Pareja R, Plante M. De-escalation of surgical radicality for non-fertility preserving management in patients with early-stage cervical cancer: a systematic review. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024; 34:386-392. [PMID: 38438182 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2023-004593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of simple hysterectomy in patients with low-risk early-stage cervical cancer (tumors ≤2 cm with limited stromal invasion). METHODS This study was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023433840) following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. MEDLINE (through Ovid), EmMBASEbase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception until June 2023. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies with two arms of comparison (simple hysterectomy with lymph node assessment vs radical hysterectomy with lymph node assessment) in patients with low-risk early-stage cervical cancer were considered. RESULTS The search identified 1270 articles; eighteen studies were considered potentially eligible after removing duplicates, and four met the selection criteria. Three studies were randomized controlled trials, and the other was a retrospective cohort study. In total, 981 patients were included. There were 485 (49.4%) and 496 (50.6%) patients in the simple hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy groups, respectively. Simple hysterectomy with lymph node assessment was not associated with a higher risk of death at 5 years (RR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.31 to 3.10; I2=0%, two randomized controlled trials, 141 patients, for an absolute risk reduction of zero percentage points [95% CI -9.0 to 9.0]), pelvic recurrence at 3 years (97.5% and 97.8% for simple hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy, respectively, p=0.79), and overall recurrence at 3 years (95 %% and 100% for simple hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy, respectively, p=0.30). CONCLUSION Simple hysterectomy with lymph node evaluation for low-risk early-stage cervical cancer is not associated with a detrimental effect on oncologic outcomes and has a better morbidity profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Viveros-Carreño
- Gynecologic Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogota, Colombia
- Gynecologic Oncology, Clínica Universitaria Colombia And Clínica Los Nogales, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rene Pareja
- Gynecologic Oncology, Clinica ASTORGA, Medellin, and Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marie Plante
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Matsuo K, Chen L, Neuman MK, Klar M, Carlson JW, Roman LD, Wright JD. Lymph Node Isolated Tumor Cells in Patients With Endometrial Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e240988. [PMID: 38497964 PMCID: PMC10949095 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Isolated tumor cells (ITCs) are the histopathological finding of small clusters of cancer cells no greater than 0.2 mm in diameter in the regional lymph nodes. For endometrial cancer, the prognostic significance of ITCs is uncertain. Objective To assess clinico-pathological characteristics and oncologic outcomes associated with ITCs in endometrial cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study using the National Cancer Database included patients with endometrial cancer who had primary hysterectomy and nodal evaluation from 2018 to 2020. Patients with microscopic and macroscopic nodal metastases and distant metastases were excluded. Data were analyzed from June to September 2023. Exposure Regional nodal status with ITCs (N0[i+] classification) or no nodal metastasis (N0 classification). Main Outcomes and Measures (1) Clinical and tumor characteristics associated with ITCs, assessed with multivariable binary logistic regression model, and (2) overall survival (OS) associated with ITCs, evaluated by nonproportional hazard analysis with restricted mean survival time at 36 months. Results A total of 56 527 patients were included, with a median (IQR) age of 64 (57-70) years. The majority had T1a lesion (37 836 [66.9%]) and grade 1 or 2 endometrioid tumors (40 589 [71.8%]). ITCs were seen in 1462 cases (2.6%). In a multivariable analysis, ITCs were associated with higher T classification, larger tumor size, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and malignant peritoneal cytology. Of those tumor factors, LVSI had the largest association with ITCs (7.9% vs 1.4%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.37; 95% CI, 3.87-4.93), followed by T1b classification (5.3% vs 1.3%; aOR, 2.62; 95% CI, 2.30-2.99). At the cohort level, 24-month OS rates were 94.3% (95% CI, 92.4%-95.7%) for the ITC group and 96.1% (95% CI, 95.9%-96.3%) for the node-negative group, and the between-group difference in expected mean OS time at 36 months was 0.35 (SE, 0.19) months, but it was not statistically significant (P = .06). There was a statistically significant difference in OS when the low-risk group (stage IA, grade 1-2 endometrioid tumors with no LVSI) was assessed per nodal status and adjuvant therapy use (P < .001): (1) among the cases treated with surgical therapy alone, 24-month OS rates were 95.9% (95% CI, 89.5%-98.5%) for the ITC group and 98.8% (95% CI, 98.6%-99.0%) for the node-negative group, and the between-group mean OS time difference at 36 months was 0.61 (SE, 0.43) months (P = .16); and (2) among the cases with ITCs, adjuvant therapy (radiotherapy alone, systemic chemotherapy alone, or both) was associated with improved survival compared with no adjuvant therapy (24-month OS rates, 100% vs 95.9%; between-group mean OS time difference at 36 months, 0.95 [SE, 0.43] months; P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of patients with surgically staged endometrial cancer, the results of exploratory analysis suggested that presence of ITCs in the regional lymph node may be associated with OS in the low-risk group. While adjuvant therapy was associated with improved OS in the low-risk group with ITCs, careful interpretation is necessary given the favorable outcomes regardless of adjuvant therapy use. This hypothesis-generating observation in patients with low-risk endometrial cancer warrants further investigation, especially with prospective setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsuo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Ling Chen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Monica K. Neuman
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Maximilian Klar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joseph W. Carlson
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Lynda D. Roman
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Jason D. Wright
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rattray D, Brink H. A rare case of adult intussusception. S AFR J SURG 2024; 62:86-88. [PMID: 38568133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
SUMMARY Adult intussusception is rare, and its non-specific symptoms make the diagnosis particularly difficult. Imaging modalities such as X-ray, abdominal ultrasound and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) may improve preoperative detection. In this report, we present a 53-year-old male with an ileocaecal intussusception. The patient underwent an extended right hemicolectomy and double barrel ileocolostomy. Histopathological review of the specimen identified the lead point as an intramural caecal lymph node which, as far as we are aware, is the first time this type of lead point has been reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Rattray
- Department of Surgery, Edenvale Hospital, South Africa
| | - H Brink
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li J, Alhayek A, Wang H, Bumann D. High-Resolution Three-dimensional Whole-organ Tomography of Microbial Infections. J Vis Exp 2024. [PMID: 38497624 DOI: 10.3791/66469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Most infections take place within three-dimensional host tissues with intricate anatomy and locally varying host physiology. The positioning of pathogen cells within this diverse environment significantly affects their stress levels, responses, fate, and contribution to the overall progression of the disease and treatment failure. However, due to the technical difficulties in locating µm-sized pathogen cells within cm-sized host organs, this area of research has been relatively unexplored. Here, we present a method for addressing this challenge. We employ serial two-photon tomography and AI-enhanced image analysis to locate individual Salmonella cells throughout the entire spleen, liver lobes, and whole lymph nodes of infected mice. Using fluorescent reporters and in vivo antibody administration, the replication rate of single Salmonella cells, their local interaction with specific immune cells, and bacterial responses to antibiotics can be determined. These methodologies open avenues for a comprehensive examination of infections, their prevention, and treatment within the three-dimensional tissue context.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lopez-Ramirez F, King MC, Sardi A, Gushchin V. ASO Author Reflections: Leave No Stone Unturned-Confidently Ruling Out Metastatic Lymph Node Disease in Appendix Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1783-1784. [PMID: 38071701 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14773-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Lopez-Ramirez
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Institute for Cancer Care, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Caitlin King
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Institute for Cancer Care, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Armando Sardi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Institute for Cancer Care, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Vadim Gushchin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Institute for Cancer Care, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gjorup CA, Woodford R, Li I, Carlino MS, Ch'ng S, Chung D, Hsiao E, Lo SN, London K, Long GV, Menzies AM, Nieweg OE, Pennington TE, Rtshiladze MA, Saw RPM, Scolyer RA, Shannon KF, Spillane AJ, Stretch JR, Thompson JF, Varey AHR, van Akkooi ACJ. ASO Visual Abstract: Role of Concurrent Ultrasound Surveillance of Sentinel Node-Positive Node Fields in Melanoma Patients Having Routine Cross-Sectional Imaging. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1882-1883. [PMID: 38117390 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Gjorup
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Woodford
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Isabel Li
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, Australia
| | - Sydney Ch'ng
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Head and Neck Service, Camperdown, Australia
| | - David Chung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Alfred Nuclear Medicine and Ultrasound, Newtown, Australia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Edward Hsiao
- Mater Imaging, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - Serigne N Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kevin London
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Alfred Nuclear Medicine and Ultrasound, Newtown, Australia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
- Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Omgo E Nieweg
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas E Pennington
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Michael A Rtshiladze
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn P M Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Head and Neck Service, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Andrew J Spillane
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
- Breast and Melanoma Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Stretch
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, North Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander H R Varey
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Alexander C J van Akkooi
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Melo KMD, Tavares FS, Antunes TS, Condino-Neto A, Silva Segundo GR, Macedo ACTD, Ferreira AP, Valente CFC. Autosomal Recessive IL-12p40 Deficiency due to a Mutation in the IL12B Gene: Report of a Brazilian Patient with Lymph Node Mycobacterial Infection. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol 2024; 37:33-36. [PMID: 38484269 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2022.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background: Autosomal recessive interleukin (IL)-12p40 deficiency is a genetic etiology of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). It has been described in ∼50 patients, usually with onset at childhood with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and Salmonella infections. Case Presentation: A male patient born to consanguineous parents was diagnosed with presumed lymph node MSMD at the age of 13 years after ocular symptoms. A positive history of inborn error of immunity was present: BCG reaction, skin abscess, and recurrent oral candidiasis. Abnormal measurements of cytokine levels, IL-12p40 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), lead to the diagnosis of MSMD. Genetic analysis showed a mutation in exon 7 of the IL12B gene. Currently, the patient is alive under prophylactic antibiotics. Conclusion: We report a rare case of IL-12p40 deficiency in a Latin American patient. Medical history was crucial for immune defect suspicion, as confirmed by precision diagnostic medicine tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Mescouto de Melo
- Unit of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital da Criança de Brasília José Alencar, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Scancetti Tavares
- Unit of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital da Criança de Brasília José Alencar, Brasília, Brazil
- Unit of Children and Adolescents, Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Thales Silva Antunes
- Unit of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital da Criança de Brasília José Alencar, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wei C, Zhuang Z, Li YL, Shi XX, Wen YB, Cao W, Fan SY, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhou DB. [The 504th case: Multiple lymph node enlargement, renal insufficiency, blindness, and white matter lesions of the brain]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:316-320. [PMID: 38448196 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230922-00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A 65-year-old male patient was admitted for recurrent lymph node enlargement for 5 years and elevated creatinine for 6 months. This patient was diagnosed with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma 5 years ago and underwent multiple lines of anti-tumor therapy, including cytotoxic chemotherapy; epigenetic modifying drugs such as chidamide and azacitidine; the immunomodulator lenalidomide; and targeted therapy such as rituximab, a CD20-targeting antibody, and brentuximab vedotin, which targets CD30. Although the tumor was considered stable, multiple virus activation (including BK virus, JC virus, and cytomegalovirus) accompanied by the corresponding organ damage (polyomavirus nephropathy, cytomegalovirus retinitis, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) occurred during anti-tumor treatment. Anti-tumor therapy was suspended and ganciclovir was used. The serum viral load decreased and organ functions were stabilized. The purpose of this report was to raise clinicians' awareness of opportunistic virus reactivation during anti-tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Wei
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z Zhuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y L Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X X Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y B Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Cao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - D B Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gjorup CA, van Akkooi ACJ. ASO Author Reflections: Recurrence in Sentinel Node-Positive Node Fields in Melanoma Patients Undergoing Surveillance Is More Common outside the Node Field. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1880-1881. [PMID: 38044350 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C A Gjorup
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - A C J van Akkooi
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Krmeská V, Shen L, Nylén S, Wowk PF, Rothfuchs AG. BCG infection dose guides dendritic cell migration and T cell priming in the draining lymph node. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13342. [PMID: 38441294 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and other hallmark reactions of cell-mediated immunity that correlate with vaccine-mediated protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the contribution of vaccine dose on responses that emerge early after infection in the skin with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is not well understood. We used a mouse model of BCG skin infection to study the effect of BCG dose on the relocation of skin Dendritic cells (DCs) to draining lymph node (DLN). Mycobacterium antigen 85B-specific CD4+ P25 T cell-receptor transgenic (P25 TCRTg) cells were used to probe priming to BCG in DLN. DC migration and T cell priming were studied across BCG inocula that varied up to 100-fold (104 to 106 Colony-forming units-CFUs). In line with earlier results in guinea pigs, DTH reaction in our model correlated with BCG dose. Importantly, priming of P25 TCRTg cells in DLN also escalated in a dose-dependent manner, peaking at day 6 after infection. Similar dose-escalation effects were seen for DC migration from infected skin and the accompanying transport of BCG to the DLN. BCG-triggered upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules on migratory DCs was restricted to the first 24 hour after infection and was independent of BCG dose over a 10-fold range (105 to 106 CFUs). The dose seemed to be a determinant of the number of total skin DCs that move to the DLN. In summary, our results support the use of higher BCG doses to detect robust DC migration and T cell priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Krmeská
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Nylén
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pryscilla Fanini Wowk
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ICC/Fiocruz-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Edge SB. Invited Commentary: Path to Omission of Axillary Surgery after Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2024; 238:311-312. [PMID: 38050969 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
|
38
|
Li Y, Yuan W, Zhong M, Qi J, Zheng X, Xie X, Li T, Zhang H, Jiang X, Peng L, Dai H. A murine groin site cardiac transplantation model-applicable tool for studying roles of peripheral lymph nodes in transplantation. Xenotransplantation 2024; 31:e12817. [PMID: 37548057 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The murine heterotopic cardiac transplantation model has been widely used to study antigen-specific immune responses or new immunosuppressive agents, which have a strong correlation with peripheral lymph nodes. Thus, a new organ transplantation model that is applicable to related studies is needed. Here, we describe a groin-site murine heart transplantation model using a cuff technique, in which the donor aorta and pulmonary artery are anastomosed to the truncated femoral vessels of the recipient. The mean survival time (MST) of the grafts in BALB/c-to-C57BL/6 allo-transplant group was 7.2 ± 0.3 days, and 1.9 ± 0.2 days in BALB/c-to-Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat xeno-transplant group. H&E results show that donor hearts from both groups demonstrate typical pathological features at the endpoint. Evans Blue tracing revealed that the popliteal lymph nodes of the grafted side hindlimb are larger than those of the contralateral side. Moreover, IHC staining for CD3, CD20 shows that the germinal center and cortex region of the grafted side of popliteal lymph nodes is apparently increased than that of the contralateral side. To sum up, this model may serve as an ideal model to study the role of peripheral lymph nodes in organ transplant rejection. In addition, extra-peritoneal grafting makes a step forward in animal welfare under the 3Rs' principle (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjia Yuan
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingda Zhong
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Julia Qi
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinguo Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tengfang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hedong Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longkai Peng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Helong Dai
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Immunology Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Turano E, Scambi I, Bonafede R, Dusi S, Angelini G, Lopez N, Marostica G, Rossi B, Furlan R, Constantin G, Mariotti R, Bonetti B. Extracellular vesicles from adipose mesenchymal stem cells target inflamed lymph nodes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:276-285. [PMID: 38231166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) represent a promising therapeutic approach in inflammatory neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent lines of evidence indicate that most biological activities of ASCs are mediated by the delivery of soluble factors enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Indeed, we have previously demonstrated that small EVs derived from ASCs (ASC-EVs) ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS. The precise mechanisms and molecular/cellular target of EVs during EAE are still unknown. METHODS To investigate the homing of ASC-EVs, we intravenously injected small EVs loaded with ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) at disease onset in EAE-induced C57Bl/6J mice. Histochemical analysis and transmission electron microscopy were carried out 48 h after EV treatment. Moreover, to assess the cellular target of EVs, flow cytometry on cells extracted ex vivo from EAE mouse lymph nodes was performed. RESULTS Histochemical and ultrastructural analysis showed the presence of labeled EVs in lymph nodes but not in lungs and spinal cord of EAE injected mice. Moreover, we identified the cellular target of EVs in EAE lymph nodes by flow cytometry: ASC-EVs were preferentially located in macrophages, with a consistent amount also noted in dendritic cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS This represents the first direct evidence of the privileged localization of ASC-EVs in draining lymph nodes of EAE after systemic injection. These data provide prominent information on the distribution, uptake and retention of ASC-EVs, which may help in the development of EV-based therapy in MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ermanna Turano
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Scambi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Bonafede
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Dusi
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelini
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Lopez
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Marostica
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mariotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Bruno Bonetti
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alkader MS, Altaha RZ, Jabali EH, Attieh OA, Matalqa AW. Is there an association between lymph node size and hyperprogression in immunotherapy-treated patients? Rom J Intern Med 2024; 62:33-43. [PMID: 37882575 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2023-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) can be described as an accelerated increase in the growth rate of tumors combined with rapid clinical deterioration observed in a subset of cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy, specifically with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The reported incidence of HPD ranges from 5.9% to 43.1% in patients receiving ICIs. In this context, identifying reliable predictive risk factors for HPD is crucial as it may allow for earlier intervention and ultimately improve patient outcomes. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed ten metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients. The identification of HPD was based on the diagnostic criteria proposed by Ferrara R et al. This study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between LN size and HPD using a cutoff value of 3 cm for LN size. Given the limited sample size, Fisher's exact test was used to test this association. We conducted a Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis to estimate the median overall survival (OS) of patients with HPD and compared it to those without HPD. RESULTS Three patients (30%) developed HPD, while seven (70%) did not. Fisher's exact test revealed a statistically significant association between the HPD and LN size ≥ 3 cm (p=0.008). In the HPD group, the median OS was significantly shorter, with a median OS of 3 months, whereas in the non-HPD group, the median OS was not reached (P =0.001). CONCLUSION The present study found a significant association between LN size ≥ 3 cm in the pretreatment period and HPD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Alkader
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Military Cancer Center, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rashed Z Altaha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Military Cancer Center, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eslam H Jabali
- Department of nuclear medicine, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ola A Attieh
- Department of nuclear medicine, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ala' W Matalqa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Military Cancer Center, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
La Gioia A, Marsano M, Fiorini F. Unusual Clasmatosis Morphology. Turk J Haematol 2024; 41:45-46. [PMID: 37767964 PMCID: PMC10918398 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2023.2023.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio La Gioia
- Docemus Onlus “Theoretical and Practical Training School for Improving Specialty Medicine,” Torrevecchia Teatina, Italy
| | - Miriam Marsano
- Università degli Studi, School of Specialization in Geriatrics, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiana Fiorini
- Docemus Onlus “Theoretical and Practical Training School for Improving Specialty Medicine,” Torrevecchia Teatina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Martinovic T, Vidicevic S, Ciric D, Bumbasirevic V, Stanojevic Z, Tasic J, Petricevic S, Isakovic A, Martinovic VC, Drndarevic N, Trajkovic V, Kravic-Stevovic T. The presence of Mott cells in the lymph nodes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Histochem Cell Biol 2024; 161:287-295. [PMID: 37952208 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Mott cells are plasma cells that have multiple spherical Russell bodies packed in their cytoplasm. Russell bodies are dilated endoplasmic reticulum cisternae filled with aggregates of immunoglobulins that are neither secreted nor degraded. Mott cells were observed in our study by light and electron microscope in the lymph nodes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Mott cells were detected on hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained lymph node sections as vacuolated cells with eccentrically positioned nuclei and large number of faint blue spherical inclusions in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopic investigation revealed the presence of Russell bodies of the "medusa" form inside Mott cells in lymph node ultra-thin sections of EAE animals. Mott cells expressed the plasma cell marker CD138 and either kappa or lambda immunoglobulin light chains, indicating their origin from polyclonally activated B cells. Finally, Mott cells were associated with active EAE, as they were not found in the lymph nodes of EAE-resistant Albino Oxford rats. The presence of Russell bodies implies an excessive production of immunoglobulins in EAE, thus further emphasizing the role of B cells, and among them Mott cells, in the pathogenesis of this animal model of multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Martinovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasenka Vidicevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Darko Ciric
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Bumbasirevic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljka Stanojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Tasic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasa Petricevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isakovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cheng M, Li J, Song J, Song H, Chen Y, Tang H, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z, Wang X, Peng H. RORα is required for expansion and memory maintenance of ILC1s via a lymph node-liver axis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113786. [PMID: 38363684 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) possess adaptive immune features, which confer antigen-specific memory responses against haptens and viruses. However, the transcriptional regulation of memory ILC1 responses is currently not known. We show that retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) has high expression in memory ILC1s in murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) models. RORα deficiency diminishes ILC1-mediated CHS responses significantly but has no effect on memory T cell-mediated CHS responses. During sensitization, RORα promotes sensitized-ILC1 expansion by suppressing expression of cell-cycle repressors in draining lymph nodes. RORα programs gene-expression patterns related to cell survival and is required for the long-term maintenance of memory ILC1s in the liver. Our findings reveal RORα to be a key transcriptional factor for sensitized-ILC1 expansion and long-term maintenance of memory ILC1s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiaxi Song
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hao Song
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hao Tang
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Research Unit of NK Cell Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xianwei Wang
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- The Institute of Immunology and the Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang W, Shen T, Wang J. Analysis of the impact of radiotherapy and surgical treatment regimens based on the SEER database on the survival outcomes of rectal cancer patients over 70 years. Math Biosci Eng 2024; 21:4463-4484. [PMID: 38549336 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the impact of different combinations of treatment regimens, such as additional radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical treatments, on the survival of elderly rectal cancer patients ≥ 70 years of age to support physicians' clinical decision-making. METHODS Data from a sample of elderly rectal cancer patients aged ≥ 70 years diagnosed from 2005-2015 from the US surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database were retrospectively analyzed. The best cut-off point was selected using the x-tile software for the three continuity indices: age, tumor size, and number of regional lymph nodes. All patients were categorized into either the neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgery group (R_S group), the surgical treatment group (S group), or the surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy group (S_R group). The propensity score allocation was used to match each included study subject in a 1:1 ratio, and the restricted mean survival time method (RMST) was used to predict the mean survival of rectal cancer patients within 5 and 10 years. The prognostic risk factors for rectal cancer patients were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and nomograms were constructed. A subgroup stratification analysis of patients with different treatment combination regimens was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and log-rank tests were used for between-group comparisons. The model's predictive accuracy was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, correction curves, and a clinical decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS A total of 7556 cases of sample data from 2005 to 2015 were included, which were categorized into 6639 patients (87.86%) in the S group, 408 patients (5.4%) in the R_S group, and 509 patients (6.74%) in the S_R group, according to the relevant order of radiotherapy and surgery. After propensity score matching (PSM), the primary clinical characteristics of the groups were balanced and comparable. The difference in the mean survival time before and after PSM was not statistically significant in both R_S and S groups (P value > 0.05), and the difference in the mean survival time after PSM was statistically substantial in S_R and S groups (P value < 0.05). In the multifactorial Cox analysis, the M1 stage and Nodes ≥ 9 were independent risk factors. An age between 70-75 was an independent protective factor for patients with rectal cancer in the R_S and S groups. The Marital_status, T4 stage, N2 stage, M1 stage, and Nodes ≥ 9 were independent risk factors for patients with rectal cancer in the S_R and S groups, and an age between 70-81 was an independent protective factor. The ROC curve area, the model C index, and the survival calibration curve suggested good agreement between the actual and predicted values of the model. The DCA for 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival periods indicated that the model had some potential for application. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed no significant difference in the overall survival (OS) between elderly patients who received neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgery and those who received surgery alone; elderly patients who received surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy had some survival benefits compared with those who received surgery alone, though the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy was not significant. Therefore, radiotherapy for rectal cancer patients older than 70 years old should be based on individual differences in condition, and a precise treatment plan should be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tongping Shen
- School of Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Angeles, Philippines
| | - Jiaming Wang
- School of Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sánchez-Carvajal JM, Vera-Salmoral E, Huerta B, Galán-Relaño Á, Ruedas-Torres I, Larenas-Muñoz F, Luque I, Carrasco L, Gómez-Laguna J. Droplet digital PCR as alternative to microbiological culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection in bovine lymph node tissue samples. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1349999. [PMID: 38469351 PMCID: PMC10925636 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1349999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) remains a significant concern for public health. Direct real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) are proposed as alternative tools to enhance diagnostic precision and efficiency. This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of a ddPCR assay targeting IS6110 for the detection of MTC DNA in both microbiological culture and fresh lymph node (LN) tissue samples obtained from cattle, in comparison with the established reference standard, the microbiological culture followed by real-time PCR. Methods The fresh LNs (N=100) were collected each from a different cattle carcass at the slaughterhouse. The limit of detection of ddPCR-IS6110 was set to 101 copies per 20 μl reaction. Results DdPCR-IS6110 detected 44 out of 49 reference-standard positive samples and yielded negative results in 47 out of 51 reference-standard negative samples, resulting in adjusted sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of 90.76% [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.58 - 98.96%)], and 100% (95% CI: 100%) respectively. The estimated adjusted false negative rate (FNR) was 9.23% (95% CI: 1.04 - 17.42%) and the false positive rate (FPR) was 0% (95% CI: 0%). When directly applied from fresh bovine LN tissues, ddPCR-IS6110 identified 47 out of 49 reference-standard positive samples as ddPCR-IS6110-positive and 42 out of 51 reference-standard negative samples as ddPCR-IS6110-negative, resulting in adjusted Se and Sp values of 94.80% [95% (CI): 88.52 - 100%] and 100% (95% CI: 100%), respectively. The adjusted FNR was 5.20% (95% CI: 0 - 11.50%) and the FPR was 0% (95% CI: 0%). Noteworthy, ddPCR-IS6110 disclosed as positive 9 samples negative to reference-standard. Discussion DdPCR-IS6110 proved to be a rapid, highly sensitive, and specific diagnostic tool as an alternative to reference-standard method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José María Sánchez-Carvajal
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Vera-Salmoral
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), University of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Belén Huerta
- Department of Animal Health, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), University of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Galán-Relaño
- Department of Animal Health, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), University of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inés Ruedas-Torres
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Larenas-Muñoz
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Luque
- Department of Animal Health, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), University of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Librado Carrasco
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Unidad de Investigación Competitiva (UIC) Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cambiaso-Daniel J, Luze H, Meschnark S, Fink J, Schreiver I, Rappl T, Goessler W, Kotzbeck P, Kamolz LP. Tattoo Pigment Biokinetics in vivo in a 28-Day Porcine Model: Elements Undergo Fast Distribution to Lymph Nodes and Reach Steady State after 7 Days. Dermatology 2024; 240:304-311. [PMID: 38402858 PMCID: PMC10997244 DOI: 10.1159/000536126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pigments of tattoo inks may over time migrate to other parts of the body. Inks kinetics are still poorly understood and little studied. The aim of this first study was to investigate the kinetics of tattoo inks pigment in tattooed porcine skin, which is closer to human skin than mouse skin studied in the past. METHODS Three animals were tattooed on the inner thigh and one animal served as untreated control. Skin biopsies were taken on days 7, 14, and 28 after tattooing. Animals were sacrificed on day 28 and homogenate samples of the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain, as well the local lymph nodes were prepared. All samples were analyzed for ink components using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The ink itself was characterized by dynamic light scattering and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass analysis. RESULTS Titanium (212 g/kg), copper (6 mg/kg), aluminum (1 mg/kg), zirconium (1 mg/kg), and chromium (3 mg/kg) were found in the ink. Significant deposits of ink elements were detected in the tattooed skin when compared to non-tattooed skin from the same animal (mean ± standard deviation: titanium 240 ± 81 mg/kg, copper 95 ± 39 mg/kg, aluminum 115 ± 63 mg/kg, zirconium 23 ± 12 mg/kg, and chromium 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/kg; p < 0.05). Lymph node concentrations of titanium, copper, aluminum, zirconium, and chromium were 42 ± 2 mg/kg, 69 ± 25 mg/kg, 49 ± 18 mg/kg, 0.3 ± 0.2 mg/kg, 0.5 ± 0.2 mg/kg, respectively. CONCLUSION Deposits in skin were unchanged from days 7-28 indicating no redistribution or elimination. No significant deposits of ink elements were found in the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain. In conclusion, our findings confirmed distribution of elements from tattoos to regional lymph nodes, but neither to excretory organs, e.g., liver and kidney, nor to spleen and brain. Thus systemic internal organ exposure was not found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janos Cambiaso-Daniel
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hanna Luze
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Meschnark
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry for Health and Environment, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fink
- COREMED – Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Ines Schreiver
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Dermatotoxicology Study Centre, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Rappl
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry for Health and Environment, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shepherd NA. Macroscopic pathology and all that: a personal view. J Clin Pathol 2024; 77:157-163. [PMID: 38123351 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
I hope that this treatise adds to the excellent reviews by Varma and colleagues, emphasising the importance of accurate macroscopic assessment and report provision. I have especially highlighted the importance of not divorcing the clinical data and the macroscopic analysis from the microscopic assessment as all are required to provide an accurate and cogent overall composition. The review has also identified areas where the evolution of pathological practice has gone a little awry and requires to be modified and/or justified with evidence base. There is also an emphasis on block economy, as there is no doubt that considerable savings can be made if more attention is paid to more judicious block selection. It is also commended that subspecialties other than gastrointestinal pathology introduce reporting quality standards, like lymph node harvest numbers and other important prognostic and management indicators, to improve the quality of macroscopic pathology worldwide to the benefit of our service users and their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Shepherd
- Gloucestershire Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kikuchi K, Tahara N, Fukumoto Y. Benign hypermetabolic lymph nodes after COVID-19 vaccination. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e258936. [PMID: 38359956 PMCID: PMC10875504 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-258936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Division of Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Drakes DJ, Abbas AM, Shields J, Steinbuck MP, Jakubowski A, Seenappa LM, Haqq CM, DeMuth PC. Lymph Node-Targeted Vaccine Boosting of TCR T-cell Therapy Enhances Antitumor Function and Eradicates Solid Tumors. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:214-231. [PMID: 38270373 PMCID: PMC10835214 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)-modified T-cell therapies have shown promise against solid tumors, but overall therapeutic benefits have been modest due in part to suboptimal T-cell persistence and activation in vivo, alongside potential tumor antigen escape. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to enhance the in vivo persistence and function of TCR T cells through combination with Amphiphile (AMP) vaccination including cognate TCR T peptides. AMP modification improves lymph node targeting of conjugated tumor immunogens and adjuvants, thereby coordinating a robust T cell-activating endogenous immune response. AMP vaccine combination with TCR T-cell therapy led to complete eradication and durable responses against established murine solid tumors refractory to TCR T-cell monotherapy. Enhanced antitumor efficacy was correlated with simultaneous in vivo invigoration of adoptively transferred TCR T cells and in situ expansion of the endogenous antitumor T-cell repertoire. Long-term protection against tumor recurrence in AMP-vaccinated mice was associated with antigen spreading to additional tumor-associated antigens not targeted by vaccination. AMP vaccination further correlated with pro-inflammatory lymph node transcriptional reprogramming and increased antigen presenting-cell maturation, resulting in TCR T-cell expansion and functional enhancement in lymph nodes and solid tumor parenchyma without lymphodepletion. In vitro evaluation of AMP peptides with matched human TCR T cells targeting NY-ESO-1, mutant KRAS, and HPV16 E7 illustrated the clinical potential of AMP vaccination to enhance human TCR T-cell proliferation, activation, and antitumor activity. Taken together, these studies provide rationale and evidence to support clinical evaluation of combining AMP vaccination with TCR T-cell therapies to augment antitumor activity.
Collapse
|
50
|
Yu SC. Kikuchi disease and COVID-19 vaccination. Am J Clin Pathol 2024; 161:206-207. [PMID: 37824747 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
|