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Oh JS, Kim GY, Kim SH, Lee SH, Park YH, Kim JH, Chon MK. Novel percutaneous technique for creation of porcine model of tricuspid regurgitation via two routes. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241233524. [PMID: 38497134 PMCID: PMC10946071 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241233524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an experimental porcine model of tricuspid regurgitation using two induction routes: the inferior vena cava and superior vena cava. METHODS Tricuspid regurgitation was generated using the loop wire cutting method. The tricuspid regurgitation jet direction was controlled by accessing the valve through the inferior (n = 7) or superior (n = 6) vena cava. The occurrence, direction, and progression of tricuspid regurgitation were assessed postoperatively, and echocardiography was performed at 4 to 6 weeks. Right heart dilatation was assessed using computed tomography after 6 weeks. RESULTS Moderate to severe or torrential tricuspid regurgitation occurred immediately after the procedure in 12 of 13 animals. The jet was directed toward the septum in five of seven animals in the inferior vena cava group and toward the posterolateral side in four of six animals in the superior vena cava group. The dimensions of the right heart (right atrium, ventricle, and tricuspid valve annulus) were significantly enlarged at the 4- to 6-week follow-up echocardiographic examination and confirmed to be enlarged by computed tomography, independent of the route used. CONCLUSION The loop wire cutting method successfully induced a disease model of tricuspid regurgitation while controlling the regurgitation jet direction via two procedural routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Soo Oh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ga Yun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - June Hong Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Min Ku Chon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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Ji C, Zhang Z, Xu X, Song D, Zhang D. Hyperlipidemia impacts osteogenesis via lipophagy. Bone 2023; 167:116643. [PMID: 36513279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the impact of hyperlipidemia on bone tissue homeostasis is unclear, and the role of lipophagy is yet to be investigated. This study investigated changes in lipophagy and osteogenesis levels under hyperlipemic conditions and explored the effects of lipophagy on bone regeneration. In vivo, femurs of mice with diet-induced moderate hyperlipidemia were ground out with a ball drill to create defects. In vitro, mouse osteoblast cell lines were grown in two different concentrations of the high-fat medium. We found that at hyperphysiological of lipid conditions, activation of lipophagy restored osteoblast function in a way, and similar results were observed in mice with diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Still, at suprahyperphysiological concentrations of lipid culture, the activation of lipophagy further inhibited osteogenesis, and inhibition of autophagy instead promoted osteogenesis to a small extent. These results demonstrate that lipophagy functions differently in diverse high-fat environments, suggesting that cellular and organismal changes in response to high-fat stimuli are dynamic. This may provide new ideas for improving bone dysfunction caused by lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghao Ji
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China; Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwei Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China; Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China; Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Dawei Song
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongjiao Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China; Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
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Arita GS, Vincenzi Conrado PC, Sakita KM, Vilugron Rodrigues-Vendramini FA, Faria DR, Kioshima ES, de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça P, Estivalet Svidzinski TI. Serial systemic candidiasis alters Candida albicans macromorphology associated with enhancement of virulence attributes. Microb Pathog 2022; 164:105413. [PMID: 35066070 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is one of the major pathogens found in superficial and invasive infections. This fungus expresses several virulence factors and fitness attributes that are essential to the pathogenesis. In our previous study using a murine model of serial systemic candidiasis, virulence of the recovered C. albicans was enhanced and several virulence factors were also modified after five successive passages through mice (P1-P5). In this study, we aimed to correlate the different fungal morphologies, as well as the filamentation, invasion, and stress resistance abilities, of the cells recovered after passing through this model of infection with our previous findings regarding virulence. We obtained two colony morphology types from the recovered cells, differing in their peripheral filamentation. The morphotype 1, which presented zero to five filaments in the colony edge, was higher in P2, while morphotype 2, which presented more than five filaments in the colony edge, was predominant from P3 to P5. In general, morphotype 1 showed similar levels regarding filamentation in serum, invasion of agar and cells, and resistance to osmotic, oxidative, and thermal stress in all passages analyzed. The morphotype 2, however, exhibited an enhancement in these abilities over the passages. We observed an accordance with the increased virulence over the passages obtained in our previous study and the increased adaptability profile of morphotype 2. Therefore, we suggest that the behavior observed previously in the pathogenesis and virulence could be attributed, at least in part, to the greater presence and ability of morphotype 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia Sayuri Arita
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Mayumi Sakita
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Daniella Renata Faria
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erika Seki Kioshima
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Christodoulou-Vafeiadou E, Geka C, Ntari L, Kranidioti K, Argyropoulou E, Meier F, Armaka M, Mourouzis I, Pantos C, Rouchota M, Loudos G, Denis MC, Karagianni N, Kollias G. Ectopic bone formation and systemic bone loss in a transmembrane TNF-driven model of human spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:232. [PMID: 33023659 PMCID: PMC7542121 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transmembrane-TNF transgenic mouse, TgA86, has been shown to develop spontaneously peripheral arthritis with signs of axial involvement. To assess similarity to human spondyloarthritis, we performed detailed characterization of the axial, peripheral, and comorbid pathologies of this model. METHODS TgA86 bone pathologies were assessed at different ages using CT imaging of the spine, tail vertebrae, and hind limbs and characterized in detail by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography and electrocardiography and bone structural parameters by μCT analysis. The response of TgA86 mice to either early or late anti-TNF treatment was evaluated clinically, histopathologically, and by μCT analysis. RESULTS TgA86 mice developed with 100% penetrance spontaneous axial and peripheral pathology which progressed with time and manifested as reduced body weight and body length, kyphosis, tail bendings, as well as swollen and distorted hind joints. Whole-body CT analysis at advanced ages revealed bone erosions of sacral and caudal vertebrae as well as of sacroiliac joints and hind limbs and, also, new ectopic bone formation and eventually vertebral fusion. The pathology of these mice highly resembled that of SpA patients, as it evolved through an early inflammatory phase, evident as enthesitis and synovitis in the affected joints, characterized by mesenchymal cell accumulation, and neutrophilic infiltration. Subsequently, regression of inflammation was accompanied by ectopic bone formation, leading to ankylosis. In addition, both systemic bone loss and comorbid heart valve pathology were evident. Importantly, early anti-TNF treatment, similar to clinical treatment protocols, significantly reduced the inflammatory phase of both the axial and peripheral pathology of TgA86 mice. CONCLUSIONS The TgA86 mice develop a spontaneous peripheral and axial biphasic pathology accompanied by comorbid heart valvular dysfunction and osteoporosis, overall reproducing the progression of pathognomonic features of human spondyloarthritis. Therefore, the TgA86 mouse represents a valuable model for deciphering the role of transmembrane TNF in the pathogenic mechanisms of spondyloarthritis and for assessing the efficacy of human therapeutics targeting different phases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Florian Meier
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marietta Armaka
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', 34 Alexander Fleming Street, 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Pantos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Maritina Rouchota
- BioEmission Technology Solutions (BIOEMTECH), Attica Technology Park N.C.S.R. "DEMOKRITOS", Athens, Greece
| | - George Loudos
- BioEmission Technology Solutions (BIOEMTECH), Attica Technology Park N.C.S.R. "DEMOKRITOS", Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George Kollias
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC), 'Alexander Fleming', 34 Alexander Fleming Street, 16672, Vari, Greece. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
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Wang R, Zhang JY, Lu KH, Lu SS, Zhu XX. Efficient generation of GHR knockout Bama minipig fibroblast cells using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:784-792. [PMID: 31456163 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dwarfism, also known as growth hormone deficiency (GHD), is a disease caused by genetic mutations that result in either a lack of growth hormone or insufficient secretion of growth hormone, resulting in a person's inability to grow normally. In the past, many studies focusing on GHD have made use of models of other diseases such as metabolic or infectious diseases. A viable GHD specific model system has not been used previously, thus limiting the interpretation of GHD results. The Bama minipig is unique to Guangxi province and has strong adaptability and disease resistance, and an incredibly short stature, which is especially important for the study of GHD. In addition, studies of GHR knockout Bama minipigs and GHR knockout Bama minipig fibroblast cells generated using CRISPR/Cas9 have not been previously reported. Therefore, the Bama minipig was selected as an animal model and as a tool for the study of GHD in this work. In this study, a Cas9 plasmid with sgRNA targeting the first exon of the GHR gene was transfected into Bama minipig kidney fibroblast cells to generate 22 GHR knockout Bama minipig kidney fibroblast cell lines (12 male monoclonal cells and 10 female monoclonal cells). After culture and identification, 11 of the 12 male clone cell lines showed double allele mutations, and the rate of positive alteration of GHR was 91.67%. Diallelic mutation of the target sequence occurred in 10 female clonal cell lines, with an effective positive mutation rate of 100%. Our experimental results not only showed that CRISPR/Cas9 could efficiently be used for gene editing in Bama minipig cells but also identified a highly efficient target site for the generation of a GHR knockout in other porcine models. Thus, the generation of GHR knockout male and female Bama fibroblast cells could lay a foundation for the birth of a future dwarfism model pig. We anticipate that the "mini" Bama minipig will be of improved use for biomedical and agricultural scientific research and for furthering our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of GHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ke-Huan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Sheng-Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xiang-Xing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China. .,Guangdong Center of Gene Editing Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
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Kim DK, Park J, Han D, Yang J, Kim A, Woo J, Kim Y, Mook-Jung I. Molecular and functional signatures in a novel Alzheimer's disease mouse model assessed by quantitative proteomics. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:2. [PMID: 29338754 PMCID: PMC5771139 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. To understand the pathological mechanisms underlying AD, developing animal models that completely encompass the main features of AD pathologies is indispensable. Although mouse models that display pathological hallmarks of AD (amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, or both) have been developed and investigated, a systematic approach for understanding the molecular characteristics of AD mouse models is lacking. Methods To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the contribution of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in AD pathogenesis, we herein generated a novel animal model of AD, namely the AD-like pathology with amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles (ADLPAPT) mice. The ADLPAPT mice carry three human transgenes, including amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1, and tau, with six mutations. To characterize the molecular and functional signatures of AD in ADLPAPT mice, we analyzed the hippocampal proteome and performed comparisons with individual-pathology transgenic mice (i.e., amyloid or neurofibrillary tangles) and wild-type mice using quantitative proteomics with 10-plex tandem mass tag. Results The ADLPAPT mice exhibited accelerated neurofibrillary tangle formation in addition to amyloid plaques, neuronal loss in the CA1 area, and memory deficit at an early age. In addition, our proteomic analysis identified nearly 10,000 protein groups, which enabled the identification of hundreds of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in ADLPAPT mice. Bioinformatics analysis of DEPs revealed that ADLPAPT mice experienced age-dependent active immune responses and synaptic dysfunctions. Conclusions Our study is the first to compare and describe the proteomic characteristics in amyloid and neurofibrillary tangle pathologies using isobaric label-based quantitative proteomics. Furthermore, we analyzed the hippocampal proteome of the newly developed ADLPAPT model mice to investigate how both Aβ and tau pathologies regulate the hippocampal proteome. Because the ADLPAPT mouse model recapitulates the main features of AD pathogenesis, the proteomic data derived from its hippocampus has significant utility as a novel resource for the research on the Aβ-tau axis and pathophysiological changes in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13024-017-0234-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Joonho Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Jinhee Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Ahbin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Woo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea. .,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.
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