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Wu J, Li T, Mao G, Cha X, Fei S, Miao B. The involvement of Pellino-1 downregulation in the modulation of visceral hypersensitivity via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the rat fastigial nucleus. Neurosci Lett 2022; 787:136815. [PMID: 35901910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder whose key characteristics include chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH) and abnormal brain-gut interactions. Pellino-1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediating the degradation or modification of targeted proteins. Some brain regions, such as the fastigial nucleus (FN), may play important roles in CVH; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not clear. In this study, we assessed the roles of Pellino-1 within the FN in modulating VH by generating a colorectal distention (CRD) model in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results showed that the downregulation of Pellino-1 in the fastigial nucleus (FN) was involved in the modulation of visceral hypersensitivity. The expression of Pellino-1 was downregulated in the FN of adult CRD rats compared with control rats, whereas TLR4 and NF-κB were upregulated in the CRD model. To overexpress Pellino-1, a lentivirus specifically expressing Pellino-1 and green fluorescent protein was administered into the FN. The overexpression of Pellino-1 increased the visceral sensitivity of CRD rats, and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB increased further. After administration of TAK-242 (a specific TLR4 inhibitor), the visceral response to overexpression of Pellino-1 was reversed. Overall, the findings indicated the involvement of the FN in the development of CVH; the downregulation of Pellino-1 in the FN acted through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway to protect against CVH in a CRD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guangtong Mao
- Department of Pathology, Xinyi People's Hospital, 16 Renmin Road, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuli Cha
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sujuan Fei
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Bei Miao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wu H, Zhan K, Rao K, Zheng H, Qin S, Tang X, Huang S. Comparison of five diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rat models in the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112811. [PMID: 35303570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis is known to be essential for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). In order to evaluate the effects of IBS-D rat models (the central sensitization model, the peripheral sensitization model and the compound model) on the BGM axis, five models were induced in Wistar rats with 4% acetic acid (AD, dissolved 0.4 ml of AD in 9.6 ml of ultrapure water) + wrap restrain stress (WRS), 4% AD, colorectal distention (CRD), WRS, and neonatal maternal separation (NMS). Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scale scores and the moisture content of feces (MCF) were evaluated on the day of completing modeling. Body weight was measured every 7 days during modeling. Brain gut peptides, cytokine levels, the activity of spinal cord neurons, intestinal mucosal barrier function, and gut microbiota were determined after induction of IBS-D. We found intervention with 4% AD + WRS, 4% AD, CRD, WRS, and NMS induced a similar course of effects on the BGM axis. Among the five models, AWR scores (60 mmHg, 80 mmHg) were all increased. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, corticotropin-releasing factor, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related protein in serum rapidly increased, whereas that of neuropeptide Y decreased. C-fos in the spinal cord showed increased neuronal activity. The intestinal permeability was increased and the composition and structure of gut microbiota were changed. In conclusion, the five models could cause changes in BGM axis, but the 4% AD + WRS model was closer to the changes BGM axis of post-inflammatory models of IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomeng Wu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kai Zhan
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kehan Rao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shumin Qin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Shaogang Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China; Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, China.
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Miao B, Mao G, Wu J, Zhao B, Shi H, Fei S. Protective effect of HCN2-induced SON sensitization on chronic visceral hypersensitivity in neonatal-CRD rat model. Brain Res 2021; 1767:147538. [PMID: 34052259 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal brain-gut interactions contribute to the development of chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH), which is the pivotal feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Despite the consensus with respect to the vital role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 2 (HCN2) channels in promoting painful symptoms in the peripheral nervous system, we identified that the upregulation of HCN2 in supraoptic nucleus (SON) was involved in the modulation of CVH in rat model of neonatal colorectal distention (n-CRD). Specifically, colorectal distention (CRD) upregulated the expression of c-Fos in SON in adult CVH rats, indicating the involvement of SON sensitazation in visceral sensation. Moreover, the administration of ZD7288 (the pan-HCN channel inhibitor) rather than 8-Br-cAMP (the non-specific HCN channel agonist) aggravated the CVH symptoms and reduced the phosphorylation level of CaMKII-CREB cascade. Together, the findings indicated that the upregulation of supraoptic HCN2 contributed to the sensitization of SON, which had protective effects on the modulation of CVH with the involvement of CaMKII-CREB cascade in n-CRD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guangtong Mao
- Department of Pathology, Xinyi People's Hospital, 16 Renmin Road, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Benhuo Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hengliang Shi
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Sujuan Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wang Z, Guo Y, Mayer EA, Holschneider DP. Sex differences in insular functional connectivity in response to noxious visceral stimulation in rats. Brain Res 2019; 1717:15-26. [PMID: 30974090 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Insular cortex (INS) plays a critical role in pain processing and shows sex differences in functional activation during noxious visceral stimulation. Less is known regarding functional interactions within the INS and between this structure and other parts of the brain. Cerebral blood flow mapping was performed using [14C]-iodoantipyrine perfusion autoradiography in male and female rats during colorectal distension (CRD) or no distension (controls). Forty regions of interest (ROIs) were defined anatomically to represent the granular, dysgranular, and agranular INS along the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis. Inter-ROI correlation matrices were calculated for each group to characterize intra-insular functional connectivity (FC). Results showed a clear FC segregation within the INS into an anterior (rostral to bregma +2.4 mm), a posterior (caudal to bregma -1.2 mm), and a mid INS subregion in between. Female controls showed higher FC density compared to males. During CRD, intra-insular FC density decreased greatly in females, but only modestly in males, with a loss of long-range connections between the anterior and mid INS noted in both sexes. New functional organization was characterized in both sexes by a cluster in the mid INS and primarily short-range FC along the A-P axis. Seed correlation analysis during CRD showed sex differences in FC of the anterior and mid agranular INS with the medial prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and brainstem areas (periaqueductal gray, parabrachial nucleus), suggesting sex differences in the modulatory aspect of visceral pain processing. Our findings suggest presence of substantial sex differences in visceral pain processing at the level of the insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Yumei Guo
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, G Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Daniel P Holschneider
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Departments of Neurology, Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Nakaya K, Nagura Y, Hasegawa R, Ito H, Fukudo S. Dai-Kenchu-To, a Herbal Medicine, Attenuates Colorectal Distention-induced Visceromotor Responses in Rats. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 22:686-693. [PMID: 27095743 PMCID: PMC5056579 DOI: 10.5056/jnm15190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Dai-kenchu-to (DKT), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, is known to increase gastrointestinal motility and improve ileal function. We tested our hypotheses that (1) pretreatment with DKT would block the colorectal distention-induced visceromotor response in rats, and (2) pretreatment with DKT would attenuate colorectal distention-induced adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release and anxiety-related behavior. Methods Rats were pretreated with vehicle or DKT (300 mg/kg/5 mL, per os). Visceromotor responses were analyzed using electromyography in response to colorectal distention (10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mmHg for 20 seconds at 3-minutes intervals). Anxiety-related behavior was measured during exposure to an elevated-plus maze after colorectal distention. Plasma ACTH and serum corticosterone levels were measured after exposure to the elevated-plus maze. Results Colorectal distention produced robust contractions of the abdominal musculature, graded according to stimulus intensity, in vehicle-treated rats. At 40, 60, and 80 mmHg of colorectal distention, the visceromotor responses of DKT-treated rats was significantly lower than that of vehicle-treated rats. At 80 mmHg, the amplitude was suppressed to approximately one-third in DKT-treated rats, compared with that in vehicle-treated rats. Smooth muscle compliance and the velocity of accommodation to 60 mmHg of stretching did not significantly differ between the vehicle-treated and DKT-treated rats. Similarly, the DKT did not influence colorectal distention-induced ACTH release, corticosterone levels, or anxiety-related behavior in rats. Conclusions Our results suggest that DKT attenuates the colorectal distention-induced visceromotor responses, without increasing smooth muscle compliance, ACTH release or anxiety-related behavior in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Nakaya
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yohko Nagura
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryoko Hasegawa
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ito
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin Fukudo
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Nozu T, Kumei S, Miyagishi S, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Colorectal distention induces acute and delayed visceral hypersensitivity: role of peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor and interleukin-1 in rats. J Gastroenterol 2015; 50:1153-61. [PMID: 25808230 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-015-1070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies evaluating visceral sensation measure visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distention (CRD). However, CRD itself induces visceral sensitization, and little is known about the detailed characteristics of this response. The present study tried to clarify this question. METHODS VMR was determined by measuring abdominal muscle contractions as a response to CRD in rats. The CRD set consisted of two isobaric distentions (60 mmHg for 10 min twice, with a 30-min rest), and the CRD set was performed on two separate days, i.e., days 1 and 3, 8. RESULTS On day 1, VMR to the second CRD was increased as compared with that to the first CRD, which is the acute sensitization. VMR to the first CRD on day 3 returned to the same level as that to the first CRD on day 1, and total VMR, i.e., the whole response to the CRD set, was not different between day 1 and day 3. However, total VMR was significantly increased on day 8 as compared with that on day 1, suggesting CRD induced the delayed sensitization. Intraperitoneally administered astressin (200 µg/kg), a corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist, at the end of the first CRD blocked the acute sensitization, but anakinra (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, did not modify it. Astressin (200 µg/kg, twice before CRD on day 8) did not alter the delayed sensitization, but anakinra (20 mg/kg, twice) abolished it. CONCLUSIONS CRD induced both acute sensitization and delayed sensitization, which were mediated through peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor and interleukin-1 pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Shima Kumei
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Saori Miyagishi
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takakusaki
- Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
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Abstract
AIM: To observe how acupuncture stimulation influences the visceral nociception in rat and to clarify the interactions between acupuncture or somatic input and visceral nociceptive inputs in the spinal dorsal horn. These will provide scientific base for illustrating the mechanism of acupuncture on visceral pain.
METHODS: Experiments were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats and the visceral nociceptive stimulus was generated by colorectal distention (CRD). Unit discharges from individual single neuron were recorded extracellularly with glass-microelectrode in L1-3 spinal dorsal horn. Acupuncture stimulation was applied at contralateral heterotopic acupoint and ipsilateral homotopic acupoint, both of which were innervated by the same segments that innervate also the colorectal-gut.
RESULTS: The visceral nociception could be inhibited at the spinal level by the heterotopic somatic mechanical stimulation and acupuncture. The maximal inhibition was induced by acupuncture or the somatic noxious stimulation at spinal dorsal horn level with inhibiting rate of 68.61% and 60.79%, respectively (P<0.01 and <0.001). In reversible spinalized rats (cervical-thoracic cold block) both spontaneous activity and responses to CRD increased significantly in 16/20 units examined, indicating the existence of tonic descending inhibition. The inhibition of acupuncture on the noxious CRD disappeared totally in the reversible spinalized rats (P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The inputs of noxious CRD and acupuncture may interact at the spinal level. The nociceptive visceral inputs could be inhibited by acupuncture applied to hetero-topic acupoint. The effect indicates that the spinal dorsal horn plays a significant role in mediating the inhibition of acupuncture and somatic stimulation on the neuronal response to the noxious visceral stimulation and the inhibition is modulated by upper cervical cord and/or supra-spinal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, 16 Nanxiaojie of Dongzhimen, Beijing 100700, China
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