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Yang J, Yang X, Yang H, Bai Y, Zha H, Jiang F, Meng Y. Interleukin 6 in follicular fluid reduces embryo fragmentation and improves the clinical pregnancy rate. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:1171-1176. [PMID: 32189182 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01737-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of interleukin 6 in embryo development in the in vitro fertilization cycles. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study. One hundred and three women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer due to a tubal factor were included in the study. The follicular fluid IL-6 levels on oocyte retrieval day from each patient were determined by ELISA. The relationships between follicular fluid IL-6 levels and IVF cycle parameters were investigated. RESULTS The levels of follicular fluid IL-6 were not affected by the use of drugs for superovulation or by estrogen. In addition, follicular fluid IL-6 levels did not affect the number of oocytes retrieved or the MII oocyte rate. High levels of follicular fluid IL-6 correlated with a significant increase in the rates of clinical pregnancy. Follicular fluid IL-6 levels did not affect the cell number or the blastomere symmetry of day 3 embryos, but it did significantly reduce the embryo fragmentation rate. CONCLUSIONS High levels of follicular fluid IL-6 improved the rates of clinical pregnancy and reduce embryo fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hao Zha
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fangjie Jiang
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yushi Meng
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan Province, China.
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Kim SG, Kim YY, Park JY, Kwak SJ, Yoo CS, Park IH, Sun HG, Kim JW, Lee KH, Park HD, Chi HJ. Early fragment removal on in vitro fertilization day 2 significantly improves the subsequent development and clinical outcomes of fragmented human embryos. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2018; 45:122-128. [PMID: 30202742 PMCID: PMC6125149 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2018.45.3.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether fragment removal on in vitro fertilization (IVF) day 2 improved the subsequent development and pregnancy outcomes of fragmented embryos compared to similar-grade embryos without fragment removal. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis involving 191 IVF cycles in which all embryos had over 10% fragmentation (grade 3 or 4) on day 2 of the IVF-embryo transfer cycle from March 2015 to December 2017. IVF cycles were divided into the fragment removal group (n=87) and the no fragment removal group (n=104) as a control cohort. Before fragment removal, embryos with fragmentation on day 2 were incubated in Ca2+- and Mg2+-free biopsy medium under paraffin oil for 30 minutes. Microsurgical fragment removal was performed with later-assisted hatching and a handmade suction micropipette that had an outer diameter of 30 µm. Results There were no significant differences in the characteristics of the patients between the control and the fragment removal groups. After fragment removal and subsequent in vitro culture for 24 hours, the number of blastomeres (7.1±1.7 vs. 6.9±1.6) was comparable between the transferred embryos in the two groups, but the morphological grade of the embryos in the fragment removal group (1.9±0.7) was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.1±0.5, p<0.01). The clinical pregnancy (43.7%) and implantation rates (25.8%) in the fragment removal group were significantly higher than those in the control group (28.8% and 14.0%, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion Early fragment removal on day 2 significantly improved the subsequent development and pregnancy outcomes of fragmented embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Gi Kim
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | | | - Su-Jin Kwak
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | | | - Il-Hae Park
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hong-Gil Sun
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | | | - Hum-Dai Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee-Jun Chi
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
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Zhang SP, Lu CF, Gong F, Xie PY, Hu L, Zhang SJ, Lu GX, Lin G. Polar body transfer restores the developmental potential of oocytes to blastocyst stage in a case of repeated embryo fragmentation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:563-571. [PMID: 28190214 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the developmental potential of human reconstructed oocytes after polar body genome transfer (PBT) and to report the case of a woman with multiple cycles of severe embryo fragmentation. METHODS Fresh and cryopreserved first polar bodies (PB1s) were transferred to enucleated metaphase II oocytes (PB1T), while fresh PB2s were removed from fertilized oocytes and used instead of the female pronucleus in donor zygotes. Reconstructed oocytes underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and were cultured to blastocyst. Biopsied trophectoderm cells of PBT-derived blastocysts were screened for chromosomes by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Then, cryopreserved PB1T was carried out in one woman with a history of several cycles of extensive embryo fragmentation, and the blastocysts derived from PB1T were screened for aneuploidy but not transferred to the patient. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the rates of normal fertilization and blastocyst formation between fresh and cryopreserved PB1T and control oocytes. Of the three fresh and three cryopreserved PB1T-derived blastocysts, two and one blastocysts exhibited normal diploidy respectively. In contrast, 17 PB2 transfers yielded 16 two pronuclei (2PN) zygotes with one normal and one small-sized pronucleus each and no blastocyst formation. In the female patient, 18 oocytes were inseminated by ICSI in the fourth cycle and the PB1s were biopsied. Although the embryos developed from the patient's own oocytes showed severe fragmentation, the oocytes reconstructed after PB1T produced three chromosomally normal blastocysts. CONCLUSIONS Normal blastocysts can develop from human reconstructed oocytes after PB1T. The application of the first PB transfers may be beneficial to patients with a history of poor embryo development and excessive fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Fu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Gong
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Ping-Yuan Xie
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Shun-Ji Zhang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Guang-Xiu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China. .,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China. .,Key laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China. .,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China.
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Halvaei I, Khalili MA, Esfandiari N, Safari S, Talebi AR, Miglietta S, Nottola SA. Ultrastructure of cytoplasmic fragments in human cleavage stage embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:1677-1684. [PMID: 27614632 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to evaluate the ultrastructure of cytoplasmic fragments along with the effect of cytoplasmic fragment and perivitelline space coarse granulation removal (cosmetic microsurgery) from embryos before embryo transfer on ART outcomes. METHODS One hundred and fifty intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with male factor infertility were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into three groups of case (n = 50), sham (n = 50), and control (n = 50). Embryos with 10-50 % fragmentation were included in this study. Cosmetic microsurgery and zona assisted hatching were only performed in case and sham groups respectively. Extracted fragments were evaluated ultrastructurally by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Rates of clinical pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage, multiple pregnancies, and congenital anomaly in the three groups were also compared. RESULTS Micrographs from TEM showed that mitochondria were the most abundant structures found in the fragments along with mitochondria-vesicle complexes, Golgi apparatus, primary lysosomes, and vacuoles. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics, laboratory and clinical data, or embryo morphological features between the groups. The rate of clinical pregnancy in control, sham, and case groups had no significant differences (24, 18, and 18 %, respectively). The rates of live birth, miscarriage, multiple pregnancy, and congenital anomaly were also similar between the different groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that cosmetic microsurgery on preimplantation embryos had no beneficial effect on ART outcomes in unselected groups of patients. As mitochondria are the most abundant organelles found in cytoplasmic fragments, fragment removal should be performed with more caution in embryos with moderate fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Navid Esfandiari
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Ob-Gyn, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Somayyeh Safari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania A Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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