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Nafchi HG, Azizi Y, Halvaei I. Effect of Conditioned Medium from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Human Sperm Quality During Cryopreservation. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01505-y. [PMID: 38448740 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01505-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The cryopreservation procedure decreases sperm quality, causing certain changes at structural and molecular levels affecting fertilizing ability. We aimed to investigate the impacts of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HAd-MSCs) conditioned medium (CM) on the protection of human sperm from cryoinjury. Thirty normal semen specimens were evaluated in this study. Each specimen was separated into six groups and enhanced with varying concentrations of human Ad-MSCs-CM (0, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100%). Sperm motility, viability, morphology, apoptosis, mitochondrial potential, and lipid peroxidation, and DNA fragmentation were evaluated before freezing and after thawing. The results showed that the total motility was preserved in 10% human Ad-MSCs-CM group. Also, DNA fragmentation was significantly lower in 10% compared to 0% human Ad-MSCs-CM (63.62 ± 17.72% vs.76.46 ± 4.87%, respectively, P < 0.004). Human Ad-MSCs-CM in groups of 10, 30, 50, and 70% reduced lipid peroxidation. The normal sperm morphology rate, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis showed no significant differences across various groups. It seems that human Ad-MSCs-CM can protect the sperm parameters during the cryopreservation by decreasing cryoinjury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Ghasemian Nafchi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Baharsaadi M, Hezavehei M, Shahverdi A, Halvaei I. Evaluation of the effects of hydroxytyrosol on human sperm parameters during cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104840. [PMID: 38104853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Human sperm cryopreservation is a routine procedure in assisted reproductive technology, but it has detrimental effects on different sperm parameters due to oxidative stress. Our objective was to assess the impacts of hydroxytyrosol (HT), as an antioxidant, on human sperm parameters following cryopreservation. In the first phase, 20 normal human semen samples were cryopreserved using the rapid freezing method with different concentrations of HT including 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL. In the second phase, 20 normal semen samples were collected and cryopreserved with 50 and 100 μg/mL HT. The beneficial effects of HT were determined by evaluation of motility (computer-assisted sperm analysis; CASA), viability (Eosin-nigrosine stain), DNA integrity (sperm chromatic dispersion test, SCD), reactive oxygen species (DCF and DHE staining by flowcytometry) lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA test) and mitochondrial membrane potential (JC1 staining by flowcytometry) of sperm after cryopreservation. After thawing, sperm motility had an increasing trend in 50 and 100 μg/mL HT groups in comparison with other groups, althought the difference was not significant. However, sperm viability was significantly increased at 50 and 100 μg/mL HT. Our data also showed that sperm DNA fragmentation was significantly decreased after thawing at 100 μg/mL in comparison with 0 and 50 μg/mL HT. However, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential were not significantly different between groups. Our results showed that HT may have protective effects on the viability and DNA integrity of human sperm during the freezing-thawing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Baharsaadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Zeaei S, Zabetian Targhi M, Halvaei I, Nosrati R. High-DNA integrity sperm selection using rheotaxis and boundary following behavior in a microfluidic chip. Lab Chip 2023; 23:2241-2248. [PMID: 37010363 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01190e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rheotaxis, as one of the main natural guidance mechanisms in vivo, has been used in microfluidics to separate motile sperm. However, the lack of DNA integrity assessment and the inability to separate the cells in a specific reservoir have been the main limitations for the practical application of most of the devices using rheotaxis for sperm separation. Here, we present a microfluidic chip that can separate highly motile sperm using their inherent rheotaxis and boundary-following behavior in a network of boomerang-shaped microchannels. The device design is informed by our FEM simulation results to predict sperm trajectories. Experimental results demonstrate the device's performance to separate over 16 000 motile sperm in under 20 min, sufficient for droplet-based IVF. Separated cells are classified into two motility groups, highly motile (swimming speed > 120 μm s-1) and motile (swimming speed < 120 μm s-1). The device selects sperm with over 45%, 20%, and 80% improvement in motility, the number of highly motile sperm, and DNA integrity, respectively, suggesting promising potential for applications in assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Zeaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Ghasemian Nafchi H, Azizi Y, Amjadi F, Halvaei I. In vitro effects of plasma rich in growth factors on human teratozoospermic semen samples. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36919463 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2023.2180455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a correlation between teratozoospermia and production of reactive oxygen species leading to poor assisted reproductive techniques outcomes. This study aimed to examine the effect of plasma-rich in growth factors (PRGF) on teratozoospermic samples. Twenty-five teratozoospermic samples were included in this study. After sperm preparation, it was divided into four groups, including 0 (control), 1, 5, and 10% PRGF. Sperm motility, viability (eosin-nigrosin staining), morphology (Papanicolaou staining), DNA fragmentation (sperm chromatin dispersion test), mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 staining by flow cytometry), and lipid peroxidation (measurement of malondialdehyde, MDA) were evaluated before and after 1 h of incubation with or without PRGF. Our results showed that after 1 h of incubation, the addition of 1% PRGF improved sperm progressive motility (47.72 ± 13.76%) compared to the control group (17.36 ± 8.50%) (p < 0.001). Also, 1% PRGF preserved the sperm's total motility (77.50 ± 13.28% vs. 65.63 ± 19.03%, for 1% PRGF and control, respectively) and viability after incubation. The rate of normal sperm morphology was the same between different groups. Higher mitochondrial membrane potential and lower DNA fragmentation were also observed in sperm treated with different concentrations of PRGF compared to the control group, but the differences were non-significant. The MDA levels were significantly decreased in PRGF-treated groups compared to the control group (0.99 ± 0.62, 0.95 ± 0.33, 0.95 ± 0.79, and 1.49 ± 0.27 for 1% PRGF, 5% PRGF, 10% PRGF and control, respectively). Based on our results, it seems that PRGF incubation can improve sperm parameters and especially decrease the level of malondialdehyde as an indicator of oxidative stress, which is one of the main problems of teratozoospermic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Vatanparast M, Karimizarchi M, Halvaei I, Grazia Palmerini M, Macchiarelli G, Khalili MA. Ultrastructure of human ovarian tissues and risk of cancer cells re-implantation after transplantation to chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) following vitrification or slow freezing. Cryobiology 2023; 110:93-102. [PMID: 36417967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.11.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian follicle depletion and premature ovarian failure are significant challenges in cancer patients subjected to radio- or chemotherapy. Ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation would be an option when other fertility preservation methods are not accessible. This study aimed to analyze the structure and ultrastructure of human OTs transplanted onto chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) after cryopreservation by vitrification or slow freezing. OTs from 10 cancer patients underwent cryopreservation. CAM transplantation was done on fresh and cryopreserved OTs, to assign samples to nine study groups as follows: 1) FI-FIII = fresh, 5- and 10-days post-CAM transplantation groups; 2) VI-VIII = vitrified, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation vitrified groups; 3) SFI-SFIII: slow frozen, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation slow freezing groups. Proliferation ability, folliculogenesis, and structural and ultrastructure were analyzed. The density of primordial follicles did not change after both freezing methods, but reduced after 5 (P ≥ 0.05) and 10 days (P ≤ 0.05) post-CAM transplantation. The follicular grade significantly decreased in all transplanted tissues (P ≤ 0.0). The proliferation marker increased after cryopreservation, but reduced after transplantation (P ≤ 0.05). TEM evaluation showed better follicular ultrastructure in the fresh group, after transplantation. Stromal ultrastructure appeared more preserved after vitrification compared with slow freezing. There was no sign of malignant cell contamination after transplantation. Some follicular TEM abnormalities were found in both methods of freezing, with a better transplantation rate after vitrification. Also, enhanced follicular activation resulted in faster follicular depletion in this method. The information regarding post grafting events would improve our knowledge for longer OTs' lifespans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Vatanparast
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Karimizarchi
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Heydari A, Zabetian Targhi M, Halvaei I, Nosrati R. A novel microfluidic device with parallel channels for sperm separation using spermatozoa intrinsic behaviors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1185. [PMID: 36681743 PMCID: PMC9867731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolating high-quality motile sperm cells is considered to be the main prerequisite for a successful artificial pregnancy. Microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform capable of mimicking in-vivo environments to separate motile sperm cells and bypassing the need for the current invasive clinical sperm separation methods. In this study, the proposed microfluidic device exploits the parallelization concept through symmetry to increase both the processed sample volume and the injected flow rate compared with the previous conventional devices, which used rheotaxis as their primary method of sperm separation. Using the finite element method (FEM) and flow simulations, the trajectories of sperm cells exhibiting rheotaxis behavior were predicted inside the proposed device. Different flow rates, including 0, 0.5, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 μl/min, were experimentally injected into the device, and the effect of flow rate on the size of the hypothetical rheotaxis zone and the number of isolated sperm cells was investigated. Furthermore, it was illustrated that 100% of the isolated motile sperm cells are motile, and by manipulating the injected flow rate into the device, different classes of sperm cells in terms of motility parameters can be separated and utilized for further uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Heydari
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Iman Halvaei
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Ghasemian Nafchi H, Azizi Y, Halvaei I. The role of growth factors in human sperm parameters: A review of in vitro studies. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 20:807-818. [DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i10.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro sperm preparation/incubation and cryopreservation are associated with oxidative stress as the main cause of sperm damage, and different strategies are used to improve sperm quality in in vitro conditions to treat male infertility. Growth factors (GFs) are biological molecules that play different roles in various cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Many studies have shown that GFs and their receptors are expressed in the male reproductive system. In vitro supplementation of GFs to improve sperm parameters has yielded useful results. There are many studies on the effects of GFs on sperm quality improvement and subsequent assisted reproductive technology results. Hence, this study will review the in vitro results of various GFs including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I, and vascular endothelial growth factor to improve sperm quality.
Key words: Growth factors, Sperm, ROS, Cryopreservation, In vitro.
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Ghassemi Panah A, Zabetian Targhi M, Heydari A, Halvaei I. A novel microfluidic system to separate sperm using spermatozoa inherent motion and inertial effect. J Biomech 2022; 142:111256. [PMID: 35985073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sperm separation is an essential part of in vitro fertilization (IVF) process. In conventional procedures, the semen sample is purified from immotile and round cells using centrifugation, which may damage sperm DNA. This study aimed to design a novel microchip to separate the progressively motile spermatozoa using a passive method instead of centrifugation. This microchip is a novel, non-invasive, and two-stage device for auto-selecting the sperm used for IVF. The first stage was designed based on lateral differentiation and rapid divergence to separate the pathways of sperm and round cells. The second stage separates high-quality sperm based on their inherent motion. Before experimenting with fresh human semen samples, preliminary tests were performed using standard particles. The results showed that at the optimized flow rate for separation (1.7 ml/h), the concentration of progressively motile spermatozoa at outlet was significantly increased compared with the initial sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Heydari
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Feyzmanesh S, Halvaei I, Baheiraei N. Alginate Effects on Human Sperm Parameters during Freezing and Thawing: A Prospective Study. Cell J 2022; 24:417-423. [PMID: 36043410 PMCID: PMC9428473 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.8122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main goal was to evaluate the effects of alginate on human sperm parameters during cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, twenty-five normozoospermic samples were divided into two groups, encapsulated with 1% alginate and the control group. The samples were then frozen by rapid freezing. Different sperm parameters including motility, normal morphology, viability, acrosome reaction, and DNA integrity, were examined before freezing and after thawing. RESULTS All sperm parameters had a significant decrease after thawing compared to before freezing. Our data showed a significant decrease in sperm motility of the alginate group but sperm viability, normal morphology, and DNA fragmentation were similar between the two groups. However, the rates of intact acrosome and native DNA were significantly lower in the control group compared to the alginate group (45.12 ± 11.1 vs. 55.25 ± 10.69 and 52.2 ± 11.92 vs. 68.12 ± 10.15, respectively, P<0.05). CONCLUSION It seems that alginate can prevent premature acrosome reaction and protect sperm DNA from denaturation during the rapid freezing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Feyzmanesh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,P.O.Box: 14115-331Department of Anatomical SciencesFaculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIranP.O.Box: 14115-331Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences DivisionDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
Emails: ,
| | - Nafiseh Baheiraei
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat
Modares University, Tehran, Iran,P.O.Box: 14115-331Department of Anatomical SciencesFaculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIranP.O.Box: 14115-331Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences DivisionDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
Emails: ,
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Mirzaei J, Movahedin M, Halvaei I. Plasma-Rich in Growth Factors Ameliorates Detrimental Effects of Cryopreservation on Human Sperm: A Prospective Study. Cell J 2022; 24:330-336. [PMID: 35892237 PMCID: PMC9315212 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.8119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective Sperm cryopreservation results in damage to membrane integrity, sperm viability, sperm motility, and DNA structure. We aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on sperm parameters during the freeze-thaw process. Materials and Methods In the first phase of this prospective study, after sperm preparation, 10 normozoospermic specimens were cryopreserved by rapid freezing with different concentrations of PRGF including 0, 1, 5, and 10% to find the optimum dose. Sperm motility and viability were assessed in this phase. In the second phase of the study, based on the results of first phase, 25 normal sperm samples were frozen with 1% PRGF. All sperm parameters including motility, viability, acrosome reaction, and DNA integrity were assessed before freezing and after thawing. Results The rates of progressive and total sperm motility and viability were significantly higher in 1% PRGF compared to control, 5%, and 10% PRGF in the first phase (P<0.05). Supplementation of freezing medium with 1% PRGF could significantly improve all sperm parameters including sperm motility, viability, normal morphology, acrosome integrity, chromatin structure, chromatin integrity, DNA denaturation, and DNA fragmentation in comparison with the control group. Conclusion It appears that the supplementation of freezing medium with 1% PRGF could protect human sperm parameters during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical SciencesFaculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Danafar A, Khoradmehr A, Hosseini Bondarabadi M, Mazaheri F, Tamadon A, Pourmasoumi S, Gholizadeh L, Moshrefi M, Halvaei I, Hosseini A, Golzadeh J, Rahiminia T, Anvari M. Impairment of sperm efficiency in mice following short-term nano-titanium dioxide exposure: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 19:1045-1058. [PMID: 35098006 PMCID: PMC8792378 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i12.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are widely used in many compounds. Recent evidence has displayed some cytotoxic effects of TiO2NPs on male reproduction. Objective
The effects of TiO2NP administration on sperm parameters and chromatin and seminiferous histopathology of male mice were investigated. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 32 NMRI male mice (35 ± 3 gr, 8-12-week-old) were divided into four groups (n = 8/each): treated groups were fed orally with 2.5 (group I), 5 (group II) and 10 (group III) mg/kg/day TiO2NPs for 40 days and the control group received phosphate buffered saline. Sperm parameters, DNA integrity and chromatin quality were assessed using chromomycin A3, aniline blue, toluidine blue staining and TUNEL. Hematoxylin eosin staining was performed to measure spermatogenic cells and the total diameter of seminiferous tubules. Also, sex hormone and malondyaldehyde levels were measured. Results Abnormal sperm tails rose in group III (28.87 ± 4.91) in comparison with the control group (12.75 ± 3.95). However, chromomycin A3 staining and TUNEL showed higher levels in group III in comparison with the control group, whereas aniline blue and toluidine blue staining showed no differences. A significantly lower spermatogenesis index and lumen parameters were observed in group III. Leydig cell numbers, cellular diameters and the area of the seminiferous tubules were lower in the treated groups. The testosterone level was also lower in these groups and the percentage of malondyaldehyde in the seminal fluid was higher. Conclusion Exact mechanisms of TiO2NPs are not clear; however, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of TiO2NPs may relate to oxidative stress. Given their widespread use, TiO2NPs should be a public health focus of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, the Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Fahime Mazaheri
- Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, the Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Soheila Pourmasoumi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Lida Gholizadeh
- Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojgan Moshrefi
- Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Hosseini
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jalal Golzadeh
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Tahereh Rahiminia
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Fertility and Infertility Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Morteza Anvari
- Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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12
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Kiani M, Movahedin M, Halvaei I, Soleimani M. Formation of organoid-like structures in the decellularized rat testis. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:1523-1528. [PMID: 35317108 PMCID: PMC8917852 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.58294.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In testis, the extracellular matrix (ECM) in addition to the supportive role for cells in the seminiferous epithelium, is also essential for the accurate functioning of these cells. Thus, using a decellularized testicular ECM (DTECM), as a scaffold for three-dimensional (3D) culture of testicular cells can mimic native ECM for studying in vitro spermatogenesis. Materials and Methods The rat testis was decellularized via perfusion of 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for 48 hr, followed by 1% Triton X-100 for 6 hr, and then 1% DNase I for 1 hr. The efficiency of decellularization was evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and MTT test. The prepared scaffolds were recellularized with testicular cells and cultured and assessed with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining after two weeks. Results Based on the H&E image, no trace of cell components could be observed in DTECM. IHC images demonstrated collagen types I and IV, laminin, and fibronectin were preserved. Masson's trichrome and alcian blue staining revealed that collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were retained, and the SEM image indicated that 3D testicular architecture remained after the decellularization process. Based on the results of the MTT test, DTECM was cytocompatible, and H&E images represented that DTECM supports testicular cell arrangements in seminiferous tubule-like structures (STLSs) and organoid-like structures (OLSs). Conclusion The results showed that the applied protocol successfully decellularized the testis tissue of the rat. Therefore, these scaffolds may provide an appropriate vehicle for in vitro reconstruction of the seminiferous tubule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrafarin Kiani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Movahedin
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran ,Corresponding author: Mansoureh Movahedin. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Freeze-drying is one of the sperm preservation methods leading to the long-term preservation of sperm genetic material. Our main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the trehalose freeze-drying method on sperm motility, viability, morphology, acrosome, and DNA integrity compared with a standard protocol without trehalose. Twenty-five normozoospermic samples were included in this prospective study. Direct swim-up was used for sperm preparation. An experiment was performed on freeze-dried samples containing trehalose (0.2 M), and the results were compared to that without trehalose. The sperm parameters, including count, motility, morphology, viability, acrosome reaction, DNA denaturation, and DNA fragmentation, were evaluated before and after freeze-drying in both groups. The spermatozoa were totally immotile after freeze-drying in both groups. Sperm viability, acrosome integrity, and nondenatured sperm DNA were significantly higher in the trehalose group in comparison with that of without trehalose group. Nonfragmented sperm DNA showed an increasing trend in the trehalose group compared to the group without trehalose. While freeze-drying significantly reduced normal morphology, the addition of trehalose did not affect this parameter. The results of this study showed that trehalose can attenuate the detrimental effects of freeze-drying on human sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Shahmoradi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Baheiraei
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Omidi M, Halvaei I, Akyash F, Khalili MA, Agha-Rahimi A, Heydari L. The exact synchronization timing between the cleavage embryo stage and duration of progesterone therapy-improved pregnancy rates in frozen embryo transfer cycles: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:227-234. [PMID: 33842819 PMCID: PMC8023006 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i3.8570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synchronization between the embryonic stage and the uterine endometrial lining is important in the outcomes of the vitrified-warmed embryo transfer (ET) cycles. Objective The aim was to investigate the effect of the exact synchronization between the cleavage stage of embryos and the duration of progesterone administration on the improvement of clinical outcomes in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Materials and Methods 312 FET cycles were categorized into two groups: (A) day-3 ET after three days of progesterone administration (n = 177) and (B) day-2 or -4 ET after three days of progesterone administration (n = 135). Group B was further divided into two subgroups: B1: day-2 ET cycles, that the stage of embryos were less than the administrated progesterone and B2: day-4 ET cycles, that the stage of embryos were more than the administrated progesterone. The clinical outcome measures were compared between the groups. Results The pregnancy outcomes between groups A and B showed a significant differences in the chemical (40.1% vs 27.4%; p = 0.010) and clinical pregnancies (32.8% vs 22.2%; p = 0.040), respectively. The rate of miscarriage tended to be higher and live birth rate tended to be lower in group B than in group A. Also, significantly higher rates were noted in chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth in group A when compared with subgroup B2. Conclusion Higher rates of pregnancy and live birth were achieved in day-3 ET after three days of progesterone administration in FET cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Omidi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Akyash
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azam Agha-Rahimi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Leila Heydari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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15
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Halvaei I, Litzky J, Esfandiari N. Advanced paternal age: effects on sperm parameters, assisted reproduction outcomes and offspring health. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:110. [PMID: 33183337 PMCID: PMC7664076 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many factors, including postponement of marriage, increased life expectancy, and improved success with assisted reproductive technologies have been contributing to increased paternal age in developed nations. This increased average paternal age has led to concerns about adverse effects of advanced paternal age on sperm quality, assisted reproductive outcomes, and the health of the offspring conceived by older fathers. This review discusses the association between advanced paternal age and sperm parameters, assisted reproduction success rates, and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Julia Litzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Navid Esfandiari
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Medical Center, Larner College of Medicine, 111 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT, 05401, USA.
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Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi M, Abbasifard M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V, Abrams EM, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abushouk AI, Acebedo A, Ackerman IN, Adabi M, Adamu AA, Adebayo OM, Adekanmbi V, Adelson JD, Adetokunboh OO, Adham D, Afshari M, Afshin A, Agardh EE, Agarwal G, Agesa KM, Aghaali M, Aghamir SMK, Agrawal A, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi M, Ahmadieh H, Ahmadpour E, Akalu TY, Akinyemi RO, Akinyemiju T, Akombi B, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Alam S, Alam T, Alanzi TM, Albertson SB, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Alema NM, Ali M, Ali S, Alicandro G, Alijanzadeh M, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Almasi-Hashiani A, Alonso J, Al-Raddadi RM, Altirkawi KA, Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Amini S, Amini-Rarani M, Aminorroaya A, Amiri F, Amit AML, Amugsi DA, Amul GGH, Anderlini D, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansari I, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonio CAT, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anvari D, Anwer R, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aravkin AY, Ariani F, Ärnlöv J, Aryal KK, Arzani A, Asadi-Aliabadi M, Asadi-Pooya AA, Asghari B, Ashbaugh C, Atnafu DD, Atre SR, Ausloos F, Ausloos M, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Aynalem YA, Azari S, Azarian G, Azene ZN, Babaee E, Badawi A, Bagherzadeh M, Bakhshaei MH, Bakhtiari A, Balakrishnan S, Balalla S, Balassyano S, Banach M, Banik PC, Bannick MS, Bante AB, Baraki AG, Barboza MA, Barker-Collo SL, Barthelemy CM, Barua L, Barzegar A, Basu S, Baune BT, Bayati M, Bazmandegan G, Bedi N, Beghi E, Béjot Y, Bello AK, Bender RG, Bennett DA, Bennitt FB, Bensenor IM, Benziger CP, Berhe K, Bernabe E, Bertolacci GJ, Bhageerathy R, Bhala N, Bhandari D, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bibi S, Biehl MH, Bikbov B, Bin Sayeed MS, Biondi A, Birihane BM, Bisanzio D, Bisignano C, Biswas RK, Bohlouli S, Bohluli M, Bolla SRR, Boloor A, Boon-Dooley AS, Borges G, Borzì AM, Bourne R, Brady OJ, Brauer M, Brayne C, Breitborde NJK, Brenner H, Briant PS, Briggs AM, Briko NI, Britton GB, Bryazka D, Buchbinder R, Bumgarner BR, Busse R, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LLAA, Campos-Nonato IR, Car J, Cárdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Castle CD, Castro F, Catalá-López F, Causey K, Cederroth CR, Cercy KM, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chang AR, Charlson FJ, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi S, Chimed-Ochir O, Chin KL, Cho DY, Christensen H, Chu DT, Chung MT, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Collins EL, Compton K, Conti S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cousin E, Cowden RG, Cowie BC, Cromwell EA, Cross DH, Crowe CS, Cruz JA, Cunningham M, Dahlawi SMA, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, Daryani A, Das JK, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Davletov K, De Leo D, Dean FE, DeCleene NK, Deen A, Degenhardt L, Dellavalle RP, Demeke FM, Demsie DG, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dereje ND, Dervenis N, Desai R, Desalew A, Dessie GA, Dharmaratne SD, Dhungana GP, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Dingels ZV, Dirac MA, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dokova K, Dorostkar F, Doshi CP, Doshmangir L, Douiri A, Doxey MC, Driscoll TR, Dunachie SJ, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Eagan AW, Ebrahimi Kalan M, Edvardsson D, Ehrlich JR, El Nahas N, El Sayed I, El Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, Elgendy IY, Elhabashy HR, El-Jaafary SI, Elyazar IRF, Emamian MH, Emmons-Bell S, Erskine HE, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilnejad S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Etemadi A, Etisso AE, Farahmand M, Faraj A, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Farinha CSES, Farioli A, Faro A, Faruque M, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Feldman R, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferrari AJ, Ferreira ML, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Fitzgerald R, Flohr C, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Force LM, Fornari C, Foroutan M, Fox JT, Freitas M, Fu W, Fukumoto T, Furtado JM, Gad MM, Gakidou E, Galles NC, Gallus S, Gamkrelidze A, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gardner WM, Geberemariyam BS, Gebrehiwot AM, Gebremedhin KB, Gebreslassie AAAA, Gershberg Hayoon A, Gething PW, Ghadimi M, Ghadiri K, Ghafourifard M, Ghajar A, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Ghiasvand H, Ghith N, Gholamian A, Gilani SA, Gill PS, Gitimoghaddam M, Giussani G, Goli S, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Gorman TM, Gottlich HC, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Grivna M, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Gugnani HC, Guimaraes ALS, Guimarães RA, Guled RA, Guo G, Guo Y, Gupta R, Haagsma JA, Haddock B, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hafiz A, Hagins H, Haile LM, Hall BJ, Halvaei I, Hamadeh RR, Hamagharib Abdullah K, Hamilton EB, Han C, Han H, Hankey GJ, Haro JM, Harvey JD, Hasaballah AI, Hasanzadeh A, Hashemian M, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Havmoeller RJ, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari B, Heidari G, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Hendrie D, Henrikson HJ, Henry NJ, Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Hird TR, Hoek HW, Hole MK, Holla R, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hoy DG, Hsairi M, Hsieh VCR, Hu G, Huda TM, Hugo FN, Huynh CK, Hwang BF, Iannucci VC, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Ippolito H, Irvani SSN, Islam MM, Islam M, Islam SMS, Islami F, Iso H, Ivers RQ, Iwu CCD, Iyamu IO, Jaafari J, Jacobsen KH, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Jafari H, Jafarinia M, Jahagirdar D, Jahani MA, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Jalali A, Jalilian F, James SL, Janjani H, Janodia MD, Jayatilleke AU, Jeemon P, Jenabi E, Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Jia P, John O, John-Akinola YO, Johnson CO, Johnson SC, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joshi A, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalani H, Kalani R, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamiab Z, Kanchan T, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karim MA, Karimi SE, Kassa GM, Kassebaum NJ, Katikireddi SV, Kawakami N, Kayode GA, Keddie SH, Keller C, Kereselidze M, Khafaie MA, Khalid N, Khan M, Khatab K, Khater MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khodayari MT, Khundkar R, Kianipour N, Kieling C, Kim D, Kim YE, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kivimäki M, Kneib CJ, Knudsen AKS, Kocarnik JM, Kolola T, Kopec JA, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kuate Defo B, Kucuk Bicer B, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar P, Kumar V, Kumaresh G, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, Kyu HH, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lam JO, Lami FH, Landires I, Lang JJ, Lansingh VC, Larson SL, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lassi ZS, Lau KMM, Lavados PM, Lazarus JV, Ledesma JR, Lee PH, Lee SWH, LeGrand KE, Leigh J, Leonardi M, Lescinsky H, Leung J, Levi M, Lewington S, Li S, Lim LL, Lin C, Lin RT, Linehan C, Linn S, Liu HC, Liu S, Liu Z, Looker KJ, Lopez AD, Lopukhov PD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lucas TCD, Lugo A, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Ma J, MacLachlan JH, Maddison ER, Maddison R, Madotto F, Mahasha PW, Mai HT, Majeed A, Maled V, Maleki S, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manafi A, Manafi N, Manguerra H, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mantilla Herrera AM, Maravilla JC, Marks A, Martins-Melo FR, Martopullo I, Masoumi SZ, Massano J, Massenburg BB, Mathur MR, Maulik PK, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehri F, Mehta KM, Meitei WB, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mengesha MB, Mereke A, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Mihretie KM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misganaw AT, Mithra P, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohamadi E, Mohammad DK, Mohammad Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Momen NC, Monasta L, Mondello S, Mooney MD, Moosazadeh M, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morales L, Morawska L, Moreno Velásquez I, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosser JF, Mouodi S, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mueller UO, Munro SB, Muriithi MK, Musa KI, Muthupandian S, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nagel G, Naghshtabrizi B, Nair S, Nandi AK, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Nayak VC, Nazari J, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Netsere HBN, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Nguyen J, Nguyen M, Nguyen M, Nichols E, Nigatu D, Nigatu YT, Nikbakhsh R, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nomura S, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Nunez-Samudio V, Oţoiu A, Oancea B, Odell CM, Ogbo FA, Oh IH, Okunga EW, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Oluwasanu MM, Omar Bali A, Omer MO, Ong KL, Onwujekwe OE, Orji AU, Orpana HM, Ortiz A, Ostroff SM, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Øverland S, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakhare AP, Palladino R, Pana A, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Park EK, Parmar PGK, Pasupula DK, Patel SK, Paternina-Caicedo AJ, Pathak A, Pathak M, Patten SB, Patton GC, Paudel D, Pazoki Toroudi H, Peden AE, Pennini A, Pepito VCF, Peprah EK, Pereira A, Pereira DM, Perico N, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Pigott DM, Pilgrim T, Pilz TM, Pirsaheb M, Plana-Ripoll O, Plass D, Pokhrel KN, Polibin RV, Polinder S, Polkinghorne KR, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Pourmirza Kalhori R, Pourshams A, Poznańska A, Prada SI, Prakash V, Pribadi DRA, Pupillo E, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Raggi A, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat CL, Rao PC, Rao SJ, Rasella D, Rastogi P, Rathi P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Razo C, Redford SB, Reiner RC, Reinig N, Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renjith V, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei N, Rezai MS, Rezapour A, Rhinehart PA, Riahi SM, Ribeiro ALP, Ribeiro DC, Ribeiro D, Rickard J, Roberts NLS, Roberts S, Robinson SR, Roever L, Rolfe S, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rubagotti E, Rumisha SF, Sabour S, Sachdev PS, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghi M, Saeidi S, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sajadi SM, Salahshoor MR, Salamati P, Salehi Zahabi S, Salem H, Salem MRR, Salimzadeh H, Salomon JA, Salz I, Samad Z, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sathish T, Sattin D, Sbarra AN, Schaeffer 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Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Torre AE, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MRR, Tran BX, Travillian R, Troeger CE, Truelsen TC, Tsai AC, Tsatsakis A, Tudor Car L, Tyrovolas S, Uddin R, Ullah S, Undurraga EA, Unnikrishnan B, Vacante M, Vakilian A, Valdez PR, Varughese S, Vasankari TJ, Vasseghian Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vongpradith A, Vukovic A, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Walters MK, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang YP, Ward JL, Watson A, Wei J, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Weiss J, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Whiteford HA, Wiangkham T, Wiens KE, Wijeratne T, Wilner LB, Wilson S, Wojtyniak B, Wolfe CDA, Wool EE, Wu AM, Wulf Hanson S, Wunrow HY, Xu G, Xu R, Yadgir S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yaminfirooz M, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yearwood JA, Yeheyis TY, Yeshitila YG, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Yoosefi Lebni J, Younis MZ, Younker TP, Yousefi Z, Yousefifard M, Yousefinezhadi T, Yousuf AY, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zaki L, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zangeneh A, Zastrozhin MS, Zewdie KA, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhao JT, Zhao Y, Zheng P, Zhou M, Ziapour A, Zimsen SRM, Naghavi M, Murray CJL. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2020; 396:1204-1222. [PMID: 33069326 PMCID: PMC7567026 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6299] [Impact Index Per Article: 1574.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. METHODS GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. FINDINGS Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990-2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0-9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10-24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10-24 years were also in the top ten in the 25-49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50-74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. INTERPRETATION As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and development investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Murray CJL, Aravkin AY, Zheng P, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abegaz KH, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abualhasan A, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abushouk AI, Adabi M, Adekanmbi V, Adeoye AM, Adetokunboh OO, Adham D, Advani SM, Agarwal G, Aghamir SMK, Agrawal A, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi M, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MB, Akalu TY, Akinyemi RO, Akinyemiju T, Akombi B, Akunna CJ, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam S, Alam T, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alemu BW, Alhabib KF, Ali M, Ali S, Alicandro G, Alinia C, Alipour V, Alizade H, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Almasi-Hashiani A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Alonso J, Altirkawi KA, Amini-Rarani M, Amiri F, Amugsi DA, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Anderson JA, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Angus C, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonazzo IC, Antonio CAT, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anvari D, Anwer R, Appiah SCY, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Ariani F, Armoon B, Ärnlöv J, Arzani A, Asadi-Aliabadi M, Asadi-Pooya AA, Ashbaugh C, Assmus M, Atafar Z, Atnafu DD, Atout MMW, Ausloos F, Ausloos M, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Azari S, Azarian G, Azene ZN, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Bahrami MA, Bakhshaei MH, Bakhtiari A, Bakkannavar SM, Baldasseroni A, Ball K, Ballew SH, Balzi D, Banach M, Banerjee SK, Bante AB, Baraki AG, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barrero LH, Barthelemy CM, Barua L, Basu S, Baune BT, Bayati M, Becker JS, Bedi N, Beghi E, Béjot Y, Bell ML, Bennitt FB, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Berman AE, Bhagavathula AS, Bhageerathy R, Bhala N, Bhandari D, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Bin Sayeed MS, Biondi A, Birihane BM, Bisignano C, Biswas RK, Bitew H, Bohlouli S, Bohluli M, Boon-Dooley AS, Borges G, Borzì AM, Borzouei S, Bosetti C, Boufous S, Braithwaite D, Breitborde NJK, Breitner S, Brenner H, Briant PS, Briko AN, Briko NI, Britton GB, Bryazka D, Bumgarner BR, Burkart K, Burnett RT, Burugina Nagaraja S, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cahill LE, Cámera LLAA, Campos-Nonato IR, Cárdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Castro F, Causey K, Cederroth CR, Cercy KM, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chang KL, Charlson FJ, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi S, Cherbuin N, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Choi JYJ, Christensen H, Chu DT, Chung MT, Chung SC, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Classen TKD, Cohen AJ, Compton K, Cooper OR, Costa VM, Cousin E, Cowden RG, Cross DH, Cruz JA, Dahlawi SMA, Damasceno AAM, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dangel WJ, Danielsson AK, Dargan PI, Darwesh AM, Daryani A, Das JK, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Davitoiu DV, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, DeLang M, Dellavalle RP, Demeke FM, Demoz GT, Demsie DG, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dervenis N, Dhungana GP, Dianatinasab M, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dokova K, Dorostkar F, Doshmangir L, Driscoll TR, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Eagan AW, Edvardsson D, El Nahas N, El Sayed I, El Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, Elgendy IY, El-Jaafary SI, Elyazar IRF, Emmons-Bell S, Erskine HE, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilnejad S, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Etemadi A, Etisso AE, Fanzo J, Farahmand M, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Farioli A, Faro A, Faruque M, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Feldman R, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferrara G, Ferrari AJ, Ferreira ML, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Fomenkov AA, Force LM, Foroutan M, Franklin RC, Freitas M, Fu W, Fukumoto T, Furtado JM, Gad MM, Gakidou E, Gallus S, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gardner WM, Geberemariyam BS, Gebreslassie AAAA, Geremew A, Gershberg Hayoon A, Gething PW, Ghadimi M, Ghadiri K, Ghaffarifar F, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Ghiasvand H, Ghith N, Gholamian A, Ghosh R, Gill PS, Ginindza TGG, Giussani G, Gnedovskaya EV, Goharinezhad S, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Greaves F, Grivna M, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Gugnani HC, Guimarães RA, Guled RA, Guo G, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta T, Haddock B, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hafiz A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hall BJ, Halvaei I, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Hammer MS, Hankey GJ, Haririan H, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hasan MM, Hasanpoor E, Hashi A, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Havmoeller RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Henrikson HJ, Herbert ME, Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Hird TR, Hoek HW, Holla R, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD, Hossain N, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Hsieh VCR, Hu G, Hu K, Huda TM, Humayun A, Huynh CK, Hwang BF, Iannucci VC, Ibitoye SE, Ikeda N, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Ippolito H, Iqbal U, Irvani SSN, Irvine CMS, Islam MM, Islam SMS, Iso H, Ivers RQ, Iwu CCD, Iwu CJ, Iyamu IO, Jaafari J, Jacobsen KH, Jafari H, Jafarinia M, Jahani MA, Jakovljevic M, Jalilian F, James SL, Janjani H, Javaheri T, Javidnia J, Jeemon P, Jenabi E, Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Johansson L, John O, John-Akinola YO, Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalani H, Kalani R, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kanchan T, Kapoor N, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karim MA, Kassa GM, Katikireddi SV, Kayode GA, Kazemi Karyani A, Keiyoro PN, Keller C, Kemmer L, Kendrick PJ, Khalid N, Khammarnia M, Khan EA, Khan M, Khatab K, Khater MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khazaei S, Kieling C, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kivimäki M, Knibbs LD, Knudsen AKS, Kocarnik JM, Kochhar S, Kopec JA, Korshunov VA, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kraemer MUG, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kromhout H, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA, Kumar V, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lami FH, Landires I, Lang JJ, Langan SM, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lazarus JV, Lee PH, Lee SWH, LeGrand KE, Leigh J, Leonardi M, Lescinsky H, Leung J, Levi M, Li S, Lim LL, Linn S, Liu S, Liu S, Liu Y, Lo J, Lopez AD, Lopez JCF, Lopukhov PD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lu A, Lugo A, Maddison ER, Mahasha PW, Mahdavi MM, Mahmoudi M, Majeed A, Maleki A, Maleki S, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manda AL, Manguerra H, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mantilla Herrera AM, Maravilla JC, Marks A, Martin RV, Martini S, Martins-Melo FR, Masaka A, Masoumi SZ, Mathur MR, Matsushita K, Maulik PK, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehri F, Mehta KM, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mereke A, Mereta ST, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Mini GK, Miri M, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei R, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misganaw AT, Mithra P, Moazen B, Mohammad DK, Mohammad Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed AS, Mohammed H, Mohammed JA, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Mooney MD, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morawska L, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mosser JF, Mouodi S, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mueller UO, Mukhopadhyay S, Mullany EC, Musa KI, Muthupandian S, Nabhan AF, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nagel G, Naghavi M, Naghshtabrizi B, Naimzada MD, Najafi F, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Naserbakht M, Nayak VC, Negoi I, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Nguyen M, Nigatu YT, Nikbakhsh R, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nomura S, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Nunez-Samudio V, Oţoiu A, Oancea B, Odell CM, Ogbo FA, Oh IH, Okunga EW, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Omer MO, Ong KL, Onwujekwe OE, Orpana HM, Ortiz A, Osarenotor O, Osei FB, Ostroff SM, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Øverland S, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Palladino R, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Parry CDH, Pasovic M, Pasupula DK, Patel SK, Pathak M, Patten SB, Patton GC, Pazoki Toroudi H, Peden AE, Pennini A, Pepito VCF, Peprah EK, Pereira DM, Pesudovs K, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Piccinelli C, Pilz TM, Piradov MA, Pirsaheb M, Plass D, Polinder S, Polkinghorne KR, Pond CD, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Poznańska A, Prada SI, Prakash V, Pribadi DRA, Pupillo E, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiee A, Raggi A, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat CL, Rao PC, Rao SJ, Rashedi V, Rathi P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Rawat R, Razo C, Redford SB, Reiner RC, Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renjith V, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Rhinehart PA, Riahi SM, Ribeiro DC, Ribeiro D, Rickard J, Rivera JA, Roberts NLS, Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Roever L, Ronfani L, Room R, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rothenbacher D, Rubagotti E, Rwegerera GM, Sabour S, Sachdev PS, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghi M, Saeedi R, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Safari Y, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sajadi SM, Salam N, Salamati P, Salem H, Salem MRR, Salimzadeh H, Salman OM, Salomon JA, Samad Z, Samadi Kafil H, Sambala EZ, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sánchez-Pimienta TG, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sathish T, Sattin D, Saxena S, Schaeffer LE, Schiavolin S, Schlaich MP, Schmidt MI, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Senbeta AM, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Serdar B, Serre ML, Shadid J, Shafaat O, Shahabi S, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Sheikhtaheri A, Shibuya K, Shield KD, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shin MJ, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shuval K, Siabani S, Sierpinski R, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva JP, Simpson KE, Singh JA, Singh P, Skiadaresi E, Skou ST, Skryabin VY, Smith EUR, Soheili A, Soltani S, Soofi M, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soshnikov S, Soyiri IN, Spencer CN, Spotin A, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasan V, Stanaway JD, Stein C, Stein DJ, Steiner C, Stockfelt L, Stokes MA, Straif K, Stubbs JL, Sufiyan MB, Suleria HAR, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sulo G, Sultan I, Szumowski Ł, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Tabuchi T, Taherkhani A, Tajdini M, Takahashi K, Takala JS, Tamiru AT, Taveira N, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesema GA, Tessema ZT, Thurston GD, Titova MV, Tohidinik HR, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Torre AE, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MRR, Tran BX, Travillian R, Tsatsakis A, Tudor Car L, Tyrovolas S, Uddin R, Umeokonkwo CD, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Valdez PR, van Donkelaar A, Vasankari TJ, Vasseghian Y, Veisani Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Wallin MT, Wang Y, Wang YP, Watson A, Wei J, Wei MYW, Weintraub RG, Weiss J, Werdecker A, West JJ, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Whiteford HA, Wiens KE, Wolfe CDA, Wozniak SS, Wu AM, Wu J, Wulf Hanson S, Xu G, Xu R, Yadgir S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yaminfirooz M, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yeheyis TY, Yilgwan CS, Yilma MT, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Younker TP, Yousefi B, Yousefi Z, Yousefinezhadi T, Yousuf AY, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zastrozhin MS, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhao JT, Zhao XJG, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Ziapour A, Zimsen SRM, Brauer M, Afshin A, Lim SS. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2020; 396:1223-1249. [PMID: 33069327 PMCID: PMC7566194 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3234] [Impact Index Per Article: 808.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. METHODS GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk-outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk-outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk-outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. FINDINGS The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·51-12·1) deaths (19·2% [16·9-21·3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8·71 million (8·12-9·31) deaths (15·4% [14·6-16·2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253-350) DALYs (11·6% [10·3-13·1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0-9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10-24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25-49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50-74 years and 75 years and older. INTERPRETATION Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Wang H, Abbas KM, Abbasifard M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abolhassani H, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abushouk AI, Adabi M, Adair T, Adebayo OM, Adedeji IA, Adekanmbi V, Adeoye AM, Adetokunboh OO, Advani SM, Afshin A, Aghaali M, Agrawal A, Ahmadi K, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MB, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam T, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Ali M, Alicandro G, Alijanzadeh M, Alinia C, Alipour V, Alizade H, Aljunid SM, Allebeck P, Almadi MAH, Almasi-Hashiani A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Altirkawi KA, Alumran AK, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini-Rarani M, Aminorroaya A, Amit AML, Ancuceanu R, Andrei CL, Androudi S, Angus C, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansari I, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonio CAT, Antony CM, Anvari D, Appiah SCY, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aravkin AY, Aremu O, Ärnlöv J, Aryal KK, Asadi-Pooya AA, Asgari S, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Atteraya MS, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho EFGA, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Azarian G, Babaee E, Badiye AD, Bagli E, Bahrami MA, Bakhtiari A, Balassyano S, Banach M, Banik PC, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barzegar A, Basu S, Baune BT, Bayati M, Bazmandegan G, Bedi N, Bell ML, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Berman AE, Bertolacci GJ, Bhageerathy R, Bhala N, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisanzio D, Bisignano C, Biswas RK, Bjørge T, Bohlouli S, Bohluli M, Bolla SRR, Borzì AM, Borzouei S, Brady OJ, Braithwaite D, Brauer M, Briko AN, Briko NI, Bumgarner BR, Burugina Nagaraja S, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cai T, Callender CSKH, Cámera LLAA, Campos-Nonato IR, Cárdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castelpietra G, Castro F, Catalá-López F, Cederroth CR, Cerin E, Chattu VK, Chin KL, Chu DT, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Comfort H, Costa VM, Cowden RG, Cromwell EA, Croneberger AJ, Cunningham M, Dahlawi SMA, Damiani G, D'Amico E, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, Darwesh AM, Daryani A, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, Davletov K, De Leo D, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Deribe K, Dervenis N, Desai R, Dhungana GP, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Dippenaar IN, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dokova K, Doku DT, Dorostkar F, Doshi CP, Doshmangir L, Doyle KE, Dubljanin E, Duraes AR, Edvardsson D, Effiong A, El Sayed I, El Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, El-Jaafary SI, Emamian MH, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Estep K, Farahmand M, Faraj A, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazaeli AA, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferreira ML, Filip I, Fischer F, Flohr C, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Fomenkov AA, Freitas M, Fukumoto T, Fuller JE, Furtado JM, Gad MM, Gakidou E, Gallus S, Gebrehiwot AM, Gebremedhin KB, Gething PW, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Gholamian A, Gilani SA, Gitimoghaddam M, Glushkova EV, Gnedovskaya EV, Gopalani SV, Goulart AC, Gugnani HC, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta SS, Haagsma JA, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halvaei I, Hamadeh RR, Hamagharib Abdullah K, Han C, Handiso DW, Hankey GJ, Haririan H, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Hay SI, Heibati B, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Henny K, Henry NJ, Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Hole MK, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD, Hossain N, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hoy DG, Hu G, Huda TM, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Imani-Nasab MH, Islam M, Iso H, Iwu CJ, Jaafari J, Jacobsen KH, Jahagirdar D, Jahanmehr N, Jalali A, Jalilian F, James SL, Janjani H, Jenabi E, Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Jonas JB, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir Z, Kalani H, Kalankesh LR, Kamiab Z, Kanchan T, Kapoor N, Karch A, Karimi SE, Karimi SA, Kassebaum NJ, Katikireddi SV, Kawakami N, Kayode GA, Keiyoro PN, Keller C, Khader YS, Khalid N, Khan EA, Khan M, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khater MM, Khazaei S, Khazaie H, Khodayari MT, Khubchandani J, Kianipour N, Kim CI, Kim YE, Kim YJ, Kinfu Y, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kivimäki M, Komaki H, Kopec JA, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar P, Kumar V, Kusuma D, Kyu HH, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lami FH, Lansky S, Larson SL, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lassi ZS, Lazarus JV, Lee PH, Lee SWH, Leever AT, LeGrand KE, Leonardi M, Li S, Lim LL, Lim SS, Linn S, Lodha R, Logroscino G, Lopez AD, Lopukhov PD, Lotufo PA, Lozano R, Lu A, Lunevicius R, Madadin M, Maddison ER, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Mahasha PW, Mahdavi MM, Malekzadeh R, Mamun AA, Manafi N, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mapoma CC, Martini S, Martins-Melo FR, Masaka A, Mastrogiacomo CI, Mathur MR, May EA, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehri F, Mehta KM, Meitei WB, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mensah GA, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Michalek IM, Mihretie KM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Milne GJ, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misganaw AT, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohamadi E, Mohammad DK, Mohammad Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Mohammadbeigi A, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed H, Mohammed S, Mohebi F, Mohseni Bandpei MA, Mokari A, Mokdad AH, Momen NC, Monasta L, Mooney MD, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi-Joo M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Moreno Velásquez I, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosser JF, Mouodi S, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mueller UO, Musa KI, Muthupandian S, Nabavizadeh B, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Naghavi M, Naghshtabrizi B, Naik G, Najafi F, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Ndwandwe DE, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen HLT, Nguyen TH, Nigatu YT, Nikbakhsh R, Nikpoor AR, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nomura S, Noubiap JJ, Nouraei Motlagh S, Nowak C, Oţoiu A, Odell CM, Oh IH, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Omar Bali A, Ong KL, Onwujekwe OE, Ortiz A, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Øverland S, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Palladino R, Pana A, Panda-Jonas S, Park J, Pasupula DK, Patel JR, Patel SK, Patton GC, Paulson KR, Pazoki Toroudi H, Pease SA, Peden AE, Pepito VCF, Peprah EK, Pereira A, Pereira DM, Perico N, Pigott DM, Pilgrim T, Pilz TM, Piradov MA, Pirsaheb M, Pokhrel KN, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Pourshams A, Poznańska A, Prada SI, Prakash S, Preotescu L, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiei A, Raggi A, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Ram P, Ranabhat CL, Rao SJ, Rasella D, Rashedi V, Rastogi P, Rathi P, Rawal L, Remuzzi G, Renjith V, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei N, Rezai MS, Rezapour A, Rickard J, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rostamian M, Rubagotti E, Rwegerera GM, Sabour S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghi M, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Safari Y, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sajadi SM, Salahshoor MR, Salama JS, Salamati P, Salem MRR, Salimi Y, Salomon JA, Salz I, Samad Z, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sathish T, Sattin D, Saylan M, Schaeffer LE, Schiavolin S, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Sekerija M, Senbeta AM, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Serván-Mori E, Shabani M, Shahabi S, Shahbaz M, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsi M, Shamsizadeh M, Shannawaz M, Sharafi K, Sharafi Z, Sharara F, Sharma R, Shaw DH, Sheikh A, Shin JI, Shiri R, Shrime MG, Shuval K, Siabani S, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva DAS, Simonetti B, Simpson KE, Singh JA, Skiadaresi E, Skryabin VY, Soheili A, Sokhan A, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soyiri IN, Spurlock EE, Sreeramareddy CT, Stockfelt L, Stokes MA, Stubbs JL, Sudaryanto A, Sufiyan MB, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sykes BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Tadakamadla SK, Taherkhani A, Tang M, Taveira N, Taylor HJ, Teagle WL, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Teklehaimanot BF, Tessema ZT, Thankappan KR, Thomas N, Thrift AG, Titova MV, Tohidinik HR, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Tovani-Palone MRR, Traini E, Tran BX, Travillian R, Trias-Llimós S, Truelsen TC, Tudor Car L, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vakilian A, Valdez PR, Valli A, Vardavas C, Vasankari TJ, Vasconcelos AMN, Vasseghian Y, Veisani Y, Venketasubramanian N, Vidale S, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Vujcic IS, Vukovic A, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Wallin MT, Walters MK, Wang H, Wang YP, Watson S, Wei J, Weiss J, Weldesamuel GT, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Whiteford HA, Wiangkham T, Wiens KE, Wijeratne T, Wiysonge CS, Wojtyniak B, Wolfe CDA, Wondmieneh AB, Wool EE, Wu AM, Wu J, Xu G, Yamada T, Yamagishi K, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yearwood JA, Yeheyis TY, Yilgwan CS, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Yoosefi Lebni J, York HW, Younis MZ, Younker TP, Yousefi Z, Yousefinezhadi T, Yousuf AY, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zakzuk J, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zhang ZJ, Zheng P, Zhou M, Ziapour A, Murray CJL. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2020; 396:1160-1203. [PMID: 33069325 PMCID: PMC7566045 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 701] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. METHODS 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10-14 and 50-54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. FINDINGS The global TFR decreased from 2·72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2·66-2·79) in 2000 to 2·31 (2·17-2·46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134·5 million (131·5-137·8) in 2000 to a peak of 139·6 million (133·0-146·9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135·3 million (127·2-144·1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2·1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27·1% (95% UI 26·4-27·8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67·2 years (95% UI 66·8-67·6) in 2000 to 73·5 years (72·8-74·3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50·7 million (49·5-51·9) in 2000 to 56·5 million (53·7-59·2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9·6 million (9·1-10·3) in 2000 to 5·0 million (4·3-6·0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25·7%, from 6·2 billion (6·0-6·3) in 2000 to 7·7 billion (7·5-8·0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58·6 years (56·1-60·8) in 2000 to 63·5 years (60·8-66·1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019. INTERPRETATION Over the past 20 years, fertility rates have been dropping steadily and life expectancy has been increasing, with few exceptions. Much of this change follows historical patterns linking social and economic determinants, such as those captured by the GBD Socio-demographic Index, with demographic outcomes. More recently, several countries have experienced a combination of low fertility and stagnating improvement in mortality rates, pushing more populations into the late stages of the demographic transition. Tracking demographic change and the emergence of new patterns will be essential for global health monitoring. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Bahmyari R, Zare M, Sharma R, Agarwal A, Halvaei I. The efficacy of antioxidants in sperm parameters and production of reactive oxygen species levels during the freeze-thaw process: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13514. [PMID: 31967363 DOI: 10.1111/and.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of antioxidants in sperm parameters and reduction in reactive oxygen species production during the freeze-thaw process. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane central library were systematically searched. Of the 1583 articles, 23 studies were selected for data extraction. Our results show that antioxidants improved sperm progressive motility (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 1; 95% CI: 0.62, 1.38; p < .001) and viability (SMD = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.50, 1.91; p = .001) and reduced sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) production, but there was no significant improvement in total sperm motility after thawing. Acetyl-l-carnitine/l-carnitine, melatonin and catalase had a significant positive impact on progressive motility. The role of tempol and melatonin in improving viability was significant compared to other antioxidants. Moreover, a significant reduction in SDF was observed after addition of butylated hydroxytoluene, tempol and vitamin E. However, the prevention of H2 O2 production was significant only after the addition of tempol. Our overall results displayed the positive impact of antioxidants on progressive sperm motility, viability and reduction in SDF and H2 O2 production, but no significant impact of antioxidants on total sperm motility was seen during the freeze-thaw process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Bahmyari
- Department of Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Omidi M, Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Montazeri F, Kalantar SM. Quality of Blastocysts Created by Embryo Splitting: A Time-Lapse Monitoring and Chromosomal Aneuploidy Study. Cell J 2019; 22:367-374. [PMID: 31863663 PMCID: PMC6946999 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to screen the potential of human embryos to develop into expanding blastocysts
following in vitro embryo splitting and then assess the quality of the generated blastocysts based on chromosomal
characteristics and using morphokinetics.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, a total of 82 good quality cleavage-stage donated embryos (8-
14 cells) were used (24 embryos were cultured to the blastocyst stage as controls and 58 embryos underwent in
vitro splitting). After in vitro splitting, the blastomere donor and blastomere recipient embryos were named twin A and
twin B, respectively. Morphokinetics and morphological parameters were evaluated using a time-lapse system in the
blastocysts developed from twin embryos. Aneuploidy of chromosomes 13, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, X and Y were analyzed
in the twin blastocysts.
Results Following in vitro splitting, of the 116 resulting twin embryos, 80 (69%) developed to the expanded blastocyst
(EBL) stage compared to 21 (87.5%) embryos in the control group (P>0.05). The morphokinetics analysis suggested
that the developmental time-points were influenced by the in vitro splitting. Moreover, the blastocysts developed from
A and B twins had impaired morphology compared to controls. Regarding chromosome abnormalities, there was no
significant difference in the rate of aneuploidy or mosaicism between the different groups.
Conclusion This study showed that while no chromosomal abnormalities were seen, in vitro embryo splitting may
affect the embryo morphokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Omidi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Electronic Address:.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Montazeri
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Najafi L, Halvaei I, Movahedin M. Canthaxanthin protects human sperm parameters during cryopreservation. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13389. [PMID: 31402476 DOI: 10.1111/and.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Different antioxidants have been introduced to reduce oxidative stress during the cryopreservation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of canthaxanthin on human sperm parameters during the freeze-thaw process. This study was performed on 25 normozoospermic semen samples dividing into five groups including 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 25 µM of canthaxanthin. The prepared spermatozoa were cryopreserved by rapid freezing technique. Sperm motility, viability (eosin-nigrosin), morphology (Papanicolaou), acrosome reaction (double staining), DNA denaturation (acridine orange), chromatin packaging (aniline blue and toluidine blue), and DNA fragmentation (sperm chromatin dispersion test) were evaluated before freezing and after thawing. All sperm parameters after thawing significantly were decreased compared to before freezing. Twenty-five micromolar canthaxanthin could significantly improve the progressive and total motility, viability, normal morphology, chromatin packaging, acrosome integrity and DNA denaturation and fragmentation. Ten micromolar canthaxanthin significantly improved total motility, viability, normal morphology, chromatin packaging, acrosome integrity and DNA denaturation and fragmentation. Whereas, in 1 µM group, there were significant differences only in improvement of acrosome integrity, chromatin packaging (toluidine blue) and DNA denaturation and fragmentation. But, in 0.1 µM group, there were no significant differences in any of measured parameters. It seems that canthaxanthin ameliorates detrimental effects of cryopreservation on human sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Najafi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Movahedin
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Taheri F, Alemzadeh Mehrizi A, Khalili MA, Halvaei I. The influence of ovarian hyperstimulation drugs on morphometry and morphology of human oocytes in ICSI program. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:205-210. [PMID: 29673662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the influences of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) drugs using recombinant follicular stimulating hormone (rFSH) versus human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) on morphometry and morphology of MII oocytes in ICSI cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, 363 MII oocytes from 50 ICSI cycles with male factor infertility were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups according to the protocols of COH: I- rFSH and II- hMG. The immature oocytes were excluded from the study. All oocytes were categorized into four morphological groups of normal, and those with single, double, or multiple defects. The inclusive morphometrical criteria were: areas and diameters of oocyte, ooplasm, and zona pellucida (ZP). Also, circumferences of oocyte and ooplasm were assessed. RESULTS The ZP area and ooplasm diameter for both normal and abnormal oocytes were significantly higher in group I (P: .05; P: .028, respectively) compared to group II (P: .023; P: .003, respectively). In abnormal oocytes, ooplasm diameter was higher in group I compared to group II. Furthermore, ooplasm area for abnormal oocytes was significantly higher in group I compared to group II. There was an increasing trend for number of mature oocytes, in abnormal oocytes, for group I (5.53 ± 3.1) in comparison with group II (4.4 ± 2.97; P = .25). The rate of oocytes with normal morphology was significantly higher in hMG, when compared to rFSH groups. CONCLUSION Morphometrical parameters were increased in rFSH group, but the normal morphology of oocytes were significantly enhanced in hMG group. Treatment with proper dosage of ovulation induction drugs may enhance the number of normal sized oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Taheri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Yazd Institute for Reproductive Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Yazd Institute for Reproductive Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Embryo micromanipulation was developed after introduction of microinjection to overcome infertility. Embryo micromanipulation may be performed at any embryo stage from pronuclear to blastocyst. The technique started out as basic and turned out to be increasingly more complex. Embryo micromanipulation at the cleavage-stage includes a wide range of techniques, from opening the zona pellucida in order to improve the chance of implantation, to removing detrimental components from the embryo to enhance embryo development or blastomeres for preimplantation genetic diagnosis and embryo splitting. Evaluating the impact(s) of different micromanipulation techniques on epigenetics of the embryo and considering quality control during these techniques are important issues in this regard. This review aims to discuss the micromanipulation of cleavage-stage embryos in clinical assisted reproductive technology (ART). ABBREVIATIONS ART: assisted reproductive technology; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVF: in vitro fertilization; PGD: preimplantation genetic diagnosis; PZD: partial zona dissection; ZP: zona pellucida; SUZI: subzonal insemination; PVS: perivitelline space; AH: assisted hatching; LAH: laserassisted hatching; ZT: zona thinning; UV: ultraviolet; IR: infrared; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; FISH: fluorescent in situ hybridization; NGS: next generation sequencing; QC: quality control; QA: quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- a Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Shahin Ghazali
- b Department of Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch , Sanandaj , Iran
| | - Stefania A Nottola
- c Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics , La Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- d Research and Clinical Center for Infertility , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
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Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Ghazali S, Razi MH. Performing ICSI with commercial microinjection pipettes enhanced pregnancy rates. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:801-805. [PMID: 28618725 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1512-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Many technical factors can affect intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. The role of the injection micropipette could be of vital importance in ICSI programs. The main goal was to compare ICSI pregnancy outcomes between commercial and home-made injection micropipettes in a large population with male factor infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five-hundred and eleven ICSI cycles with severe male factor were included in this retrospective study. ICSI cycles were divided into two groups: A (home-made micropipettes, n = 267) and B (commercial micropipettes, n = 244). Rates of fertilization, embryo formation, and chemical and clinical pregnancies were compared between the groups. The independent samples t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used, whenever appropriate, for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 3621 MII oocytes were retrieved, of which 2003 were fertilized. The rate of normal fertilization was significantly higher in group A (57.9%) compared to group B (52.5%). However, the rate of embryo formation showed an increase in group B compared to group A (90.4% and 85.9%, respectively, P = 0.002). In addition, the clinical pregnancy outcomes improved in group B. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that clinical pregnancy improves when commercial injection micropipettes are used in ICSI programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Ghazali
- Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Razi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Talebi AR, Ghasemzadeh J, Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Fesahat F. Sperm chromatin quality and DNA integrity in partial versus total globozoospermia. Andrologia 2017; 50. [PMID: 28517043 DOI: 10.1111/and.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Globozoospermia is a severe form of teratozoospermia with low incidence in infertile patients, considered as one of the important causes of male infertility. The objective was to investigate the chromatin/DNA integrity as well as apoptosis in ejaculated spermatozoa of cases with partial or total globozoospermia. Fifty-seven semen samples were divided into three groups of partial globozoospermia (n = 17), total globozoospermia (n = 10) and normozoospermia (control; n = 30). Sperm chromatin condensation, DNA integrity and apoptosis were assessed using cytochemical assays. The results showed significant differences in sperm parameters of count and motility between two case groups versus controls. The percentages of spermatozoa with abnormal chromatin packaging and protamine deficiency were significantly higher in total and partial globozoospermic men compared to normozoospermic samples. Also, the rates of TUNEL-positive spermatozoa were significantly increased in both globozoospermic cases with respect to the control (18.3 ± 10.1 and 12.3 ± 9.2 versus 5.9 ± 3 respectively). However, no significant differences were noticed between two subgroups of patients with regard to sperm DNA denaturation, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Abnormal chromatin packaging, DNA damage and apoptosis were significantly higher in cases than controls. The sperm chromatin/DNA anomalies may be considered as one of the main aetiology of ART failure in globozoospermic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Talebi
- Recurrent Abortion Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - J Ghasemzadeh
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - M A Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - I Halvaei
- Departments of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Fesahat
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Sabour M, Khoradmehr A, Kalantar SM, Danafar AH, Omidi M, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ghasemi- Esmailabad S, Talebi AR. Administration of high dose of methamphetamine has detrimental effects on sperm parameters and DNA integrity in mice. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Sabour M, Khoradmehr A, Kalantar SM, Danafar AH, Omidi M, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Talebi AR. Administration of high dose of methamphetamine has detrimental effects on sperm parameters and DNA integrity in mice. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017; 15:161-168. [PMID: 28580449 PMCID: PMC5447833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (MA) was shown to have harmful effects on male reproductive system. OBJECTIVE To investigate probable effects of daily administration of MA on sperm parameters and chromatin/DNA integrity in mouse. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-five NMRI male mice were divided into five groups including low, medium, and high dosage groups which were injected intraperitoneally with 4, 8 and 15 mg/kg/day for 35 days, respectively. Normal saline was injected in sham group and no medications were used in control group. Then, the mice were killed and caudal epididymis of each animal was cut and placed in Ham's F10 medium for sperm retrieval. To evaluate sperm chromatin abnormalities, the aniline blue, toluidine blue and chromomycine A3 were used. For sperm DNA integrity and apoptosis, the acridine orange, sperm chromatin dispersion, and TUNEL assay were applied. For sperm morphology, Papanicolaou staining was done. RESULTS Normal morphology and progressive motility of spermatozoa decreased in medium and high dosage groups in comparison with the control group (p=0.035). There was a significant increase in rate of aniline blue, toluidine blue, and chromomycine A3 positive spermatozoa in high dosage group. In a similar manner, there was an increase in rates of acridine orange, TUNEL and sperm chromatin dispersion positive sperm cells in high dosage group with respect to others. CONCLUSION MA abuse in a dose-dependent manner could have detrimental effects on male reproductive indices including sperm parameters and sperm chromatin/DNA integrity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Sabour
- Islamic Azad University of Ashkhezar, Yazd, Iran.
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Danafar
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Marjan Omidi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Saeed Ghasemi-Esmailabad
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Sohrevardi SM, Nosouhi F, Hossein Khalilzade S, Kafaie P, Karimi-Zarchi M, Halvaei I, Mohsenzadeh M. Evaluating the effect of insulin sensitizers metformin and pioglitazone alone and in combination on women with polycystic ovary syndrome: An RCT. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016; 14:743-754. [PMID: 28331909 PMCID: PMC5203689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia may play a role in pathogenesis of PCOS. One of the common therapeutic methods is using insulin-sensitizing drugs such as metformin and thiazolidinediones. OBJECTIVE The purpose was to determine the effect of metformin and pioglitazone on clinical, hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty four women randomly received one of the following for 3 months: metformin (n=28) (500 mg three times a day), pioglitazone (30 mg daily) (n=28) and combination of both metformin and pioglitazone (n=28) (30 mg/day pioglitazone plus 500 mg metformin three times a day). Hormonal profile, fasting serum insulin, body weight, body mass index, menstrual status and waist to hip ratio were evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS Metformin and pioglitazone and combination therapy induced favorable changes in fasting serum insulin, HOMA-IR index, QUICKI, fasting glucose to insulin ratio in women with PCOS. Body weight, BMI, and waist to hip ratio increased significantly after treatment with pioglitazone but the data were similar after administration of metformin or combination therapy. Total testosterone level decreased significantly only after treatment with metformin. After 3 months in patients who received pioglitazone or combination therapy, menstrual cycles became regular in 71.4% and 73.9% respectively. While menstrual improvement happened only in 36.4% of the patients treated with metformin. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that insulin-sensitizing drugs induce beneficial effect in insulin resistance and menstrual cyclicity but only metformin ameliorated hyperandrogenemia in women with PCOS. Treatment with combination of metformin and pioglitazone did not show more benefit than monotherapy with each drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mojtaba Sohrevardi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Fahime Nosouhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Saeed Hossein Khalilzade
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Parichehr Kafaie
- Department of Dermatology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mojgan Karimi-Zarchi
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.,Recurrent Abortion Research Center, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mohsenzadeh
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Jarahzadeh MH, Halvaei I, Rahimi-Bashar F, Behdad S, Abbasizadeh Nasrabady R, Yasaei E. The role of ventilation mode using a laryngeal mask airway during gynecological laparoscopy on lung mechanics, hemodynamic response and blood gas analysis. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016; 14:755-760. [PMID: 28066834 PMCID: PMC5203690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are two methods for ventilation in gynecological laparoscopy: volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV). OBJECTIVE To compare the lung mechanics, hemodynamic response and arterial blood gas analysis and gas exchange of two modes of VCV and PCV using laryngeal mask airway (LMA) at different time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty infertile women referred for diagnostic laparoscopy, based on ventilation mode, were randomly divided into two groups of VCV (tidal volume: 10 ml/kg) and PCV. In the PCV group, ventilation was initiated with a peak airway pressure (tidal volume: 10 ml/kg, upper limit: 35 cm H2O). In both groups, the arterial blood samples were taken in several time intervals (5, 10 and 15 min after LMA insertion) for blood gas evaluation. Also the lung mechanics parameters were continuously monitored and were recorded at different time intervals. RESULTS There were no significant differences for patient's age, weight, height and BMI in two groups. The peak and plateau airway pressure were significantly higher in VCV group compared to PCV group 5 and 10 min after insertion of LMA. PaO2 was significantly higher after 10 and 15 min in VCV group compared to PCV group (p=0.005 and p=0.03, respectively). PaCO2 showed significant increase after 5 min in PCV group, but the differences were not significant after 10 and 15 min in two groups. The end tidal CO2 showed significant increase after 10 and 15 min in VCV compared to PCV group. CONCLUSION Both VCV and PCV seem to be suitable for gynecological laparoscopy. However, airway pressures are significantly lower in PCV compared to VCV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshid Rahimi-Bashar
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Behdad
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | - Elahe Yasaei
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Jarahzadeh MH, Halvaei I, Rahimi-Bashar F, Behdad S, Abbasizadeh Nasrabady R, Yasaei E. The role of ventilation mode using a laryngeal mask airway during gynecological laparoscopy on lung mechanics, hemodynamic response and blood gas analysis. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.14.12.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Sohrevardi SM, Nosouhi F, Khalilzade SH, Kafaie P, Karimi-Zarchi M, Halvaei I, Mohsenzadeh M. Evaluating the effect of insulin sensitizers metformin and pioglitazone alone and in combination on women with polycystic ovary syndrome: An RCT. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.14.12.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Halvaei I, Khalili MA, Esfandiari N, Safari S, Talebi AR, Miglietta S, Nottola SA. Ultrastructure of cytoplasmic fragments in human cleavage stage embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:1677-1684. [PMID: 27614632 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to evaluate the ultrastructure of cytoplasmic fragments along with the effect of cytoplasmic fragment and perivitelline space coarse granulation removal (cosmetic microsurgery) from embryos before embryo transfer on ART outcomes. METHODS One hundred and fifty intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with male factor infertility were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into three groups of case (n = 50), sham (n = 50), and control (n = 50). Embryos with 10-50 % fragmentation were included in this study. Cosmetic microsurgery and zona assisted hatching were only performed in case and sham groups respectively. Extracted fragments were evaluated ultrastructurally by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Rates of clinical pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage, multiple pregnancies, and congenital anomaly in the three groups were also compared. RESULTS Micrographs from TEM showed that mitochondria were the most abundant structures found in the fragments along with mitochondria-vesicle complexes, Golgi apparatus, primary lysosomes, and vacuoles. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics, laboratory and clinical data, or embryo morphological features between the groups. The rate of clinical pregnancy in control, sham, and case groups had no significant differences (24, 18, and 18 %, respectively). The rates of live birth, miscarriage, multiple pregnancy, and congenital anomaly were also similar between the different groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that cosmetic microsurgery on preimplantation embryos had no beneficial effect on ART outcomes in unselected groups of patients. As mitochondria are the most abundant organelles found in cytoplasmic fragments, fragment removal should be performed with more caution in embryos with moderate fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Navid Esfandiari
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Ob-Gyn, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Somayyeh Safari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania A Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Halvaei I, Khalili MA, Nottola SA. A novel method for transmission electron microscopy study of cytoplasmic fragments from preimplantation human embryos. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:459-62. [PMID: 27016380 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the main tool for exploring the intracellular damage and organelle distribution. The cause of producing embryo cytoplsamic fragmentation is not completely understood. Since the fragments have detrimental effects on embryo development, the ultrastructural analysis of fragments may play an important role in fragmentation etiology and in embryo development as well. There are no studies regarding the ultrastructure of fragments in transferable embryos, because the preparation for TEM is not vital and embryos are discarded inevitably. This study aims to introduce a new method for ultrastructural evaluation of fragments without damaging the human cleaving embryos. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:459-462, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Stefania A Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Safian F, Khalili MA, Khoradmehr A, Anbari F, Soltani S, Halvaei I. Survival Assessment of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos After Exposure to Cell Phone Radiation. J Reprod Infertil 2016; 17:138-43. [PMID: 27478766 PMCID: PMC4947200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using cellular phone has rapidly increased all over the world. Also, the concern on the possible health hazards of electromagnetic fields (EMF) induced from cell phones to reproduction has been growing in many countries. The aim of this study was to assess the consequences and effects of exposure to the cell phone radiation on the quality and survival rates of preimplantation embryos in mice. METHODS A total of 40 mice (20 females and 20 males), 6 weeks old and sexually mature BALB/c, were used for control and experimental groups. The ovary burses were removed and the zygotes were dissected in the morning after mating. Next, 2-cell embryos were divided into two groups of control (n=150) and experimental (n=150). EMF (900-1800 MHz) was used for four days in experimental group for 30 min/day in culture at 37°C in a CO 2 incubator. The quality of embryos was recorded daily and the fluorescent staining was used for identification of viable blastocysts. All data were compared by Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). RESULTS The rate of embryo survival to the blastocysts stage was similar in both groups. However, the percentage of dead embryos at the 2-cell stage was significantly higher in EMF-exposed group compared with controls (p=0.03). Also, the loss of cell viability significantly increased in experimental blastocysts (p=0.002). CONCLUSION The normal embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage indicates that EMF-exposure commonly did not have adverse effect on embryo development in mice. But, it caused loss of blastocysts cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Safian
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Corresponding Author: Mohammad Ali Khalili, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Boali Ave, Safayeh, Yazd, Iran, Postal code: 8916877391, E-mail:
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Anbari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Soltani
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Anbari F, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ghazali S, Khalili MA, Johansson L. The quality of sperm preparation medium affects the motility, viability, and DNA integrity of human spermatozoa. J Hum Reprod Sci 2016; 9:254-258. [PMID: 28216914 PMCID: PMC5296830 DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.197691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The goal was to compare the effects of three different sperm preparation media on sperm motility, viability, and DNA integrity of semen samples from normozoospermic men. METHODS: A total of 15 normozoospermic males were included in the study. The semen analysis (SA) was performed in accordance with the WHO guidelines (2010). After SA, each sample was divided into three aliquots, and swim-up was performed with three different sperm preparation media (Sperm Preparation Media, Origio, Denmark; Ham's F10, Biochrome, Berlin, Germany; and VitaSperm™, Innovative Biotech, Iran). Sperm motility, viability, and DNA fragmentation were evaluated at 0, 1, 2, and 24 h after swim-up. RESULTS: There were no significant differences, at any time intervals, in the total sperm motility between the different sperm preparation media. However, the rate of progressive motility was significantly higher in spermatozoa prepared using the media from Origio in comparison with VitaSperm™ (P = 0.03), whereas no significant difference was found against Ham's F10 medium. No significant differences in sperm viability were seen between the media products. However, 1 h after swim-up, the extent of sperm DNA fragmentation was lower in the medium from Origio versus VitaSperm™ (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The data showed that the quality of medium for preparation of semen samples from normozoospermic men significantly affects the performance of spermatozoa in assisted conception programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Anbari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shahin Ghazali
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Omidi M, Halvaei I, Mangoli E, Khalili MA, Razi MH. The effect of embryo catheter loading technique on the live birth rate. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2015; 42:175-80. [PMID: 26815646 PMCID: PMC4724603 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2015.42.4.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Embryo loading (EL) is a major step in embryo transfer (ET) and affect on the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study aimed to compare the effect of two different EL techniques on the rates of pregnancy and delivery in IVF/ET cycles. Methods 207 fresh ET and 194 Frozen-thawed ET (FET) cycles were included in this retrospective study. Two groups (A and B) were defined based on the EL technique used. In group A, the entire catheter was flushed with Ham's F-10 medium. The embryos were then drawn into the catheter using one air bracket. In group B, 70 µL of air was aspirated into the syringe and the catheter was flushed using Ham's F10 medium. The medium, air, embryos, air, and finally another layer of medium were then sequentially drawn into the catheter. The main outcome measures were the pregnancy and delivery rates. Results The groups did not differ with respect to the etiology of infertility, the source of spermatozoa, the quality of the embryos, the type of EL catheter, and the ease of transfer. The pregnancy rate was similar between two groups. In fresh ET cycles, a higher delivery rate was observed in group B than it group A (78.1% vs. 60%, p=0.1). In FET cycles, the rate of delivery was significantly higher in group B than in group A to a nonsignificant extent (88.9% vs. 58.8%, p=0.06). Conclusion EL techniques did not have a significant impact on the delivery rate in either fresh or FET cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Omidi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Esmat Mangoli
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Razi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Ghasemzadeh J, Talebi AR, Khalili MA, Fesahat F, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ashourzadeh S. Sperm parameters, protamine deficiency, and apoptosis in total globozoospermia. Iran J Reprod Med 2015; 13:495-502. [PMID: 26568752 PMCID: PMC4637114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globozoospermia is a severe form of teratozoospermia (incidence < 0.1%) in infertile men that is characterized by round headed sperm and acrosomeless in semen. OBJECTIVE To compare the semen parameters, protamine deficiency, and apoptosis in ejaculated spermatozoa between globozoospermic and normozoospermic men. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty six semen samples were divided into two groups including 15 infertile men with total globozoospermic (> 90% round-headed sperm) and 21 healthy donors with normal spermograms as controls. Semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization criteria (2010). Sperm protamine deficiency was assessed using Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining and the rate of apoptotic spermatozoa was evaluated with TUNEL assay. RESULTS Sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology in globozoospermic men were significantly decreased compared with controls (p<0.05). The rate of CMA3-reacted spermatozoa (CMA3+) in globozoospermic men was higher than controls (65.93 ± 11.77 vs. 21.24 ± 7.37, respectively, p<0.0001). The rate of apoptotic spermatozoa (TUNEL positive) were significantly increased in globozoospermic cases with respect to the controls (17.60 ± 10.72 and 5.95 ± 3.02, respectively, p<0.0001). There was no significant correlation between sperm protamine deficiency and apoptosis in globozoospermic men. CONCLUSION Globozoospermic samples contain a higher proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal chromatin packaging and DNA fragmentation than normozoospermic samples. Therefore, in addition to absence of acrosome in the spermatozoa of globozoospermic patients, the high percentage of spermatozoa with immature chromatin and apoptotic marker may be considered as the other etiologies of infertility in these patients.
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Zare-Zardini H, Fesahat F, Anbari F, Halvaei I, Ebrahimi L. Assessment of spermicidal activity of the antimicrobial peptide sarcotoxin Pd: A potent contraceptive agent. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2015; 21:15-21. [PMID: 26052043 DOI: 10.3109/13625187.2015.1052395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In searching for new spermicidal microbicides for use in the prevention of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) we investigated the spermicidal and cytotoxicity activities of the antimicrobial peptide sarcotoxin Pd. METHODS Washed sperm from 10 healthy, normal volunteers was treated with different concentrations of sarcotoxin Pd. Sperm motility and morphology were assessed at 0, 0.3, 5, 10 and 15 min. The cytotoxicity of sarcotoxin Pd in normal human cervical HeLa cells was measured. Percentage cell survival was expressed as the number of live cells in the test group. RESULTS The cytotoxic effect of sarcotoxin Pd was concentration-dependent. Significant cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations above 24 μg/ml. Sarcotoxin Pd immobilised 100% of spermatozoa at a dose of 90 and 80 μg/ml after 0.3 and 5 min, respectively, and immobilised 50% of spermatozoa after 15 min at lower doses. Sarcotoxin Pd inhibited sperm motility in a dose-dependent manner. The peptide immobilised sperm within 20 s at its maximal effective concentration of 90 μg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Sarcotoxin Pd appears to be a good candidate for a contraceptive agent in the prevention of unplanned pregnancy and STIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Zare-Zardini
- a Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University , Yazd , Iran.,b Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services , Yazd , Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- c Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran.,d Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Anbari
- c Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Iman Halvaei
- c Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Leila Ebrahimi
- e Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine , Tehran , Iran
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Khoradmehr A, Danafar A, Halvaei I, Golzadeh J, Hosseini M, Mirjalili T, Anvari M. Effect of prenatal methamphetamine administration during gestational days on mice. Iran J Reprod Med 2015; 13:41-8. [PMID: 25653675 PMCID: PMC4306984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (MA) is one of most common illicit drugs which were reported that nearly half of MA consumers are women. MA can cross through placenta and affects pregnancy and fetus development. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate effects of injected MA on crown-rump length, head and placental circumference, body weight, histological changes and apoptosis in fetus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four NMRI pregnant mice were randomly divided into five groups. First, second and third groups were injected intraperitoneally 10 mg/kg/day MA during gestational days (GD): GD1-7, GD8-14, and GD1-14, respectively. Forth group, as sham, was injected saline from GD1-14, and finally control which was received neither MA nor saline. On GD15 cervical dislocated pregnant mice, fetus and placenta were weighed and fetus crown-rump length was measured. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and TUNEL assay were applied to assess histological changes and apoptosis respectively. RESULTS Fetus body weight and crown-rump length showed significant decrease in third compared to first and second groups (p≤0.001). There were significant differences in head circumference in control and sham compared to third group (0.5 (0.5-0.6), 0.6 (0.5-0.8), 0.4 (0.4-0.5) cm respectively, p≤0.001). Also fetus that treated with MA showed lower placenta circumference compared to control and sham groups. Histological changes such as exencephaly, hemorrhage and immature fetus were observed in second and third groups. Apoptotic cells in second and third groups were higher than controls, but differences were not significant. CONCLUSION It seems MA abuse during pregnancy can cause morphological and histological changes in mice fetus but the exact mechanism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Danafar
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Jalal Golzadeh
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mahya Hosseini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Mirjalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Morteza Anvari
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Talebi AR, Mangoli E, Nahangi H, Anvari M, Pourentezari M, Halvaei I. Vitamin C attenuates detrimental effects of diabetes mellitus on sperm parameters, chromatin quality and rate of apoptosis in mice. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 181:32-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Khalili MA, Adib M, Halvaei I, Nabi A. Vitrification of neat semen alters sperm parameters and DNA integrity. Urol J 2014; 11:1465-1470. [PMID: 24807761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to evaluate the effect of neat semen vitrification on human sperm vital parameters and DNA integrity in men with normal and abnormal sperm parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semen samples were 17 normozoospermic samples and 17 specimens with abnormal sperm parameters. Semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Then, the smear was provided from each sample and fixed for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Vitrification of neat semen was done by plunging cryoloops directly into liquid nitrogen and preserved for 7 days. The samples were warmed and re-evaluated for sperm parameters as well as DNA integrity. Besides, the correlation between sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation was assessed pre- and post vitrification. RESULTS Cryopreserved spermatozoa showed significant decrease in sperm motility, viability and normal morphology after thawing in both normal and abnormal semen. Also, the rate of sperm DNA fragmentation was significantly higher after vitrification compared to fresh samples in normal (24.76 ± 5.03 and 16.41 ± 4.53, P = .002) and abnormal (34.29 ± 10.02 and 23.5 ± 8.31, P < .0001), respectively. There was negative correlation between sperm motility and sperm DNA integrity in both groups after vitrification. CONCLUSION Vitrification of neat ejaculates has negative impact on sperm parameters as well as DNA integrity, particularly among abnormal semen subjects. It is, therefore, recommend to process semen samples and vitrify the sperm pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Maryam Adib
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Pourmovahed Z, Yassini Ardekani SM, Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ghasemi M, Fesahat F. The comparison of anxiety and depression rate between medical staff of infertility centers and obstetrics and gynecology centers of Yazd, Shiraz, Isfahan and Kerman hospitals. Iran J Reprod Med 2014; 12:183-8. [PMID: 24799878 PMCID: PMC4009571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regarding the close and continuous interaction of infertility staff with hopeless infertile couples and in the contrary the atmosphere of happiness especially in obstetric wards make a sense that considering anxiety and depression it would be a difference between these two wards. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is the comparison of the rate of depression and anxiety between the two wards of infertility and obstetrics and gynecology. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is a descriptive-correlation study based on cross-sectional method. 199 individuals who were the staff of infertility and obstetrics and gynecology wards in four provinces enrolled in this study through stratified sampling. Data collection was done by demographic questionnaire, Spiel Berger and Beck depression inventory tests. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA test. RESULTS The result showed the rate of anxiety in obstetrics and gynecology staff of Isfahan center (54.69±13.58) and depression rate had increased level in infertility staff of Shiraz center (14.94±10.87). Overall, there was significant correlation between anxiety, depression and work place (p=0.047, 0.008 respectively). According to ANOVA test, the mean value of anxiety level was higher in the staff of four obstetrics and gynecology centers and one infertility center Conclusion: As long as we know that infertile couples have little chance for success rate and obstetrics and gynecology wards patients have little risk of failure in treatment, it could be mentioned that the anxiety and depression in the staff are not correlated with the client illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Pourmovahed
- Department of Nursing Education, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Ali Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mojdeh Ghasemi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Fanaei H, Khayat S, Halvaei I, Ramezani V, Azizi Y, Kasaeian A, Mardaneh J, Parvizi MR, Akrami M. Effects of ascorbic acid on sperm motility, viability, acrosome reaction and DNA integrity in teratozoospermic samples. Iran J Reprod Med 2014; 12:103-10. [PMID: 24799867 PMCID: PMC4009562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress in teratozoospermic semen samples caused poor assisted reproductive techniques (ART) outcomes. Among antioxidants, ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring free radical scavenger and as such its presence assists various other mechanisms in decreasing numerous disruptive free radical processes. OBJECTIVE The main goal of this study was to evaluate potential protective effects of ascorbic acid supplementation during in vitro culture of teratozoospermic specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Teratozoospermic semen samples that collected from 15 volunteers were processed, centrifuged and incubated at 37(o)C until sperm swimmed-up. Supernatant was divided into four groups and incubated at 37(o)C for one hour under different experimental conditions: Control, 10 µm A23187, 600µm ascorbic acid and 10 µm A23187+600 µm ascorbic acid. After incubation sperm motility, viability, acrosome reaction, DNA damage and malondialdehyde levels were evaluated. RESULTS Our results indicated that after one hour incubation, ascorbic acid significantly reduced malondialdehyde level in ascorbic acid group (1.4±0.11 nmol/ml) compared to control group (1.58±0.13 nmol/ml) (p<0.001). At the end of incubation, progressive motility and viability in ascorbic acid group (64.5±8.8% and 80.3±6.4%, respectively) were significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) higher than the control group (54.5±6.8% and 70.9±7.3%, respectively). A23187 significantly (p<0.0001) increased acrosome reaction in A23187 group (37.3±5.6%) compared to control group (8.5±3.2%) and this effect of A23187 attenuated by ascorbic acid in ascorbic acid+A23187 group (17.2±4.4%). DNA fragmentation in ascorbic acid group (20±4.1%) was significantly (p<0.001) lower than controls (28.9±4.6%). CONCLUSION In vitro ascorbic acid supplementation during teratozoospermic semen processing for ART could protect teratozoospermic specimens against oxidative stress, and it could improve ART outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Fanaei
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Samira Khayat
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Vahid Ramezani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Kasaeian
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jalal Mardaneh
- Prof. Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Parvizi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Akrami
- Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Halvaei I, Khalili MA, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Nabi A, Shamsi F. Zoroastrians Support Oocyte and Embryo Donation Program for Infertile Couples. J Reprod Infertil 2014; 15:222-8. [PMID: 25473631 PMCID: PMC4227980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The main goal was to evaluate the attitudes and knowledge of Zoroastrians living in Iran towards oocyte donation (OD) and embryo donation (ED) program. Methods This cross sectional study consisted of 318 Zoroastrians (n=175 for OD and n=143 for ED) of both sexes. The questionnaire form comprised two parts of general demographic characteristics of the participants and twenty multiple-choice questions about attitude and knowledge of participants towards OD and ED. For statistical analysis, the chi-square test was applied for comparison of data generated from ED and OD groups. Results Majority of the participants supported OD (69.7%) and ED (71.3%) for infertile patients. In addition, 40% and 42% preferred donation program (OD and ED, respectively), compared to adoption. About 60% of the respondents believed that the donors have no right to find the child and claim it as their own. In addition, more than half of the respondents thought that the recipients of oocyte/embryo should never know the name and address of the donors. More than half of the participants did not know whether their religion accepts donation program or not. Approximately, 80% of respondents supported psychological counseling for both donors and recipients. Moreover, about 56% of the participants necessitated the advertisement on OD/ED program in the mass media. Conclusion Our preliminary data showed that Zoroastrians supported both OD and ED program equally for infertile couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Corresponding Author: Mohammad Ali Khalili, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Bou-Ali Ave., Safayeh, Yazd, Iran. Postal address 89168-77391. E-mail:
| | - Saeed Ghasemi-Esmailabad
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farimah Shamsi
- College of Health, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Razi MH, Halvaei I, Razi Y. Laser assisted zona hatching does not improve live birth rate in patients undergoing their first ICSI cycles. Iran J Reprod Med 2013; 11:1021-6. [PMID: 24639729 PMCID: PMC3941401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routine use of assisted hatching (AH) following ICSI is a controversial issue in the literature. There are rare studies regarding the effect of laser assisted hatching (LAH) on live birth rate. OBJECTIVE Our main goal was to evaluate the effect of LAH on delivery rate as well as congenital anomaly in patients undergoing their first ICSI cycle. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 182 patients subjected to ICSI were randomly aliquot into two groups of experiment and control. In experiment group, the embryos were subjected to LAH to open a hole in ZP (about 10-12 µm) while in control group, the transferred embryos were intact with no AH. The patients were followed for clinical pregnancy and delivery rate as well as congenital anomaly. All the patients were infertile due to male factor infertility and LAH and embryo transfer were done on day 2. RESULTS Laboratory and clinical characteristics of two groups of experiment and control were the same. There were insignificant differences between two groups of experiment and control for clinical pregnancy rate (20% vs. 23.9%, respectively, p=0.3) and live birth rate (11.11% vs. 8.6%, respectively, p=0.6). Also no significant differences were observed between two groups of experiment and control for multiple pregnancy as well as congenital anomaly. CONCLUSION Routine use of LAH in first ICSI cycle for male factor patients may have no beneficial effects on clinical pregnancy and live birth rate.
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Nabi A, Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Ghasemzadeh J, Zare E. Seminal bacterial contaminations: Probable factor in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Iran J Reprod Med 2013; 11:925-32. [PMID: 24639718 PMCID: PMC3941390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that about 50% of causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) cases remain unknown. Sperm factors are suggested to have probable role in cases with RPL. OBJECTIVE The goal was to determine the possible relationship between semen bacterial contaminations with unexplained RPL. Also, the correlation between number of bacterial colony and sperm chromatin condensation was examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of 30 fertile men (group A) and 30 infertile (group B) men with unknown RPL. Semen collection and analysis were done according to WHO manuals. Sperm count and motility were evaluated by Makler chamber. Eosin-Nigrosin and Papanicolaou staining methods were applied for viability and morphology assessment, respectively. The semen samples from both groups were cultured for aerobic bacteria. Aniline blue (AB) and toluidine blue (TB) staining methods were applied for evaluating sperm chromatin condensation. RESULTS The numbers of colonies were significantly higher in group B when compared to group A. Also, S. aureus and E. coli contaminations showed significant differences between two groups. Both AB+ and TB+ sperm cells showed significant increase in group B compared to group A. There was a significant negative correlation between colony number and progressive motility (p=0.01), and sperm viability (p=0.007). In addition, positive correlations were found between colony number and AB(+) (p=0.001) and TB+ (p=0.004) as well. CONCLUSION Bacterial contaminations in semen of men from RPL couples had significantly higher levels when compared to fertile controls. Presence of microorganisms in semen may be correlated with irregular sperm parameters and quality.
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Halvaei I, Khalili MA, Razi MH, Agha-Rahimi A, Nottola SA. Impact of different embryo loading techniques on pregnancy rates in in vitro fertlization/embryo transfer cycles. J Hum Reprod Sci 2013; 6:65-9. [PMID: 23869155 PMCID: PMC3713581 DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryo transfer (ET) technique is one of the important factors of in vitro fertlization success. Among the different steps in ET technique, less attention has been given to embryo loading (EL). The aim was to compare the impact of two different techniques of EL on pregnancy rate in IVF/ET cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 144 and 170 patients were placed in groups A and B, respectively. In Group A, the embryos were drawn directly into the ET catheter from culture microdrop under the oil. In Group B, the embryos were transferred from culture microdrop into G2 medium in center-well dish. Then, the embryos were drawn into the catheter and finally transferred into the uterus. Both groups were adjusted for other parameters based on the EL technique. The main outcome measure was pregnancy rate. RESULTS There were insignificant differences for etiology of infertility, source of sperm, type of stimulation protocol, percent of IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection type of ET catheter, cycles with good quality embryos and transferred embryos between two groups. The rate of both chemical and clinical pregnancy was higher in Group B compared to A, but the difference was insignificant (P = 0.09 and P = 0.1, respectively). CONCLUSION It seems that there is no difference in the outcome by loading the embryo from microdrop or center-well dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Halvaei
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Miresmaeili SM, Halvaei I, Fesahat F, Fallah A, Nikonahad N, Taherinejad M. Evaluating the role of silver nanoparticles on acrosomal reaction and spermatogenic cells in rat. Iran J Reprod Med 2013; 11:423-430. [PMID: 24639775 PMCID: PMC3941417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles have wide range of application while there are some reports regarding their probable effects on male reproductive system and spermatozoa. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (70nm) on acrosome of rat spermatozoa and number of spermatogenic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, in experimental group, 32 male wistar rats (8 rats/group) received oral feeding AgNPs every 12 hr in one spermatogenesis period (48 days) by means of gavages in 25, 50 , 100 and 200 mg/kg concentration (experimental groups 1-4, respectively). The control group (8 rats) was treated on schedule with distilled water. Spermatozoa were stained by triple staining protocol for acrosome reaction. Histological evaluation on testis sections was performed using tissue processing and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. RESULTS There was significant difference between the control group and the experimental group 1 for acrosome reaction (11.00±0.00 and 24.25±3.68, respectively, p=0.01). There was only significant reduction in spermatogonia cells in experimental group 4. Experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 showed a significant reduction in the number of primary spermatocytes and spermatids as well as spermatozoa. But there were no significant differences between different groups for Sertoli cell number and seminiferous tubule diameter. CONCLUSION It seems that Ag NPs have acute and significant effects on spermatogenesis and number of spermatogenic cells and also on acrosome reaction in sperm cells. More experimental investigations are necessary to elucidate better conclusion regarding the safety of nanoparticles on male reproduction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Mohsen Miresmaeili
- Yazd Academic Center of Education, Culture and Research Higher Education Institute, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Iman Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Asghar Fallah
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Narges Nikonahad
- Yazd Academic Center of Education, Culture and Research Higher Education Institute, Yazd, Iran.
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Nabi A, Khalili MA, Halvaei I, Roodbari F. Prolonged incubation of processed human spermatozoa will increase DNA fragmentation. Andrologia 2013; 46:374-9. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Nabi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences; Yazd Iran
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; Faculty of Basic Sciences; University of Mazandaran; Babolsar Iran
| | - M. A. Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences; Yazd Iran
| | - I. Halvaei
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences; Yazd Iran
| | - F. Roodbari
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; Faculty of Basic Sciences; University of Mazandaran; Babolsar Iran
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Mohsenzadeh M, Khalili MA, Nazari S, Jahromi VH, Agharahimi A, Halvaei I. Effect of vitrification on morphology and in-vitro maturation outcome of human immature oocytes. Ital J Anat Embryol 2012; 117:190-198. [PMID: 23420948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In assisted reproductive techniques, 85% retrieved oocytes are mature, and the rest are immature. These immature oocytes may be matured in vitro, and used in subsequent in vitro fertilization program. The purpose of this study was to determine the maturation capacity and morphology of human immature oocytes in both fresh and vitrified-thawed, in vitro matured oocytes with regard to the maternal age and cause of infertility. MATERIALS & METHODS The first group of immature oocytes (n = 103) were directly matured in vitro (fIVM), and the second group (n = 102) were vitrified and stored in liquid nitrogen. After thawing, the samples underwent in vitro maturation (vIVM). Oocyte maturation was assessed by the presence of the 1st polar body and pronuclei. After 48 h incubation, each matured oocyte was assessed for ooplasm color, periviteline space normality and shape regularity. RESULTS After retrieval, 27% oocytes were immature (9.5% metaphase I and 17.5% germinal vesicle stage). The rate of maturation of fIVM (61.2%) was significantly higher than that of vIVM (33.3%). The percentage of maturation in women under age of 30 was higher in both fIVM and vIVM. The maturation rate after IVM was higher in patients with male infertility than in those suffering of ovarian infertility. CONCLUSION Vitrification is a suitable technique for preservation of immature oocytes, especially at the germinal vesicle stage, in stimulated ovarian cycles. It should be noted that the maturation outcome of oocytes at germinal vesicle stage was better than that of metaphase I oocytes. Therefore, we recommend vitrifying germinal vesicle stage oocytes for subsequent in vitro maturation.
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