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Fagbamigbe AF, Tolba MF, Amankwaa EF, Mante PK, Sylverken AA, Zahouli JZB, Goonoo N, Mosi L, Oyebola K, Matoke-Muhia D, de Souza DK, Badu K, Dukhi N. Implications of WHO COVID-19 interim guideline 2020.5 on the comprehensive care for infected persons in Africa Before, during and after clinical management of cases. Sci Afr 2021; 15:e01083. [PMID: 34957351 PMCID: PMC8683379 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the biggest public health crises globally. Although Africa did not display the worst-case scenario compared to other continents, fears were still at its peak since Africa was already suffering from a heavy load of other life-threatening infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and malaria. Other factors that were anticipated to complicate Africa's outcomes include the lack of resources for diagnosis and contact tracing along with the low capacity of specialized management facilities per capita. The current review aims at assessing and generating discussions on the realities, and pros and cons of the WHO COVID-19 interim guidance 2020.5 considering the known peculiarities of the African continent. A comprehensive evaluation was done for COVID-19-related data published across PubMed and Google Scholar (date of the last search: August 17, 2020) with emphasis on clinical management and psychosocial aspects. Predefined filters were then applied in data screening as detailed in the methods. Specifically, we interrogated the WHO 2020.5 guideline viz-a-viz health priority and health financing in Africa, COVID-19 case contact tracing and risk assessment, clinical management of COVID-19 cases as well as strategies for tackling stigmatization and psychosocial challenges encountered by COVID-19 survivors. The outcomes of this work provide links between these vital sub-themes which may impact the containment and management of COVID-19 cases in Africa in the long-term. The chief recommendation of the current study is the necessity of prudent filtration of the global findings along with regional modelling of the global care guidelines for acting properly in response to this health threat on the regional level without exposing our populations to further unnecessary adversities.
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Key Words
- AFCOR, Africa Task Force for Novel Coronavirus
- AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Africa
- C02, carbon dioxide
- COVID-19
- Clinical management
- Contact tracing
- ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- GGE, general government expenditure
- GGHE, general government health expenditure
- H2O, Hydrogen
- HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus
- MERS, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
- NHS, national health services
- O2, Oxygen
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder
- RECOVERY, Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy
- SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- Stigmatization
- US-CDC, United States Centre for Disease Control
- WHO guidelines
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mai F Tolba
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and The Centre of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Capital City, Egypt
| | - Ebenezer F Amankwaa
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Priscilla Kolibea Mante
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Augustina Angelina Sylverken
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ashanti, UPO/PMB, Kumasi, Ghana.,Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Julien Z B Zahouli
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Centre d'Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Nowsheen Goonoo
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Lydia Mosi
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Ghana.,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Kolapo Oyebola
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Damaris Matoke-Muhia
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dziedzom K de Souza
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kingsley Badu
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ashanti, UPO/PMB, Kumasi, Ghana.,Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Natisha Dukhi
- The African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya.,Human and Social Capabilities Division, Human Sciences Research Council, 116-118 Buitengracht Street, Merchant House, 3rd floor, Cape Town, Western Cape 8001, South Africa
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