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Kim SB, Furuta T, Ohmuro-Matsuyama Y, Kitada N, Nishihara R, Maki SA. Bioluminescent imaging systems boosting near-infrared signals in mammalian cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023. [PMID: 36732398 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence (BL) is broadly used as an optical readout in bioassays and molecular imaging. In this study, the near-infrared (NIR) BL imaging systems were developed. The system was harnessed by prototype copepod luciferases, artificial luciferase 30 (ALuc30) and its miniaturized version picALuc, and were characterized with 17 kinds of coelenterazine (CTZ) analogues carrying bulky functional groups or cyanine 5 (Cy5). They were analyzed of BL spectral peaks and enzymatic kinetics, and explained with computational modeling. The results showed that (1) the picALuc-based system surprisingly boosts the BL intensities predominantly in the red and NIR region with its specific CTZ analogues; (2) both ALuc30- and picALuc-based systems develop unique through-bond energy transfer (TBET)-driven spectral bands in the NIR region with a Cy5-conjugated CTZ analogue (Cy5-CTZ); and (3) according to the computational modeling, the miniaturized version, picALuc, has a large binding pocket, which can accommodate CTZ analogues containing bulky functional groups and thus allowing NIR BL. This study is an important addition to the BL imaging toolbox with respect to the development of orthogonal NIR reporter systems applicable to physiological samples, together with the understanding of the BL-emitting chemistry of marine luciferases.
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Shang Z, Liu J, Meng Q, Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Z. A near-infrared emitted fluorescence probe for the detection of biosulfite in live zebrafish, mouse and real food samples. Methods 2022; 204:47-54. [PMID: 35447358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisulfite (HSO3-) has been widely used as an important food additive in daily life. Furthermore, a normal amount of HSO3- plays a significant role in biological systems. However, excessive intake of HSO3- will lead to a variety of diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an efficient fluorescent probe that can be used for detection of HSO3- in biological systems and food samples. In this work, a near-infrared (NIR) emitted fluorescent probe (SZY) based on hemicyanine dye was successfully synthesized and applied to detect HSO3- in several food samples and live animals. The proposed nucleophilic addition sensing mechanism of SZY towards HSO3- has been confirmed by 1H NMR titration, high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) and density functional theory (DFT) theoretical computation. The HSO3--induced nucleophilic reaction with α,β-unsaturated C=C binding of SZY results in the dramatic decline of the UV-vis absorption and remarkable quenching of the fluorescence emission. SZY features the advantages of near infrared emission (centered at 720 nm), high water solubility (in 98% aqueous solution), fast response time (50 s), large Stokes shift (244 nm) and low cytotoxicity. The probe SZY was successfully applied to image of HSO3- in live nude mouse and adult zebrafish. Semi-quantitatively analyzing the HSO3- level by "naked eye" in several food samples including canned fruit, white wine, white sugar and jasmine tea drinks has been realized by the colorimetric method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuye Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China; Key Laboratory for Functional Material, Educational Department of Liaoning Province, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Functional Material, Educational Department of Liaoning Province, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning Province, 114051, P. R. China
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Abe M, Nishihara R, Kim SB, Suzuki K. Near-Infrared Bioluminescence Imaging of Animal Cells with Through-Bond Energy Transfer Cassette. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2274:103-10. [PMID: 34050466 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1258-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Coelenterazine (CTZ) is the most general substrate for marine luciferases. The present protocol introduces a near-infrared (NIR ) bioluminescence (BL) imaging of mammalian cells with a cyanine-5 (Cy5) dye-conjugated CTZ . This unique Cy5-conjugated CTZ, named Cy5-CTZ , can act as a dual optical readout emitting both fluorescence (FL) and BL. The Cy5-CTZ exerts through-bond energy transfer (TBET)-based imaging modalities for mammalian cells. This novel derivative, Cy5-CTZ , is intrinsically fluorescent and emits NIR-shifted BL when reacting with an appropriate luciferase , such as Renilla luciferase (RLuc). The protocol exemplifies a unique live-cell imaging with Cy5-CTZ that is optically stable in physiological samples and rapidly permeabilize through plasma membrane and emit NIR-BL in live mammalian cells.
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Wang X, Mao DZ, Yang YJ. Calibration transfer between modelled and commercial pharmaceutical tablet for API quantification using backscattering NIR, Raman and transmission Raman spectroscopy (TRS). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 194:113766. [PMID: 33280998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Backscattering NIR, Raman (BSR) and transmission Raman spectroscopy (TRS) coupled with chemometrics have shown to be rapid and non-invasive tools for the quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content in tablets. However, the developed models are generally specifically related to the measurement conditions and sample characteristics. In this study, a number of calibration transfer methods, including DS, PDS, DWPDS, GLSW and SST, were evaluated for the spectra correction between modelled tablets produced in the laboratory and commercial samples. Results showed that the NIR and BSR spectra of commercial tablet corrected by DWPDS and PDS, respectively, enabled accurate API predictions with the high ratio of prediction error to deviation (RPDP) values of 2.33 and 3.03. The most successfully approach was achieved with DS corrected TRS data and SiPLS modelling (161 variables) and yielded RMSEP of 0.72 %, R2P of 0.946 and RPDP of 4.35. The proposed calibration transfer strategy offers the opportunities to analyse samples produced in different conditions; in the future, its implication will find extensively process control and quality assurance applications and benefit all possible users in the entire pharmaceutical industry.
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Komesli Y, Yildirim Y, Karasulu E. Visualisation of real-time oral biodistribution of fluorescent labeled self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of olmesartan medoxomil using optical imaging method. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 36:100365. [PMID: 33191089 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the biodistribution of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of hydrophobic olmesartan medoxomil (OM-SMEDDS) was determined by labeling with a fluorescent dye VivoTag®680 XL and Xenolight® DiR. Labeled OM-SMEDDS and control dye solution administered orally to mice; real-time dynamic biodistributions over 7 h were determined by 2D-fluorescent imaging to verify their anatomic location. Fluorescent Emissions by Vivotag 680® XL and Xenolight® DiR labeled OM-SMEDDS emitted 2 to 24 times stronger emission than control dye administered group. To further confirm the results, organs were removed and examined using the same technique at the end of 7 h. VivoTag®680XL and Xenolight® DiR emitted 4 and 1.7 times stronger emission respectively than control dye administered mice in ex-vivo organ imaging studies. This study showed that OM-SMEDDS can be succesfully labeled with fluorescent dye and tracked with optical imaging method for the visualisation of biodistribution of drugs and is also useful for enhanced bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Komesli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ercument Karasulu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Jiao J, Zhang J, Yang F, Song W, Han D, Wen W, Qin W. Quicker, deeper and stronger imaging: A review of tumor-targeted, near-infrared fluorescent dyes for fluorescence guided surgery in the preclinical and clinical stages. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 152:123-43. [PMID: 32437752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem and the main cause of human mortality and morbidity worldwide. Complete removal of tumors and metastatic lymph nodes in surgery is significantly beneficial for the prognosis of patients. Tumor-targeted, near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging is an emerging field of real-time intraoperative cancer imaging based on tumor-targeted NIRF dyes. Targeted NIRF dyes contain NIRF fluorophores and specific binding ligands such as antibodies, peptides and small molecules. The present article reviews recently updated tumor-targeted NIRF dyes for the molecular imaging of malignant tumors in the preclinical stage and clinical trials. The strengths and challenges of NIRF agents with tumor-targeting ability are also summarized. Smaller ligands, near infrared II dyes, dual-modality dyes and activatable dyes may contribute to quicker, deeper, stronger imaging in the nearest future. In this review, we highlighted tumor-targeted NIRF dyes for fluorescence-guided surgery and their potential clinical translation.
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Pedersen T, Rantanen J, Naelapää K, Skibsted E. Near infrared analysis of pharmaceutical powders with empirical target distribution optimization (ETDO). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 181:113059. [PMID: 31978645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a well-established method for analysis of pharmaceutical products, and especially useful for process monitoring and control of continuous production due to high sample throughput. In this work, a previously established method called empirical target distribution optimization (ETDO) wherein reference sample values using information from model prediction of the calibration data was used as a tool to improve the performance of NIR partial least squares (PLS) models. Model performance was assessed using root mean square error (R2), bias and accuracy in prediction of test samples. A target value selection threshold was tested to assess the ETDO procedure for NIR analysis of powder samples. The amount of specific variation captured by the model was examined and compared for models calibrated with and without ETDO. The results reported in this work suggests that PLS models optimized with ETDO of reference values can provide more specific PLS models for NIR analysis for complex powder mixtures. In addition, the model optimization method could also be applied as a tool to verify the necessary amount of PLS components to produce robust models. The ETDO method presented in this work is an approach that could be applied in the development of continuous blending or tableting processes where robust in-line quantitative analysis of powder samples is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troels Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Oral Analytical Development, Novo Nordisk Park, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaisa Naelapää
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Oral Formulation Research, Novo Nordisk Park, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Erik Skibsted
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Oral Analytical Development, Novo Nordisk Park, Måløv, Denmark.
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Escudero-Duch C, Martin-Saavedra F, Prieto M, Sanchez-Casanova S, Lopez D, Sebastian V, Arruebo M, Santamaria J, Vilaboa N. Gold nanoparticles for the in situ polymerization of near-infrared responsive hydrogels based on fibrin. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:306-315. [PMID: 31568875 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasiveness and relative safety of photothermal therapy, which enables local hyperthermia of target tissues using a near infrared (NIR) laser, has attracted increasing interest. Due to their biocompatibility, amenability of synthesis and functionalization, gold nanoparticles have been investigated as therapeutic photothermal agents. In this work, hollow gold nanoparticles (HGNP) were coated with poly-l-lysine through the use of COOH-Poly(ethylene glycol)-SH as a covalent linker. The functionalized HGNP, which peak their surface plasmon resonance at 800 nm, can bind thrombin. Thrombin-conjugated HGNP conduct in situ fibrin polymerization, facilitating the process of generating photothermal matrices. Interestingly, the metallic core of thrombin-loaded HGNP fragmentates at physiological temperature. During polymerization process, matrices prepared with thrombin-loaded HGNP were loaded with genetically-modified stem cells that harbour a heat-activated and ligand-dependent gene switch for regulating transgene expression. NIR laser irradiation of resulting cell constructs in the presence of ligand successfully triggered transgene expression in vitro and in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Current technological development allows synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNP) in a wide range of shapes and sizes, consistently and at scale. GNP, stable and easily functionalized, show low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility. Allied to that, GNP present optoelectronic properties that have been exploited in a range of biomedical applications. Following a layer-by-layer functionalization approach, we prepared hollow GNP coated with a positively charged copolymer that enabled thrombin conjugation. The resulting nanomaterial efficiently catalyzed the formation of fibrin hydrogels which convert energy of the near infrared (NIR) into heat. The resulting NIR-responsive hydrogels can function as scaffolding for cells capable of controlled gene expression triggered by optical hyperthermia, thus allowing the deployment of therapeutic gene products in desired spatiotemporal frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Escudero-Duch
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin-Saavedra
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
| | - Martin Prieto
- Departmento de Ingenieria Quimica, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro. Edificio I+D. C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, Zaragoza 50018 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICMA-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Silvia Sanchez-Casanova
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Daniel Lopez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Polimeros, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICTP-CSIC), C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Departmento de Ingenieria Quimica, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro. Edificio I+D. C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, Zaragoza 50018 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICMA-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Departmento de Ingenieria Quimica, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro. Edificio I+D. C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, Zaragoza 50018 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICMA-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Jesus Santamaria
- Departmento de Ingenieria Quimica, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro. Edificio I+D. C/ Mariano Esquillor s/n, Zaragoza 50018 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICMA-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Nuria Vilaboa
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046 Spain; CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
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Nakagawa H, Kano M, Hasebe S, Miyano T, Watanabe T, Wakiyama N. Verification of model development technique for NIR-based real-time monitoring of ingredient concentration during blending. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:264-75. [PMID: 24834879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There has been a considerable research on the process analytical technology (PAT) and real-time monitoring based on NIR, but the model development is still an important issue and persons in charge have difficulty in building good models. In this study, to realize efficient NIR-based real-time monitoring of ingredient concentration and establish a model development method, we investigated the effect of a calibration set, spectral preprocessing, wavelengths, and other factors on the prediction error through pilot and commercial scale blending experiments. The results confirmed that the small prediction error was realized by a calibration set, including dynamic measurement spectra acquired with the target blender. In addition, the results demonstrated that locally weighted partial least squares (LW-PLS) achieved the smaller prediction error than conventional PLS. The present study has also clarified that spectral preprocessing methods and wavelengths selected to build a model affect the prediction error of ingredient concentration interactively. A wide wavelength range should be selected when the spectral preprocessing does not lessen the effect of baseline variation, while a narrow wavelength range should be selected when it strongly decreases the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Formulation Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Manabu Kano
- Department of Systems Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Hasebe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyano
- Formulation Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- Formulation Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Wakiyama
- Formulation Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
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Kim HY, Sengupta U, Shao P, Guerrero-Muñoz MJ, Kayed R, Bai M. Alzheimer's disease imaging with a novel Tau targeted near infrared ratiometric probe. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013; 3:102-117. [PMID: 23526074 PMCID: PMC3601471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) have long been recognized as one of the pathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies, however, showed that soluble aggregated Tau species, especially hyperphosphorylated Tau oligomers, which are formed at early stage of AD prior to the formation of NFT, disrupted neural system integration. Unfortunately, little is known about Tau aggregates, and few Tau targeted imaging probe has been reported. Successful development of new imaging methods that can visualize early stages of Tau aggregation specifically will obviously be important for AD imaging, as well as understanding Tau-associated neuropathology of AD. Here, we report the first NIR ratiometric probe, CyDPA2, that targets Tau aggregates. The specificity of CyPDA2 to aggregated Tau was evaluated with in vitro hyperphosphorylated Tau proteins (pTau), as well as ex vivo Tau samples from AD human brain samples and the tauopathy transgenic mouse model, P301L. The characteristic enhancements of absorption ratio and fluorescence intensity in CyDPA2 were observed in a pTau concentration-dependent manner. In addition, fluorescence microscopy and gel staining studies demonstrated CyDPA2-labeled Tau aggregates. These data indicate that CyDPA2 is a promising imaging probe for studying Tau pathology and diagnosing AD at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeong Kim
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Urmi Sengupta
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience & Cell Biology, George and Cynthia Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, Texas 77555-1045, USA
| | - Pin Shao
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Marcos J Guerrero-Muñoz
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience & Cell Biology, George and Cynthia Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, Texas 77555-1045, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience & Cell Biology, George and Cynthia Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, Texas 77555-1045, USA
| | - Mingfeng Bai
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer InstitutePittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) image-guided surgery holds great promise for improved surgical outcomes. A number of NIR image-guided surgical systems are currently in preclinical and clinical development with a few approved for limited clinical use. In order to wield the full power of NIR image-guided surgery, clinically available tissue and disease specific NIR fluorophores with high signal to background ratio are necessary. In the current review, the status of NIR image-guided surgery is discussed along with the desired chemical and biological properties of NIR fluorophores. Lastly, tissue and disease targeting strategies for NIR fluorophores are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer L Gibbs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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