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Chen G, Xu R, Zhang J, Yang M, Fan J, Huang Y, Sun X. Composition of breast milk from mothers of premature and full-term infants and its influence in Z-Scores for infant physical growth. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:292. [PMID: 38689260 PMCID: PMC11059756 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk contains various crucial nutrients and biologically active substances and is ideal for newborns. This study aimed to analyze the composition of breast milk from mothers of premature and full-term infants and its influences on the growth of infants. METHODS Infant-mother dyads examined at our Hospital (March 2016 to May 2017) were included. Milk was collected at 0-1 month, 2-3 months, and 5-6 months and analyzed using a MIRIS human milk analyzer. Z-scores of weight-for-length (WLZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and length-for-age (LAZ) were calculated. RESULTS This study included full-term (> 37 weeks of gestation, n = 177) and premature (< 37 weeks, n = 94) infant-mother dyads. The premature infants showed higher ΔWAZ, ΔLAZ, and ΔWLZ from infancy to toddlerhood for the physical growth speed, compared with term infants (P < 0.001). All proteins and true protein components of breast milk decreased with infants' age (P < 0.001). For premature and full-term infants, differences in ΔWAZ and ΔLAZ from birth to infancy and the difference in ΔLAZ, WAZ, and LAZ in toddlerhood were positively associated with non-protein nitrogen (NPN) (all P < 0.05), while the Z-score differences in ΔWLZ from birth to infancy were negatively associated with NPN (all P < 0.05). For premature babies, from birth to infancy stage, ΔWAZ was positively correlated with NPN and carbohydrates while negatively correlated with dry matter (all P < 0.05), and ΔLAZ correlated with NPN (β = 0.428, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Breastfeeding helped premature infants compensatory growth when compared to term infants. Whileduring early infancy stage ΔWLZ gain was negatively associated with increased amounts of NPN in breast milk. This might mean although NPN increase the Z-scores of weight-for-age and length-for-age, with no rise in adipose tissue mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixia Chen
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China.
| | - Rongxian Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianxia Fan
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Yinying Huang
- Nursing Department, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University/Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiamen, China
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Qu Y, Yang Y, Sonne C, Chen X, Yue X, Gu H, Lam SS, Peng W. Phytosphere purification of urban domestic wastewater. Environ Pollut 2023; 336:122417. [PMID: 37598935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and overpopulation have polluted aquatic environments with significant impacts on human health and wildlife. The main pollutants in urban sewage are nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and organic pollutants, which need to be treated with sewage, and the use of aquatic plants to purify wastewater has high efficiency and low cost. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of phytoremediation are also affected by temperature, pH, microorganisms and other factors. The use of biochar can reduce the cost of wastewater purification, and the combination of biochar and nanotechnology can improve the efficiency of wastewater purification. Some aquatic plants can enrich pollutants in wastewater, so it can be considered to plant these aquatic plants in constructed wetlands to achieve the effect of purifying wastewater. Biochar treatment technology can purify wastewater with high efficiency and low cost, and can be further applied to constructed wetlands. In this paper, the latest research progress of various pollutants in wastewater purification by aquatic plants is reviewed, and the efficient treatment technology of wastewater by biochar is discussed. It provides theoretical basis for phytoremediation of urban sewage pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Qu
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Landscape Architecture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Xiangmeng Chen
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Xiaochen Yue
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Haiping Gu
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China.
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Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Liu M, Zhang D, Cai X, Wang N, Wang W. Structural characterization and transformation of nitrogen compounds in waste tire pyrolysis oils. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1702:464093. [PMID: 37257369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The waste tire pyrolysis oil (WTPO) has been widely concerned because it's a promising recycling method of waste tires. However, the high content of nitrogen in WTPO is unfavorable to its application. In this work, nitrogen compounds in the full distillation range of a waste tire pyrolysis oil were characterized by gas chromatograph-nitrogen chemiluminescence detector (GC-NCD), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). In the gasoline fraction of WTPO, the most abundant nitrogen compounds were benzonitrile, aniline and small molecule nitriles. In the diesel fraction of WTPO, the most abundant nitrogen compounds were benzothiazole, quinoline derivatives, p-phthalodinitrile, benzonitrile derivatives, hexadecanenitrile and octadecanenitrile. In the heavy fraction of WTPO, significant amounts of NxOy (x = 2-3 and y = 1-2) species were discovered after the separation of solvent dissolution and solid phase extraction. The molecular structures of these NxOy species were determined as amide derivatives of diphenylamine by tandem mass spectra of FT-ICR MS. Therefore, the origin of nitriles in the light fractions of WTPO was suspected as the pyrolysis of these amides in the heavy fractions. Finally, the nitrogen transformation during the pyrolysis of waste tires was suggested based on the results of quantum chemistry simulations. These results would be helpful for the treatment and removal of these undesirable nitrogen compounds in WTPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Zhang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Songcan Li
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qundan Zhang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dengqian Zhang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinheng Cai
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naixin Wang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China.
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Justino JT, Demetrio GR, Neres PF, Meneses D, Pinto TK. A functional perspective of nematode assemblages as proxy of quality in tropical estuarine tidal flats. Mar Environ Res 2023; 186:105922. [PMID: 36812839 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Functional aspects of biological communities influence ecosystem processes and it is urgent to understand how human disturbances affect functional diversity and ecosystem functions and services. Our purpose was to address the use of different functional metrics of nematode assemblages to evaluate the ecological status of tropical estuaries subjected to different human activities, aiming to advance and improve the knowledge about the usefulness of functional attributes as indicators of environmental quality. Three approaches were compared: functional diversity indexes, single trait, and multi traits using the Biological Traits Analysis. The RLQ + fourth-corner combined method was used to identify relationships among functional traits, inorganic nutrients, and metals concentrations. Lower values of FDiv, FSpe, and FOri indicate a convergence of functions, characterizing impacted conditions. A dominant set of traits was related to disturbance, mainly inorganic nutrient enrichment. All the approaches allowed for the detection of disturbed conditions, however, multi traits was the most sensitive one.
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Cortés-Bautista S, Robles-Jimárez HR, Carrero-Ferrer I, Molins-Legua C, Campíns-Falcó P. Portable determinations for legislated dissolved nitrogen forms in several environmental water samples as a study case. Sci Total Environ 2023; 864:161131. [PMID: 36566864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have studied the main species involved in determining total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in water samples for accommodating a variety of quantitation methodologies to portable instruments and with the goal to achieve in situ analysis. The rise of water eutrophication is becoming an ecological problem in the world and TDN contributes markedly to this. Traditionally the several forms of DN are measured in the laboratory using conventional instrumentation from grab samples, but their analysis in place and in real time is a current demand. Inorganic nitrogen: NO3-, NO2- and NH4+, and organic nitrogen, such as amino nitrogen were tested here. For nitrate that presents native UV absorption suitable for direct water analysis, a portable optical fiber probe was compared with benchtop equipment and an in place analyzer. For nitrate, nitrite and ammonium, in situ solid devices that deliver reagents needed were tested and water color was measured by a smartphone coupled with a miniaturized optical fiber spectrometer and a miniaturized spectrometer or from images obtained and their RGB components. Amino nitrogen of some aromatic aminoacids with native fluorescence was followed by a portable optical fiber probe. Organic amino nitrogen and ammonium were determined by a portable luminometer and luminol supported in a measurement tube. Moreover, a portable miniaturized liquid chromatograph was shown suitable for monitoring priority nitrogen environmental pollutants. All options provided suitable results in comparison with lab estimations and were useful for evaluating if the legislation is fulfilled for the variety of tested waters. A discussion about the several portable options proposed for in place analysis, in function of the legislated determinations needed for each type of water was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cortés-Bautista
- MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - H R Robles-Jimárez
- MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - I Carrero-Ferrer
- MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - C Molins-Legua
- MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - P Campíns-Falcó
- MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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Beltrame TF, Zoppas FM, Gomes MC, Ferreira JZ, Marchesini FA, Bernardes AM. Electrochemical nitrate reduction of brines: Improving selectivity to N 2 by the use of Pd/activated carbon fiber catalyst. Chemosphere 2021; 279:130832. [PMID: 34134432 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of water by nitrate has become a worldwide problem, being high levels of this ion detected in the surface, and groundwater, mainly due to the intensive use of fertilizers, and to the discharge of not properly treated effluents. This study aims to evaluate the electrocatalytic process, carried out in a cell divided into two compartments by a cation exchange membrane, and with a copper plate electrode as cathode, identifying the effects of current density, pH, the use of a catalyst in the nitrate reduction, and the production of gaseous compounds. The highest nitrate reduction was obtained with a current density of 2.0 mA cm-2, without pH adjustment and, in this condition, nitrite ion was mainly formed. The application of activated carbon fibers with palladium (1% wt. and 3% wt.) in an alkaline medium presented an increase in gaseous compounds formation. With 2.0 mA cm-2, pH adjustment, and applying 3% wt. Pd catalyst, the highest selectivity to gaseous compounds was obtained (95%) with no nitrite detection. These results highlight the viability of using the process developed at this work for the treatment of nitrate contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Favarini Beltrame
- Laboratório de Corrosão, Proteção e Reciclagem de Materiais LACOR-UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE-CONICET), Santiago del Estero, 2829, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Fernanda Miranda Zoppas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE-CONICET), Santiago del Estero, 2829, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maria Carolina Gomes
- Laboratório de Corrosão, Proteção e Reciclagem de Materiais LACOR-UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jane Zoppas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Corrosão, Proteção e Reciclagem de Materiais LACOR-UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Albana Marchesini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE-CONICET), Santiago del Estero, 2829, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Moura Bernardes
- Laboratório de Corrosão, Proteção e Reciclagem de Materiais LACOR-UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Balmaseda A, Rozès N, Bordons A, Reguant C. Simulated lees of different yeast species modify the performance of malolactic fermentation by Oenococcus oeni in wine-like medium. Food Microbiol 2021; 99:103839. [PMID: 34119090 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-Saccharomyces yeast together with S. cerevisiae in winemaking is a current trend. Apart from the organoleptic modulation of the wine, the composition of the resulting yeast lees is different and may thus impact malolactic fermentation (MLF). Yeasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulaspora delbrueckii and Metschnikowia pulcherrima were inactivated and added to a synthetic wine. Three different strains of Oenococcus oeni were inoculated and MLF was monitored. Non-Saccharomyces lees, especially from some strains of T. delbrueckii, showed higher compatibility with some O. oeni strains, with a shorter MLF and a maintained bacterial cell viability. The supplementation of lees increased nitrogen compounds available by O. oeni. A lower mannoprotein consumption was related with longer MLF. Amino acid assimilation by O. oeni was strain specific. There may be many other compounds regulating these yeast lees-O. oeni interactions apart from the well-known mannoproteins and amino acids. This is the first study of MLF with different O. oeni strains in the presence of S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeast lees to report a strain-specific interaction between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Balmaseda
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Grup de Biotecnologia Enològica, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nicolas Rozès
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Grup de Biotecnologia Microbiana dels Aliments, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Bordons
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Grup de Biotecnologia Enològica, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Reguant
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Grup de Biotecnologia Enològica, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Kuś PM, Rola R. LC-QqQ-MS/MS methodology for determination of purine and pyrimidine derivatives in unifloral honeys and application of chemometrics for their classification. Food Chem 2021; 348:129076. [PMID: 33503535 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The new liquid chromatographic-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS/MS) method for determination of purine and pyrimidine derivatives in honey produced by Apis mellifera was developed. 13 compounds were determined in total of 130 unifloral honey samples of 13 varieties: uracil, thymine, thymidine, xanthine, guanine, adenine, uridine, pseudouridine, xanthosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, guanosine and cytidine. The levels of some of these compounds varied between the specific honey types. The most abundant were uridine (up to 44.66 mg/kg), xanthine (up to 20.48 mg/kg) and xanthosine (up to 19.22 mg/kg). The data were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA) and k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classification (selected 9 and 8 honey types, respectively) to examine differences between the honey varieties allowing their discrimination based on purine and pyrimidine derivatives amounts. The data allowed to distinguish between 8 honey types (balanced accuracy 82%) and for most of the varieties obtained classification rates ranged from 96 to 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr M Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Rafał Rola
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; Masdiag Laboratory, Żeromskiego 33, 01-882 Warsaw, Poland.
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Soldatova E, Dong Y, Li J, Liu Y, Zan J, Boeckx P, Sun Z. Nitrogen transformation and pathways in the shallow groundwater-soil system within agricultural landscapes. Environ Geochem Health 2021; 43:441-459. [PMID: 33000346 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study considers the behavior of nitrogen compounds in the shallow groundwater-soil system as necessary for the functioning of the nitrogen cycle within agricultural landscapes and one of the first steps of the formation of groundwater chemical composition. Data were collected in 2011-2018 within the Poyang Lake area (Jiangxi Province, China), where agricultural landscapes prevail. The soil and groundwater samples were taken in different periods of an agricultural season at the beginning of the agricultural season (spring) and after harvesting (autumn). The combined geochemical data on the chemical and microbiological composition of the soils and shallow groundwater and isotopic data on dissolved nitrate allowed researchers to resolve that nitrogen enters the system in the form of organic compounds, particularly, due to the soil fertilization at the beginning of the agricultural season. Organic nitrogen compounds transform into nitrate under the influence of nitrifiers in the soil before getting the shallow aquifer, where the occurrence of denitrification is suggested. Within the Ganjiang and Xiushui interfluve, reducing conditions, together with the formation of clay minerals from the aqueous solution, may serve a geochemical barrier for the accumulation of nitrogen compounds preventing the transformation of ammonium to nitrate and providing its sorption. It also should be noted that bacterial diversity in the shallow groundwater has a strong relation with the amount of nitrate in the system, whereas in the soil, it is connected with sampling depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Soldatova
- Laboratory of Modeling Hydrogeochemical and Hydrothermal Processes, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yihui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Jiale Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Yajie Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Jinjing Zan
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory (ISOFYS), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zhanxue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
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Zainudin MH, Mustapha NA, Maeda T, Ramli N, Sakai K, Hassan M. Biochar enhanced the nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial communities during the composting of poultry manure and rice straw. Waste Manag 2020; 106:240-249. [PMID: 32240940 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has proven to be a feasible additive for mitigating nitrogen loss during the composting process. This study aims to evaluate the influence of biochar addition on bacterial community and physicochemical properties changes, including ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) contents during the composting of poultry manure. The composting was carried out by adding 20% (w/w) of biochar into the mixture of poultry manure and rice straw with a ratio of 2:1, and the same treatment without biochar was prepared as a control. The finished product of control compost recorded the high contents of NO2- and NO3- (366 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) with reduced the total NH4+ content to 10 mg/kg. Meanwhile, biochar compost recorded a higher amount of total NH4+ content (110 mg/kg) with low NO2- and NO3- (161 mg/kg and 137 mg/kg) content in the final composting material. The principal component analysis showed that the dynamics of dominant genera related to Halomonas, Pusillimonas, and Pseudofulvimonas, all of which were known as nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, was significantly correlated with the dynamic of NO2- and NO3- content throughout the composting process. The genera related to Pusillimonas, and Pseudofulvimonas appeared as the dominant communities as the NO2- and NO3- increased. In contrast, as the NO2- and NO3- concentration decreased, the Halomonas genus were notably enriched in biochar compost. This study revealed the bacterial community shifts corresponded with the change of physicochemical properties, which provides essential information for a better understanding of monitoring and improving the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Huzairi Zainudin
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nurul Asyifah Mustapha
- Department of Biological Function and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan
| | - Toshinari Maeda
- Department of Biological Function and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan
| | - Norhayati Ramli
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kenji Sakai
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenviromental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mohd Hassan
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dutra FM, Cidemar Alab JH, Costa Gomes MK, Furtado PS, Valenti WC, Cupertino Ballester EL. Nitrate acute toxicity to post larvae and juveniles of Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862). Chemosphere 2020; 242:125229. [PMID: 31896198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) of nitrate for post-larvae and juveniles of Macrobrachium amazonicum exposed for 96 h, and to identify histopathological alterations in the gills of juveniles exposed to nitrate. Post-larvae and juveniles of M. amazonicum were exposed to seven different concentrations of nitrate (0, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg.L-1) with four replicates (n = 10 prawn/experimental unit). The degree of damage to the branchial structure of juveniles was evaluated using standard histological processing with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), subjected to the Organ Index (Iorg). LC50 values at 24, 48, 72 were estimated by the Trimmed Spearman Karber Method software and were respectively 1574, 638, 237, and 194 mg.L-1 for post-larvae and 1070, 286, 185 and 155 mg.L-1 for juveniles, respectively. From these results, the safety level of nitrate was estimated at 157, 64, 24 and 19 mg.L-1 for post-larvae and 107; 27; 18 and 16 mg.L-1 for juveniles, respectively for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h. Damage to the gills in treatments with 100% mortality for nitrate corresponded to the high occurrence of progressive, regressive, circulatory and inflammatory damages. The other treatments, which caused lower mortality, mainly resulted in inflammation and regressive damage, whose occurrence increased with increasing concentration of nitrate. However, in closed systems, the use of anaerobic denitrifying filters or aquatic macrophytes is necessary to provide suitable water quality for the best productive performance, avoiding the negative influence of the accumulated nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Martins Dutra
- Laboratório de Carcinicultura, Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Henrique Cidemar Alab
- Laboratório de Carcinicultura, Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Kelviane Costa Gomes
- Laboratório de Carcinicultura, Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner C Valenti
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aquicultura e Agência UNESP de Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester
- Laboratório de Carcinicultura, Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
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12
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Pérez-Álvarez EP, Ruiz-González R, Nonell S, Garde-Cerdán T. Riboflavin applications to grapevine leaves and berries blue-light post-harvest treatments modifies grape anthocyanins and amino acids contents. Food Res Int 2019; 122:479-486. [PMID: 31229103 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Light is an energy source and key environmental factor for plants. Out of the different light wavelengths, blue-light is one of the most relevant spectral regions because of its relation to anthocyanins biosynthesis. Among the compounds present in grapes, anthocyanins determine their main organoleptic and healthy properties; while a minimum concentration of ammonium and amino acids is necessary for a desirable development of the alcoholic fermentation. Moreover, amino acids are precursors of several volatile compounds synthetized during the fermentation. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of riboflavin (vitamin B2) applications, at harvest and one week later,to grapevine leaves in combination with post-harvest blue-light irradiation on Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L.) grape anthocyanins and amino acidscomposition. The combination of blue-light irradiation and two riboflavin doses as well as theseindividual factors affected both grape anthocyanins and amino acidsconcentrations. After one week of storage, anthocyanins concentration diminished when clusters were irradiated with blue-light; while for amino acids content, the trend to increase or decrease is dependent on the riboflavin dose applied in vines and the storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain.
| | - R Ruiz-González
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta, 390.08017, Barcelona, Spain; Esencias Moles S.A. Avenida de Cataluña, 11. 08758 Cervelló, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - S Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta, 390.08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain
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13
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Yang GJ, Lü XT, Stevens CJ, Zhang GM, Wang HY, Wang ZW, Zhang ZJ, Liu ZY, Han XG. Mowing mitigates the negative impacts of N addition on plant species diversity. Oecologia 2019; 189:769-779. [PMID: 30725373 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing availability of reactive nitrogen (N) threatens plant diversity in diverse ecosystems. While there is mounting evidence for the negative impacts of N deposition on one component of diversity, species richness, we know little about its effects on another one, species evenness. It is suspected that ecosystem management practice that removes nitrogen from the ecosystem, such as hay-harvesting by mowing in grasslands, would mitigate the negative impacts of N deposition on plant diversity. However, empirical evidence is scarce. Here, we reported the main and interactive effects of N deposition and mowing on plant diversity in a temperate meadow steppe with 4-year data from a field experiment within which multi-level N addition rates and multiple N compounds are considered. Across all the types of N compounds, species richness and evenness significantly decreased with the increases of N addition rate, which was mainly caused by the growth of a tall rhizomatous grass, Leymus chinensis. Such negative impacts of N addition were accumulating with time. Mowing significantly reduced the dominance of L. chinensis, and mitigated the negative impacts of N deposition on species evenness. We present robust evidence that N deposition threatened biodiversity by reducing both species richness and evenness, a process which could be alleviated by mowing. Our results highlight the changes of species evenness in driving the negative impacts of N deposition on plant diversity and the role of mowing in mediating such negative impacts of N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jiao Yang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Lü
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Guang-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation of Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Hong-Yi Wang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Wang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zi-Jia Zhang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhuo-Yi Liu
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xing-Guo Han
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Vegetation of Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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14
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Marshall A, Phillips L, Longmore A, Tang C, Heidelberg K, Mele P. Primer selection influences abundance estimates of ammonia oxidizing archaea in coastal marine sediments. Mar Environ Res 2018; 140:90-95. [PMID: 29891388 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of the α-subunit of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) through PCR is an established technique for estimating the abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) in environmental samples. This study quantified AOA with two established primer sets in 1 cm increments from the sediment surface (0-1 cm) to a depth of 10 cm at two locations within Port Phillip Bay (PPB), Australia. Primer choice had a significant effect on within sample estimates of AOA with copy numbers ranging from 102 to 104 copies per ng DNA. Variation in AOA abundance patterns with increasing sediment depth were site and primer specific. Sequence mismatches between the primer binding region of the isolated amoA sequences from PPB and Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 were identified and may explain the high variation identified between primer estimates. Our results highlight the need for testing multiple primer pairs that target different regions of the AOA amoA sequence prior to large-scale marine sediment environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Marshall
- La Trobe University, AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Australia; Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - Lori Phillips
- Agriculture and AgriFood Canada, Harrow Research and Development Centre, Harrow, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Longmore
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, Melbourne University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Caixian Tang
- La Trobe University, AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Karla Heidelberg
- The University of Southern California, Department of Biology, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Pauline Mele
- La Trobe University, AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Australia; Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Australia
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15
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Bisceglia JA, Mollo MC, Gruber N, Orelli LR. Polyamines and Related Nitrogen Compounds in the Chemotherapy of Neglected Diseases Caused by Kinetoplastids. Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 18:321-368. [PMID: 29701142 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180427151338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neglected diseases due to the parasitic protozoa Leishmania and Trypanosoma (kinetoplastids) affect millions of people worldwide, and the lack of suitable treatments has promoted an ongoing drug discovery effort to identify novel nontoxic and cost-effective chemotherapies. Polyamines are ubiquitous small organic molecules that play key roles in kinetoplastid parasites metabolism, redox homeostasis and in the normal progression of cell cycles, which differ from those found in the mammalian host. These features make polyamines attractive in terms of antiparasitic drug development. The present work provides a comprehensive insight on the use of polyamine derivatives and related nitrogen compounds in the chemotherapy of kinetoplastid diseases. The amount of literature on this subject is considerable, and a classification considering drug targets and chemical structures were made. Polyamines, aminoalcohols and basic heterocycles designed to target the relevant parasitic enzyme trypanothione reductase are discussed in the first section, followed by compounds directed to less common targets, like parasite SOD and the aminopurine P2 transporter. Finally, the third section comprises nitrogen compounds structurally derived from antimalaric agents. References on the chemical synthesis of the selected compounds are reported together with their in vivo and/or in vitro IC50 values, and structureactivity relationships within each group are analyzed. Some favourable structural features were identified from the SAR analyses comprising protonable sites, hydrophobic groups and optimum distances between them. The importance of certain pharmacophoric groups or amino acid residues in the bioactivity of polyamine derived compounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Bisceglia
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria C Mollo
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nadia Gruber
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana R Orelli
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Bouzas-Cid Y, Trigo-Córdoba E, Falqué E, Orriols I, Mirás-Avalos JM. Influence of supplementary irrigation on the amino acid and volatile composition of Godello wines from the Ribeiro Designation of Origin. Food Res Int 2018; 111:715-723. [PMID: 30007737 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of amino acids and volatile compounds of a given grapevine cultivar might be altered by inter-annual climate variability and management practices such as irrigation. These compounds determine, in part, aroma and sensory characteristics of wines. The current study aimed at assessing the amino acid profile of musts and wines and the volatile composition of wines from Vitis vinifera (L.) cultivar 'Godello' grown in the Ribeiro Designation of Origin (NW Spain) under rain-fed and supplementary irrigation (SI) conditions over three years (2012-2014). Supplementary irrigation increased must titratable acidity. However, must amino acid concentrations were not significantly altered by SI. In contrast, the concentrations of ethyl lactate and geraniol were greater in wines from the SI treatment. Significant correlations between amino acids in musts and volatiles in wines were observed. Our results highlight the low impact of SI on must and wine composition, likely due to the low level of water stress experienced by Godello vines. Understanding the effects of SI on wine properties could aid to adapt management practices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Bouzas-Cid
- Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia (EVEGA-INGACAL), Ponte San Clodio s/n, Leiro, Ourense 32428, Spain; Depto. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Emiliano Trigo-Córdoba
- Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia (EVEGA-INGACAL), Ponte San Clodio s/n, Leiro, Ourense 32428, Spain
| | - Elena Falqué
- Depto. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Ignacio Orriols
- Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia (EVEGA-INGACAL), Ponte San Clodio s/n, Leiro, Ourense 32428, Spain; Servizo de Prevención e Análise de Riscos, Dirección Xeral de Innovación e Industrias Agrarias e Forestais, Rúa Roma 25-27, Santiago de Compostela 15703, Spain
| | - José M Mirás-Avalos
- Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia (EVEGA-INGACAL), Ponte San Clodio s/n, Leiro, Ourense 32428, Spain; Proyectos y Planificación, Dpto. Ingeniería Agroforestal, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, GI-1716, Campus Universitario s/n, Lugo 27002, Spain.
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17
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Dutra FM, Rönnau M, Sponchiado D, Forneck SC, Freire CA, Ballester ELC. Histological alterations in gills of Macrobrachium amazonicum juveniles exposed to ammonia and nitrite. Aquat Toxicol 2017; 187:115-123. [PMID: 28410472 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture has shown great growth in the last decades. Due to the restrictions on water use, production systems are becoming increasingly more intensive, raising concerns about the production water quality. Macrobrachium amazonicum is among the freshwater prawn species with favorable characteristics for production and possibility of intensification. Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and nitrite affect the health of aquatic organisms since they quickly reach toxic concentrations. These compounds can also cause damage to the gill structure, leading to hypoxia in tissues, affecting acid-base balance, osmoregulation (salt absorption) and ammonia excretion, decreasing the immune capacity of the animal and, in extreme cases, cause death. The aim of this study was to assess histological changes in the gills of Macrobrachium amazonicum juveniles subjected to different concentrations of total ammonia and nitrite. The prawns were subjected to different concentrations of those compounds and their gills were removed and preserved for histological analysis. The gills were assessed for changes according to the Organ Index (Iorg) and, for each change, an importance factor (w) was attributed according to the degree of reversibility and applied according to the degree of extension or frequency of the damage. The damage to the gills in the treatments with 100% mortality, both for ammonia and nitrite, corresponded to the high occurrence of progressive, regressive, circulatory, and inflammation damages. The other treatments (which caused less mortality) had mainly inflammation and regressive damages, whose occurrence increased according to the increase in ammonia and nitrite concentration. The histological analysis confirmed that the higher the total ammonia and nitrite concentrations, the larger the damages caused to the gill structure and that lower nitrite concentrations caused similar damages to those caused by higher total ammonia concentrations, which reflects the lower capacity M. amazonicum has to tolerate nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Martins Dutra
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Setor Palotina, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Milton Rönnau
- Departamento de Biociências, Setor Palotina, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Dircelei Sponchiado
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Setor Palotina, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sandra Carla Forneck
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Setor Palotina, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Arruda Freire
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Luning Prak DJ, Breuer JET, Rios EA, Jedlicka EE, O'Sullivan DW. Photolysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in seawater and estuary water: Impact of pH, temperature, salinity, and dissolved organic matter. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 114:977-986. [PMID: 27871626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The influence of salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved organic matter on the photolysis rate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in marine, estuary, and laboratory-prepared waters was studied using a Suntest CPS+® solar simulator equipped with optical filters. TNT degradation rates were determined using HPLC analysis, and products were identified using LC/MS. Minimal or no TNT photolysis occurred under a 395-nm long pass filter, but under a 295-nm filter, first-order TNT degradation rate constants and apparent quantum yields increased with increasing salinity in both natural and artificial seawater. TNT rate constants increased slightly with increasing temperature (10 to 32°C) but did not change significantly with pH (6.4 to 8.1). The addition of dissolved organic matter (up to 5mg/L) to ultrapure water, artificial seawater, and natural seawater increased the TNT photolysis rate constant. Products formed by TNT photolysis in natural seawater were determined to be 2,4,6-trinitrobenzaldehyde, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid, and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne J Luning Prak
- Chemistry Department, U.S. Naval Academy, 572 M Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, United States.
| | - James E T Breuer
- Chemistry Department, U.S. Naval Academy, 572 M Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, United States.
| | - Evelyn A Rios
- Chemistry Department, U.S. Naval Academy, 572 M Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, United States.
| | - Erin E Jedlicka
- Chemistry Department, U.S. Naval Academy, 572 M Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, United States.
| | - Daniel W O'Sullivan
- Chemistry Department, U.S. Naval Academy, 572 M Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, United States.
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19
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Han X, Lin H, Zheng Y. The role of oxygen functional groups in the adsorption of heteroaromatic nitrogen compounds. J Hazard Mater 2015; 297:217-223. [PMID: 25967098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A wood-based activated carbon (AC) was oxidized using different oxidants. The resultant adsorbents were applied to adsorb nitrogen (N) containing compounds that appeared in light cycled oil. Appropriate oxidation treatment can increase oxygen functional groups on the surface of AC without much damage to its pore structure. Oxygen functional groups play a key role in enhancing adsorptive selectivity of carbons. Lactone groups can facilitate the selective removal of 1-ring N compounds. Phenolic groups, total CO2-releasing groups and total O groups show an improvement in the adsorption of 2-ring N compounds. Aldehyde groups favor the adsorption of 3-ring and 4-ring N compounds. However, excessive oxidation can result in the collapse of pore structure and closure of pore channels. For instance, the carbon oxidized by a mixture of concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 has an extremely low adsorption performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Hongfei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada.
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20
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Ordóñez JL, Sainz F, Callejón RM, Troncoso AM, Torija MJ, García-Parrilla MC. Impact of gluconic fermentation of strawberry using acetic acid bacteria on amino acids and biogenic amines profile. Food Chem 2015; 178:221-8. [PMID: 25704705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the amino acid profile of beverages obtained through the fermentation of strawberry purée by a surface culture using three strains belonging to different acetic acid bacteria species (one of Gluconobacter japonicus, one of Gluconobacter oxydans and one of Acetobacter malorum). An HPLC-UV method involving diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate (DEEMM) was adapted and validated. From the entire set of 21 amino acids, multiple linear regressions showed that glutamine, alanine, arginine, tryptophan, GABA and proline were significantly related to the fermentation process. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis classified 100% of the samples correctly in accordance with the microorganism involved. G. japonicus consumed glucose most quickly and achieved the greatest decrease in amino acid concentration. None of the 8 biogenic amines were detected in the final products, which could serve as a safety guarantee for these strawberry gluconic fermentation beverages, in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ordóñez
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González n°2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - F Sainz
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgil, C/Marcel Li Domingo S-N, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - R M Callejón
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González n°2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - A M Troncoso
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González n°2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M J Torija
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgil, C/Marcel Li Domingo S-N, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - M C García-Parrilla
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González n°2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
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Xiaobo C, Yibin L, Jin W, Honghong S, Chaohe Y, Chunyi L. Characterization of nitrogen compounds in coker gas oil by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Appl Petrochem Res 2014; 4:417-22. [PMID: 27656342 DOI: 10.1007/s13203-014-0083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the classes and structures of nitrogen species in coker gas oil (CGO) are characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) combined with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the m/z of basic and non-basic nitrogen compounds ranges from 180 to 560 and from 200 to 460, respectively. Six basic nitrogen compounds, N1 (a molecule contains one nitrogen atom, similarly hereinafter), N1O1, N1O1S1, N1O2, N1S1, and N2, are identified by their positive-ion mass spectra, and four non-basic nitrogen compounds, N1, N1O1, N1S1, and N2, are characterized by their negative-ion mass spectra. Among these nitrogen compounds, the N1 class species are the most predominant. Combined with the data of ESI FT-ICR MS and FT-IR, the basic N1 class species are likely pyridines, naphthenic pyridines, quinolines, and benzoquinolines. The most non-basic N1 class species are derivatives of benzocarbazole. The N2 class species are likely amphoteric molecules with pyridine and pyrrole core structures.
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Franke-Whittle IH, Confalonieri A, Insam H, Schlegelmilch M, Körner I. Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates. Waste Manag 2014; 34:632-41. [PMID: 24456768 PMCID: PMC3969591 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a waste treatment method which is of increasing interest worldwide. At the end of the process, a digestate remains, which can gain added value by being composted. A study was conducted in order to investigate microbial community dynamics during the composting process of a mixture of anaerobic digestate (derived from the anaerobic digestion of municipal food waste), green wastes and a screened compost (green waste/kitchen waste compost), using the COMPOCHIP microarray. The composting process showed a typical temperature development, and the highest degradation rates occurred during the first 14 days of composting, as seen from the elevated CO2 content in the exhaust air. With an exception of elevated nitrite and nitrate levels in the day 34 samples, physical-chemical parameters for all compost samples collected during the 63 day process indicated typical composting conditions. The microbial communities changed over the 63 days of composting. According to principal component analysis of the COMPOCHIP microarray results, compost samples from the start of the experiment were found to cluster most closely with the digestate and screened compost samples. The green waste samples were found to group separately. All starting materials investigated were found to yield fewer and lower signals when compared to the samples collected during the composting experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid H Franke-Whittle
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | - Heribert Insam
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mirko Schlegelmilch
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioconversion and Emission Control Group, Eissendorfer Str. 42, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ina Körner
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioconversion and Emission Control Group, Eissendorfer Str. 42, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
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