1
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Andersen CM, Knudson LD, Domaille DW. Interfacing Whole Cell Biocatalysis with a Biocompatible Pictet-Spengler Reaction for One-Pot Syntheses of Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Tryptolines. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300464. [PMID: 37801398 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic processes are highly selective and specific. However, their utility is limited by the comparatively narrow scope of enzyme-catalysed transformations. To expand product scope, we are developing biocompatible processes that combine biocatalytic reactions with chemo-catalysis in single-flask processes. Here, we show that a chemocatalysed Pictet-Spengler annulation can be interfaced with biocatalysed alcohol oxidation. This two-step, one-pot cascade reaction converts tyramine and aliphatic alcohols to tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids in aqueous buffer at mild pH. Tryptamine derivatives are also efficiently converted to tryptolines. Optimization of stoichiometry, pH, reaction time, and whole-cell catalyst deliver the tetrahydroisouinolines and tryptolines in >90 % and >40 % isolated yield, respectively, with excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell M Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80403, USA
| | - Luke D Knudson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80403, USA
| | - Dylan W Domaille
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80403, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, USA
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2
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Chan YC, Sak MH, Frank SA, Miller SJ. Tunable and Cooperative Catalysis for Enantioselective Pictet-Spengler Reaction with Varied Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Carboxaldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24573-24581. [PMID: 34487418 PMCID: PMC8556314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report an organocatalytic enantioselective functionalization of heterocyclic carboxaldehydes via the Pictet-Spengler reaction. Through careful pairing of novel squaramide and Brønsted acid catalysts, our method tolerates a breadth of heterocycles, enabling preparation of a series of heterocycle conjugated β-(tetrahydro)carbolines in good yield and enantioselectivity. Careful selection of carboxylic acid co-catalyst is essential for toleration of a variety of regioisomeric heterocycles. Utility is demonstrated via the three-step stereoselective preparation of pyridine-containing analogues of potent selective estrogen receptor downregulator and U.S. FDA approved drug Tadalafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk-Cheung Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Marcus H Sak
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Scott A Frank
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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3
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Cartmell C, Abou Fayad A, Lynch R, Sharma SV, Hauck N, Gust B, Goss RJM. SynBio-SynChem Approaches to Diversifying the Pacidamycins through the Exploitation of an Observed Pictet-Spengler Reaction. Chembiochem 2021; 22:712-716. [PMID: 33058439 PMCID: PMC7898326 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A nonenzymatic Pictet-Spengler reaction has been postulated to give rise to a subset of naturally occurring uridyl peptide antibiotics (UPAs). Here, using a combination of strain engineering and synthetic chemistry, we demonstrate that Pictet-Spengler chemistry may be employed to generate even greater diversity in the UPAs. We use an engineered strain to afford access to meta-tyrosine containing pacidamycin 4. Pictet-Spengler diversification of this compound using a small series of aryl-aldehydes was achieved with some derivatives affording remarkable diastereomeric control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Cartmell
- School of Chemistry and BSRCUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife, KY16 9STUK
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Prince Edward Island CharlottetownPrince Edward IslandC1A 4P3Canada
| | - Antoine Abou Fayad
- School of Chemistry and BSRCUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife, KY16 9STUK
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology Faculty of Medicine. Center of Infectious Disease Research (CIDR) WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Bacterial PathogensAmerican University of BeirutRiad El-Solh/Beirut1107 2020Lebanon
| | - Rosemary Lynch
- School of Chemistry and BSRCUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife, KY16 9STUK
| | - Sunil V. Sharma
- School of Chemistry and BSRCUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife, KY16 9STUK
| | - Nils Hauck
- Pharmazeutische Biologie, Pharmazeutisches InstitutEberhard-Karls-UniversitätAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TübingenGermany
| | - Bertolt Gust
- Pharmazeutische Biologie, Pharmazeutisches InstitutEberhard-Karls-UniversitätAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TübingenGermany
| | - Rebecca J. M. Goss
- School of Chemistry and BSRCUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife, KY16 9STUK
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Calcaterra A, Mangiardi L, Delle Monache G, Quaglio D, Balducci S, Berardozzi S, Iazzetti A, Franzini R, Botta B, Ghirga F. The Pictet-Spengler Reaction Updates Its Habits. Molecules 2020; 25:E414. [PMID: 31963860 PMCID: PMC7024544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pictet-Spengler reaction (P-S) is one of the most direct, efficient, and variable synthetic method for the construction of privileged pharmacophores such as tetrahydro-isoquinolines (THIQs), tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THBCs), and polyheterocyclic frameworks. In the lustro (five-year period) following its centenary birthday, the P-S reaction did not exit the stage but it came up again on limelight with new features. This review focuses on the interesting results achieved in this period (2011-2015), analyzing the versatility of this reaction. Classic P-S was reported in the total synthesis of complex alkaloids, in combination with chiral catalysts as well as for the generation of libraries of compounds in medicinal chemistry. The P-S has been used also in tandem reactions, with the sequences including ring closing metathesis, isomerization, Michael addition, and Gold- or Brønsted acid-catalyzed N-acyliminium cyclization. Moreover, the combination of P-S reaction with Ugi multicomponent reaction has been exploited for the construction of highly complex polycyclic architectures in few steps and high yields. The P-S reaction has also been successfully employed in solid-phase synthesis, affording products with different structures, including peptidomimetics, synthetic heterocycles, and natural compounds. Finally, the enzymatic version of P-S has been reported for biosynthesis, biotransformations, and bioconjugations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Calcaterra
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Laura Mangiardi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuliano Delle Monache
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Silvia Balducci
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Simone Berardozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH-Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Iazzetti
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Roberta Franzini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.M.); (D.Q.); (S.B.); (A.I.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Singh R, Jaisingh A, Maurya IK, Salunke DB. Design, synthesis and bio-evaluation of C-1 alkylated tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives as novel antifungal lead compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 30:126869. [PMID: 31870647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The field of antifungal agent has become static and development of resistance by the pathogen as well as limited clinical efficacy of marketed drugs demand the constant development of new antifungals. The presence of hydrocarbon chain of specific length linked with various different heterocycles was found to be an important structural feature in various antifungal lead compounds. Based on the prominent antimicrobial activity of β-carboline derivatives, a set of C1 alkylated tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives were proposed to be active against fungi. To validate and confirm the role of suitable alkyl chains linked to a β-carboline scaffold, few related analogues having C1 aryl substituents were also synthesized in one step via classic Pictet-Spengler reaction. The synthesized library was evaluated for its antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. kefyr, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. neoformans. One of the library members (compound 12c), with n-alkyl chain of eight carbons exhibited potent antifungal activity against C. glabrata and C. kefyr. The lead compound, being selectively toxic also demonstrated prominent synergy enhancing the potency of antifungal drugs up to 10-fold. The time kill kinetic studies confirmed the efficacy of compound 12c, where the results obtained were comparable to that of Amp B. FE-SEM analysis revealed the increased asymmetry, disintegration and roughness of cell surface which could be because of the possible interaction of compound 12c at membrane level or interference in cell wall structure. Apoptosis/necrosis detection assay confirmed the significant apoptotic activity in C. glabrata cells after 12c treatment which was responsible for the rapid killing of C. glabrata cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Aanchal Jaisingh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Indresh K Maurya
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | - Deepak B Salunke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India; National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics and Antimicrobials (NICOVIA), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
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Pomplun S, Mohamed MYH, Oelschlaegel T, Wellner C, Bergmann F. Efficient Pictet-Spengler Bioconjugation with N-Substituted Pyrrolyl Alanine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3542-3547. [PMID: 30653800 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We discovered N-pyrrolyl alanine derivatives as efficient reagents for the fast and selective Pictet-Spengler reaction with aldehyde-containing biomolecules. Other aldehyde-labeling methods described so far have several drawbacks, like hydrolytic instability, slow reaction kinetics or not readily available labeling reagents. Pictet-Spengler cyclizations of pyrrolyl 2-ethylamine substituted at the pyrrole nitrogen are significantly faster than with analogues substituted at the α- and β- position. Functionalized N-pyrrolyl alanine derivatives can be synthesized in only 2-3 steps from commercially available materials. The small size of the reagent, the high reaction rate, and the easy synthesis make pyrrolyl alanine Pictet-Spengler (PAPS) an attractive choice for bioconjugation reactions. PAPS was shown as an efficient strategy for the site-selective biotinylation of an antibody as well as for the condensation of nucleic-acid derivatives, demonstrating the versatility of this reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pomplun
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377, Penzberg, Germany.,Current address: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | - Frank Bergmann
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377, Penzberg, Germany
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7
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Ahmed NS. Tadalafil: 15 years' journey in male erectile dysfunction and beyond. Drug Dev Res 2018; 80:683-701. [PMID: 30548639 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Tadalafil, Cialis, Eli Lilly & Co./ICOS, (6R,12aR)-6-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-methyl-2,3,6,7,12,12a-hexahydropyrazino[1',2':1,6] pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1,4-dione, was first discovered in 2003. It was reported to have high diastereospecificity for phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitions. The cis-(6R, 12aR) enantiomer is the most active enantiomer. Tadalafil showed PDE5 inhibition with IC50 = 5 nM. It possesses high selectivity for PDE5 versus PDE1-4 and PDE6. Tadalafil is more selective to PDE5 against PDE6 whereas sildenafil, another commercially available PDE5 inhibitor shows similar potencies to inhibit PDE5 and PDE6. Tadalafil is used for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction (MED), prostatic benign hyperplasia (PBH) signs and symptoms, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Adcirca, another name for tadalafil, is used to treat PAH and improve exercise capacity. Recent clinical studies suggest the use of tadalafil for nonurological applications, including circulatory disorders (ischemia injury, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and stroke), neurodegenerative disorders, and cognitive impairment conditions. This review discusses tadalafil and its analogues reported in the past 15 years. It discusses synthetic pathways, structural activity relationships, existing and future pharmacological indications of tadalafil and its analogues. This work can help medicinal chemists developing novel PDE5 inhibitors with wider therapeutic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin S Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Martínez-Aquino C, Costero AM, Gil S, Gaviña P. A New Environmentally-Friendly Colorimetric Probe for Formaldehyde Gas Detection under Real Conditions. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102646. [PMID: 30332750 PMCID: PMC6222883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new environmentally-friendly, simple, selective and sensitive probe for detecting formaldehyde, based on naturally-occurring compounds, through either colorimetric or fluorescence changes, is described. The probe is able to detect formaldehyde in both solution and the gas phase with limits of detection of 0.24 mM and 0.7 ppm, respectively. The probe has been tested to study formaldehyde emission in contaminated real atmospheres. The supported probe is easy to use and to dispose, and is safe and suitable as an individual chemodosimeter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Aquino
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM). Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana M Costero
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM). Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biometariales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Salvador Gil
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM). Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biometariales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Pablo Gaviña
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM). Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biometariales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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der Poorten OV, Jida M, Tourwe D, Ballet S. Efficient One-Pot Access to Trisubstituted 2-Benzazepin-3-ones as Constrained Pseudopeptide Analogues and Privileged Scaffolds. Med Chem 2017; 14:400-408. [PMID: 28969573 DOI: 10.2174/1573406413666171002122233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzazepines received great attention in the field of medicinal chemistry since this scaffold has been recognized to belong to the important family of privileged templates. More specifically, the 4-amino-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-2-benzazepin-3-one (Aba) is used as a core structure in a variety of constrained therapeutic peptide (turn) mimetics.Most of the synthetic approaches towards this template have focused on cyclizations which form the central 7-membered azepine ring. OBJECTIVE Previous investigations in our group allowed an expansion of the substitution patterns in the 4-amino-benzazepin-3-one scaffold by introduction of methyl substituents at positions 4 and 5 of the azepinone ring system, but also to 1-aryl substituted compounds. These were the only trisubstituted analogues obtained to date. To introduce an additional point of diversification and conformational constraint useful for peptide mimicry, one can use bifunctional substrates in the Ugi reaction as reported in the present manuscript. METHOD The 1-carboxamido-substituted Aba scaffold has been synthesized via the Ugi-3CR reaction starting from N-Phth-protected 2-formyl-L-Phe-OH with a set of amine and isocyanide derivatives. The most suited reaction conditions were applied, involving preformation of the imine in MeOH (0.1 M) in the presence of anhydrous Na2SO4 during 2 hours at room temperature, followed by the addition of an equimolar quantity of isocyanide prior to heating the reaction mixture at 80 °C for 20 hours, using sealed vial reaction conditions. RESULTS The substituted Aba scaffolds were isolated in moderate yields (and diastereomeric ratio). This is due to the requirement for a double N-phthaloyl protection of the bifunctional building block, which prevents the use of an excess of amine reagent to drive the reaction conversion to completion, and some starting substrate always remains. Despite the moderate yields, the methodology is efficient since it only requires a limited number of synthetic steps in a final one-pot reaction. In most cases, the diastereomers could be separated by preparative RP-HPLC or via silica gel column chromatography. This is interesting from a medicinal chemistry point of view, since access is provided to the individual diastereomers. CONCLUSION We have developed an efficient and useful one-pot strategy to access 1-substituted 4- aminobenzazepinone (Aba) derivatives via the Ugi-3CR reaction. To the best of our knowledge, these scaffolds are only accessible through the presented methodology. The obtained structural complexity, as well as the substitution versatility of these trisubstituted scaffolds, will allow their use in various biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van der Poorten
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mouhamad Jida
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dirk Tourwe
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Wang Y, Madsen AØ, Diness F, Meldal M. Diversity-Oriented Syntheses by Combining CuAAC and Stereoselective INCIC Reactions with Peptides. Chemistry 2017; 23:13869-13874. [PMID: 28833706 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cascade reactions proceeding through peptide-derived N-carbamoyl iminium ions are reported. Two new reactions of N-carbamoyl iminium ions are described, including a stereoselective double cyclization generating N,N'-aminals and an acid-promoted auto-oxidation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the N,N'-aminal formation is reversible under strongly acidic conditions. Both of these new reactions proved to be completely orthogonal to subsequent CuAAC chemistry. The reactions were performed in solution and on solid support. The robustness and high stereoselectivity of the methodology holds great promise for applications in parallel diversity-oriented synthesis and in combinatorial synthesis for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Ø Madsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frederik Diness
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Meldal
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
An isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction (IMCR) utilized for the rapid assembly of novel, biologically relevant dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines-amidines is herein presented. Starting from 1-(2-aminophenyl)pyrroles, aldehydes, and isonitriles, the target heterocyclic scaffold is assembled in a one-pot, operationally friendly process. With three points of diversity and formation of three chemical bonds in one step, this strategy proves to be very general. Novel, mild methodology for the generation of amidines from secondary amine anilines and isonitriles is also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Medda
- University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, 1703 E. Mabel St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Oro Valley, 1580 E. Hanley Blvd., Oro Valley, AZ 85737, USA
| | - Christopher Hulme
- University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, 1703 E. Mabel St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Oro Valley, 1580 E. Hanley Blvd., Oro Valley, AZ 85737, USA
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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