Ancylobacter gelatini sp. nov., isolated from beach sediment of Zhairuo Island, China

A Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, methyl red-positive, and lipase-negative bacterium, designated A5.8^T, was isolated from beach sediment of Zhairuo Island located in the East China Sea. Growth occurred at 10-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5.5-9.5 (optimum, 7.5), and 0-2% NaCl (optimum, 1.5%). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain A5.8^T belongs to the genus Ancylobacter, sharing the highest similarity with Ancylobacter aquaticus JCM 20518^T (98.0%). Its polar lipids mainly consist of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). The predominant fatty acids are summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c, 91.0%), and the major respiratory quinone is Q-10. The DNA G + C content is 67.2 mol%. Based on above analysis, as well as digital DNA-DNA hybridization (22.5-22.9%) and average nucleotide identity (83.0-83.6%) of strain A5.8^T with reference type strains of the genus Ancylobacter, strain A5.8^T was suggested to represent a novel species of the genus Ancylobacter, for which the name Ancylobacter gelatini sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A5.8^T (= MCCC 1K07167^T = LMG 32566^T).

Oceaniglobus trochenteri sp. nov., isolated from the gut microflora of top shell (Trochus maculatus Linnaeus)

A Gram-stain negative, non-flagellated, beige-pigmented, circular, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive bacterium, designated G4^T, was isolated from gut microflora of top shell (Trochus maculatus Linnaeus) collected from Diwanggong market, Weihai, People's Republic of China. The novel isolate was able to grow at 4-42 °C (optimum 25-33 °C), pH 7.0-9.0 (optimum 6.5-7.0) and with 0.0-11.0% NaCl (optimum 2.0-3.0%, w/v). Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain G4^T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Oceaniglobus ichthyenteri YLY08^T (96.6%), followed by Oceaniglobus indicus 1-19b^T (95.3%). The genome of strain G4^T, with 32 assembled contigs, was 4.5 Mb long with a G+C content of 65.3 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization values of the isolate against the closely related type strains were far below the 70% limit for species delineation. The average amino acid identity, average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA genome hybridization relatedness between strain G4^T and the closely related members of the genus Oceaniglobus, Oceaniglobus indicus1-19b^T and Oceaniglobus ichthyenteri YLY08^T were 71.3, 76.4 and 20.0%, and 75.0, 76.3 and 19.4%. The major cellular fatty acid was summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). The sole respiratory quinone was Q-10. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine. The results of phenotypical, phylogenetic and biochemical analyses indicated that strain G4^T represents a novel species in genus Oceaniglobus within the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Oceaniglobus trochenteri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G4^T (= MCCC 1K04356^T = KCTC 82506^T).

Hyphomicrobium album sp. nov., isolated from mountain soil and emended description of genus Hyphomicrobium

A soil bacterium, designated XQ2^T, was isolated from Lang Mountain in Hunan province, P. R. China. The strain is Gram stain negative, facultative anaerobic, and the cells are motile and rod-shaped. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain XQ2^T shared the highest similarities with Hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans S1^T (97.1%), Pedomicrobium manganicum ACM 3038^T (95.9%) and Hyphomicrobium aestuarii DSM 1564^T (95.4%) and grouped with H. sulfonivorans S1^T. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values and the DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain XQ2^T and H. sulfonivorans S1^T were 86.6% and 55.4% respectively. Strain XQ2^T had a genome size of 3.91 Mb and the average G+C content was 65.1%. The major fatty acids (> 5%) were C_18:1ω6c, C_18:1ω7c, C_19:0 cyclo ω8c, C_16:0 and C_18:0. The major respiratory quinone was Q-9 (82.8%) and the minor one was Q-8 (17.2%). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain XQ2^T represents a novel species of the genus Hyphomicrobium, for which the name Hyphomicrobium album sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XQ2^T (= KCTC 82378^T = CCTCC AB 2020178^T). The genus description is also emended.

Actinoplanes aureus sp. nov., a novel protease-producing actinobacterium isolated from soil

A novel protease-producing actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-A11^T, was isolated from soil collected from Aohan banner, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, and characterised using a polyphasic approach. The hydrolytic enzymes, such as proteases, played critical roles in destruction of fungi by degrading the protein linkages to disrupt integrity in the cell wall. This suggested that the isolate could be a good biocontrol candidate against pathogens to control fungal diseases. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NEAU-A11^T was indicated to belong to the genus Actinoplanes and was most closely related to Actinoplanes rectilineatus JCM 3194 ^T (98.9%). Cell walls contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the whole-cell sugars were arabinose, xylose and glucose. The phospholipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and two phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H₄), MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈). The major fatty acids were C_18:0, C_16:0, C_18:1 ω9c, C_17:0 and C_15:0. Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 10,742,096 bp, a G + C content of 70.5% and 9,514 protein-coding genes (CDS), including 102 genes coding for protease. Moreover, Genome analysis showed that strain NEAU-A11^T contained 255 glycoside hydrolases (GHs), 152 glycosyl transferases (GTs), 40 carbohydrate esterases (CEs), 26 polysaccharide lyases (PLs), and 12 auxiliary activities (AAs) genes. Genome mining analysis using antiSMASH 5.0 led to the identification of 20 putative gene clusters responsible for the production of diverse secondary metabolites. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain formed a stable clade with A. rectilineatus JCM 3194 ^T in the genus Actinoplanes. Whole-genome phylogeny showed strain NEAU-A11^T formed a stable phyletic line with Actinoplanes lutulentus DSM 45883 ^T (97.6%). However, whole-genome average nucleotide identity value between strain NEAU-A11^T and its reference strains A. rectilineatus JCM 3194 ^T and A. lutulentus DSM 45883 ^T were found to be 81.1% and 81.6%, respectively. The levels of digital DNA-DNA hybridization between them were 24.6% (22.2-27.0%) and 24.8% (22.5-27.3%), respectively. The values were well below the criteria for species delineation of 70% for dDDH and 95-96% for ANI, suggesting that the isolate differed genetically from its closely related type strain. The content of G + C in genomic DNA was 70.5%, within the range of 67-76%. In addition, evidences from phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic studies indicated that strain NEAU-A11^T represents a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes, for which the name Actinoplanes aureus sp. nov. is proposed, with NEAU-A11^T (= CCTCC AA 2019063 ^T = JCM 33971 ^T) as the type strain.

Sphingobacterium phlebotomi sp. nov., a new member of family Sphingobacteriaceae isolated from sand fly rearing substrate

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated type strain SSI9T, was isolated from sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli; Diptera: Psychodidae) rearing substrate and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic analysis. Strain SSI9T contained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid, MK-7 as the predominant quinone, and C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that SSI9T represents a member of the genus Sphingobacterium, of the family Sphingobacteriaceae sharing 96.5-88.0 % sequence similarity with other species of the genus Sphingobacterium. The results of multilocus sequence analysis using the concatenated sequences of the housekeeping genes recA, rplC and groL indicated that SSI9T formed a separate branch in the genus Sphingobacterium. The genome of SSI9T is 5 197 142 bp with a DNA G+C content of 41.8 mol% and encodes 4395 predicted coding sequences, 49 tRNAs, and three complete rRNAs and two partial rRNAs. SSI9T could be distinguished from other species of the genus Sphingobacterium with validly published names by several phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics. On the basis of the results of this polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the bacterial isolate represents a novel species within the genus Sphingobacterium, for which the name Sphingobacterium phlebotomi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SSI9T (=ATCC TSD-210T=LMG 31664T=NRRL B-65603T).

Micromonospora rubida sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from soil of Harbin

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-HG-1^T, was isolated from soil collected from Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China and characterised using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NEAU-HG-1^T belonged to the genus Micromonospora, and shared high sequence similarities with Micromonospora auratinigra DSM 44815^T (98.9%) and Micromonospora coerulea DSM 43143^T (98.7%). Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain also supported its assignment to the genus Micromonospora. Cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars were arabinose and xylose. The polar lipid contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, glycolipid and phosphatidylinositol. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H₂), MK-10(H₄) and MK-10(H₆). The major fatty acids were C_17:0 cycle, iso-C_15:0, and iso-C_16:0. Furthermore, strain NEAU-HG-1^T displayed a DNA-DNA relatedness of 33.8 ± 2.2% with M. coerulea DSM 43143^T. The level of digital DNA-DNA hybridization between strain NEAU-HG-1^T and M. auratinigra DSM 44815^T was 27.2% (24.8-29.7%). The value was well below the criteria for species delineation of 70% for dDDH. Whole-genome average nucleotide identity analyses result also indicated that the isolate should be assigned to a new species under the genus Micromonospora. Therefore, it is concluded that strain NEAU-HG-1^T represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora rubida sp. nov. is proposed, with NEAU-HG-1^T (= CGMCC 4.7479^T = JCM 32386^T) as the type strain.

Sediminibacterium soli sp. nov., isolated from soil

A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic strain, designated WSJ-3^T, was isolated from soil. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain WSJ-3^T belongs to genus Sediminibacterium and exhibits the highest sequence similarities to Sediminibacterium roseum SYL130^T (97.0%), Sediminibacterium goheungense DSM 28323^T (96.9%), Sediminibacterium aquarii AA5^T (96.7%), and Sediminibacterium salmoneum NBRC 103935^T (95.2%). The average nucleotide identity values of strain WSJ-3^T/S. roseum SYL130^T and strain WSJ-3^T/S. goheungense DSM 28323^T are 72.2% and 70.4%, respectively, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values for these are 19.2% and 19.1%, respectively. Strain WSJ-3^T has a genome size of 3.88 Mb, with a DNA G + C content of 50.1 mol% and comprises of 3263 predicted genes. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the genomic core protein coding sequences revealed that strain WSJ-3^T clusters with S. roseum SYL130^T. Strain WSJ-3^T has menaquinone-7 as the only respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified phospholipids, four unidentified aminophospholipids, two unidentified aminolipids, and three unidentified lipids as the polar lipids. The major fatty acids of strain WSJ-3^T are iso-C_15:0, iso-C_17:0 3-OH, and iso-C_15:1 G. On the basis of the polyphasic results, the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Sediminibacterium, for which the name Sediminibacterium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WSJ-3^T (= KCTC 72839^T = CCTCC AB 2019408^T).

Streptomyces triticagri sp. nov. and Streptomyces triticirhizae sp. nov., two novel Actinobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Two novel Actinobacteria, designated strains NEAU-YY421^T and NEAU-YY642^T, were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) collected from Zhumadian, Henan Province, PR China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains NEAU-YY421^T and NEAU-YY642^T belonged to the genus Streptomyces and strain NEAU-YY421^T was most closely related to Streptomyces fumanus CGMCC 4.1732^T (97.9 % sequence similarity) and Streptomyces naganishii DSM 40282^T (97.8 %), and that of strain NEAU-YY642^T to Streptomyces zhaozhouensis LZS-5^T (98.0 %) and Streptomyces sedi YIM 65188^T (97.5 %). The cell walls of the two strains contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were glucose and ribose. Multilocus sequence analysis using the concatenated sequences of the atp D, gyr B, rec A, rpo B and trp B genes showed that the two strains formed separate branches in the genus Streptomyces. Moreover, a combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and cultural and physiological properties indicated that the two strains can be distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, strains NEAU-YY421^T and NEAU-YY642^T belong to two novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the names Streptomyces triticagri sp. nov. (NEAU-YY421^T=CGMCC 4.7476^T=DSM 106775^T) and Streptomyces triticirhizae sp. nov. (NEAU-YY642^T=CCTCC AA 2018092^T=DSM 107172^T) are proposed, respectively.

Cryobacterium tepidiphilum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of lettuce (var. ramosa Hort.)

A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain NEAU-85T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of lettuce and characterised using a polyphasic approach. Strain NEAU-85T was found to be catalase positive, motile and able to grow at between 10 and 30 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NEAU-85T belongs to the genus Cryobacterium and is closely related to the type strain Cryobacterium psychrotolerans JCM 13925T (98.5%) and also to Leifsonia kafniensis NCCB 100216T (97.6%). Multilocus sequence analysis using the concatenated gene sequences of the atpD, dnaK, recA, rpoB, sevY and ychF genes showed that strain NEAU-85T belongs to the genus Cryobacterium. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization values revealed that strain NEAU-85T is distinct from its close phylogenetic neighbour C. psychrotolerans. The menaquinones were identified as MK-10 and MK-11. The phospholipid profile was found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:1 and iso-C16:0. The genomic DNA G + C content of strain NEAU-85T was determined to be 68.9 mol%. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between them was less than 70%. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strain NEAU-85T can be concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Cryobacterium, for which the name Cryobacterium tepidiphilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-85T (= CCTCC AA 2018035T = JCM 32545T).

Kribbella jiaozuonensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-THZ27^T, was isolated from soil collected from the Cornel peak in Jiaozuo, Henan Province, PR China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with those of members of the genusKribbella. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-THZ27^T belongs to the genus Kribbella and was most closely related to Kribbella podocarpi YPL1^T (98.96 %), Kribbella karoonensis Q41^T (98.89 %), Kribbella aluminosa HKI 0478^T (98.86%) and Kribbella hippodromi S1.4^T (98.85 %), similarities to other type strains of species of the genus Kribbella were found to be less than 98.7 %. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence and multilocus sequence analysis using the concatenated gene sequences of the gyrB, rpoB, recA, relA and atpD genes all showed that the strain formed a separate branch in the genus Kribbella. The cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the major diamino acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were ribose and glucose. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H₄). Major fatty acids were iso-C_16 : 0, iso-C_14 : 0 and anteiso-C_15 : 0, these chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain NEAU-THZ27^T to the genus Kribbella. The DNA G+C content was 68.0 mol%. Furthermore, the strain could be clearly distinguished by concatenated gene genetic distances, the combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-THZ27^T represents a novel species of the genus Kribbella, for which the name Kribbella jiaozuonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-THZ27^T (=CGMCC 4.7504^T=DSM 105535^T).

Actinomadura logoneensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from the soil

One novel actinobacterial isolate, designated strain NEAU-G17^T, was isolated from muddy soil collected from a riverbank in Chad and characterised using polyphasic approach. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of this strain coincided with those of the genus Actinomadura. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-G17^T was most closely related to Actinomadura oligospora JCM 10648^T (98.7 %) and Actinomadura gamaensis NEAU-Gz5^T (98.6 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NEAU-G17^T formed a cluster with Actinomadura oligospora JCM 10648^T, Actinomadura gamaensis NEAU-Gz5^T and Actinomadura rupiterrae CS5-AC15^T (96.4 %). However, the combination of DNA-DNA hybridisation values and some phenotypic characteristics allowed the isolate to be differentiated from their most closely related species. The major menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H₄), MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈). Their polar lipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids were identified as C_16 : 0, iso-C_16 : 0 and C_18 : 1 ω9c. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-G17^T should be classified as representative of a novel species of the genus Actinomadura, for which the name Actinomadura logoneensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strains is NEAU-G17^T (=CGMCC 4.7411^T=DSM 105122^T).

Pseudonocardia tritici sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

An aerobic, non-motile, Gram-stain positive actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-YY211^T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) collected from Zhumadian, Henan Province, mid-eastern China, and characterised taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-YY211^T belongs to the genus Pseudonocardia, showing high similarities with respect to Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T (99.1%) and Pseudonocardia antitumoralis SCSIO 01299^T (99.0%), respectively. The cell wall was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole cell sugars were identified as arabinose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone of strain NEAU-YY211^T was identified as MK-8(H₄) and the major fatty acids were identified as iso-C_16:0, C_17:1ω8c and iso-C_16:1. The phospholipid profile was found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified phospholipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 72.6 mol%. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness with P. ammonioxydans JCM 12462^T and P. antitumoralis DSM 45322^T were 54.5 ± 3.5% and 49.8 ± 2.5% (mean ± SD), respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic and genotypic data, it is concluded that the isolate can be distinguished from closely related type strains and thus represents a novel species of the genus Pseudonocardia, for which the name Pseudonocardia tritici sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-YY211^T (= DSM 106068^T = CGMCC 4.7474^T).

Bhargavaea changchunensis sp. nov. isolated from soil in China

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped (201802YP6^T) bacteria was isolated from soil, Northeast of China. Growth occurred at 10-40 °C (optimum 25-30 °C), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum 7.0) and at 0-2% NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the nearest phylogenetic neighbors of strain 201802YP6^T were identified as Bhargavaea cecembensis DSE10^T (99.52%), Bhargavaea beijingensis ge10^T (99.45%), Bhargavaea indica KJW98^T (99.45%), Bhargavaea ullalensis ZMA19^T (98.81%), and Bhargavaea ginsengi ge14^T (98.76%). Levels of similarity among strain 201802YP6^T and other Bhargavaea species were lower than 98.76%. GyrB amino acid sequence-based analysis supported the phylogenetic position and also distinguished strain 201802YP6^T from the other species of the genus Bhargavaea. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 201802YP6^T and B. cecembensis, B. beijingensis, B. indica, B. ullalensis, B. ginsengi were 43.5%, 43%, 32.5%, 30.5% and 20.4%, respectively. The DNA G + C content of strain 201802YP6^T was 51.23 mol%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) of the draft genome was 87.04% to B. cecembensis DSE10^T. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidyllipid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8. The major fatty acids were iso-C_15:0 (39.91%), anteiso-C_15:0 (28.86%), anteiso-C_17:0 (6.30%) and C_16:0 (6.13%). On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, chemotaxonomic data, physiological characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization data, strain 201802YP6^T represents a novel species of the genus Bhargavaea, for which the name Bhargavaea changchunensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 201802YP6^T (= CGMCC 1.13508^T = KCTC 33975^T).

Nonomuraea rhizosphaerae sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg)

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-mq18^T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) collected from Xianglu Mountain in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate belongs to the genus Nonomuraea with high sequence similarity to Nonomuraea guangzhouensis NEAU-ZJ3^T (98.5%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain clusters phylogenetically with N. guangzhouensis NEAU-ZJ3^T and Nonomuraea glycinis NEAU-BB2C19^T. Moreover, key chemotaxonomic properties including the major menaquinones, fatty acid composition and phospholipid profile also confirmed the affiliation of the strain to the genus Nonomuraea. However, some physiological, morphological and biochemical properties, and low DNA-DNA relatedness values, enabled the strain to be differentiated from closely related species of the genus Nonomuraea. Thus, strain NEAU-mq18^T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-mq18^T (=CGMCC 4.7431^T=DSM 105761^T).

Nonomuraea lycopersici sp. nov., isolated from the root of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Two novel bacterial strains were isolated from the roots of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from Dengfeng, Henan Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates NEAU-DE8(1)^T and NEAU-HE1(2) are closely related to one another (99.6% similarity) and are closely relate to Nonomuraea zeae NEAU-ND5^T (98.3, 98.3%) and Nonomuraea gerenzanensis DSM 100948^T (98.3, 98.0%). Phylogenetic trees constructed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both strains grouped with N. zeae NEAU-ND5^T within the clade comprising the members of the genus Nonomuraea. Moreover, key chemotaxonomic properties including major menaquinones, fatty acid composition and phospholipid profiles also confirmed the affiliation of the two strains to the genus Nonomuraea. However, DNA-DNA hybridization data, together with physiological and morphological properties, showed that two isolates could be readily distinguished from their close phylogenetic relatives. Thus, on the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, strains NEAU-DE8(1)^T and NEAU-HE1(2) are concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea lycopersici sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-DE8(1)^T (= CGMCC 4.7412^T = DSM 104642^T).