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Chen S, Wang H, Du J, Ding Z, Wang T, Zhang L, Yang J, Guan Y, Chen C, Li M, Hei Z, Tao Y, Yao W. Near-infrared light-activatable, analgesic nanocomposite delivery system for comprehensive therapy of diabetic wounds in rats. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122467. [PMID: 38224643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis, bacterial infection, persistent severe pain, exacerbated inflammation, and oxidative stress injury are intractable problems in the treatment of chronic diabetic ulcer wounds. A strategy that effectively targets all these issues has proven challenging. Herein, an in-situ sprayable nanoparticle-gel composite comprising platinum clusters (Pt) loaded-mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) nanoparticle and QX-314-loaded fibrin gel (Pt@MPDA/QX314@Fibrin) was developed for diabetic wound analgesia and therapy. The composite shows good local analgesic effect of QX-314 mediated by near-infrared light (NIR) activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel, as well as multifunctional therapeutic effects of rapid hemostasis, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antibacterial properties that benefit the fast-healing of diabetic wounds. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the composite, with good biodegradability and biosafety, significantly relieved wound pain by inhibiting the expression of c-Fos in the dorsal root ganglion and the activation of glial cells in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Consequently, our designed sprayable Pt@MPDA/QX314@Fibrin composite with good biocompatibility, NIR activation of TRPV1 channel-mediated QX-314 local wound analgesia and comprehensive treatments, is promising for chronic diabetic wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jingyi Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhendong Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tienan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Linan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chaojin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Dias FC, Wang Z, Scapellato G, Chen Y. Silencing of TRPV4-expressing sensory neurons attenuates temporomandibular disorders pain. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231185696. [PMID: 37343249 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231185696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of potential therapeutic targets is needed for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain, the most common form of orofacial pain, because current treatments lack efficacy. Considering TMD pain is critically mediated by the trigeminal ganglion (TG) sensory neurons, functional blockade of nociceptive neurons in the TG may provide an effective approach for mitigating pain associated with TMD. We have previously shown that TRPV4, a polymodally-activated ion channel, is expressed in TG nociceptive neurons. Yet, it remains unexplored whether functional silencing of TRPV4-expressing TG neurons attenuates TMD pain. In this study, we demonstrated that co-application of a positively charged, membrane-impermeable lidocaine derivative QX-314 with the TRPV4 selective agonist GSK101 suppressed the excitability of TG neurons. Moreover, co-administration of QX-314 and GSK101 into the TG significantly attenuated pain in mouse models of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation and masseter muscle injury. Collectively, these results suggest TRPV4-expressing TG neurons represent a potential target for TMD pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana C Dias
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Tochitsky I, Jo S, Andrews N, Kotoda M, Doyle B, Shim J, Talbot S, Roberson D, Lee J, Haste L, Jordan SM, Levy BD, Bean BP, Woolf CJ. Inhibition of inflammatory pain and cough by a novel charged sodium channel blocker. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3905-3923. [PMID: 33988876 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many pain-triggering nociceptor neurons express TRPV1 or TRPA1, cation-selective channels with large pores that enable permeation of QX-314, a cationic analogue of lidocaine. Co-application of QX-314 with TRPV1 or TRPA1 activators can silence nociceptors. In this study, we describe BW-031, a novel more potent cationic sodium channel inhibitor, and test whether its application alone can inhibit pain associated with tissue inflammation and whether this strategy can also inhibit cough. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We tested the ability of BW-031 to inhibit pain in three models of tissue inflammation:- inflammation in rat paws produced by complete Freund's adjuvant or by surgical incision and a mouse ultraviolet (UV) burn model. We tested the ability of BW-031 to inhibit cough induced by inhalation of dilute citric acid in guinea pigs. KEY RESULTS BW-031 inhibited Nav 1.7 and Nav 1.1 channels with approximately sixfold greater potency than QX-314 when introduced inside cells. BW-031 inhibited inflammatory pain in all three models tested, producing more effective and longer-lasting inhibition of pain than QX-314 in the mouse UV burn model. BW-031 was effective in reducing cough counts by 78%-90% when applied intratracheally under isoflurane anaesthesia or by aerosol inhalation in guinea pigs with airway inflammation produced by ovalbumin sensitization. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS BW-031 is a novel cationic sodium channel inhibitor that can be applied locally as a single agent to inhibit inflammatory pain. BW-031 can also effectively inhibit cough in a guinea pig model of citric acid-induced cough, suggesting a new clinical approach to treating cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tochitsky
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nick Andrews
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masakazu Kotoda
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin Doyle
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jaehoon Shim
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Départément de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David Roberson
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinbo Lee
- Sage Partner International, Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louise Haste
- Pharmacology Department, Covance Inc., Huntingdon, UK
| | | | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kanda H, Yang Y, Duan S, Kogure Y, Wang S, Iwaoka E, Ishikawa M, Takeda S, Sonoda H, Mizuta K, Aoki S, Yamamoto S, Noguchi K, Dai Y. Atractylodin Produces Antinociceptive Effect through a Long-Lasting TRPA1 Channel Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3614. [PMID: 33807167 PMCID: PMC8036394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodin (ATR) is a bioactive component found in dried rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea (AL) De Candolle. Although AL has accumulated empirical evidence for the treatment of pain, the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-pain effect of ATR remains unclear. In this study, we found that ATR increases transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) single-channel activity in hTRPA1 expressing HEK293 cells. A bath application of ATR produced a long-lasting calcium response, and the response was completely diminished in the dorsal root ganglion neurons of TRPA1 knockout mice. Intraplantar injection of ATR evoked moderate and prolonged nociceptive behavior compared to the injection of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). Systemic application of ATR inhibited AITC-induced nociceptive responses in a dose-dependent manner. Co-application of ATR and QX-314 increased the noxious heat threshold compared with AITC in vivo. Collectively, we concluded that ATR is a unique agonist of TRPA1 channels, which produces long-lasting channel activation. Our results indicated ATR-mediated anti-nociceptive effect through the desensitization of TRPA1-expressing nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirosato Kanda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
- Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yanjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Shaoqi Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yoko Kogure
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Emiko Iwaoka
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Miku Ishikawa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Saki Takeda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Hidemi Sonoda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Kyoka Mizuta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shunji Aoki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe 650-8530, Japan; (H.K.); (Y.Y.); (S.D.); (Y.K.); (S.W.); (E.I.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (H.S.); (K.M.); (S.A.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
- Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
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Abstract
Local anesthetics have the advantage of complete analgesia with fewer side effects compared to systemic analgesics. However, their clinical use is limited due to their short duration of action. Thus, local anesthetics with fast onset, long duration of action, selective nociceptive block, and low local and systemic toxicity are highly desirable. In the past electrophysiological studies, quaternary lidocaine derivatives (QLDs) showed these characteristics. Here, we review electrophysiological properties of QLDs and their pharmacodynamic characteristics to shed light on potential problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Hwang SM, Lee K, Im ST, Go EJ, Kim YH, Park CK. Co-Application of Eugenol and QX-314 Elicits the Prolonged Blockade of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Nociceptive Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1513. [PMID: 33167484 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Local anesthetics (LAs) can completely block nociception by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), and thus, blocking action potentials (APs) within sensory neurons. As one of the several LAs, eugenol is used for dental pain treatment. It reportedly features multiple functions in regulating diverse ion channels. This study aimed to investigate the long-lasting analgesic effect of eugenol alone, as well as that of the combination of eugenol as a noxious-heat-sensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel agonist and a permanently charged sodium channel blocker (QX-314), on neuronal excitability in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. Eugenol alone increased inward current in a dose-dependent manner in capsaicin-sensitive TG neurons. Eugenol also inhibited the VGSC current and AP. These effects were reversed through wash-out. The combination of eugenol and QX-314 was evaluated in the same manner. The combination completely inhibited the VGSC current and AP. However, these effects were not reversed and were continuously blocked even after wash-out. Taken together, our results suggest that, in contrast to the effect of eugenol alone, the combination of eugenol and QX-314 irreversibly and selectively blocked VGSCs in TG neurons expressing TRPV1.
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Zakir HM, Masuda Y, Kitagawa J. A novel approach for detection of functional expression of TRPV1 channels on regenerated neurons following nerve injury. J Oral Sci 2020; 62:136-139. [PMID: 32074545 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.19-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a polymodal receptor channel, which plays an important role in pain transduction. It is important to understand the functional expression of this channel under neuropathic pain (NP) conditions. A novel method was used to investigate the dynamics of functional expression of this channel on regenerated neurons under NP conditions following trigeminal nerve injury using a combination of a permanently charged sodium channel blocker (QX-314) and a TRPV1 agonist (capsaicin; QX-CAP). The combination was originally introduced as a local anesthetic. Synchronization between the local anesthetic effect of QX-CAP and TRPV1 expression on regenerated neurons was observed following the nerve injury. QX-CAP had no local anesthetic effect under NP conditions 2 weeks after the injury when TRPV1 expression on regenerated neurons was low. However, this combination was effective under NP conditions 3 and 4 weeks following injury when TRPV1 expression in regenerated neurons was moderate to high. The current review, discusses the potential of QX-314 as a local anesthetic and a novel approach of using QX-CAP to reveal the dynamics of functional expression of TRPV1 on regenerated neurons following trigeminal nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossain M Zakir
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University
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Hu Y, Yu X, Yu S. QX-314 inhibits acid-induced activation of esophageal nociceptive C fiber neurons. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019; 31:e13543. [PMID: 30663188 PMCID: PMC6452878 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acid reflux in the esophagus can induce painful sensations such as heartburn and non-cardiac chest pain. These nociceptive symptoms are initiated by activation of TRPV1-positive afferent C fibers in the esophagus. The present study aimed to explore a novel C fiber inhibition approach. We hypothesized that activation of TRPV1 by acid enabled QX-314, a membrane impermeable sodium channel blocker, to inhibit acid-induced activation of esophageal nociceptive C fiber neurons. METHOD We determined the inhibitory effect of QX-314 in the presence of acid in guinea pig esophageal nociceptive vagal jugular C fiber neurons by both patch clamp recording in neuron soma and by extra-cellular recording at nerve terminals. KEY RESULTS Our data demonstrated QX-314 alone did not inhibit sodium currents. However, when applied along with capsaicin to activate TRPV1, QX-314 was able to block sodium currents in esophageal-specific jugular C fiber neurons. We then showed that in the presence of acid, QX-314 significantly blocked acid-evoked activation of jugular C fiber neurons. This effect was attenuated by TRPV1 antagonist AMG9810, suggesting acid-mediated inhibitory effect of QX-314 was TRPV1-dependent. Finally, we provided evidence at nerve endings that acid-evoked action potential discharges in esophageal jugular C fibers were inhibited by QX-314 when applied in the presence of acid. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES Our data demonstrated that activation of TRPV1 by acid enabled membrane impermeable sodium channel blocker QX-314 to inhibit acid-induced activation in esophageal nociceptive C fibers. This supports a localized application of QX-314 in the esophagus to block esophageal nociception in acid reflux disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaoyong Yu
- Corresponding: Shaoyong Yu, MD, MPH., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Ross Research Building, Room 945, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore 21205, Phone: (410) 502-2455,
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Yoon JH, Son JY, Kim MJ, Kang SH, Ju JS, Bae YC, Ahn DK. Preemptive application of QX-314 attenuates trigeminal neuropathic mechanical allodynia in rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 22:331-341. [PMID: 29719455 PMCID: PMC5928346 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of preemptive analgesia on the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain. For this purpose, mechanical allodynia was evaluated in male Sprague-Dawley rats using chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION) and perineural application of 2% QX-314 to the infraorbital nerve. CCI-ION produced severe mechanical allodynia, which was maintained until postoperative day (POD) 30. An immediate single application of 2% QX-314 to the infraorbital nerve following CCI-ION significantly reduced neuropathic mechanical allodynia. Immediate double application of QX-314 produced a greater attenuation of mechanical allodynia than a single application of QX-314. Immediate double application of 2% QX-314 reduced the CCI-ION-induced upregulation of GFAP and p-p38 expression in the trigeminal ganglion. The upregulated p-p38 expression was co-localized with NeuN, a neuronal cell marker. We also investigated the role of voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) in the antinociception produced by preemptive application of QX-314 through analysis of the changes in Nav expression in the trigeminal ganglion following CCI-ION. Preemptive application of QX-314 significantly reduced the upregulation of Nav1.3, 1.7, and 1.9 produced by CCI-ION. These results suggest that long-lasting blockade of the transmission of pain signaling inhibits the development of neuropathic pain through the regulation of Nav isoform expression in the trigeminal ganglion. Importantly, these results provide a potential preemptive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neuropathic pain after nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ho Yoon
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jo-Young Son
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Song-Hee Kang
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Ju
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Bae
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Dong-Kuk Ahn
- Department of Oral Physiology School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
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Zhao W, Yin Q, Liu J, Zhang W, Yang L. Addition of dexmedetomidine to QX-314 enhances the onset and duration of sciatic nerve block in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:388-394. [PMID: 28886259 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An experimental set-up was designed to observe whether adding dexmedetomidine to QX-314 would enhance the onset and duration of sensory and motor function in a rat sciatic nerve block model. Fifty-six Sprague-Dawley rats received unilateral sciatic nerve blocks with 0.2 mL of 35 mmol/L QX-314 alone, dexmedetomidine (5.3 μmol/L (1 μg/kg), 26.4 μmol/L (5 μg/kg), 52.8 μmol/L (10 μg/kg)) alone, or a combination of the two. Thermal nociception and motor function were assessed by an investigator blinded to the drug treatment, and sciatic nerves and perineural tissues were harvested at 14 days after injection. In addition, we examined the effects of these solutions on compound action potentials in isolated frog sciatic nerves. Dexmedetomidine added to QX-314 enhanced the onset and duration of thermal nociception block and motor block (P < 0.05) without aggravating histopathological injuries. Furthermore, 52.8 μmol/L dexmedetomidine added to 35 mmol/L QX-314 showed less inflammation than QX-314 alone at 14 days (P = 0.003). Dexmedetomidine plus QX-314 was shown to dose-dependently reduce the compound action potentials relative to QX-314 alone (P < 0.05). It was concluded that co-administration of QX-314 with a clinical dose of dexmedetomidine produced a synergistic anesthetic effect to enhance the effect of sciatic nerve block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Zhao
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinqin Yin
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Linghui Yang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine & Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Wang Q, Yin Q, Yang J, Ke B, Yang L, Liu J, Zhang W. Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity and resuscitation of rats of a newly developed mixture of a QX-314 analog and levobupivacaine. J Pain Res 2017; 10:737-746. [PMID: 28392712 PMCID: PMC5376121 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s126396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to evaluate the cardiotoxicity of a QX-314 analog (QX-OH) and a mixture of QX-OH and levobupivacaine (LL-1) and to compare the ability to resuscitate rats after asystole induced by levobupivacaine (Levo-BUP), QX-314, QX-OH, and LL-1. Methods First, we used the “up-and-down” method to determine median dose resulting in appearance of cardiotoxicity (CD50C) and asystole (CD50A) of Levo-BUP, QX-314, QX-OH, and LL-1 in rats. Safety index (SI; ratio of CD50C compared with 2-fold median effective dose needed to produce sensory blockade) of the 4 drugs was calculated. Isobolograms were used for drug interaction analysis. Second, rats received 1.2-fold CD50A in the 4 groups. When asystole occurred, standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started and continued for 30 min or until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with native rate–pressure product ≥30% baseline for 5 min. Results Ranking of CD50C was Levo-BUP < QX-314 ≈ QX-OH. Ranking of CD50A was Levo-BUP < QX-314 < QX-OH. However, the SI of Levo-BUP was significantly higher than that of QX-314 (10.60 vs. 1.20) or QX-OH (10.60 vs. 1.44). The SI of LL-1 was similar to that of Levo-BUP. Nonsynergistic interaction was observed for cardiac effects between QX-OH and Levo-BUP. ROSC was attained initially by 8 of 8 rats in the Levo-BUP group, 3 of 8 in the QX-314 group, 6 of 8 in the QX-OH group, and 8 of 8 in the LL-1 group. Sustained recovery was achieved in the Levo-BUP group but not in the other groups. Conclusion Levo-BUP and LL-1 are safer than QX-314 or QX-OH. Cardiac effects between QX-OH and Levo-BUP were nonsynergistic. Initial successful resuscitation could be achieved in the QX-OH- and LL-1-induced asystole, but advanced life support might be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology
| | | | - Jun Yang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Yang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology; Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Hofmann ME, Largent-Milnes TM, Fawley JA, Andresen MC. External QX-314 inhibits evoked cranial primary afferent synaptic transmission independent of TRPV1. J Neurophysiol 2014; 112:2697-706. [PMID: 25185814 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00316.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell-impermeant lidocaine derivative QX-314 blocks sodium channels via intracellular mechanisms. In somatosensory nociceptive neurons, open transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptors provide a transmembrane passageway for QX-314 to produce long-lasting analgesia. Many cranial primary afferents express TRPV1 at synapses on neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract and caudal trigeminal nucleus (Vc). Here, we investigated whether QX-314 interrupts neurotransmission from primary afferents in rat brain-stem slices. Shocks to the solitary tract (ST) activated highly synchronous evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (ST-EPSCs). Application of 300 μM QX-314 increased the ST-EPSC latency from TRPV1+ ST afferents, but, surprisingly, it had similar actions at TRPV1- ST afferents. Continued exposure to QX-314 blocked evoked ST-EPSCs at both afferent types. Neither the time to onset of latency changes nor the time to ST-EPSC failure differed between responses for TRPV1+ and TRPV1- inputs. Likewise, the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine failed to prevent the actions of QX-314. Whereas QX-314 blocked ST-evoked release, the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous EPSCs remained unaltered. In neurons exposed to QX-314, intracellular current injection evoked action potentials suggesting a presynaptic site of action. QX-314 acted similarly at Vc neurons to increase latency and block EPSCs evoked from trigeminal tract afferents. Our results demonstrate that QX-314 blocked nerve conduction in cranial primary afferents without interrupting the glutamate release mechanism or generation of postsynaptic action potentials. The TRPV1 independence suggests that QX-314 either acted extracellularly or more likely entered these axons through an undetermined pathway common to all cranial primary afferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie E Hofmann
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Tally M Largent-Milnes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jessica A Fawley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michael C Andresen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Brenneis C, Kistner K, Puopolo M, Jo S, Roberson D, Sisignano M, Segal D, Cobos EJ, Wainger BJ, Labocha S, Ferreirós N, von Hehn C, Tran J, Geisslinger G, Reeh PW, Bean BP, Woolf CJ. Bupivacaine-induced cellular entry of QX-314 and its contribution to differential nerve block. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:438-51. [PMID: 24117225 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Selective nociceptor fibre block is achieved by introducing the cell membrane impermeant sodium channel blocker lidocaine N-ethyl bromide (QX-314) through transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) channels into nociceptors. We screened local anaesthetics for their capacity to activate TRP channels, and characterized the nerve block obtained by combination with QX-314. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated TRP channel activation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by calcium imaging and patch-clamp recordings, and cellular QX-314 uptake by MS. To characterize nerve block, compound action potential (CAP) recordings from isolated nerves and behavioural responses were analysed. KEY RESULTS Of the 12 compounds tested, bupivacaine was the most potent activator of ruthenium red-sensitive calcium entry in DRG neurons and activated heterologously expressed TRPA1 channels. QX-314 permeated through TRPA1 channels and accumulated intracellularly after activation of these channels. Upon sciatic injections, QX-314 markedly prolonged bupivacaine's nociceptive block and also extended (to a lesser degree) its motor block. Bupivacaine's blockade of C-, but not A-fibre, CAPs in sciatic nerves was extended by co-application of QX-314. Surprisingly, however, this action was the same in wild-type, TRPA1-knockout and TRPV1/TRPA1-double knockout mice, suggesting a TRP-channel independent entry pathway. Consistent with this, high doses of bupivacaine promoted a non-selective, cellular uptake of QX-314. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Bupivacaine, combined with QX-314, produced a long-lasting sensory nerve block. This did not require QX-314 permeation through TRPA1, although bupivacaine activated these channels. Regardless of entry pathway, the greatly extended duration of block produced by QX-314 and bupivacaine may be clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brenneis
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
We recently demonstrated that pain-sensing neurons in the trigeminal system can be selectively anesthetized by co-application of QX-314 with the TRPV1 receptor agonist, capsaicin (QX cocktail). Here we examined whether this new anesthetic strategy can block the neuronal changes in the brainstem following molar tooth extraction in the rat. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats received infiltration injection of anesthetic 10 min prior to lower molar tooth extraction. Neuronal activation was determined by immunohistochemistry for the proto-oncogene protein c-Fos in transverse sections of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Sp5C). After tooth extraction, c-Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) detected in the dorsomedial region of bilateral Sp5C was highest at 2 hrs (p < .01 vs. naïve ipsilateral) and declined to pre-injury levels by 8 hrs. Pre-administration of the QX cocktail significantly reduced to sham levels Fos-LI examined 2 hrs after tooth extraction; reduced Fos-LI was also observed with the conventional local anesthetic lidocaine. Pulpal anesthesia by infiltration injection was confirmed by inhibition of the jaw-opening reflex in response to electrical tooth pulp stimulation. Our results suggest that the QX cocktail anesthetic is effective in reducing neuronal activation following tooth extraction. Thus, a selective pain fiber 'nociceptive anesthetic' strategy may provide an effective local anesthetic option for dental patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Badral
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology & Physiology
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Levy M, Schramm AE, Kara P. Strategies for mapping synaptic inputs on dendrites in vivo by combining two-photon microscopy, sharp intracellular recording, and pharmacology. Front Neural Circuits 2012; 6:101. [PMID: 23248588 PMCID: PMC3521157 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2012.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the functional properties of individual synaptic inputs on single neurons is critical for understanding the computational role of synapses and dendrites. Previous studies combined whole-cell patch recording to load neurons with a fluorescent calcium indicator and two-photon imaging to map subcellular changes in fluorescence upon sensory stimulation. By hyperpolarizing the neuron below spike threshold, the patch electrode ensured that changes in fluorescence associated with synaptic events were isolated from those caused by back-propagating action potentials. This technique holds promise for determining whether the existence of unique cortical feature maps across different species may be associated with distinct wiring diagrams. However, the use of whole-cell patch for mapping inputs on dendrites is challenging in large mammals, due to brain pulsations and the accumulation of fluorescent dye in the extracellular milieu. Alternatively, sharp intracellular electrodes have been used to label neurons with fluorescent dyes, but the current passing capabilities of these high impedance electrodes may be insufficient to prevent spiking. In this study, we tested whether sharp electrode recording is suitable for mapping functional inputs on dendrites in the cat visual cortex. We compared three different strategies for suppressing visually evoked spikes: (1) hyperpolarization by intracellular current injection, (2) pharmacological blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels by intracellular QX-314, and (3) GABA iontophoresis from a perisomatic electrode glued to the intracellular electrode. We found that functional inputs on dendrites could be successfully imaged using all three strategies. However, the best method for preventing spikes was GABA iontophoresis with low currents (5–10 nA), which minimally affected the local circuit. Our methods advance the possibility of determining functional connectivity in preparations where whole-cell patch may be impractical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Levy
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC, USA
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