1
|
Szul MJ, Papadopoulos S, Alavizadeh S, Daligaut S, Schwartz D, Mattout J, Bonaiuto JJ. Diverse beta burst waveform motifs characterize movement-related cortical dynamics. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 228:102490. [PMID: 37391061 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Classical analyses of induced, frequency-specific neural activity typically average band-limited power over trials. More recently, it has become widely appreciated that in individual trials, beta band activity occurs as transient bursts rather than amplitude-modulated oscillations. Most studies of beta bursts treat them as unitary, and having a stereotyped waveform. However, we show there is a wide diversity of burst shapes. Using a biophysical model of burst generation, we demonstrate that waveform variability is predicted by variability in the synaptic drives that generate beta bursts. We then use a novel, adaptive burst detection algorithm to identify bursts from human MEG sensor data recorded during a joystick-based reaching task, and apply principal component analysis to burst waveforms to define a set of dimensions, or motifs, that best explain waveform variance. Finally, we show that bursts with a particular range of waveform motifs, ones not fully accounted for by the biophysical model, differentially contribute to movement-related beta dynamics. Sensorimotor beta bursts are therefore not homogeneous events and likely reflect distinct computational processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej J Szul
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France.
| | - Sotirios Papadopoulos
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon, France
| | - Sanaz Alavizadeh
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France
| | | | - Denis Schwartz
- CERMEP - Imagerie du Vivant, MEG Departement, Lyon, France
| | - Jérémie Mattout
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon, France
| | - James J Bonaiuto
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lopez-Virgen V, Macias M, Rodriguez-Moreno P, Olivares-Moreno R, de Lafuente V, Rojas-Piloni G. Motor cortex projections to red and pontine nuclei have distinct roles during movement in the mouse. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137280. [PMID: 37116574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Motor control largely depends on the deep layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neurons that project to subcortical structures. However, it is largely unknown if these neurons are functionally segregated with distinct roles in movement performance. Here, we analyzed mouse motor cortex L5 pyramidal neurons projecting to the red and pontine nuclei during movement preparation and execution. Using photometry to analyze the calcium activity of L5 pyramidal neurons projecting to the red nucleus and pons, we reveal that both types of neurons activate with different temporal dynamics. Optogenetic inhibition of either kind of projection differentially affects forelimb movement onset and execution in a lever press task, but only the activity of corticopontine neurons is significantly correlated with trial-by-trial variations in reaction time. The results indicate that cortical neurons projecting to the red and pontine nuclei contribute differently to sensorimotor integration, suggesting that L5 output neurons are functionally compartmentalized generating, in parallel, different downstream information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lopez-Virgen
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Martin Macias
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Paola Rodriguez-Moreno
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Rafael Olivares-Moreno
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Victor de Lafuente
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Gerardo Rojas-Piloni
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Northall A, Doehler J, Weber M, Vielhaber S, Schreiber S, Kuehn E. Layer-specific vulnerability is a mechanism of topographic map aging. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 128:17-32. [PMID: 37141729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Topographic maps form a critical feature of cortical organization, yet are poorly described with respect to their microstructure in the living aging brain. We acquired quantitative structural and functional 7T-MRI data from younger and older adults to characterize layer-wise topographic maps of the primary motor cortex (M1). Using parcellation-inspired techniques, we show that quantitative T1 and Quantitative Susceptibility Maps values of the hand, face, and foot areas differ significantly, revealing microstructurally distinct cortical fields in M1. We show that these fields are distinct in older adults and that myelin borders between them do not degenerate. We further show that the output layer 5 of M1 shows a particular vulnerability to age-related increased iron, while layer 5 and the superficial layer show increased diamagnetic substance, likely reflecting calcifications. Taken together, we provide a novel 3D model of M1 microstructure, where body parts form distinct structural units, but layers show specific vulnerability toward increased iron and calcium in older adults. Our findings have implications for understanding sensorimotor organization and aging, in addition to topographic disease spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Northall
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
| | - Juliane Doehler
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Miriam Weber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Esther Kuehn
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song Y, Sun Z, Sun W, Luo M, Du Y, Jing J, Wang Y. Neuroplasticity Following Stroke from a Functional Laterality Perspective: A fNIRS Study. Brain Topogr 2023. [PMID: 36856917 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
To explore alterations of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in sensorimotor cortex following strokes with left or right hemiplegia considering the lateralization and neuroplasticity. Seventy-three resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) files were selected, including 26 from left hemiplegia (LH), 21 from right hemiplegia (RH) and 26 from normal controls (NC) group. Whole-brain analyses matching the Pearson correlation were used for rsFC calculations. For right-handed normal controls, rsFC of motor components (M1 and M2) in the left hemisphere displayed a prominent intensity in comparison with the right hemisphere (p < 0.05), while for stroke groups, this asymmetry has disappeared. Additionally, RH rather than LH showed stronger rsFC between left S1 and left M1 in contrast to normal controls (p < 0.05), which correlated inversely with motor function (r = - 0.53, p < 0.05). Regarding M1, rsFC within ipsi-lesioned M1 has a negative correlation with motor function of the affected limb (r = - 0.60 for the RH group and - 0.43 for the LH group, p < 0.05). The rsFC within contra-lesioned M1 that innervates the normal side was weakened compared with that of normal controls (p < 0.05). Stronger rsFC of motor components in left hemisphere was confirmed by rs-fNIRS as the "secret of dominance" for the first time, while post-stroke hemiplegia broke this cortical asymmetry. Meanwhile, a statistically strengthened rsFC between left S1 and M1 only in right-hemiplegia group may act as a compensation for the impairment of the dominant side. This research has implications for brain-computer interfaces synchronizing sensory feedback with motor performance and transcranial magnetic regulation for cortical excitability to induce cortical plasticity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Manzo N, Leodori G, Ruocco G, Belvisi D, Merchant SHI, Fabbrini G, Berardelli A, Conte A. Cortical mechanisms of sensory trick in cervical dystonia. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103348. [PMID: 36791488 PMCID: PMC9950946 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cervical dystonia (CD) often show an improvement in dystonic posture after sensory trick (ST), though the mechanisms underlying ST remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ST on cortical activity in patients with CD and to explore the contribution of motor and sensory components to ST mechanisms. To this purpose, we studied 15 CD patients with clinically effective ST, 17 without ST, and 14 healthy controls (HCs) who mimicked the ST. We used electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings and electromyography (EMG) data from bilateral sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles. We compared ST-related EEG spectral changes from sensorimotor and posterior parietal areas and EMG power changes between groups. To better understand the contribution of motor and sensory components to ST, we tested EEG and EMG correlates of three different conditions mimicking ST, the first without skin touch ("no touch" condition), the second without voluntary movements ("passive" condition), and finally without arm movements ("examiner touch" condition). Results showed ST-related alpha desynchronization in the sensorimotor cortex and theta desynchronization in the sensorimotor and posterior parietal cortex. Both spectral changes were more significant during maneuver execution in CD patients with ST than in CD patients without ST and HCs who mimicked the ST. Differently, the "no touch", "passive", or "examiner touch" conditions did not show significant differences in EEG or EMG changes determined by ST execution/mimicking between CD patients with or without ST. A higher desynchronization within alpha and theta bands in the sensorimotor and posterior parietal areas correlated with a more significant activity decrease in the contralateral SCM muscle, Findings from this study suggest that ST-related changes in the activity of sensorimotor and posterior parietal areas may restore dystonic posture and that both motor and sensory components contribute to the ST effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Manzo
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | - Giorgio Leodori
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS 86077, Italy
| | - Giulia Ruocco
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Daniele Belvisi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS 86077, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS 86077, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS 86077, Italy.
| | - Antonella Conte
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome 00185, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS 86077, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eto F, Inomata K, Sakashita K, Gamada H, Asada T, Sato K, Miura K, Noguchi H, Takahashi H, Funayama T, Koda M, Yamazaki M. Postoperative Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity and Clinical Scores in Patients With Cervical Myelopathy. World Neurosurg 2022; 167:e1354-e1359. [PMID: 36100062 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a technique for the analyzing functional connectivity (FC) between anatomically distant brain regions at rest. The purpose of this study was to analyze postoperative FC changes in patients with compression cervical myelopathy, to evaluate their relationship with clinical scores, and to examine the changes in spinal cord function associated with brain networks. METHODS This prospective study comprised 15 patients with cervical myelopathy who underwent planned surgery. Rs-fMRI was performed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively with the similar protocol. Clinical function was assessed by the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, the Japanese Orthopedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ), and the numerical rating scale (NRS). We performed a seed-based analysis, and identified the networks that changed significantly following surgery. Furthermore, we performed a correlation analysis to compare the postoperative changes in FC with clinical scores. RESULTS Five FCs were significantly increased postoperatively; 4 were between the sensorimotor network (SMN) and other regions. We observed a significant correlation between the FC of the right SMN and the left precentral gyrus with the JOA score, the left SMN with the JOACMEQ for upper extremity function, and the left postcentral gyrus with the NRS. CONCLUSIONS The reorganization of the sensorimotor cortex occurred postoperatively in patients with compression cervical myelopathy. In addition, each change in FC was significantly correlated with the clinical scores, thus indicating an association between the recovery of spinal cord function and plastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Eto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Kento Inomata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Sakashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hisanori Gamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Asada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kousei Miura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Noguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toru Funayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masao Koda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Olopade F, Femi-Akinlosotu O, Ibitoye C, Shokunbi T. Probing Caffeine Administration as a Medical Management for Hydrocephalus: An Experimental Study. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 135:12-21. [PMID: 35970099 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrocephalus is currently managed by cerebrospinal fluid diversion from the cerebral ventricles to other body sites, but this is complicated by obstruction and infection in young infants, thus adding to morbidity and mortality. Studies have reported caffeine to be a pleiotropic neuroprotective drug in the developing brain due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties, with improved white matter microstructural development. In this study, we investigate the use of caffeine administration as a possible means of pharmacological management for hydrocephalus. METHODS A total of 76 three-day-old mice pups from 10 dams were divided into four groups: hydrocephalus was induced in the pups in two groups by intracisternal injection of kaolin suspension, and their dams were given either caffeine (50 mg/kg by gavage) or water daily for 21 days; the dams in the other 2 (non-hydrocephalic) groups similarly had either caffeine or water; the pups received caffeine administered via lactation. Developmental neurobehavioral tests were performed until day 21, when the pups were sacrificed. Their brains were removed and processed for Cresyl and Golgi staining; both quantitative and qualitative analyses were then carried out. RESULTS Improved developmental motor activities and reflexes were observed in the hydrocephalus + caffeine-treated pups. Caffeine administration was associated with reduced cell death and increased dendritic arborization of the neurons in the sensorimotor cortex and striatum of hydrocephalic mice pups. CONCLUSION Caffeine administration appears to have promise as an adjunct in hydrocephalus management, and its use needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Funmilayo Olopade
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | | | - Chloe Ibitoye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Shokunbi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thacker JS, Mielke JG. The combined effects of corticosterone and brain-derived neurotrophic factor on plasticity-related receptor phosphorylation and expression at the synaptic surface in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Horm Behav 2022; 145:105233. [PMID: 35878471 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Following acute exercise, a temporal window exists wherein neuroplasticity is thought to be heightened. Although a number of studies have established that pairing this post-exercise period with motor training enhances learning, the mechanisms through which exercise-induced priming occurs are not well understood. Previously, we characterized a rodent model of acute exercise that generates significant enhancement in glutamatergic receptor phosphorylation as a possible mechanism to explain how exercise-induced priming might occur. However, whether these changes are stimulated by peripheral factors (e.g., glucocorticoids), central effects (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or a combination of the two remains unclear. Herein, we explored the possible individual and/or cumulative contribution corticosterone (CORT) and BDNF may have on glutamate receptor phosphorylation and synaptic surface expression. Tissue slices from the sensorimotor cortex were prepared and acutely (30 min) incubated with either CORT (200 nM), BDNF (20 ng/mL), or the simultaneous application of CORT and BDNF (CORT+BDNF). Immunoblotting with biotinylated synaptoneurosomes (which provide an enrichment of proteins from the synaptic surface) suggested divergent effects between CORT and BDNF. Acute CORT application enhanced NMDA- (GluN2A, B) and AMPA- (GluA1) receptor phosphorylation, whereas BDNF preferentially increased synaptic surface expression of both NMDA- and AMPA-receptor subunits. The combined effects of CORT+BDNF resulted in a unique subset of signaling patterns that favored phosphorylation in the absence of surface expression. Taken together, these data provide a mechanistic framework for how CORT and BDNF may alter glutamatergic synapses during exercise-induced priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Thacker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - John G Mielke
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Z, Shao C, Zhang Y, Qiu W, Li W, Zhu W, Yang Q, Huang Y, Pan L, Dong Y, Sun H, Xiao X, Sun W, Ma C, Zhang L. A Global Multiregional Proteomic Map of the Human Cerebral Cortex. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 2022; 20:614-32. [PMID: 34763096 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The Brodmann area (BA)-based map is one of the most widely used cortical maps for studies of human brain functions and in clinical practice; however, the molecular architecture of BAs remains unknown. The present study provided a global multiregional proteomic map of the human cerebral cortex by analyzing 29 BAs. These 29 BAs were grouped into 6 clusters based on similarities in proteomic patterns: the motor and sensory cluster, vision cluster, auditory and Broca's area cluster, Wernicke's area cluster, cingulate cortex cluster, and heterogeneous function cluster. We identified 474 cluster-specific and 134 BA-specific signature proteins whose functions are closely associated with specialized functions and disease vulnerability of the corresponding cluster or BA. The findings of the present study could provide explanations for the functional connections between the anterior cingulate cortex and sensorimotor cortex and for anxiety-related function in the sensorimotor cortex. The brain transcriptome and proteome comparison indicates that they both could reflect the function of cerebral cortex, but show different characteristics. These proteomic data are publicly available at the Human Brain Proteome Atlas (www.brain-omics.com). Our results may enhance our understanding of the molecular basis of brain functions and provide an important resource to support human brain research.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hakonen M, Nurmi T, Vallinoja J, Jaatela J, Piitulainen H. More comprehensive proprioceptive stimulation of the hand amplifies its cortical processing. J Neurophysiol 2022; 128:568-581. [PMID: 35858122 PMCID: PMC9423773 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00485.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) quantifies the phase coupling between limb kinematics and cortical neurophysiological signals reflecting proprioceptive feedback to the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex. We studied whether the CKC strength or cortical source location differs between proprioceptive stimulation (i.e., actuator-evoked movements) of right-hand digits (index, middle, ring, and little). Twenty-one volunteers participated in magnetoencephalography measurements during which three conditions were tested: 1) simultaneous stimulation of all four fingers at the same frequency, 2) stimulation of each finger separately at the same frequency, and 3) simultaneous stimulation of the fingers at finger-specific frequencies. CKC was computed between MEG responses and accelerations of the fingers recorded with three-axis accelerometers. CKC was stronger (P < 0.003) for the simultaneous (0.52 ± 0.02) than separate (0.45 ± 0.02) stimulation at the same frequency. Furthermore, CKC was weaker (P < 0.03) for the simultaneous stimulation at the finger-specific frequencies (0.38 ± 0.02) than for the separate stimulation. CKC source locations of the fingers were concentrated in the hand region of the SM1 cortex and did not follow consistent finger-specific somatotopic order. Our results indicate that proprioceptive afference from the fingers is processed in partly overlapping cortical neuronal circuits, which was demonstrated by the modulation of the finger-specific CKC strengths due to proprioceptive afference arising from simultaneous stimulation of the other fingers of the same hand as well as overlapping cortical source locations. Finally, comprehensive simultaneous proprioceptive stimulation of the hand would optimize functional cortical mapping to pinpoint the hand region, e.g., prior brain surgery. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) can be used to study cortical proprioceptive processing and localize proprioceptive hand representation. Our results indicate that proprioceptive stimulation delivered simultaneously at the same frequency to fingers (D2–D4) maximizes CKC strength allowing robust and fast localization of the human hand region in the sensorimotor cortex using MEG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hakonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timo Nurmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaakko Vallinoja
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Julia Jaatela
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Harri Piitulainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.,Aalto NeuroImaging, Magnetoencephalography Core, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Krol MA, Jellema T. Sensorimotor anticipation of others' actions in real-world and video settings: modulation by level of engagement? Soc Neurosci 2022; 17:293-304. [PMID: 35613478 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2083229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) studies investigating social cognition have used both video and real-world stimuli, often without a strong reasoning why one or the other was chosen. Video stimuli can be selected for practical reasons, while naturalistic real-world stimuli are ecologically valid. The current study investigated modulatory effects on EEG mu (8 - 13 Hz) suppression, directly prior to the onset - and during the course - of observed actions, related to real-world and video settings. Recordings were made over sensorimotor cortex and stimuli in both settings consisted of identical (un)predictable object-related grasping and placing actions. In both settings a very similar mu suppression was found during unfolding of the action, irrespective of predictability. However, mu suppression related to the anticipation of upcoming predictable actions was found exclusively in the real-world setting. Thus, even though the presentation setting does not seem to modulate mu suppression during action observation, it does affect the anticipation-related mu suppression. We discuss the possibility that this may be due to increased social engagement in real-world settings, which in particular affects anticipation. The findings emphasise the importance of using real-world stimuli to bring out the subtle, anticipatory, aspects related to action observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon A Krol
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjeerd Jellema
- The University of Hull Department of Psychology, Cottingham Road, HU6 7RX, Hull, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Manaka Y, Ohno Y, Horikoshi A, Imamura K. A parsimonious laboratory system for the evaluation of rat reaching task: recovery from the massive destruction of motor areas. J Integr Neurosci 2021; 20:955-965. [PMID: 34997718 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2004096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The rat reaching task is one of the best paradigms from behavioral study of upper limb movements. Rats are trained to reach and grab a pellet by extending their hand through a vertical slit. A few conventional imaging systems specific for the rat reaching task are commercially available with a high installation cost. Based on image analysis of video recordings obtained during the reaching task, we, herewith, developed a new, low-cost laboratory system that can be used for the quantitative analysis of ten basic forearm movements, in contrast to subjective assessments used in previous studies. We quantified images of the pronated and supinated palm and the accuracy and speed of reaching the target. Applying this newly developed method, we compared the forearm movements during the reaching task before and after a massive anatomical lesion of the sensorimotor cortex performed by tissue aspiration. We also wanted to investigate the recovery of upper limb function possibly induced by repeating the task for a relatively short term of a few weeks. In the experiment, 7 injured groups and 3 control groups were used. We found characteristic abnormalities of the forearm movements and a significant recovery in the success rate of grasping the target pellet. The present results demonstrate that our method is straightforward for the quantitative evaluation of forearm movements during the reaching task primarily controlled by the sensorimotor cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youki Manaka
- Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Kamisadori-machi, 371-0816 Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Technological ME Research and Development, TOP Co. Ltd., 120-0035 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohno
- Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Kamisadori-machi, 371-0816 Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Nakaoruicho, 370-0033 Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akinori Horikoshi
- Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Kamisadori-machi, 371-0816 Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Accounting Affairs, Ono Sokki, Co. Ltd., 222-8507 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Imamura
- Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Kamisadori-machi, 371-0816 Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bai Y, Belardinelli P, Ziemann U. Bihemispheric sensorimotor oscillatory network states determine cortical responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain Stimul 2021; 15:167-78. [PMID: 34896304 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain responses to external stimuli vary with fluctuating states of neuronal activity. Previous work has demonstrated effects of phase and power of the ongoing local sensorimotor μ-alpha-oscillation on responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of motor cortex (M1). However, M1 is part of a distributed network, and the effects of oscillatory activity in this network on TMS-evoked EEG responses (TEPs) have not been explored. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of oscillatory activity in the bihemispheric sensorimotor network on TEPs. METHODS 31 healthy subjects received single-pulse TMS of the left M1 hand area during EEG recording. Ongoing bihemispheric sensorimotor cortex oscillatory states were reconstructed from the EEG directly preceding TMS, and inferred by a data-driven method combining a multivariate autoregressive model and a Hidden Markov model. TEP amplitudes (P25, N45, P70, N100 and P180) were then compared between different bihemispheric sensorimotor cortex oscillatory states. RESULTS Four bihemispheric sensorimotor cortex oscillatory states were identified, with different interhemispheric expressions of theta and alpha oscillations. High alpha-power states in the stimulated sensorimotor cortex increased P25 amplitude. Alpha power in the alpha-alpha state (stimulated - non-stimulated hemisphere) correlated in both hemispheres with N45 amplitude. Theta power in the alpha-theta state correlated in the non-stimulated hemisphere with P70 amplitude. CONCLUSIONS Bihemispheric sensorimotor cortex oscillatory states contribute to TEPs, with a relevance shift from stimulated to non-stimulated M1 from P25 over N45 to P70. This significantly extends previous findings: not only ongoing local oscillations but distributed network oscillatory states determine cortical responsiveness to external stimuli.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kusano T, Kurashige H, Nambu I, Moriguchi Y, Hanakawa T, Wada Y, Osu R. Wrist and finger motor representations embedded in the cerebral and cerebellar resting-state activation. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2307-2319. [PMID: 34236531 PMCID: PMC8354910 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated that resting-state brain activity consists of multiple components, each corresponding to the spatial pattern of brain activity induced by performing a task. Especially in a movement task, such components have been shown to correspond to the brain activity pattern of the relevant anatomical region, meaning that the voxels of pattern that are cooperatively activated while using a body part (e.g., foot, hand, and tongue) also behave cooperatively in the resting state. However, it is unclear whether the components involved in resting-state brain activity correspond to those induced by the movement of discrete body parts. To address this issue, in the present study, we focused on wrist and finger movements in the hand, and a cross-decoding technique trained to discriminate between the multi-voxel patterns induced by wrist and finger movement was applied to the resting-state fMRI. We found that the multi-voxel pattern in resting-state brain activity corresponds to either wrist or finger movements in the motor-related areas of each hemisphere of the cerebrum and cerebellum. These results suggest that resting-state brain activity in the motor-related areas consists of the components corresponding to the elementary movements of individual body parts. Therefore, the resting-state brain activity possibly has a finer structure than considered previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kusano
- Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kurashige
- Research and Information Center, Tokai University, 2-3-23 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8619, Japan.
| | - Isao Nambu
- Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Yoshiya Moriguchi
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan
| | - Takashi Hanakawa
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan.,Department of Integrated Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Wada
- Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Rieko Osu
- The Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, 2-2-2 Hikaridai Seika, Soraku, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bhutada AS, Cai C, Mizuiri D, Findlay A, Chen J, Tay A, Kirsch HE, Nagarajan SS. Clinical Validation of the Champagne Algorithm for Evoked Response Source Localization in Magnetoencephalography. Brain Topogr 2021; 35:96-107. [PMID: 34114168 PMCID: PMC8664897 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a robust method for non-invasive functional brain mapping of sensory cortices due to its exceptional spatial and temporal resolution. The clinical standard for MEG source localization of functional landmarks from sensory evoked responses is the equivalent current dipole (ECD) localization algorithm, known to be sensitive to initialization, noise, and manual choice of the number of dipoles. Recently many automated and robust algorithms have been developed, including the Champagne algorithm, an empirical Bayesian algorithm, with powerful abilities for MEG source reconstruction and time course estimation (Wipf et al. 2010; Owen et al. 2012). Here, we evaluate automated Champagne performance in a clinical population of tumor patients where there was minimal failure in localizing sensory evoked responses using the clinical standard, ECD localization algorithm. MEG data of auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials from 21 brain tumor patients were analyzed using Champagne, and these results were compared with equivalent current dipole (ECD) fit. Across both somatosensory and auditory evoked field localization, we found there was a strong agreement between Champagne and ECD localizations in all cases. Given resolution of 8mm voxel size, peak source localizations from Champagne were below 10mm of ECD peak source localization. The Champagne algorithm provides a robust and automated alternative to manual ECD fits for clinical localization of sensory evoked potentials and can contribute to improved clinical MEG data processing workflows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek S Bhutada
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Chang Cai
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Danielle Mizuiri
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Anne Findlay
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jessie Chen
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ashley Tay
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Heidi E Kirsch
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, UCSF, 94143, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Srikantan S Nagarajan
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Biomagnetic Imaging Center, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lolli V, Rovai A, Trotta N, Goldman S, Sadeghi N, Lefranc F, Jousmäki V, De Tiège X. Pneumatic artificial muscle-based stimulator for passive functional magnetic resonance imaging sensorimotor mapping in patients with brain tumours. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 359:109227. [PMID: 34052287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two concerns with respect to pre-operative task-based motor functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with brain tumours are inadequate performance due to patients' impaired motor function and head motion artefacts. NEW METHOD In the present study we validate the use of a stimulator based on a pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) for fMRI mapping of the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex in twenty patients with rolandic or perirolandic brain tumours. All patients underwent both active and passive motor block-design fMRI paradigms, performing comparable active and passive PAM-induced flexion-extensions of the icontralesional index finger. RESULTS PAM-induced movements resulted in a significant BOLD signal increase in contralateral primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices in 18/20 and 19/20 (p<.05 FWE corrected in 16/18 and 18/19) patients, versus 18/20 and 16/20 (p<.05 FWE corrected) during active movements. The two patients in whom the PAM-based stimulator failed to induce any significant BOLD signal change in the contralateral M1 cortex differed from the two in whom active motion was conversely ineffective. At the group level, no significant difference in contrast magnitude was observed within the contralateral SM1 cortex when comparing active with passive movements. During passive movements, head motion was significantly reduced. Comparison with existing method(s) As compared to the several robotic devices for passive motion that were introduced in the past decades, our PAM-based stimulator appears smaller, handier, and easier to use. CONCLUSION The use of PAM-based stimulators should be included in routine pre-operative fMRI protocols along with active paradigms in such patients' population.
Collapse
|
17
|
Oliveira ÍAF, van der Zwaag W, Raimondo L, Dumoulin SO, Siero JCW. Comparing hand movement rate dependence of cerebral blood volume and BOLD responses at 7T. Neuroimage 2020; 226:117623. [PMID: 33301935 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast takes advantage of the coupling between neuronal activity and the hemodynamics to allow a non-invasive localisation of the neuronal activity. In general, fMRI experiments assume a linear relationship between neuronal activation and the observed hemodynamics. However, the relationship between BOLD responses, neuronal activity, and behaviour are often nonlinear. In addition, the nonlinearity between BOLD responses and behaviour may be related to neuronal process rather than a neurovascular uncoupling. Further, part of the nonlinearity may be driven by vascular nonlinearity effects in particular from large vessel contributions. fMRI based on cerebral blood volume (CBV), promises a higher microvascular specificity, potentially without vascular nonlinearity effects and reduced contamination of the large draining vessels compared to BOLD. In this study, we aimed to investigate differences in BOLD and VASO-CBV signal changes during a hand movement task over a broad range of movement rates. We used a double readout 3D-EPI sequence at 7T to simultaneously measure VASO-CBV and BOLD responses in the sensorimotor cortex. The measured BOLD and VASO-CBV responses increased very similarly in a nonlinear fashion, plateauing for movement rates larger than 1 Hz. Our findings show a tight relationship between BOLD and VASO-CBV responses, indicating that the overall interplay of CBV and BOLD responses are similar for the assessed range of movement rates. These results suggest that the observed nonlinearity of neuronal origin is already present in VASO-CBV measurements, and consequently shows relatively unchanged BOLD responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology, Utrecht Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kobler RJ, Kolesnichenko E, Sburlea AI, Müller-Putz GR. Distinct cortical networks for hand movement initiation and directional processing: An EEG study. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117076. [PMID: 32585349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Movement preparation and initiation have been shown to involve large scale brain networks. Recent findings suggest that movement preparation and initiation are represented in functionally distinct cortical networks. In electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, movement initiation is reflected as a strong negative potential at medial central channels that is phase-locked to the movement onset - the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP). Movement preparation describes the process of transforming high level movement goals to low level commands. An integral part of this transformation process is directional processing (i.e., where to move). The processing of movement direction during visuomotor and oculomotor tasks is associated with medial parieto-occipital cortex (PO) activity, phase-locked to the presentation of potential movement goals. We surmised that the network generating the MRCP (movement initiation) would encode less information about movement direction than the parieto-occipital network processing movement direction. Here, we studied delta band EEG activity during center-out reaching movements (2D; 4 directions) in visuomotor and oculomotor tasks. In 15 healthy participants, we found a consistent representation of movement direction in PO 300–400 ms after the direction cue irrespective of the task. Despite generating the MRCP, sensorimotor areas (SM) encoded less information about the movement direction than PO. Moreover, the encoded directional information in SM was less consistent across participants and specific to the visuomotor task. In a classification approach, we could infer the four movement directions from the delta band EEG activity with moderate accuracies up to 55.9%. The accuracies for cue-aligned data were significantly higher than for movement onset-aligned data in either task, which also suggests a stronger representation of movement direction during movement preparation. Therefore, we present direct evidence that EEG delta band amplitude modulations carry information about both arm movement initiation and movement direction, and that they are represented in two distinct cortical networks. Delta band EEG carries information about arm movement initiation and direction. Movement initiation and direction are represented in two distinct cortical networks. Information about movement direction is primarily encoded in parieto-occipital areas. The activity in parieto-occipital areas is phase-locked to the direction cue.
Collapse
|
19
|
Illman M, Laaksonen K, Liljeström M, Jousmäki V, Piitulainen H, Forss N. Comparing MEG and EEG in detecting the ~20-Hz rhythm modulation to tactile and proprioceptive stimulation. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116804. [PMID: 32276061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the ~20-Hz brain rhythm has been used to evaluate the functional state of the sensorimotor cortex both in healthy subjects and patients, such as stroke patients. The ~20-Hz brain rhythm can be detected by both magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG), but the comparability of these methods has not been evaluated. Here, we compare these two methods in the evaluating of ~20-Hz activity modulation to somatosensory stimuli. Rhythmic ~20-Hz activity during separate tactile and proprioceptive stimulation of the right and left index finger was recorded simultaneously with MEG and EEG in twenty-four healthy participants. Both tactile and proprioceptive stimulus produced a clear suppression at 300-350 ms followed by a subsequent rebound at 700-900 ms after stimulus onset, detected at similar latencies both with MEG and EEG. The relative amplitudes of suppression and rebound correlated strongly between MEG and EEG recordings. However, the relative strength of suppression and rebound in the contralateral hemisphere (with respect to the stimulated hand) was significantly stronger in MEG than in EEG recordings. Our results indicate that MEG recordings produced signals with higher signal-to-noise ratio than EEG, favoring MEG as an optimal tool for studies evaluating sensorimotor cortical functions. However, the strong correlation between MEG and EEG results encourages the use of EEG when translating studies to clinical practice. The clear advantage of EEG is the availability of the method in hospitals and bed-side measurements at the acute phase.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bhikram T, Arnold P, Crawley A, Abi-Jaoude E, Sandor P. The functional connectivity profile of tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Tourette Syndrome. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 123:128-35. [PMID: 32065948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is characterized by the presence of tics and sensory phenomena, such as premonitory urges, and is often accompanied by significant obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). The goal of this exploratory study was to determine the association between functional connectivity and the different symptom domains of TS, as little is currently known about how they differ. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 39 patients with TS and 20 matched healthy controls. Seed-based functional connectivity of the supplementary motor area (SMA), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), insula, caudate and putamen were compared between the groups, and correlated with clinical measures within the patient group. When compared to controls, patients with TS exhibited greater connectivity between the temporal gyri, insula and putamen, and between the OFC and cingulate cortex. Tic severity was associated with greater connectivity between the putamen and the sensorimotor cortex; OCS severity was associated with less connectivity between the SMA and thalamus and between the caudate and precuneus; and premonitory urge severity was associated with less connectivity between the OFC and sensorimotor cortex and between the inferior frontal gyrus and the putamen and insula seeds. Functional connectivity within sensorimotor processing regions were associated with all of the investigated symptom domains, including OCS, suggesting dysfunctions in the sensorimotor system may explain most of the observed symptoms in TS, and not just tics.
Collapse
|
21
|
Herr T, Hummel T, Vollmer M, Willert C, Veit B, Gamain J, Fleischmann R, Lehnert B, Mueller JU, Stenner A, Kronenbuerger M. Smell and taste in cervical dystonia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:347-354. [PMID: 32062706 PMCID: PMC8102446 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of cervical dystonia is not completely understood. Current concepts of the pathophysiology propose that it is a network disorder involving the basal ganglia, cerebellum and sensorimotor cortex. These structures are primarily concerned with sensorimotor control but are also involved in non-motor functioning such as the processing of information related to the chemical senses. This overlap lets us hypothesize a link between cervical dystonia and altered sense of smell and taste. To prove this hypothesis and to contribute to the better understanding of cervical dystonia, we assessed olfactory and gustatory functioning in 40 adults with idiopathic cervical dystonia and 40 healthy controls. The Sniffin Sticks were used to assess odor threshold, discrimination and identification. Furthermore, the Taste Strips were applied to assess the combined taste score. Motor and non-motor deficits of cervical dystonia including neuropsychological and psychiatric alterations were assessed as cofactors for regression analyses. We found that cervical dystonia subjects had lower scores than healthy controls for odor threshold (5.8 ± 2.4 versus 8.0 ± 3.2; p = 0.001), odor identification (11.7 ± 2.3 versus 13.1 ± 1.3; p = 0.001) and the combined taste score (9.5 ± 2.2 versus 11.7 ± 2.7; p < 0.001), while no difference was found in odor discrimination (12.0 ± 2.5 versus 12.9 ± 1.8; p = 0.097). Regression analysis suggests that age is the main predictor for olfactory decline in subjects with cervical dystonia. Moreover, performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is a predictor for gustatory decline in cervical dystonia subjects. Findings propose that cervical dystonia is associated with diminished olfactory and gustatory functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Herr
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Vollmer
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Birgitt Veit
- Neurology Group Practice, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Julie Gamain
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Fleischmann
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernhard Lehnert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan-Uwe Mueller
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andrea Stenner
- Outpatient Department of Neurology, Paracelsus Clinic Zwickau, Zwickau, Germany
| | - Martin Kronenbuerger
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guarracino I, Ius T, Skrap M, Tomasino B. Meningioma can lead to pre-operative cognitive alterations even if localized in sensorimotor areas: A multimodal MRI-neuropsychological study in a series of 46 patients. Neuropsychologia 2020; 137:107288. [PMID: 31790726 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are generally associated with cognitive changes. Little is known about cognition in patients with meningioma - a lesion that usually shifts and compresses the brain parenchyma with a low probability of infiltrate it. We investigated the cognitive functioning in a consecutive series of 46 patients with a meningioma in the sensorimotor area in the left (LH, N = 27) or in the right (RH, N = 19) hemisphere. All the patients underwent a pre-operative neuropsychological assessment and structural MRI. Clinical symptoms varied between LH and RH meningioma patients. Impaired performance was seen in naming (19.23% noun and 35% verb naming), short-term (18.18%) and working (14.24%) memory in the LH group, and in visuo-spatial tasks (25% neglect, 21.42% visuospatial planning) in the RH group. Both groups were impaired on a sensorimotor mental imagery task (LH, 66.66% of the LH 70% of the RH meningioma patients), while only the RH meningioma group was impaired on the visuo-spatial mental imagery task. The lesion MRI maximum overlap occurred in the postcentral and paracentral lobules. Edema was maximally localized on the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the superior part of the right superior corona radiata. We found that only the meningioma mass, and not the edema, is a predictive variable in determining patients' performance. Patients with meningioma could present with cognitive alterations at pre-surgical evaluation even if the meningioma occurs in sensorimotor areas. In the present series, a large meningioma vs. a large edema is more relevant for cognitive performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Guarracino
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Tamara Ius
- Unità Operativa di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Miran Skrap
- Unità Operativa di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasino
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lopez-Rincon A, Cantu C, Etcheverry G, Soto R, Shimoda S. Function Based Brain Modeling and Simulation of an Ischemic Region in Post-Stroke Patients using the Bidomain. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 331:108464. [PMID: 31738941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that post-stroke patients develop divergent activity in the sensorimotor areas of the affected hemisphere of the brain compared to healthy people during motor tasks. Proper mathematical models will help us understand this activity and clarify the associated underlying mechanisms. New Method. This research describes an anatomically based brain computer model in post-stroke patients. We simulate an ischemic region for arm motion using the bidomain approach. Two scenarios are considered: a healthy subject and a post-stroke patient with motion impairment. Next, we limit the volume of propagation considering only the sensorimotor area of the brain. Comparison with existing methods. In comparison to existing methods, we combine the use of the bidomain for modeling the propagation of the electrical activity across the brain volume with functional information to limit the volume of propagation and the position of the expected stimuli, given a specific task. Whereas just using the bidomain without limiting the functional volume, propagates the electrical activity into non-expected areas. RESULTS To validate the simulation, we compare the activity with patient measurements using functional near-infrared spectroscopy during arm motion (n=5) against controls (n=3). The results are consistent with empirical measurements and previous research and show that there is a disparity between position and number of spikes in post-stroke patients in contrast to healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS These results hold promise in improving the understanding of brain deterioration in stroke patients and the re-arrangement of brain networks. Furthermore, shows the use of functionality based brain modeling.
Collapse
|
24
|
Santana-Chávez G, Rodriguez-Moreno P, López-Hidalgo M, Olivares-Moreno R, Moreno-López Y, Rojas-Piloni G. Operant conditioning paradigm for juxtacellular recordings in functionally identified cortical neurons during motor execution in head-fixed rats. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 329:108454. [PMID: 31669337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the configuration of neural circuits and the specific role of distinct cortical neuron types involved in behavior, requires the study of structure-function and connectivity relationships with single cell resolution in awake behaving animals. Despite head-fixed behaving rats have been used for in vivo measuring of neuronal activity, it is a concern that head fixation could change the performance of behavioral task. NEW METHOD We describe the procedures for efficiently training Wistar rats to develop a behavioral task, involving planning and execution of a qualified movement in response to a visual cue under head-fixed conditions. The behavioral and movement performance in freely moving vs head-fixed conditions was analyzed. RESULTS The best behavioral performance was obtained in the rats that were trained first in freely moving conditions and then placed in a head-restrained condition compared with the animals which first were habituated to head-restriction and then learned the task. Moreover, head restriction did not alter the movement performance. Stable juxtacellular recordings from sensorimotor cortex neurons were obtained while the rats were performing forelimb movements. Biocytin electroporation and retrograde tracer injections, permits identify the hodology of individual long-range projecting neurons. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our method shows no difference in the behavioral performance of head fixed and freely moving conditions. Also includes a computer aided design of a discrete and ergonomic head-post allowing enough stability to perform juxtacellular recording and labeling of cortical neurons. CONCLUSIONS Our method is suitable for the in vivo characterization of neuronal circuits and their long-range connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Santana-Chávez
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Paola Rodriguez-Moreno
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Mónica López-Hidalgo
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Juriquilla, UNAM, Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Rafael Olivares-Moreno
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Yunuen Moreno-López
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Rojas-Piloni
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
For some experimental approaches in brain imaging, the existing normalization techniques are not always sufficient. This may be the case if the anatomical shape of the region of interest varies substantially across subjects, or if one needs to compare the left and right hemisphere in the same subject. Here we propose a new standard representation, building upon existing normalization methods: Cgrid (Cartesian geometric representation with isometric dimensions). Cgrid is based on imposing a Cartesian grid over a cortical region of interest that is bounded by anatomical (atlas-based) landmarks. We applied this new representation to the sensorimotor cortex and we evaluated its performance by studying the similarity of activation patterns for hand, foot and tongue movements between subjects, and similarity between hemispheres within subjects. The Cgrid similarities were benchmarked against the similarities of activation patterns when transformed into standard MNI space using SPM, and to similarities from FreeSurfer’s surface-based normalization. For both between-subject and between-hemisphere comparisons, similarity scores in Cgrid were high, similar to those from FreeSurfer normalization and higher than similarity scores from SPM’s MNI normalization. This indicates that Cgrid allows for a straightforward way of representing and comparing sensorimotor activity patterns across subjects and between hemispheres of the same subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark L C M Bruurmijn
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Schellekens
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs A H Raemaekers
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nick F Ramsey
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Steward O, Coulibaly AP, Metcalfe M, Yonan JM, Yee KM. AAVshRNA-mediated PTEN knockdown in adult neurons attenuates activity-dependent immediate early gene induction. Exp Neurol 2019; 326:113098. [PMID: 31707081 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genetic deletion or knockdown of PTEN enables regeneration of CNS axons, enhances sprouting of intact axons after injury, and induces de novo growth of uninjured adult neurons. It is unknown, however how PTEN deletion in mature neurons alters neuronal physiology. As a first step to address this question, we used immunocytochemistry for activity-dependent markers to assess consequences of PTEN knockdown in cortical neurons and granule cells of the dentate gyrus. In adult rats that received unilateral intra-cortical injections of AAV expressing shRNA against PTEN, immunostaining for c-fos under resting conditions (home cage, HC) and after 1 h of exploration of a novel enriched environment (EE) revealed no hot spots of c-fos expression that would suggest abnormal activity. Counts revealed similar numbers of c-fos positive neurons in the area of PTEN deletion vs. homologous areas in the contralateral cortex in the HC and similar induction of c-fos with EE. However, IEG induction in response to high frequency stimulation (HFS) of the cortex was attenuated in areas of PTEN deletion. In rats with AAVshRNA-mediated PTEN deletion in the dentate gyrus, induction of the IEGs c-fos and Arc with HFS of the perforant path was abrogated in areas of PTEN deletion. Immunostaining using phosphospecific antibodies for phospho-S6 (a downstream marker for mTOR activation) and phospho-ERK1/2 revealed abrogation of S6 phosphorylation in PTEN-deleted areas but preserved activation of phosphorylation of ERK1/2. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Deletion or knockdown of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN enables regenerative growth of adult CNS axons after injury, which is accompanied by enhanced recovery of function. Consequently, PTEN represents a potential target for therapeutic interventions to enhance recovery after CNS injury. Here we show that activity-dependent IEG induction is attenuated in PTEN-depleted neurons. These findings raise the intriguing possibility that functional recovery due to regenerative growth may be limited by the disruption of plasticity-related signaling pathways, and that recovery might be enhanced by restoring PTEN expression after regenerative growth has been achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Irvine, USA; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA.
| | - Aminata P Coulibaly
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, USA; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Mariajose Metcalfe
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, USA; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Jennifer M Yonan
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, USA; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Kelly M Yee
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine, USA; Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, USA; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Olivares-Moreno R, López-Hidalgo M, Altamirano-Espinoza A, González-Gallardo A, Antaramian A, Lopez-Virgen V, Rojas-Piloni G. Mouse corticospinal system comprises different functional neuronal ensembles depending on their hodology. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:50. [PMID: 31547806 PMCID: PMC6757377 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement performance depends on the synaptic interactions generated by coherent parallel sensorimotor cortical outputs to different downstream targets. The major outputs of the neocortex to subcortical structures are driven by pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) located in layer 5B. One of the main targets of PTNs is the spinal cord through the corticospinal (CS) system, which is formed by a complex collection of distinct CS circuits. However, little is known about intracortical synaptic interactions that originate CS commands and how different populations of CS neurons are functionally organized. To further understand the functional organization of the CS system, we analyzed the activity of unambiguously identified CS neurons projecting to different zones of the same spinal cord segment using two-photon calcium imaging and retrograde neuronal tracers. RESULTS Sensorimotor cortex slices obtained from transgenic mice expressing GCaMP6 funder the Thy1 promoter were used to analyze the spontaneous calcium transients in layer 5 pyramidal neurons. Distinct subgroups of CS neurons projecting to dorsal horn and ventral areas of the same segment show more synchronous activity between them than with other subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that CS neurons projecting to different spinal cord zones segregated into functional ensembles depending on their hodology, suggesting that a modular organization of CS outputs controls sensorimotor behaviors in a coordinated manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Olivares-Moreno
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Mónica López-Hidalgo
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Juriquilla, UNAM, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Alain Altamirano-Espinoza
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Anaid Antaramian
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Verónica Lopez-Virgen
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Rojas-Piloni
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fortin C, Pialasse JP, Knoth IS, Lippé S, Duclos C, Simoneau M. Cortical dynamics of sensorimotor information processing associated with balance control in adolescents with and without idiopathic scoliosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1752-1761. [PMID: 31401484 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims at examining the cortical dynamics of sensorimotor information processing related to balance control in participants with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and in age-matched controls (CTL). METHODS Cortical dynamics during standing balance control were assessed in 13 girls with AIS and 13 age-matched controls using electroencephalography. Time-frequency analysis were used to determine frequency power during ankle proprioception alteration (ankle tendons co-vibration interval) or reintegration of ankle proprioception (post-vibration interval) with or without vision. RESULTS Balance control did not differ between groups. In the co-vibration interval, a significant suppression in alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) band power and a significant increase in theta (4-7 Hz) band power were found respectively in the vision and non-vision condition in the AIS group compared to the CTL group. In the post-vibration interval, significant suppressions in beta (13-30 Hz) and gamma (30-50 Hz) band power were observed in the AIS group in the non-vision condition. CONCLUSION Participants with AIS showed brain oscillations differences compared to CTL in the sensorimotor cortex while controlling their balance in various sensory conditions. SIGNIFICANCE Future study using evaluation of cortical dynamics could serve documenting whether rehabilitation programs have an effect on sensorimotor function in AIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Fortin
- École de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jean-Philippe Pialasse
- École de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Lippé
- Centre de recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cyril Duclos
- École de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Institut de Réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Simoneau
- Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
de Oliveira SR, Machado ACCP, de Paula JJ, Novi SL, Mesquita RC, Miranda DMD, Bouzada MCF. Changes of functional response in sensorimotor cortex of preterm and full-term infants during the first year: An fNIRS study. Early Hum Dev 2019; 133:23-28. [PMID: 31048133 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor impairments are frequently associated with preterm birth and interfere in acquisition of essential skills to global development. Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), the study of neural correlates of motor development in early stages of life are feasible in an ecological assessment. AIMS To evaluate changes in cortical activity in response to a sensorimotor stimulation in preterm and full-term infants at 6 and 12 months of age. STUDY DESIGN A longitudinal study was conducted with 22 infants (12 preterm and 10 full-term). Hemodynamic activity during sensorimotor task (8 blocks of 8 s of vibration applied to infant's right hand) was measured by Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). The optical probe consisted of 84 channels positioned according to the international 10-20 system coordinates, covering the frontal (38 channels), parietal (16 channels), temporal (22 channels) and occipital (8 channels) lobes of both hemispheres. RESULTS Preterm and full-term infants exhibited differences of location of the activation as well on the hemodynamic response in both the evaluated age groups. CONCLUSIONS Group differences in activation of sensorimotor cortex observed in this study demonstrate the potential of fNIRS application for preterm evaluation of motor development in children. Overall, the present work contributes to our understanding of cortical activation of cerebral motor skills spanning early ages in preterm-born children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Rosa de Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Novi
- Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rickson C Mesquita
- Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Cândida F Bouzada
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mantel T, Altenmüller E, Li Y, Meindl T, Jochim A, Lee A, Zimmer C, Dresel C, Haslinger B. Abnormalities in grey matter structure in embouchure dystonia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 65:111-116. [PMID: 31147222 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Embouchure dystonia (ED) is a debilitating movement disorder in professional brass players leading to involuntary muscle contractions/spasms during play. To date, activity changes in sensorimotor cortices during motor tasks and tactile processing, as well as connectivity changes at rest in sensorimotor and auditory brain networks have been described in the disease. OBJECTIVE To characterize differences in grey matter volume and asymmetry between brass musicians suffering from ED, healthy brass musicians and healthy nonmusicians. METHODS High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 24 brass musicians with ED, 23 healthy brass musicians and 24 healthy nonmusicians. Whole-brain voxel-wise morphometry and asymmetry analyses, as well as region-of-interest-based volumetry analysis were performed on the subjects' images and compared between groups. Further, correlations with clinical parameters were investigated. RESULTS ED patients showed increased grey matter volume in the primary sensorimotor cortex in relation to both healthy brass players and nonmusicians. Both healthy and diseased musicians showed increased thalamic symmetry in relation to nonmusicians; diseased brass musicians additionally showed increased basal ganglia symmetry compared to nonmusicians. There was an inverse correlation of disease duration with both mean putaminal volume and the extent of basal ganglia asymmetry. CONCLUSION This work provides first evidence for structural abnormalities in task-specific orofacial (musician's) dystonia. Somatotopy-related structural primary sensorimotor cortex changes underlying previously observed functional abnormalities underscore the role of maladaptive plasticity in the disease. The study further shows subcortical brain (a)symmetry changes in healthy brass players and hints at a possible role of such changes in focal dystonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Mantel
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckart Altenmüller
- Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover, Emmichplatz 1, Hanover, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Meindl
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Jochim
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - André Lee
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Dresel
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haslinger
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Favorov OV, Pellicer-Morata V, DeJongh Curry AL, Ramshur JT, Brna A, Challener TD, Waters RS. A newly identified nociresponsive region in the transitional zone (TZ) in rat sensorimotor cortex. Brain Res 2019; 1717:228-234. [PMID: 31028729 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) comprises a number of functionally distinct regions, reflecting the diversity of somatosensory receptor submodalities innervating the body. In particular, two spatially and functionally distinct nociceptive regions have been described in primate S1 (Vierck et al., 2013; Whitsel et al., 2019). One region is located mostly in Brodmann cytoarchitectonic area 1, where a subset of neurons exhibit functional characteristics associated with myelinated Aδ nociceptors and perception of 1st/sharp, discriminative pain. The second region is located at the transition between S1 and primary motor cortex (M1) in area 3a, where neurons exhibit functional characteristics associated with unmyelinated C nociceptors and perception of 2nd/slow, burning pain. To test the hypothesis that in rats the transitional zone (TZ) - which is a dysgranular region at the transition between M1 and S1 - is the functional equivalent of the nociresponsive region of area 3a in primates, extracellular spike discharge activity was recorded from TZ neurons in rats under general isoflurane anesthesia. Thermonoxious stimuli were applied by lowering the contralateral forepaw or hindpaw into a 48-51 °C heated water bath for 5-10 s. Neurons in TZ were found to be minimally affected by non-noxious somatosensory stimuli, but highly responsive to thermonoxious skin stimuli in a slow temporal summation manner closely resembling that of nociresponsive neurons in primate area 3a. Selective inactivation of TZ by topical lidocaine application suppressed or delayed the nociceptive withdrawal reflex, suggesting that TZ exerts a tonic facilitatory influence over spinal cord neurons producing this reflex. In conclusion, TZ appears to be a rat homolog of the nociresponsive part of monkey area 3a. A possibility is considered that this region might be primarily engaged in autonomic aspects of nociception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Favorov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Violeta Pellicer-Morata
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Amy L DeJongh Curry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - John T Ramshur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Andrew Brna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy D Challener
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Robert S Waters
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Espenhahn S, van Wijk BCM, Rossiter HE, de Berker AO, Redman ND, Rondina J, Diedrichsen J, Ward NS. Cortical beta oscillations are associated with motor performance following visuomotor learning. Neuroimage 2019; 195:340-353. [PMID: 30954709 PMCID: PMC6547051 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
People vary in their capacity to learn and retain new motor skills. Although the relationship between neuronal oscillations in the beta frequency range (15-30 Hz) and motor behaviour is well established, the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying individual differences in motor learning are incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the degree to which measures of resting and movement-related beta power from sensorimotor cortex account for inter-individual differences in motor learning behaviour in the young and elderly. Twenty young (18-30 years) and twenty elderly (62-77 years) healthy adults were trained on a novel wrist flexion/extension tracking task and subsequently retested at two different time points (45-60 min and 24 h after initial training). Scalp EEG was recorded during a separate simple motor task before each training and retest session. Although short-term motor learning was comparable between young and elderly individuals, there was considerable variability within groups with subsequent analysis aiming to find the predictors of this variability. As expected, performance during the training phase was the best predictor of performance at later time points. However, regression analysis revealed that movement-related beta activity significantly explained additional variance in individual performance levels 45-60 min, but not 24 h after initial training. In the context of disease, these findings suggest that measurements of beta-band activity may offer novel targets for therapeutic interventions designed to promote rehabilitative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Espenhahn
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK; Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500, University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Bernadette C M van Wijk
- Integrative Model-based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 15926, 1001, NK, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Holly E Rossiter
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, UK
| | - Archy O de Berker
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Nell D Redman
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Jane Rondina
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Joern Diedrichsen
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Nick S Ward
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Khosravani S, Mahnan A, Yeh IL, Watson PJ, Zhang Y, Goding G, Konczak J. Atypical somatosensory-motor cortical response during vowel vocalization in spasmodic dysphonia. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1033-40. [PMID: 30930193 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a debilitating voice/speech disorder without an effective cure. To obtain a better understanding of the underlying cortical neural mechanism of the disease we analyzed electroencephalographic (EEG) signals of people with SD during voice production. METHOD Ten SD individuals and 10 healthy volunteers produced 50 vowel vocalization epochs of 2500 ms duration. Two EEG features were derived: (1) event-related change in spectral power during vocalization relative to rest, (2) inter-regional spectral coherence. RESULTS During early vocalization (500-1000 ms) the SD group showed significantly larger alpha band spectral power over the left motor cortex. During late vocalization (1000-2500 ms) SD patients showed a significantly larger gamma band coherence between left somatosensory and premotor cortical areas. CONCLUSIONS Two atypical patterns of cortical activity characterize the pathophysiology of spasmodic dysphonia during voice production: (1) a reduced movement-related desynchronization of motor cortical networks, (2) an excessively large synchronization between left somatosensory and premotor cortical areas. SIGNIFICANCE The pathophysiology of SD is characterized by an abnormally high synchronous activity within and across cortical neural networks involved in voice production that is mainly lateralized in the left hemisphere.
Collapse
|
34
|
Seo NJ, Lakshminarayanan K, Lauer AW, Ramakrishnan V, Schmit BD, Hanlon CA, George MS, Bonilha L, Downey RJ, DeVries W, Nagy T. Use of imperceptible wrist vibration to modulate sensorimotor cortical activity. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:805-816. [PMID: 30607471 PMCID: PMC6613561 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-05465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral sensory stimulation has been used as a method to stimulate the sensorimotor cortex, with applications in neurorehabilitation. To improve delivery modality and usability, a new stimulation method has been developed in which imperceptible random-frequency vibration is applied to the wrist concurrently during hand activity. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of this new sensory stimulation on the sensorimotor cortex. Healthy adults were studied. In a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study, resting motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation for the abductor pollicis brevis muscle were compared between vibration on vs. off, while subjects were at rest. In an electroencephalogram (EEG) study, alpha and beta power during rest and event-related desynchronization (ERD) for hand grip were compared between vibration on vs. off. Results showed that vibration decreased EEG power and decreased TMS short-interval intracortical inhibition (i.e., disinhibition) compared with no vibration at rest. Grip-related ERD was also greater during vibration, compared to no vibration. In conclusion, subthreshold random-frequency wrist vibration affected the release of intracortical inhibition and both resting and grip-related sensorimotor cortical activity. Such effects may have implications in rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Jin Seo
- Department of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 151B Rutledge Ave., Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Kishor Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Abigail W Lauer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Viswanathan Ramakrishnan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Brian D Schmit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Colleen A Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Mark S George
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Leonardo Bonilha
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ryan J Downey
- Department of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 151B Rutledge Ave., Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Will DeVries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tibor Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Canu MH, Fourneau J, Coq JO, Dannhoffer L, Cieniewski-Bernard C, Stevens L, Bastide B, Dupont E. Interplay between hypoactivity, muscle properties and motor command: How to escape the vicious deconditioning circle? Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018; 62:122-127. [PMID: 30394346 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Activity-dependent processes addressing the central nervous system (CNS) and musculoskeletal structures are critical for maintaining motor performance. Chronic reduction in activity, whether due to a sedentary lifestyle or extended bed rest, results in impaired performance in motor tasks and thus decreased quality of life. In the first part of this paper, we give a narrative review of the effects of hypoactivity on the neuromuscular system and behavioral outcomes. Motor impairments arise from a combination of factors including altered muscle properties, impaired afferent input, and plastic changes in neural structure and function throughout the nervous system. There is a reciprocal interplay between the CNS and muscle properties, and these sensorimotor loops are essential for controlling posture and movement. As a result, patients under hypoactivity experience a self-perpetuating cycle, in with sedentarity leading to decreased motor activity and thus a progressive worsening of a situation, and finally deconditioning. Various rehabilitation strategies have been studied to slow down or reverse muscle alteration and altered motor performance. In the second part of the paper, we review representative protocols directed toward the muscle, the sensory input and/or the cerebral cortex. Improving an understanding of the loss of motor function under conditions of disuse (such as extended bed rest) as well as identifying means to slow this decline may lead to therapeutic strategies to preserve quality of life for a range of individuals. The most efficient strategies seem multifactorial, using a combination of approaches targeting different levels of the neuromuscular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Canu
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - Julie Fourneau
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- UMR 7289, CNRS, institut de neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Luc Dannhoffer
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Stevens
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Erwan Dupont
- EA 7369 "activité physique, muscle et santé", unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Salari E, Freudenburg ZV, Vansteensel MJ, Ramsey NF. Repeated Vowel Production Affects Features of Neural Activity in Sensorimotor Cortex. Brain Topogr 2018; 32:97-110. [PMID: 30238309 PMCID: PMC6326960 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-018-0673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sensorimotor cortex is responsible for the generation of movements and interest in the ability to use this area for decoding speech by brain–computer interfaces has increased recently. Speech decoding is challenging however, since the relationship between neural activity and motor actions is not completely understood. Non-linearity between neural activity and movement has been found for instance for simple finger movements. Despite equal motor output, neural activity amplitudes are affected by preceding movements and the time between movements. It is unknown if neural activity is also affected by preceding motor actions during speech. We addressed this issue, using electrocorticographic high frequency band (HFB; 75–135 Hz) power changes in the sensorimotor cortex during discrete vowel generation. Three subjects with temporarily implanted electrode grids produced the /i/ vowel at repetition rates of 1, 1.33 and 1.66 Hz. For every repetition, the HFB power amplitude was determined. During the first utterance, most electrodes showed a large HFB power peak, which decreased for subsequent utterances. This result could not be explained by differences in performance. With increasing duration between utterances, more electrodes showed an equal response to all repetitions, suggesting that the duration between vowel productions influences the effect of previous productions on sensorimotor cortex activity. Our findings correspond with previous studies for finger movements and bear relevance for the development of brain-computer interfaces that employ speech decoding based on brain signals, in that past utterances will need to be taken into account for these systems to work accurately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Salari
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Z V Freudenburg
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M J Vansteensel
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - N F Ramsey
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,University Medical Center Utrecht, Room G03 1.24, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Branco MP, Freudenburg ZV, Aarnoutse EJ, Vansteensel MJ, Ramsey NF. Optimization of sampling rate and smoothing improves classification of high frequency power in electrocorticographic brain signals. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018; 4. [PMID: 30931146 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aac3ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective High-frequency band (HFB) activity, measured using implanted sensors over the cortex, is increasingly considered as a feature for the study of brain function and the design of neural-implants, such as Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). One common way of extracting these power signals is using a wavelet dictionary, which involves the selection of different temporal sampling and temporal smoothing parameters, such that the resulting HFB signal best represents the temporal features of the neuronal event of interest. Typically, the use of neuro-electrical signals for closed-loop BCI control requires a certain level of signal downsampling and smoothing in order to remove uncorrelated noise, optimize performance and provide fast feedback. However, a fixed setting of the sampling and smoothing parameters may lead to a suboptimal representation of the underlying neural responses and poor BCI control. This problem can be resolved with a systematic assessment of parameter settings. Approach With classification of HFB power responses as performance measure, different combinations of temporal sampling and temporal smoothing values were applied to data from sensory and motor tasks recorded with high-density and standard clinical electrocorticography (ECoG) grids in 12 epilepsy patients. Main results The results suggest that HFB ECoG responses are best performed with high sampling and subsequent smoothing. For the paradigms used in this study, optimal temporal sampling ranged from 29 Hz to 50 Hz. Regarding optimal smoothing, values were similar between tasks (0.1-0.9 s), except for executed complex hand gestures, for which two optimal possible smoothing windows were found (0.4-0.6 s and 0.9-2.7 s). Significance The range of optimal values indicates that parameter optimization depends on the functional paradigm and may be subject-specific. Our results advocate a methodical assessment of parameter settings for optimal decodability of ECoG signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana P Branco
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zachary V Freudenburg
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik J Aarnoutse
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska J Vansteensel
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nick F Ramsey
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dietrich C, Nehrdich S, Zimmer A, Ritter A, Hofmann GO, Miltner WHR, Weiss T. Referred cramping phantom hand pain elicited in the face and eliminated by peripheral nerve block. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:1815-24. [PMID: 29666885 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Phantom limb pain is a restricting condition for a substantial number of amputees with quite different characteristics of pain. Here, we report on a forearm amputee with constant phantom pain in the hand, in whom we could regularly elicit the rare phenomenon of referred cramping phantom pain by touching the face. To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we followed the cramp during the course of an axillary blockade of the brachial plexus. During the blockade, both phantom pain and the referred cramp were abolished, while a referred sensation of "being touched at the phantom" persisted. Furthermore, to identify the cortical substrate, we elicited the cramp during functional magnetic imaging. Imaging revealed that referred cramping phantom limb pain was associated with brain activation of the hand representation in the primary sensorimotor cortex. The results support the hypothesis that referred cramping phantom limb pain in this case is associated with a substantial brain activation in the hand area of the deafferented sensorimotor cortex. However, this alone is not sufficient to elicit referred cramping phantom limb pain. Peripheral inputs, both, from the arm nerves affected by the amputation and from the skin in the face at which the referred cramp is evoked, are a precondition for referred cramping phantom limb pain to occur, at least in this case.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Trigeminal nerve injury can result in neuropathic pain behavior and alterations in motor function, but it is unclear if such injury produces neuroplastic alterations in face sensorimotor cortex that could contribute to the alterations in motor function. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if trigeminal nerve injury in a rat neuropathic pain model induces neuroplastic changes in jaw and tongue motor representations in face sensorimotor cortex in association with facial nociceptive behavior. Right infraorbital nerve transection was performed in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats; sham-operated rats served as controls. Nociceptive behavior was assessed by testing facial mechanical sensitivity pre-operatively and post-operatively (1-28 days). Intracortical microstimulation was also applied post-operatively in a series of microelectrode penetrations to map jaw and tongue motor representations in the face sensorimotor cortex by analyzing anterior digastric and genioglossus electromyographic activities evoked by microstimulation at histologically verified sites in face primary somatosensory cortex (face-SI) as well as face primary motor cortex (face-MI). Compared to sham, infraorbital nerve injury induced a significant (2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance, P < 0.001) bilateral decrease in facial mechanical threshold that lasted up to 28 days post-operatively. Nerve injury also induced a significant bilateral decrease compared to sham (P < 0.05) in the number of anterior digastric and/or genioglossus sites in face-MI and in face-SI. These findings indicate that trigeminal nerve injury induces neuroplastic alterations in jaw and tongue motor representations in face sensorimotor cortex that are associated with facial nociceptive behavior and that may contribute to sensorimotor changes following trigeminal nerve injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyuan Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Barry J Sessle
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Olivares-Moreno R, Moreno-Lopez Y, Concha L, Martínez-Lorenzana G, Condés-Lara M, Cordero-Erausquin M, Rojas-Piloni G. The rat corticospinal system is functionally and anatomically segregated. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 222:3945-58. [PMID: 28528380 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The descending corticospinal (CS) projection has been considered a key element for motor control, which results from direct and indirect modulation of spinal cord pre-motor interneurons in the intermediate gray matter of the spinal cord, which, in turn, influences motoneurons in the ventral horn. The CS tract (CST) is also involved in a selective and complex modulation of sensory information in the dorsal horn. However, little is known about the spinal network engaged by the CST and the organization of CS projections that may encode different cortical outputs to the spinal cord. This study addresses the issue of whether the CS system exerts parallel control on different spinal networks, which together participate in sensorimotor integration. Here, we show that in the adult rat, two different and partially intermingled CS neurons in the sensorimotor cortex activate, with different time latencies, distinct spinal cord neurons located in the dorsal horn and intermediate zone of the same segment. The fact that different populations of CS neurons project in a segregated manner suggests that CST is composed of subsystems controlling different spinal cord circuits that modulate motor outputs and sensory inputs in a coordinated manner.
Collapse
|
41
|
Espenhahn S, de Berker AO, van Wijk BCM, Rossiter HE, Ward NS. Movement-related beta oscillations show high intra-individual reliability. Neuroimage 2017; 147:175-185. [PMID: 27965146 PMCID: PMC5315054 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oscillatory activity in the beta frequency range (15-30Hz) recorded from human sensorimotor cortex is of increasing interest as a putative biomarker of motor system function and dysfunction. Despite its increasing use in basic and clinical research, surprisingly little is known about the test-retest reliability of spectral power and peak frequency measures of beta oscillatory signals from sensorimotor cortex. Establishing that these beta measures are stable over time in healthy populations is a necessary precursor to their use in the clinic. Here, we used scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate intra-individual reliability of beta-band oscillations over six sessions, focusing on changes in beta activity during movement (Movement-Related Beta Desynchronization, MRBD) and after movement termination (Post-Movement Beta Rebound, PMBR). Subjects performed visually-cued unimanual wrist flexion and extension. We assessed Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and between-session correlations for spectral power and peak frequency measures of movement-related and resting beta activity. Movement-related and resting beta power from both sensorimotor cortices was highly reliable across sessions. Resting beta power yielded highest reliability (average ICC=0.903), followed by MRBD (average ICC=0.886) and PMBR (average ICC=0.663). Notably, peak frequency measures yielded lower ICC values compared to the assessment of spectral power, particularly for movement-related beta activity (ICC=0.386-0.402). Our data highlight that power measures of movement-related beta oscillations are highly reliable, while corresponding peak frequency measures show greater intra-individual variability across sessions. Importantly, our finding that beta power estimates show high intra-individual reliability over time serves to validate the notion that these measures reflect meaningful individual differences that can be utilised in basic research and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Espenhahn
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK.
| | - Archy O de Berker
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Bernadette C M van Wijk
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Department of Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holly E Rossiter
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, CF24 4HQ Cardiff, UK
| | - Nick S Ward
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 33 Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gibbs WS, Weber RA, Schnellmann RG, Adkins DL. Disrupted mitochondrial genes and inflammation following stroke. Life Sci 2016; 166:139-148. [PMID: 27693381 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Determine the subacute time course of mitochondria disruption, cell death, and inflammation in a rat model of unilateral motor cortical ischemic stroke. MAIN METHODS Rats received unilateral ischemia of the motor cortex and were tested on behavioral tasks to determine impairments. Animals were euthanized at 24h, 72h and 144h and mRNA expression of key mitochondria proteins and indicators of inflammation, apoptosis and potential regenerative processes in ipsilesion cortex and striatum, using RT-qPCR. Mitochondrial proteins were examined at 144h using immunoblot analysis. KEY FINDINGS Rats with stroke induced-behavioral deficits had sustained, 144h post-lesion, decreases in mitochondrial-encoded electron transport chain proteins NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-1 (mRNA and protein) and mitochondrial DNA content in perilesion motor and sensory cortex. Uncoupling-protein-2 gene expression, but not superoxide dismutase-2, remained elevated in ipsilateral cortex and striatum at this time. Cortical inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6, was increased early and was followed by increased macrophage marker F4/80 after stroke. Cleaved caspase-3 activation was elevated in cortex and growth associated protein-43 was elevated in the cortex and striatum six days post-lesion. SIGNIFICANCE We identified a relationship between three disrupted pathways, (1) sustained loss of mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA copy number in the cortex linked to decreased mitochondrial gene transcription; (2) early inflammatory response mediated by interleukin- 6 followed by macrophages; (3) apoptosis in conjunction with the activation of regenerative pathways. The stroke-induced spatial and temporal profiles lay the foundation to target pharmacological therapeutics to these three pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Gibbs
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States
| | - Rachel A Weber
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Pharmacy & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - DeAnna L Adkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States; Center of Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States; Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Noninvasive brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are typically associated with neuroprosthetic applications or communication aids developed to assist in daily life after loss of motor function, eg, in severe paralysis. However, BMI technology has recently been found to be a powerful tool to promote neural plasticity facilitating motor recovery after brain damage, eg, due to stroke or trauma. In such BMI paradigms, motor cortical output and input are simultaneously activated, for instance by translating motor cortical activity associated with the attempt to move the paralyzed fingers into actual exoskeleton-driven finger movements, resulting in contingent visual and somatosensory feedback. Here, we describe the rationale and basic principles underlying such BMI motor rehabilitation paradigms and review recent studies that provide new insights into BMI-related neural plasticity and reorganization. Current challenges in clinical implementation and the broader use of BMI technology in stroke neurorehabilitation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ushiba
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - S R Soekadar
- Applied Neurotechnology Laboratory, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
For over a century, axon regeneration has been considered the Holy Grail for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. Although there are other factors that could contribute to improving function, restoring the long motor and sensory tracts that are interrupted by SCI has the greatest potential for actually reversing paralysis, restoring the brain's control of autonomic functions mediated by sympathetic and parasympathetic circuits of the spinal cord and restoring sensation. Accordingly and in keeping with the overall theme of this special issue, this review focuses narrowly on rodent SCI models for studies of axon regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
| | - Rafer Willenberg
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kurabe S, Itoh K, Nakada T, Fujii Y. Evidence for cerebellar motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients: An fMRI study. Neurosci Lett 2016; 622:45-8. [PMID: 27102144 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Functional reorganization of the motor system following brain damage has been studied extensively in stroke patients, in which not only the cerebrum but also the cerebellum (Cbll) undergoes substantial reorganization. However, the role of Cbll in motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients remains poorly investigated. Because brain damages in brain tumor patients occur much more slowly than in stroke patients, the neural mechanisms for motor functional reorganization might differ between these two disease conditions. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated whether Cbll constitutes the neural substrates for motor functional reorganization in eighteen supratentorial brain tumor patients who exhibited no clinical signs of paresis. The patients and normal volunteers underwent a unilateral hand movement task. In the patients, the locus of primary sensory motor (SM1) activation during contralesional hand movement was significantly displaced by the tumor, suggesting functional compromise and/or reorganization in the central sulcus region. In addition, their contralesional Cbll activation during contralesional hand movement was substantially increased as compared to normal controls. The finding represents the first conclusive evidence that Cbll is involved in the motor-related functional reorganization in patients with brain tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Japan
| | - Kosuke Itoh
- Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakada
- Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Armstrong CC, Moody TD, Feusner JD, McCracken JT, Chang S, Levitt JG, Piacentini JC, O'Neill J. Graph-theoretical analysis of resting-state fMRI in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord 2016; 193:175-84. [PMID: 26773910 PMCID: PMC5767329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND fMRI graph theory reveals resting-state brain networks, but has never been used in pediatric OCD. METHODS Whole-brain resting-state fMRI was acquired at 3T from 21 children with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls. BOLD connectivity was analyzed yielding global and local graph-theory metrics across 100 child-based functional nodes. We also compared local metrics between groups in frontopolar, supplementary motor, and sensorimotor cortices, regions implicated in recent neuroimaging and/or brain stimulation treatment studies in OCD. RESULTS As in adults, the global metric small-worldness was significantly (P<0.05) lower in patients than controls, by 13.5% (%mean difference=100%X(OCD mean - control mean)/control mean). This suggests less efficient information transfer in patients. In addition, modularity was lower in OCD (15.1%, P<0.01), suggesting less granular - or differently organized - functional brain parcellation. Higher clustering coefficients (23.9-32.4%, P<0.05) were observed in patients in frontopolar, supplementary motor, sensorimotor, and cortices with lower betweenness centrality (-63.6%, P<0.01) at one frontopolar site. These findings are consistent with more locally intensive connectivity or less interaction with other brain regions at these sites. LIMITATIONS Relatively large node size; relatively small sample size, comorbidities in some patients. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric OCD patients demonstrate aberrant global and local resting-state network connectivity topologies compared to healthy children. Local results accord with recent views of OCD as a disorder with sensorimotor component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey C. Armstrong
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Teena D. Moody
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jamie D. Feusner
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James T. McCracken
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susanna Chang
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer G. Levitt
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John C. Piacentini
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute For Neurosciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neurosciences, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nakahachi T, Ishii R, Canuet L, Iwase M. Implied functional crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis and interhemispheric compensation during hand grasping more than 20 years after unilateral cerebellar injury in early childhood. Cerebellum Ataxias 2015; 2:15. [PMID: 26594383 PMCID: PMC4654829 DOI: 10.1186/s40673-015-0032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis (CCCD) conventionally refers to decreased resting cerebral activity caused by injury to the contralateral cerebellum. We investigated whether functional activation of a contralesional cerebral cortical region controlling a specific task is reduced during task performance in a patient with a unilateral cerebellar lesion. We also examined functional compensation by the corresponding ipsilesional cerebral cortex. It was hypothesized that dysfunction of the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) contralateral to the cerebellar lesion would be detected together with a compensatory increase in neural activity of the ipsilesional SM1. To test these possibilities, we conducted non-invasive functional neuroimaging techniques for bilateral SM1 during hand grasping, a task known to activate predominantly the SM1 contralateral to the grasping hand. Activity in SM1 during hand grasping was measured electrophysiologically by magnetoencephalography and hemodynamically by near-infrared spectroscopy in an adult with mild right hemiataxia associated with a large injury of the right cerebellum due to resection of a tumor in early childhood. RESULTS During left hand grasping, increased neural activity was detected predominantly in the right SM1, the typical developmental pattern. In contrast, neural activity increased in the bilateral SM1 with slight right-side dominance during right (ataxic) hand grasping. CONCLUSIONS This study reported a case that implied functional CCCD and compensatory neural activity in the SM1 during performance of a simple hand motor task in an adult with unilateral cerebellar injury and mild hemiataxia 24 years prior to the study without rehabilitative interventions. This suggests that unilateral cerebellar injuries in early childhood may result in persistent functional abnormalities in the cerebrum into adulthood. Therapeutic treatments that target functional CCCD and interhemispheric compensation might be effective for treating ataxia due to unilateral cerebellar damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nakahachi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, D3 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Ryouhei Ishii
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, D3 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Leonides Canuet
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Madrid Complutense University and Madrid Polytechnic University, Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid Spain
| | - Masao Iwase
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, D3 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Linder M, Michaelson P, Röijezon U. Laterality judgments in people with low back pain--A cross-sectional observational and test-retest reliability study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26198686 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of cortical representation, or body schema, has been indicated as a factor in the persistence and recurrence of low back pain (LBP). This has been observed through impaired laterality judgment ability and it has been suggested that this ability is affected in a spatial rather than anatomical manner. OBJECTIVES We compared laterality judgment performance of foot and trunk movements between people with LBP with or without leg pain and healthy controls, and investigated associations between test performance and pain. We also assessed the test-retest reliability of the Recognise Online™ software when used in a clinical and a home setting. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational and test-retest study. METHODS Thirty individuals with LBP and 30 healthy controls performed judgment tests of foot and trunk laterality once supervised in a clinic and twice at home. RESULTS No statistically significant group differences were found. LBP intensity was negatively related to trunk laterality accuracy (p = 0.019). Intraclass correlation values ranged from 0.51 to 0.91. Reaction time improved significantly between test occasions while accuracy did not. CONCLUSIONS Laterality judgments were not impaired in subjects with LBP compared to controls. Further research may clarify the relationship between pain mechanisms in LBP and laterality judgment ability. Reliability values were mostly acceptable, with wide and low confidence intervals, suggesting test-retest reliability for Recognise Online™ could be questioned in this trial. A significant learning effect was observed which should be considered in clinical and research application of the test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Linder
- Ystad Rehab Center, Aulingatan 22A, 271 39 Ystad, Sweden.
| | - Peter Michaelson
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Ulrik Röijezon
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mackey AS, Uttaro D, McDonough MP, Krivis LI, Knikou M. Convergence of flexor reflex and corticospinal inputs on tibialis anterior network in humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:706-715. [PMID: 26122072 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Integration between descending and ascending inputs at supraspinal and spinal levels is a key characteristic of neural control of movement. In this study, we characterized convergence of the flexor reflex and corticospinal inputs on the tibialis anterior (TA) network in healthy human subjects. Specifically, we characterized the modulation profiles of the spinal TA flexor reflex following subthreshold and suprathreshold transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We also characterized the modulation profiles of the TA motor evoked potentials (MEPs) following medial arch foot stimulation at sensory and above reflex threshold. METHODS TA flexor reflexes were evoked following stimulation of the medial arch of the foot with a 30 ms pulse train at innocuous intensities. TA MEPs were evoked following TMS of the leg motor cortex area. RESULTS TMS at 0.7 and at 1.2 MEP resting threshold increased the TA flexor reflex when TMS was delivered 40-100 ms after foot stimulation, and decreased the TA flexor reflex when TMS was delivered 25-110 ms before foot stimulation. Foot stimulation at sensory and above flexor reflex threshold induced a similar time-dependent modulation in resting TA MEPs, that were facilitated when foot stimulation was delivered 40-100 ms before TMS. The flexor reflex and MEPs recorded from the medial hamstring muscle were modulated in a similar manner to that observed for the TA flexor reflex and MEP. CONCLUSION Cutaneomuscular afferents from the distal foot can increase the output of the leg motor cortex area. Descending motor volleys that directly or indirectly depolarize flexor motoneurons increase the output of the spinal FRA interneuronal network. The parallel facilitation of flexor MEPs and flexor reflexes is likely cortical in origin. SIGNIFICANCE Afferent mediated facilitation of corticospinal excitability can be utilized to strengthen motor cortex output in neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann S Mackey
- Graduate Center/Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Denise Uttaro
- Graduate Center/Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Maureen P McDonough
- Graduate Center/Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lisa I Krivis
- Graduate Center/Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Maria Knikou
- Graduate Center/Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bourguignon M, Piitulainen H, De Tiège X, Jousmäki V, Hari R. Corticokinematic coherence mainly reflects movement-induced proprioceptive feedback. Neuroimage 2014; 106:382-90. [PMID: 25463469 PMCID: PMC4295920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) reflects coupling between magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals and hand kinematics, mainly occurring at hand movement frequency (F0) and its first harmonic (F1). Since CKC can be obtained for both active and passive movements, it has been suggested to mainly reflect proprioceptive feedback to the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex. However, the directionality of the brain-kinematics coupling has not been previously assessed and was thus quantified in the present study by means of renormalized partial directed coherence (rPDC). MEG data were obtained from 15 subjects who performed right index-finger movements and whose finger was, in another session, passively moved, with or without tactile input. Four additional subjects underwent the same task with slowly varying movement pace, spanning the 1-5 Hz frequency range. The coupling between SM1 activity recorded with MEG and finger kinematics was assessed with coherence and rPDC. In all conditions, the afferent rPDC spectrum, which resembled the coherence spectrum, displayed higher values than the efferent rPDC spectrum. The afferent rPDC was 37% higher when tactile input was present, and it was at highest at F1 of the passive conditions; the efferent rPDC level did not differ between conditions. The apparent latency for the afferent input, estimated within the framework of the rPDC analysis, was 50-100 ms. The higher directional coupling between hand kinematics and SM1 activity in afferent than efferent direction strongly supports the view that CKC mainly reflects movement-related somatosensory proprioceptive afferent input to the contralateral SM1 cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bourguignon
- Brain Research Unit and MEG Core, O.V. Lounasmaa Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, PO BOX 15100, FI-00076-AALTO Espoo, Finland.
| | - Harri Piitulainen
- Brain Research Unit and MEG Core, O.V. Lounasmaa Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, PO BOX 15100, FI-00076-AALTO Espoo, Finland
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau, UNI - ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808 Lennik Street, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Veikko Jousmäki
- Brain Research Unit and MEG Core, O.V. Lounasmaa Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, PO BOX 15100, FI-00076-AALTO Espoo, Finland
| | - Riitta Hari
- Brain Research Unit and MEG Core, O.V. Lounasmaa Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, PO BOX 15100, FI-00076-AALTO Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|