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Verlaat L, Rijks N, Dilai J, Admiraal M, Beudel M, de Bie RM, van der Zwaag W, Schuurman R, van den Munckhof P, Bot M. 7-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanning in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: Improving Visualization of the Dorsolateral Subthalamic Nucleus. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:373-380. [PMID: 38385792 PMCID: PMC10982587 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the dorsolateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) can be challenging due to the size and double-oblique orientation. Since 2015 we implemented 7-Tesla T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (7 T T2) for improving visualization and targeting of the dorsolateral STN. We describe the changes in surgical planning and outcome since implementation of 7 T T2 for DBS in PD. METHODS By comparing two cohorts of STN DBS patients in different time periods we evaluated the influence of 7 T T2 on STN target planning, the number of microelectrode recording (MER) trajectories, length of STN activity and the postoperative motor (UPDRS) improvement. RESULTS From February 2007 to January 2014, 1.5 and 3-Tesla T2 guided STN DBS with 3 MER channels was performed in 76 PD patients. Average length of recorded STN activity in the definite electrode trajectory was 3.9 ± 1.5 mm. From January 2015 to January 2022 7 T T2 and MER-guided STN DBS was performed in 182 PD patients. Average length of recorded STN activity in the definite electrode trajectory was 5.1 ± 1.3 mm and used MER channels decreased from 3 to 1. Average UPDRS improvement was comparable. CONCLUSION Implementation of 7 T T2 for STN DBS enabled a refinement in targeting. Combining classical DBS targeting with dorsolateral STN alignment may be used to determine the optimal trajectory. The improvement in dorsolateral STN visualization can be used for further target refinements, for example adding probabilistic subthalamic connectivity, to enhance clinical outcome of STN DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Verlaat
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Niels Rijks
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - José Dilai
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologyUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Admiraal
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologyUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Martijn Beudel
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologyUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Rob M.A. de Bie
- Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologyUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Rick Schuurman
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van den Munckhof
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Maarten Bot
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity Medical Centers, Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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Runderkamp BA, Roos T, van der Zwaag W, Strijkers GJ, Caan MWA, Nederveen AJ. Whole-liver flip-angle shimming at 7 T using parallel-transmit k T -point pulses and Fourier phase-encoded DREAM B 1 + mapping. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:75-90. [PMID: 37799015 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To obtain homogeneous signal throughout the human liver at 7 T. Flip angle (FA) shimming in 7T whole-liver imaging was performed through parallel-transmit kT -point pulses based on subject-specific multichannel absoluteB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ maps from Fourier phase-encoded dual refocusing echo acquisition mode (PE-DREAM). METHODS The optimal number of Fourier phase-encoding steps for PE-DREAMB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping was determined for a 7T eight-channel parallel-transmission system. FA shimming experiments were performed in the liver of 7 healthy subjects with varying body mass index. In these subjects, firstB 0 $$ {\mathrm{B}}_0 $$ shimming and Fourier PE-DREAMB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping were performed. Subsequently, three small-flip-angle 3D gradient-echo scans were acquired, comparing a circularly polarized (CP) mode, a phase shim, and a kT -point pulse. Resulting homogeneity was assessed and compared with estimated FA maps and distributions. RESULTS Fourier PE-DREAM with 13 phase-encoding steps resulted in a good tradeoff betweenB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ accuracy and scan time. Lower coefficient of variation values (average [min-max] across subjects) of the estimated FA in the volume of interest were observed using kT -points (7.4 [6.6%-8.0%]), compared with phase shimming (18.8 [12.9%-23.4%], p < 0.001) and CP (43.2 [39.4%-47.1%], p < 0.001). kT -points delivered whole-liver images with the nominal FA and the highest degree of homogeneity. CP and phase shimming resulted in either inaccurate or imprecise FA distributions. Here, locations having suboptimal FA in the estimated FA maps corresponded to liver areas suffering from inconsistent signal intensity and T1 -weighting in the gradient-echo scans. CONCLUSION Homogeneous whole-liver 3D gradient-echo acquisitions at 7 T can be obtained with eight-channel kT -point pulses calculated based on subject-specific multichannel absolute Fourier PE-DREAMB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby A Runderkamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Roos
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy for Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- High-Field Research Group, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy for Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Computational and Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matthan W A Caan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Heij J, Raimondo L, Siero JCW, Dumoulin SO, van der Zwaag W, Knapen T. A selection and targeting framework of cortical locations for line-scanning fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5471-5484. [PMID: 37608563 PMCID: PMC10543358 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Depth-resolved functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an emerging field growing in popularity given the potential of separating signals from different computational processes in cerebral cortex. Conventional acquisition schemes suffer from low spatial and temporal resolutions. Line-scanning methods allow depth-resolved fMRI by sacrificing spatial coverage to sample blood oxygenated level-dependent (BOLD) responses at ultra-high temporal and spatial resolution. For neuroscience applications, it is critical to be able to place the line accurately to (1) sample the right neural population and (2) target that neural population with tailored stimuli or tasks. To this end, we devised a multi-session framework where a target cortical location is selected based on anatomical and functional properties. The line is then positioned according to this information in a separate second session, and we tailor the experiment to focus on the target location. Anatomically, the precision of the line placement was confirmed by projecting a nominal representation of the acquired line back onto the surface. Functional estimates of neural selectivities in the line, as quantified by a visual population-receptive field model, resembled the target selectivities well for most subjects. This functional precision was quantified in detail by estimating the distance between the visual field location of the targeted vertex and the location in visual cortex (V1) that most closely resembled the line-scanning estimates; this distance was on average ~5.5 mm. Given the dimensions of the line, differences in acquisition, session, and stimulus design, this validates that line-scanning can be used to probe local neural sensitivities across sessions. In summary, we present an accurate framework for line-scanning MRI; we believe such a framework is required to harness the full potential of line-scanning and maximize its utility. Furthermore, this approach bridges canonical fMRI experiments with electrophysiological experiments, which in turn allows novel avenues for studying human physiology non-invasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjen Heij
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied PsychologyVU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied PsychologyVU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Jeroen C. W. Siero
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Serge O. Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied PsychologyVU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Spinoza Centre for NeuroimagingAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied PsychologyVU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands
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Priovoulos N, de Oliveira IAF, Poser BA, Norris DG, van der Zwaag W. Combining arterial blood contrast with BOLD increases fMRI intracortical contrast. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:2509-2522. [PMID: 36763562 PMCID: PMC10028680 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BOLD fMRI is widely applied in human neuroscience but is limited in its spatial specificity due to a cortical-depth-dependent venous bias. This reduces its localization specificity with respect to neuronal responses, a disadvantage for neuroscientific research. Here, we modified a submillimeter BOLD protocol to selectively reduce venous and tissue signal and increase cerebral blood volume weighting through a pulsed saturation scheme (dubbed Arterial Blood Contrast) at 7 T. Adding Arterial Blood Contrast on top of the existing BOLD contrast modulated the intracortical contrast. Isolating the Arterial Blood Contrast showed a response free of pial-surface bias. The results suggest that Arterial Blood Contrast can modulate the typical fMRI spatial specificity, with important applications in in-vivo neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Priovoulos
- Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Icaro Agenor Ferreira de Oliveira
- Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benedikt A Poser
- MR-Methods Group, Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - David G Norris
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MRI, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Priovoulos N, Andersen M, Dumoulin SO, Boer VO, van der Zwaag W. High-Resolution Motion-corrected 7.0-T MRI to Derive Morphologic Measures from the Human Cerebellum in Vivo. Radiology 2023; 307:e220989. [PMID: 36648348 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.220989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The human cerebellum has a large, highly folded cortical sheet. Its visualization is important for various disorders, including multiple sclerosis and spinocerebellar ataxias. The derivation of the cerebellar cortical surface in vivo is impeded by its high foliation. Purpose To image the cerebellar cortex, including its foliations and lamination, in less than 20 minutes, reconstruct the cerebellocortical surface, and extract cortical measures with use of motion-corrected, high-spatial-resolution 7.0-T MRI. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, conducted between February 2021 and July 2022, healthy participants underwent an examination with either a 0.19 × 0.19 × 0.5-mm3, motion-corrected fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence (14.5 minutes) or a whole-cerebellum 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.4-mm3, motion-corrected magnetization-prepared 2 rapid gradient-echo (MP2RAGE) sequence (18.5 minutes) at 7.0 T. Four participants underwent an additional FLASH sequence without motion correction. FLASH and MP2RAGE sequences were used to visualize the cerebellar cortical layers, derive cerebellar gray and white matter segmentations, and examine their fidelity. Quantitative measures were compared using repeated-measures analyses of variance or paired t tests. Results Nine participants (median age, 36 years [IQR, 25-42 years; range, 21-62 years]; five women) underwent examination with the FLASH sequence. Nine participants (median age, 37 years [IQR, 34-42 years; range, 25-62 years]; five men) underwent examination with the MP2RAGE sequence. A susceptibility difference between the expected location of the granular and molecular cerebellar layers was visually detected in the FLASH data in all participants. The segmentations derived from the whole-cerebellum MP2RAGE sequence showed the characteristic anatomic features of the cerebellum, like the transverse fissures and splitting folds. The cortical surface area (median, 949 cm2 [IQR, 825-1021 cm2]) was 1.8 times larger, and the cortical thickness (median, 0.88 mm [IQR, 0.81-0.93 mm]) was five times thinner than previous in vivo estimates and closer to ex vivo reference data. Conclusion In vivo imaging of the cerebellar cortical layers and surface and derivation of quantitative measures was feasible in a clinically acceptable acquisition time with use of motion-corrected 7.0-T MRI. Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Dietrich in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Priovoulos
- From the Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.A.); Lund University Bioimaging Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.A.); Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); and Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark (V.O.B.)
| | - Mads Andersen
- From the Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.A.); Lund University Bioimaging Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.A.); Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); and Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark (V.O.B.)
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- From the Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.A.); Lund University Bioimaging Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.A.); Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); and Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark (V.O.B.)
| | - Vincent O Boer
- From the Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.A.); Lund University Bioimaging Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.A.); Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); and Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark (V.O.B.)
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- From the Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (N.P., S.O.D., W.v.d.Z.); Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.A.); Lund University Bioimaging Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (M.A.); Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.O.D.); and Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark (V.O.B.)
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Raimondo L, Priovoulos N, Passarinho C, Heij J, Knapen T, Dumoulin SO, Siero JCW, van der Zwaag W. Robust high spatio-temporal line-scanning fMRI in humans at 7T using multi-echo readouts, denoising and prospective motion correction. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 384:109746. [PMID: 36403778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), typically using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast weighted imaging, allows the study of brain function with millimeter spatial resolution and temporal resolution of one to a few seconds. At a mesoscopic scale, neurons in the human brain are spatially organized in structures with dimensions of hundreds of micrometers, while they communicate at the millisecond timescale. For this reason, it is important to develop an fMRI method with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution. Line-scanning promises to reach this goal at the cost of volume coverage. NEW METHOD Here, we release a comprehensive update to human line-scanning fMRI. First, we investigated multi-echo line-scanning with five different protocols varying the number of echoes and readout bandwidth while keeping the TR constant. In these, we compared different echo combination approaches in terms of BOLD activation (sensitivity) and temporal signal-to-noise ratio. Second, we implemented an adaptation of NOise reduction with DIstribution Corrected principal component analysis (NORDIC) thermal noise removal for line-scanning fMRI data. Finally, we tested three image-based navigators for motion correction and investigated different ways of performing fMRI analysis on the timecourses which were influenced by the insertion of the navigators themselves. RESULTS The presented improvements are relatively straightforward to implement; multi-echo readout and NORDIC denoising together, significantly improve data quality in terms of tSNR and t-statistical values, while motion correction makes line-scanning fMRI more robust. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Multi-echo acquisitions and denoising have previously been applied in 3D magnetic resonance imaging. Their combination and application to 1D line-scanning is novel. The current proposed method greatly outperforms the previous line-scanning acquisitions with single-echo acquisition, in terms of tSNR (4.0 for single-echo line-scanning and 36.2 for NORDIC-denoised multi-echo) and t-statistical values (3.8 for single-echo line-scanning and 25.1 for NORDIC-denoised multi-echo line-scanning). CONCLUSIONS Line-scanning fMRI was advanced compared to its previous implementation in order to improve sensitivity and reliability. The improved line-scanning acquisition could be used, in the future, for neuroscientific and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Nikos Priovoulos
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Catarina Passarinho
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Jurjen Heij
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, PO Box 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, Netherlands; Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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de Oliveira ÍAF, Siero JCW, Dumoulin SO, van der Zwaag W. Improved Selectivity in 7 T Digit Mapping Using VASO-CBV. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:23-31. [PMID: 36517699 PMCID: PMC9834127 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-022-00932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at Ultra-high field (UHF, ≥ 7 T) benefits from significant gains in the BOLD contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) compared to conventional field strengths (3 T). Although these improvements enabled researchers to study the human brain to unprecedented spatial resolution, the blood pooling effect reduces the spatial specificity of the widely-used gradient-echo BOLD acquisitions. In this context, vascular space occupancy (VASO-CBV) imaging may be advantageous since it is proposed to have a higher spatial specificity than BOLD. We hypothesized that the assumed higher specificity of VASO-CBV imaging would translate to reduced overlap in fine-scale digit representation maps compared to BOLD-based digit maps. We used sub-millimeter resolution VASO fMRI at 7 T to map VASO-CBV and BOLD responses simultaneously in the motor and somatosensory cortices during individual finger movement tasks. We assessed the cortical overlap in different ways, first by calculating similarity coefficient metrics (DICE and Jaccard) and second by calculating selectivity measures. In addition, we demonstrate a consistent topographical organization of the targeted digit representations (thumb-index-little finger) in the motor areas. We show that the VASO-CBV responses yielded less overlap between the digit clusters than BOLD, and other selectivity measures were higher for VASO-CBV too. In summary, these results were consistent across metrics and participants, confirming the higher spatial specificity of VASO-CBV compared to BOLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro A. F. de Oliveira
- grid.458380.20000 0004 0368 8664Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.419918.c0000 0001 2171 8263Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C. W. Siero
- grid.458380.20000 0004 0368 8664Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.7692.a0000000090126352Radiology, Utrecht Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Serge O. Dumoulin
- grid.458380.20000 0004 0368 8664Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.419918.c0000 0001 2171 8263Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- grid.458380.20000 0004 0368 8664Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.419918.c0000 0001 2171 8263Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Kaiser FMP, Gruenbacher S, Oyaga MR, Nio E, Jaritz M, Sun Q, van der Zwaag W, Kreidl E, Zopf LM, Dalm VASH, Pel J, Gaiser C, van der Vliet R, Wahl L, Rietman A, Hill L, Leca I, Driessen G, Laffeber C, Brooks A, Katsikis PD, Lebbink JHG, Tachibana K, van der Burg M, De Zeeuw CI, Badura A, Busslinger M. Correction: Biallelic PAX5 mutations cause hypogammaglobulinemia, sensorimotor deficits, and autism spectrum disorder. J Exp Med 2022; 220:213740. [PMID: 36480208 PMCID: PMC9733837 DOI: 10.1084/jem.2022049812012022c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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9
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Zuiderbaan W, Knapen T, van der Zwaag W. Retinotopic connectivity in the cerebellum for different cognitive states. J Vis 2022. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.14.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Kaiser FMP, Gruenbacher S, Oyaga MR, Nio E, Jaritz M, Sun Q, van der Zwaag W, Kreidl E, Zopf LM, Dalm VASH, Pel J, Gaiser C, van der Vliet R, Wahl L, Rietman A, Hill L, Leca I, Driessen G, Laffeber C, Brooks A, Katsikis PD, Lebbink JHG, Tachibana K, van der Burg M, De Zeeuw CI, Badura A, Busslinger M. Biallelic PAX5 mutations cause hypogammaglobulinemia, sensorimotor deficits, and autism spectrum disorder. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213392. [PMID: 35947077 PMCID: PMC9372349 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic causes of primary antibody deficiencies and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are largely unknown. Here, we report a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia and ASD who carries biallelic mutations in the transcription factor PAX5. A patient-specific Pax5 mutant mouse revealed an early B cell developmental block and impaired immune responses as the cause of hypogammaglobulinemia. Pax5 mutant mice displayed behavioral deficits in all ASD domains. The patient and the mouse model showed aberrant cerebellar foliation and severely impaired sensorimotor learning. PAX5 deficiency also caused profound hypoplasia of the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area due to loss of GABAergic neurons, thus affecting two midbrain hubs, controlling motor function and reward processing, respectively. Heterozygous Pax5 mutant mice exhibited similar anatomic and behavioral abnormalities. Lineage tracing identified Pax5 as a crucial regulator of cerebellar morphogenesis and midbrain GABAergic neurogenesis. These findings reveal new roles of Pax5 in brain development and unravel the underlying mechanism of a novel immunological and neurodevelopmental syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian M P Kaiser
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Gruenbacher
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Roa Oyaga
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Enzo Nio
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Markus Jaritz
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Qiong Sun
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Emanuel Kreidl
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lydia M Zopf
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Virgil A S H Dalm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan Pel
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carolin Gaiser
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rick van der Vliet
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lucas Wahl
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - André Rietman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Louisa Hill
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Leca
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gertjan Driessen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Charlie Laffeber
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alice Brooks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Joyce H G Lebbink
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kikuë Tachibana
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Meinrad Busslinger
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Rijks N, Potters WV, Dilai J, De Bie RMA, de Win M, van der Zwaag W, Schuurman R, van den Munckhof P, Bot M. Combining 7T T2 and 3T FGATIR: from physiological to anatomical identification of the subthalamic nucleus borders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:1019-1020. [PMID: 35184040 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Rijks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter V Potters
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - José Dilai
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob M A De Bie
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje de Win
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Schuurman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten Bot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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van Ackooij M, Paul JM, van der Zwaag W, van der Stoep N, Harvey BM. Auditory timing-tuned neural responses in the human auditory cortices. Neuroimage 2022; 258:119366. [PMID: 35690255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Perception of sub-second auditory event timing supports multisensory integration, and speech and music perception and production. Neural populations tuned for the timing (duration and rate) of visual events were recently described in several human extrastriate visual areas. Here we ask whether the brain also contains neural populations tuned for auditory event timing, and whether these are shared with visual timing. Using 7T fMRI, we measured responses to white noise bursts of changing duration and rate. We analyzed these responses using neural response models describing different parametric relationships between event timing and neural response amplitude. This revealed auditory timing-tuned responses in the primary auditory cortex, and auditory association areas of the belt, parabelt and premotor cortex. While these areas also showed tonotopic tuning for auditory pitch, pitch and timing preferences were not consistently correlated. Auditory timing-tuned response functions differed between these areas, though without clear hierarchical integration of responses. The similarity of auditory and visual timing tuned responses, together with the lack of overlap between the areas showing these responses for each modality, suggests modality-specific responses to event timing are computed similarly but from different sensory inputs, and then transformed differently to suit the needs of each modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn van Ackooij
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CS, the Netherlands
| | - Jacob M Paul
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CS, the Netherlands; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redmond Barry Building, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Nathan van der Stoep
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CS, the Netherlands
| | - Ben M Harvey
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CS, the Netherlands.
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13
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Cerliani L, Bhandari R, De Angelis L, van der Zwaag W, Bazin PL, Gazzola V, Keysers C. Predictive coding during action observation - a depth-resolved intersubject functional correlation study at 7T. Cortex 2022; 148:121-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Oliveira ÍAF, Cai Y, Hofstetter S, Siero JCW, van der Zwaag W, Dumoulin SO. Comparing BOLD and VASO-CBV population receptive field estimates in human visual cortex. Neuroimage 2021; 248:118868. [PMID: 34974115 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Space Occupancy (VASO) is an alternative fMRI approach based on changes in Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV). VASO-CBV fMRI can provide higher spatial specificity than the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) method because the CBV response is thought to be limited to smaller vessels. To investigate how this technique compares to BOLD fMRI for cognitive neuroscience applications, we compared population receptive field (pRF) mapping estimates between BOLD and VASO-CBV. We hypothesized that VASO-CBV would elicit distinct pRF properties compared to BOLD. Specifically, since pRF size estimates also depend on vascular sources, we hypothesized that reduced vascular blurring might yield narrower pRFs for VASO-CBV measurements. We used a VASO sequence with a double readout 3D EPI sequence at 7T to simultaneously measure VASO-CBV and BOLD responses in the visual cortex while participants viewed conventional pRF mapping stimuli. Both VASO-CBV and BOLD images show similar eccentricity and polar angle maps across all participants. Compared to BOLD-based measurements, VASO-CBV yielded lower tSNR and variance explained. The pRF size changed with eccentricity similarly for VASO-CBV and BOLD, and the pRF size estimates were similar for VASO-CBV and BOLD, even when we equate variance explained between VASO-CBV and BOLD. This result suggests that the vascular component of the pRF size is not dominating in either VASO-CBV or BOLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam 1105 BK, the Netherland; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherland.
| | - Yuxuan Cai
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam 1105 BK, the Netherland; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherland
| | - Shir Hofstetter
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam 1105 BK, the Netherland
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam 1105 BK, the Netherland; Radiology, Utrecht Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherland
| | | | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam 1105 BK, the Netherland; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherland; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherland
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15
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Colizoli O, de Gee JW, van der Zwaag W, Donner TH. Functional magnetic resonance imaging responses during perceptual decision-making at 3 and 7 T in human cortex, striatum, and brainstem. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:1265-1279. [PMID: 34816533 PMCID: PMC8837598 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at ultra‐high field (7 T) promises a general increase in sensitivity compared to lower field strengths, the benefits may be most pronounced for specific applications. The current study aimed to evaluate the relative benefit of 7 over 3 T fMRI for the assessment of responses evoked in different brain regions by a well‐controlled cognitive task. At 3 and 7 T, the same participants made challenging perceptual decisions about visual motion combined with monetary rewards for correct choices. Previous work on this task has extensively characterized the underlying cognitive computations and single‐cell responses in cortical and subcortical structures. We quantified the evoked fMRI responses in extrastriate visual cortical areas, the striatum, and the brainstem during the decision interval and the post‐feedback interval of the task. The dependence of response amplitudes on field strength during the decision interval differed between cortical, striatal, and brainstem regions, with a generally bigger 7 versus 3 T benefit in subcortical structures. We also found stronger responses during relatively easier than harder decisions at 7 T for dopaminergic midbrain nuclei, in line with reward expectation. Our results demonstrate the potential of 7 T fMRI for illuminating the contribution of small brainstem nuclei to the orchestration of cognitive computations in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olympia Colizoli
- Section Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem de Gee
- Section Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tobias H Donner
- Section Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Raimondo L, Knapen T, Oliveira ĹAF, Yu X, Dumoulin SO, van der Zwaag W, Siero JCW. A line through the brain: implementation of human line-scanning at 7T for ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution fMRI. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:2831-2843. [PMID: 34415208 PMCID: PMC8756483 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211037266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a widely used tool in neuroscience to detect neurally evoked responses, e.g. the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal. Typically, BOLD fMRI has millimeter spatial resolution and temporal resolution of one to few seconds. To study the sub-millimeter structures and activity of the cortical gray matter, the field needs an fMRI method with high spatial and temporal resolution. Line-scanning fMRI achieves very high spatial resolution and high sampling rate, at the cost of a sacrifice in volume coverage. Here, we present a human line-scanning implementation on a 7T MRI system. First, we investigate the quality of the saturation pulses that suppress MR signal outside the line. Second, we established the best coil combination for reconstruction. Finally, we applied the line-scanning method in the occipital lobe during a visual stimulation task, showing BOLD responses along cortical depth, every 250 µm with a 200 ms repetition time (TR). We found a good correspondence of t-statistics values with 2D gradient-echo echo planar imaging (GE-EPI) BOLD fMRI data with the same temporal resolution and voxel volume (R = 0.6 ± 0.2). In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of line-scanning in humans and this opens line-scanning fMRI for applications in cognitive and clinical neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ĺcaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xin Yu
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental Psychology, 8125Utrecht University, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Radiology, Centre for Image Sciences, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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17
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Priovoulos N, Roos T, Ipek Ö, Meliado EF, Nkrumah RO, Klomp DWJ, van der Zwaag W. A local multi-transmit coil combined with a high-density receive array for cerebellar fMRI at 7 T. NMR Biomed 2021; 34:e4586. [PMID: 34231292 PMCID: PMC8519055 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The human cerebellum is involved in a wide array of functions, ranging from motor control to cognitive control, and as such is of great neuroscientific interest. However, its function is underexplored in vivo, due to its small size, its dense structure and its placement at the bottom of the brain, where transmit and receive fields are suboptimal. In this study, we combined two dense coil arrays of 16 small surface receive elements each with a transmit array of three antenna elements to improve BOLD sensitivity in the human cerebellum at 7 T. Our results showed improved B1+ and SNR close to the surface as well as g-factor gains compared with a commercial coil designed for whole-head imaging. This resulted in improved signal stability and large gains in the spatial extent of the activation close to the surface (<3.5 cm), while good performance was retained deeper in the cerebellum. Modulating the phase of the transmit elements of the head coil to constructively interfere in the cerebellum improved the B1+ , resulting in a temporal SNR gain. Overall, our results show that a dedicated transmit array along with the SNR gains of surface coil arrays can improve cerebellar imaging, at the cost of a decreased field of view and increased signal inhomogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Priovoulos
- Spinoza Center for NeuroimagingRoyal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Roos
- Spinoza Center for NeuroimagingRoyal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Özlem Ipek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ettore F. Meliado
- Image Sciences InstituteUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Richard O. Nkrumah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Dennis W. J. Klomp
- Image Sciences InstituteUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Center for NeuroimagingRoyal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
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18
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Raimondo L, Oliveira ĹAF, Heij J, Priovoulos N, Kundu P, Leoni RF, van der Zwaag W. Advances in resting state fMRI acquisitions for functional connectomics. Neuroimage 2021; 243:118503. [PMID: 34479041 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is based on spontaneous fluctuations in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal, which occur simultaneously in different brain regions, without the subject performing an explicit task. The low-frequency oscillations of the rs-fMRI signal demonstrate an intrinsic spatiotemporal organization in the brain (brain networks) that may relate to the underlying neural activity. In this review article, we briefly describe the current acquisition techniques for rs-fMRI data, from the most common approaches for resting state acquisition strategies, to more recent investigations with dedicated hardware and ultra-high fields. Specific sequences that allow very fast acquisitions, or multiple echoes, are discussed next. We then consider how acquisition methods weighted towards specific parts of the BOLD signal, like the Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) or Volume (CBV), can provide more spatially specific network information. These approaches are being developed alongside the commonly used BOLD-weighted acquisitions. Finally, specific applications of rs-fMRI to challenging regions such as the laminae in the neocortex, and the networks within the large areas of subcortical white matter regions are discussed. We finish the review with recommendations for acquisition strategies for a range of typical applications of resting state fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ĺcaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Heij
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Prantik Kundu
- Hyperfine Research Inc, Guilford, CT, United States; Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Renata Ferranti Leoni
- InBrain, Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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19
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Oliveira ÍAF, Roos T, Dumoulin SO, Siero JCW, van der Zwaag W. Can 7T MPRAGE match MP2RAGE for gray-white matter contrast? Neuroimage 2021; 240:118384. [PMID: 34265419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-High Field (UHF) MRI provides a significant increase in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and gains in contrast weighting in several functional and structural acquisitions. Unfortunately, an increase in field strength also induces non-uniformities in the transmit field (B1+) that can compromise image contrast non-uniformly. The MPRAGE is one of the most common T1 weighted (T1w) image acquisitions for structural imaging. It provides excellent contrast between gray and white matter and is widely used for brain segmentation. At 7T, the signal non-uniformities tend to complicate this and therefore, the self-bias-field corrected MP2RAGE is often used there. In both MPRAGE and MP2RAGE, more homogeneous image contrast can be achieved with adiabatic pulses, like the TR-FOCI inversion pulse, or special pulse design on parallel transmission systems, like Universal Pulses (UP). In the present study, we investigate different strategies to improve the bias-field for MPRAGE at 7T, comparing the contrast and GM/WM segmentability against MP2RAGE. The higher temporal efficiency of MPRAGE combined with the potential of the user-friendly UPs was the primary motivation for this MPRAGE-MP2RAGE comparison. We acquired MPRAGE data in six volunteers, adding a k-space shutter to reduce scan time, a kt-point UP approach for homogeneous signal excitation, and a TR-FOCI pulse for homogeneous inversion. Our results show remarkable signal contrast improvement throughout the brain, including regions of low B1+ such as the cerebellum. The improvements in the MPRAGE were largest following the introduction of the UPs. In addition to the CNR, both SNR and GM/WM segmentability were also assessed. Among the MPRAGEs, the combined strategy (UP + TR-FOCI) yielded highest SNR and showed highest spatial similarity between GM segments to the MP2RAGE. Interestingly, the distance between gray and white matter peaks in the intensity histograms did not increase, as better pulses and higher SNR especially benefitted the (cerebellar) gray matter. Overall, the gray-white matter contrast from MP2RAGE is higher, with higher CNR and higher intensity peak distances, even when scaled to scan time. Hence, the extra acquisition time for MP2RAGE is justified by the improved segmentability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Roos
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology, Utrecht Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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20
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Marques JP, Meineke J, Milovic C, Bilgic B, Chan K, Hedouin R, van der Zwaag W, Langkammer C, Schweser F. QSM reconstruction challenge 2.0: A realistic in silico head phantom for MRI data simulation and evaluation of susceptibility mapping procedures. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:526-542. [PMID: 33638241 PMCID: PMC8048665 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To create a realistic in silico head phantom for the second QSM reconstruction challenge and for future evaluations of processing algorithms for QSM. METHODS We created a digital whole-head tissue property phantom by segmenting and postprocessing high-resolution (0.64 mm isotropic), multiparametric MRI data acquired at 7 T from a healthy volunteer. We simulated the steady-state magnetization at 7 T using a Bloch simulator and mimicked a Cartesian sampling scheme through Fourier-based processing. Computer code for generating the phantom and performing the MR simulation was designed to facilitate flexible modifications of the phantom in the future, such as the inclusion of pathologies as well as the simulation of a wide range of acquisition protocols. Specifically, the following parameters and effects were implemented: TR and TE, voxel size, background fields, and RF phase biases. Diffusion-weighted imaging phantom data are provided, allowing future investigations of tissue-microstructure effects in phase and QSM algorithms. RESULTS The brain part of the phantom featured realistic morphology with spatial variations in relaxation and susceptibility values similar to the in vivo setting. We demonstrated some of the phantom's properties, including the possibility of generating phase data with nonlinear evolution over TE due to partial-volume effects or complex distributions of frequency shifts within the voxel. CONCLUSION The presented phantom and computer programs are publicly available and may serve as a ground truth in future assessments of the faithfulness of quantitative susceptibility reconstruction algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P. Marques
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Carlos Milovic
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Imaging CenterPontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Berkin Bilgic
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
- Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard‐MIT Health Sciences and TechnologyMITCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kwok‐Shing Chan
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Renaud Hedouin
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Centre Inria Rennes ‐ Bretagne AtlantiqueRennesFrance
| | | | | | - Ferdinand Schweser
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis CenterDepartment of NeurologyJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA
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21
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Cai Y, Hofstetter S, van Dijk J, Zuiderbaan W, van der Zwaag W, Harvey BM, Dumoulin SO. Topographic numerosity maps cover subitizing and estimation ranges. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3374. [PMID: 34099735 PMCID: PMC8184945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerosity, the set size of a group of items, helps guide behaviour and decisions. Non-symbolic numerosities are represented by the approximate number system. However, distinct behavioural performance suggests that small numerosities, i.e. subitizing range, are implemented differently in the brain than larger numerosities. Prior work has shown that neural populations selectively responding (i.e. hemodynamic responses) to small numerosities are organized into a network of topographical maps. Here, we investigate how neural populations respond to large numerosities, well into the ANS. Using 7 T fMRI and biologically-inspired analyses, we found a network of neural populations tuned to both small and large numerosities organized within the same topographic maps. These results demonstrate a continuum of numerosity preferences that progressively cover both the subitizing range and beyond within the same numerosity map, suggesting a single neural mechanism. We hypothesize that differences in map properties, such as cortical magnification and tuning width, underlie known differences in behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Cai
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | - Ben M Harvey
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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22
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Cai Y, Hofstetter S, van der Zwaag W, Zuiderbaan W, Dumoulin SO. Individualized cognitive neuroscience needs 7T: Comparing numerosity maps at 3T and 7T MRI. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118184. [PMID: 34023448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of cognitive neuroscience is weighing evidence about whether to move from the current standard field strength of 3 Tesla (3T) to ultra-high field (UHF) of 7T and above. The present study contributes to the evidence by comparing a computational cognitive neuroscience paradigm at 3T and 7T. The goal was to evaluate the practical effects, i.e. model predictive power, of field strength on a numerosity task using accessible pre-processing and analysis tools. Previously, using 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging and biologically-inspired analyses, i.e. population receptive field modelling, we discovered topographical organization of numerosity-selective neural populations in human parietal cortex. Here we show that these topographic maps are also detectable at 3T. However, averaging of many more functional runs was required at 3T to reliably reconstruct numerosity maps. On average, one 7T run had about four times the model predictive power of one 3T run. We believe that this amount of scanning would have made the initial discovery of the numerosity maps on 3T highly infeasible in practice. Therefore, we suggest that the higher signal-to-noise ratio and signal sensitivity of UHF MRI is necessary to build mechanistic models of the organization and function of our cognitive abilities in individual participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Cai
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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23
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Akselrod M, Martuzzi R, van der Zwaag W, Blanke O, Serino A. Relation between palm and finger cortical representations in primary somatosensory cortex: A 7T fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2262-2277. [PMID: 33621380 PMCID: PMC8046155 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies focused on the cortical representations of fingers, while the palm is relatively neglected despite its importance for hand function. Here, we investigated palm representation (PR) and its relationship with finger representations (FRs) in primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Few studies in humans suggested that PR is located medially with respect to FRs in S1, yet to date, no study directly quantified the somatotopic organization of PR and the five FRs. Importantly, the link between the somatotopic organization of PR and FRs and their activation properties remains largely unexplored. Using 7T fMRI, we mapped PR and the five FRs at the single subject level. First, we analyzed the cortical distance between PR and FRs to determine their somatotopic organization. Results show that PR was located medially with respect to D5. Second, we tested whether the observed cortical distances would predict the relationship between PR and FRs activations. Using three complementary measures (cross-activations, pattern similarity and resting-state connectivity), we show that the relationship between PR and FRs activations were not determined by their somatotopic organization, that is, there was no gradient moving from D5 to D1, except for resting-state connectivity, which was predicted by the somatotopy. Instead, we show that the representational geometry of PR and FRs activations reflected the physical structure of the hand. Collectively, our findings suggest that the spatial proximity between topographically organized neuronal populations do not necessarily predicts their functional properties, rather the structure of the sensory space (e.g., the hand shape) better describes the observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Akselrod
- Laboratory MySpace, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute and Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Minded Program, CMON Unit, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Martuzzi
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute and Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Foundation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Olaf Blanke
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute and Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Serino
- Laboratory MySpace, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute and Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
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24
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de Hollander G, van der Zwaag W, Qian C, Zhang P, Knapen T. Ultra-high field fMRI reveals origins of feedforward and feedback activity within laminae of human ocular dominance columns. Neuroimage 2020; 228:117683. [PMID: 33385565 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high field MRI can functionally image the cerebral cortex of human subjects at the submillimeter scale of cortical columns and laminae. Here, we investigate both in concert, by imaging ocular dominance columns (ODCs) in primary visual cortex (V1) across different cortical depths. We ensured that putative ODC patterns in V1 (a) are stable across runs, sessions, and scanners located in different continents, (b) have a width (~1.3 mm) expected from post-mortem and animal work and (c) are absent at the retinotopic location of the blind spot. We then dissociated the effects of bottom-up thalamo-cortical input and attentional feedback processes on activity in V1 across cortical depth. Importantly, the separation of bottom-up information flows into ODCs allowed us to validly compare attentional conditions while keeping the stimulus identical throughout the experiment. We find that, when correcting for draining vein effects and using both model-based and model-free approaches, the effect of monocular stimulation is largest at deep and middle cortical depths. Conversely, spatial attention influences BOLD activity exclusively near the pial surface. Our findings show that simultaneous interrogation of columnar and laminar dimensions of the cortical fold can dissociate thalamocortical inputs from top-down processing, and allow the investigation of their interactions without any stimulus manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles de Hollander
- Department of Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics (ZNE), Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chencan Qian
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Department of Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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25
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Oliveira ÍAF, van der Zwaag W, Raimondo L, Dumoulin SO, Siero JCW. Comparing hand movement rate dependence of cerebral blood volume and BOLD responses at 7T. Neuroimage 2020; 226:117623. [PMID: 33301935 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast takes advantage of the coupling between neuronal activity and the hemodynamics to allow a non-invasive localisation of the neuronal activity. In general, fMRI experiments assume a linear relationship between neuronal activation and the observed hemodynamics. However, the relationship between BOLD responses, neuronal activity, and behaviour are often nonlinear. In addition, the nonlinearity between BOLD responses and behaviour may be related to neuronal process rather than a neurovascular uncoupling. Further, part of the nonlinearity may be driven by vascular nonlinearity effects in particular from large vessel contributions. fMRI based on cerebral blood volume (CBV), promises a higher microvascular specificity, potentially without vascular nonlinearity effects and reduced contamination of the large draining vessels compared to BOLD. In this study, we aimed to investigate differences in BOLD and VASO-CBV signal changes during a hand movement task over a broad range of movement rates. We used a double readout 3D-EPI sequence at 7T to simultaneously measure VASO-CBV and BOLD responses in the sensorimotor cortex. The measured BOLD and VASO-CBV responses increased very similarly in a nonlinear fashion, plateauing for movement rates larger than 1 Hz. Our findings show a tight relationship between BOLD and VASO-CBV responses, indicating that the overall interplay of CBV and BOLD responses are similar for the assessed range of movement rates. These results suggest that the observed nonlinearity of neuronal origin is already present in VASO-CBV measurements, and consequently shows relatively unchanged BOLD responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro A F Oliveira
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Luisa Raimondo
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology, Utrecht Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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26
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Galbusera R, Parmar K, Boillat Y, Fartaria MJ, Todea AR, Brien KO, Smolinski A, Kappos L, van der Zwaag W, Granziera C. Laminar analysis of the cerebellar cortex shows widespread damage in early MS patients: A pilot study at 7T MRI. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2020; 6:2055217320961409. [PMID: 33149930 PMCID: PMC7586276 DOI: 10.1177/2055217320961409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, little is known about the presence and extent of cerebellar cortical pathology in early stages of MS. Objective The aims of this study were to (i) investigate microstructural changes in the normal-appearing cerebellar cortex of early MS patients by using 7 T MRI and (ii) evaluate the influence of those changes on clinical performance. Methods Eighteen RRMS patients and nine healthy controls underwent quantitative T1 and T2* measurement at 7 T MRI using high-resolution MP2RAGE and multi-echo gradient-echo imaging. After subtracting lesion masks, average T1 and T2* maps were computed for three layers in the cerebellar cortex and compared between groups using mixed effects models. Results The volume of the cerebellar cortex and its layers did not differ between patients and controls. In MS patients, significantly longer T1 values were observed in all vermis cortical layers and in the middle and external cortical layer of the cerebellar hemispheres. No between-group differences in T2* values were found. T1 values correlated with EDSS, SDMT and PASAT. Conclusions We found MRI evidence of damage in the normal-appearing cerebellar cortex at early MS stages and before volumetric changes. This microstructural alteration appears to be related to EDSS and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Galbusera
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Parmar
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yohan Boillat
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mario Joao Fartaria
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG (HC CMEA SUI DI BM PI), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra-Ramona Todea
- Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kieran O' Brien
- Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd., Bowen Hills, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna Smolinski
- Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cristina Granziera
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Miletić S, Bazin PL, Weiskopf N, van der Zwaag W, Forstmann BU, Trampel R. fMRI protocol optimization for simultaneously studying small subcortical and cortical areas at 7 T. Neuroimage 2020; 219:116992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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28
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Bazin PL, Nijsse HE, van der Zwaag W, Gallichan D, Alkemade A, Vos FM, Forstmann BU, Caan MWA. Sharpness in motion corrected quantitative imaging at 7T. Neuroimage 2020; 222:117227. [PMID: 32781231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-millimeter imaging at 7T has opened new possibilities for qualitatively and quantitatively studying brain structure as it evolves throughout the life span. However, subject motion introduces image blurring on the order of magnitude of the spatial resolution and is thus detrimental to image quality. Such motion can be corrected for, but widespread application has not yet been achieved and quantitative evaluation is lacking. This raises a need to quantitatively measure image sharpness throughout the brain. We propose a method to quantify sharpness of brain structures at sub-voxel resolution, and use it to assess to what extent limited motion is related to image sharpness. The method was evaluated in a cohort of 24 healthy volunteers with a wide and uniform age range, aiming to arrive at results that largely generalize to larger populations. Using 3D fat-excited motion navigators, quantitative R1, R2* and Quantitative Susceptibility Maps and T1-weighted images were retrospectively corrected for motion. Sharpness was quantified in all modalities for selected regions of interest (ROI) by fitting the sigmoidally shaped error function to data within locally homogeneous clusters. A strong, almost linear correlation between motion and sharpness improvement was observed, and motion correction significantly improved sharpness. Overall, the Full Width at Half Maximum reduced from 0.88 mm to 0.70 mm after motion correction, equivalent to a 2.0 times smaller voxel volume. Motion and sharpness were not found to correlate with the age of study participants. We conclude that in our data, motion correction using fat navigators is overall able to restore the measured sharpness to the imaging resolution, irrespective of the amount of motion observed during scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Integrative Model-based Cognitive Neuroscience research unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Hannah E Nijsse
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Daniel Gallichan
- CUBRIC, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Anneke Alkemade
- Integrative Model-based Cognitive Neuroscience research unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Frans M Vos
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Birte U Forstmann
- Integrative Model-based Cognitive Neuroscience research unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Matthan W A Caan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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29
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Boillat Y, Xin L, van der Zwaag W, Gruetter R. Metabolite concentration changes associated with positive and negative BOLD responses in the human visual cortex: A functional MRS study at 7 Tesla. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:488-500. [PMID: 30755134 PMCID: PMC7026843 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19831022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Negative blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal observed during task execution in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be caused by different mechanisms, such as a blood-stealing effect or neuronal deactivation. Electrophysiological recordings showed that neuronal deactivation underlies the negative BOLD observed in the occipital lobe during visual stimulation. In this study, the metabolic demand of such a response was studied by measuring local metabolite concentration changes during a visual checkerboard stimulation using functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) at 7 Tesla. The results showed increases of glutamate and lactate concentrations during the positive BOLD response, consistent with previous fMRS studies. In contrast, during the negative BOLD response, decreasing concentrations of glutamate, lactate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were found, suggesting a reduction of glycolytic and oxidative metabolic demand below the baseline. Additionally, the respective changes of the BOLD signal, glutamate and lactate concentrations of both groups suggest that a local increase of inhibitory activity might occur during the negative BOLD response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Boillat
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lijing Xin
- Animal imaging and technology core (AIT), Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Animal imaging and technology core (AIT), Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Animal imaging and technology core (AIT), Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Groenendijk IM, Luijten SPR, de Zeeuw CI, Holstege JC, Scheepe JR, van der Zwaag W, Blok BFM. Whole brain 7T-fMRI during pelvic floor muscle contraction in male subjects. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 39:382-392. [PMID: 31724214 PMCID: PMC7004158 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim The primary aim of this study is to demonstrate that 7‐tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (7T‐fMRI) can visualize the neural representations of the male pelvic floor in the whole brain of a single subject. Methods In total, 17 healthy male volunteers (age 20‐47) were scanned in a 7T‐MRI scanner (Philips Achieva). The scanning protocol consisted of two functional runs using a multiband echo planar imaging sequence and a T1‐weighted scan. The subjects executed two motor tasks, one involving consecutive pelvic floor muscle contractions (PFMC) and a control task with tongue movements. Results In single subjects, results of both tasks were visualized in the cortex, putamen, thalamus, and the cerebellum. Activation was seen during PFMC in the superomedial and inferolateral primary motor cortex (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), insula, midcingulate gyrus (MCG), putamen, thalamus, and in the anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum. During tongue movement, activation was seen in the inferolateral M1, SMA, MCG, putamen, thalamus, and anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum. Tongue activation was found in the proximity of, but not overlapping with, the PFMC activation. Connectivity analysis demonstrated differences in neural networks involved in PFMC and tongue movement. Conclusion This study demonstrated that 7T‐fMRI can be used to visualize brain areas involved in pelvic floor control in the whole brain of single subjects and defined the specific brain areas involved in PFMC. Distinct differences between brain mechanisms controlling the pelvic floor and tongue movements were demonstrated using connectivity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse M Groenendijk
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven P R Luijten
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris I de Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joan C Holstege
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen R Scheepe
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bertil F M Blok
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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31
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Bazin PL, Alkemade A, van der Zwaag W, Caan M, Mulder M, Forstmann BU. Denoising High-Field Multi-Dimensional MRI With Local Complex PCA. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1066. [PMID: 31649500 PMCID: PMC6794471 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern high field and ultra high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiments routinely collect multi-dimensional data with high spatial resolution, whether multi-parametric structural, diffusion or functional MRI. While diffusion and functional imaging have benefited from recent advances in multi-dimensional signal analysis and denoising, structural MRI has remained untouched. In this work, we propose a denoising technique for multi-parametric quantitative MRI, combining a highly popular denoising method from diffusion imaging, over-complete local PCA, with a reconstruction of the complex-valued MR signal in order to define stable estimates of the noise in the decomposition. With this approach, we show signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvements in high resolution MRI without compromising the spatial accuracy or generating spurious perceptual boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anneke Alkemade
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Matthan Caan
- Brain Imaging Centre, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Mulder
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Birte U. Forstmann
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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de Hollander G, van der Zwaag W, Qiang C, Zhang P, Knapen T. Multi-center mapping of human ocular dominance columns with BOLD fMRI. J Vis 2019. [DOI: 10.1167/19.10.64b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles de Hollander
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neu-roimaging, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chencan Qiang
- Institute for Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute for Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Spinoza Centre for Neu-roimaging, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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33
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van Elk M, Arciniegas Gomez MA, van der Zwaag W, van Schie HT, Sauter D. The neural correlates of the awe experience: Reduced default mode network activity during feelings of awe. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3561-3574. [PMID: 31062899 PMCID: PMC6766853 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present fMRI study, we aimed to obtain insight into the key brain networks involved in the experience of awe-a complex emotion that is typically elicited by perceptually vast stimuli. Participants were presented with awe-eliciting, positive and neutral videos, while they were instructed to get fully absorbed in the scenery or to count the number of perspective changes. By using a whole-brain analysis we found that several brain regions that are considered part of the default mode network (DMN), including the frontal pole, the angular gyrus, and the posterior cingulate cortex, were more strongly activated in the absorption condition. But this was less the case when participants were watching awe videos. We suggest that while watching awe videos, participants were deeply immersed in the videos and that levels of self-reflective thought were as much reduced during the awe videos, as during the perspective counting condition. In contrast, key regions of the fronto-parietal network (FPN), including the supramarginal gyrus, the medial frontal gyrus, and the insula, were most strongly activated in the analytical condition when participants were watching awe compared to positive and neutral videos. This finding underlines the captivating, immersive, and attention-grabbing nature of awe stimuli that is considered to be responsible for reductions in self-reflective thought. Together these findings suggest that a key feature of the experience of awe is a reduced engagement in self-referential processing, in line with the subjective self-report measures (i.e., participants perceived their self to be smaller).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel van Elk
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Brain and Cognition Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hein T van Schie
- Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Disa Sauter
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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34
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Protopapa F, Hayashi MJ, Kulashekhar S, van der Zwaag W, Battistella G, Murray MM, Kanai R, Bueti D. Chronotopic maps in human supplementary motor area. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000026. [PMID: 30897088 PMCID: PMC6428248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Time is a fundamental dimension of everyday experiences. We can unmistakably sense its passage and adjust our behavior accordingly. Despite its ubiquity, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the capacity to perceive time remains unclear. Here, in two experiments using ultrahigh-field 7-Tesla (7T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we show that in the medial premotor cortex (supplementary motor area [SMA]) of the human brain, neural units tuned to different durations are orderly mapped in contiguous portions of the cortical surface so as to form chronomaps. The response of each portion in a chronomap is enhanced by neighboring durations and suppressed by nonpreferred durations represented in distant portions of the map. These findings suggest duration-sensitive tuning as a possible neural mechanism underlying the recognition of time and demonstrate, for the first time, that the representation of an abstract feature such as time can be instantiated by a topographical arrangement of duration-sensitive neural populations. Sensing the passage of time is a common experience of our everyday life activity. Even without a watch, we can, for example, tell whether the bus we are waiting for is late. The neuronal mechanism that enables us to sense the passage of time is largely unknown. Here, we asked healthy human volunteers to discriminate between visual events of varying durations while we measured brain activity via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results show that distinct portions of the supplementary motor area (SMA)—a region of the cerebral cortex important for both motor preparation and time perception—respond preferentially to different durations. The portions of the SMA responding to similar durations are in close spatial proximity on the cortex, and their response is greater for preferred and neighboring durations and suppressed for distant ones. The spatial arrangement of duration-selective portions of the SMA could be the mechanism that enables us to efficiently sense that a certain duration has elapsed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masamichi J. Hayashi
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Spinozisme Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Battistella
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Micah M. Murray
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- The EEG Brain Mapping Core, Centre for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Ophthalmology Service, Fondation Asile des Aveugles and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ryota Kanai
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- Araya, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Domenica Bueti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Caan MWA, Bazin PL, Marques JP, de Hollander G, Dumoulin SO, van der Zwaag W. MP2RAGEME: T 1 , T 2 * , and QSM mapping in one sequence at 7 tesla. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1786-1798. [PMID: 30549128 PMCID: PMC6590660 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging generates images of meaningful physical or chemical variables measured in physical units that allow quantitative comparisons between tissue regions and among subjects scanned at the same or different sites. Here, we show that we can acquire quantitative T1, T2*, and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) information in a single acquisition, using a multi‐echo (ME) extension of the second gradient‐echo image of the MP2RAGE sequence. This combination is called MP2RAGE ME, or MP2RAGEME. The simultaneous acquisition results in large time savings, perfectly coregistered data, and minimal image quality differences compared to separately acquired data. Following a correction for residual transmit B1+‐sensitivity, quantitative T1, T2*, and QSM values were in excellent agreement with those obtained from separately acquired, also B1+‐corrected, MP2RAGE data and ME gradient echo data. The quantitative values from reference regions of interests were also in very good correspondence with literature values. From the MP2RAGEME data, we further derived a multiparametric cortical parcellation, as well as a combined arterial and venous map. In sum, our MP2RAGEME sequence has the benefit in large time savings, perfectly coregistered data and minor image quality differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthan W A Caan
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Social Brain Laboratory, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - José P Marques
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles de Hollander
- Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Schobert AK, Corradi-Dell’Acqua C, Frühholz S, van der Zwaag W, Vuilleumier P. Functional organization of face processing in the human superior temporal sulcus: a 7T high-resolution fMRI study. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 13:102-113. [PMID: 29140527 PMCID: PMC5793830 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The superior temporal sulcus (STS) is a major component of the human face perception network, implicated in processing dynamic changeable aspects of faces. However, it remains unknown whether STS holds functionally segregated subdivisions for different categories of facial movements. We used high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 7T in 16 volunteers to compare STS activation with faces displaying angry or happy expressions, eye-gaze shifts and lip-speech movements. Combining univariate and multivariate analyses, we show a systematic topological organization within STS, with gaze-related activity predominating in the most posterior and superior sector, speech-related activity in the anterior sector and emotional expressions represented in the intermediate middle STS. Right STS appeared to hold a finer functional segregation between all four types of facial movements, and best discriminative abilities within the face-selective posterior STS (pSTS). Conversely, left STS showed greater overlap between conditions, with a lack of distinction between mouth movements associated to speech or happy expression and better discriminative abilities (for gaze and speech vs emotion conditions) outside pSTS. Differential sensitivity to upper (eye) or lower (mouth) facial features may contribute to, but does not appear to fully account for, these response patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Schobert
- Department of Neurosciences and Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences
| | - Corrado Corradi-Dell’Acqua
- Department of Neurosciences and Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences
- Department of Psychology, FPSE, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sascha Frühholz
- Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- CIBM, EPFL, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Department of Neurosciences and Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences
- Correspondence should be addressed to Patrik Vuilleumier, Laboratory for Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neurosciences, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. E-mail:
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37
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Protopapa F, Hayashi M, van der Zwaag W, Battistella G, Murray M, Kanai R, Bueti D. Chronotopic maps in human premotor cortex. J Vis 2018. [DOI: 10.1167/18.10.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Giovanni Battistella
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV) University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micah Murray
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Nashville, USA.University of Lausanne, Division of Neuropsychology and Rehabilitation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ryota Kanai
- Araya, Inc., Tokyo, JapanSackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Domenica Bueti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
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38
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van der Zwaag W, Buur PF, Fracasso A, van Doesum T, Uludağ K, Versluis M, Marques JP. Examples of sub-millimeter, 7T, T 1-weighted EPI datasets acquired with the T 123DEPI sequence. Data Brief 2018; 20:415-418. [PMID: 30175207 PMCID: PMC6116420 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
These imaging data are examples of sub-millimeter resolution T1-weighted EPI (Echo Planar Imaging) acquired using the T123DEPI (T1-imaging with 2 3D-EPIs) sequence [1]; functional MRI data with matching resolution and distortion, and MP2RAGE (Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echoes) anatomical images [2], from the same subjects. Data from two protocols and subjects presented in the paper describing the sequence [1] are made available here: 0.8 mm protocol: whole brain, axial T123DEPI T1-weighted images; a 5-minute fMRI run with the same orientation and 27 mm coverage in the slice selection direction, covering the primary visual cortex. fMRI data were acquired while the volunteer viewed a flashing checkerboard stimulus; the unsmoothed GLM results of the fMRI and a 0.64 mm resolution MP2RAGE from the same subject. These data are from Experiment 3 in [1]
0.7 mm protocol: partial brain T123DEPI T1-weighted images with longer or shorter readouts; matching coronal echo planar images again acquired while viewing a flashing checkerboard stimulus and a 0.64 mm whole brain MP2RAGE from the same subject. These data are from Experiment 1 in [1]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessio Fracasso
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - José P. Marques
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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39
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Jorge J, Figueiredo P, Gruetter R, van der Zwaag W. Cover Image. Hum Brain Mapp 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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40
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Jorge J, Figueiredo P, Gruetter R, van der Zwaag W. Mapping and characterization of positive and negative BOLD responses to visual stimulation in multiple brain regions at 7T. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:2426-2441. [PMID: 29464809 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
External stimuli and tasks often elicit negative BOLD responses in various brain regions, and growing experimental evidence supports that these phenomena are functionally meaningful. In this work, the high sensitivity available at 7T was explored to map and characterize both positive (PBRs) and negative BOLD responses (NBRs) to visual checkerboard stimulation, occurring in various brain regions within and beyond the visual cortex. Recently-proposed accelerated fMRI techniques were employed for data acquisition, and procedures for exclusion of large draining vein contributions, together with ICA-assisted denoising, were included in the analysis to improve response estimation. Besides the visual cortex, significant PBRs were found in the lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus, as well as the pre-central sulcus; in these regions, response durations increased monotonically with stimulus duration, in tight covariation with the visual PBR duration. Significant NBRs were found in the visual cortex, auditory cortex, default-mode network (DMN) and superior parietal lobule; NBR durations also tended to increase with stimulus duration, but were significantly less sustained than the visual PBR, especially for the DMN and superior parietal lobule. Responses in visual and auditory cortex were further studied for checkerboard contrast dependence, and their amplitudes were found to increase monotonically with contrast, linearly correlated with the visual PBR amplitude. Overall, these findings suggest the presence of dynamic neuronal interactions across multiple brain regions, sensitive to stimulus intensity and duration, and demonstrate the richness of information obtainable when jointly mapping positive and negative BOLD responses at a whole-brain scale, with ultra-high field fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Jorge
- Institute for Systems and Robotics and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Institute for Systems and Robotics and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Spinoza Institute for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Boillat Y, Bazin PL, O'Brien K, Fartaria MJ, Bonnier G, Krueger G, van der Zwaag W, Granziera C. Surface-based characteristics of the cerebellar cortex visualized with ultra-high field MRI. Neuroimage 2018; 172:1-8. [PMID: 29339314 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although having a relatively homogeneous cytoarchitectonic organization, the cerebellar cortex is a heterogeneous region characterized by different amounts of myelin, iron and protein expression profiles. In this study, we used quantitative T1 and T2* mapping at ultra-high field (7T) MRI to investigate the tissue characteristics of the cerebellar gray matter surface and its layers. Detailed subject-specific surfaces were generated at three different cortical depths and averaged across subjects to create averaged T1- and T2*-maps on the cerebellar surface. T1 surfaces showed an alternation of lower and higher T1 values when going from the median to the lateral part of the cerebellar hemispheres. In addition, longer T1 values were observed in the more superficial gray matter layers. T2*-maps showed a similar longitudinal pattern, but no change related to the cortical depths. These patterns are possibly due to variations in the level of myelination, iron and zebrin protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Boillat
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kieran O'Brien
- Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd., Bowen Hills, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Mário João Fartaria
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (ACIT, HC CEMEA SUI DI BM PI), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Bonnier
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Gunnar Krueger
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA IM MR COL NEZ, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Granziera
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV and University of Lausanne, Netherlands
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42
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Serino A, Akselrod M, Salomon R, Martuzzi R, Blefari ML, Canzoneri E, Rognini G, van der Zwaag W, Iakova M, Luthi F, Amoresano A, Kuiken T, Blanke O. Upper limb cortical maps in amputees with targeted muscle and sensory reinnervation. Brain 2017; 140:2993-3011. [PMID: 29088353 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroprosthetics research in amputee patients aims at developing new prostheses that move and feel like real limbs. Targeted muscle and sensory reinnervation (TMSR) is such an approach and consists of rerouting motor and sensory nerves from the residual limb towards intact muscles and skin regions. Movement of the myoelectric prosthesis is enabled via decoded electromyography activity from reinnervated muscles and touch sensation on the missing limb is enabled by stimulation of the reinnervated skin areas. Here we ask whether and how motor control and redirected somatosensory stimulation provided via TMSR affected the maps of the upper limb in primary motor (M1) and primary somatosensory (S1) cortex, as well as their functional connections. To this aim, we tested three TMSR patients and investigated the extent, strength, and topographical organization of the missing limb and several control body regions in M1 and S1 at ultra high-field (7 T) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, we analysed the functional connectivity between M1 and S1 and of both these regions with fronto-parietal regions, known to be important for multisensory upper limb processing. These data were compared with those of control amputee patients (n = 6) and healthy controls (n = 12). We found that M1 maps of the amputated limb in TMSR patients were similar in terms of extent, strength, and topography to healthy controls and different from non-TMSR patients. S1 maps of TMSR patients were also more similar to normal conditions in terms of topographical organization and extent, as compared to non-targeted muscle and sensory reinnervation patients, but weaker in activation strength compared to healthy controls. Functional connectivity in TMSR patients between upper limb maps in M1 and S1 was comparable with healthy controls, while being reduced in non-TMSR patients. However, connectivity was reduced between S1 and fronto-parietal regions, in both the TMSR and non-TMSR patients with respect to healthy controls. This was associated with the absence of a well-established multisensory effect (visual enhancement of touch) in TMSR patients. Collectively, these results show how M1 and S1 process signals related to movement and touch are enabled by targeted muscle and sensory reinnervation. Moreover, they suggest that TMSR may counteract maladaptive cortical plasticity typically found after limb loss, in M1, partially in S1, and in their mutual connectivity. The lack of multisensory interaction in the present data suggests that further engineering advances are necessary (e.g. the integration of somatosensory feedback into current prostheses) to enable prostheses that move and feel as real limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Serino
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Michel Akselrod
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Roy Salomon
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Roberto Martuzzi
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Laura Blefari
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Canzoneri
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Rognini
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Iakova
- Département de l'appareil locomoteur, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation SUVA Care, Sion, Switzerland
| | - François Luthi
- Département de l'appareil locomoteur, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation SUVA Care, Sion, Switzerland
| | | | - Todd Kuiken
- Center for Bionic Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olaf Blanke
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), chemin des mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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43
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van der Zwaag W, Reynaud O, Narsude M, Gallichan D, Marques JP. High spatio-temporal resolution in functional MRI with 3D echo planar imaging using cylindrical excitation and a CAIPIRINHA undersampling pattern. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2589-2596. [PMID: 28905414 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The combination of 3D echo planar imaging (3D-EPI) with a 2D-CAIPIRINHA undersampling scheme provides high flexibility in the optimization for spatial or temporal resolution. This flexibility can be increased further with the addition of a cylindrical excitation pulse, which exclusively excites the brain regions of interest. Here, 3D-EPI was combined with a 2D radiofrequency pulse to reduce the brain area from which signal is generated, and hence, allowing either reduction of the field of view or reduction of parallel imaging noise amplification. METHODS 3D-EPI with cylindrical excitation and 4 × 3-fold undersampling in a 2D-CAIPIRINHA sampling scheme was used to generate functional MRI (fMRI) data with either 2-mm or 0.9-mm in-plane resolution and 1.1-s temporal resolution over a 5-cm diameter cylinder placed over both temporal lobes for an auditory fMRI experiment. RESULTS Significant increases in image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and temporal SNR (tSNR) were found for both 2-mm isotropic data and the high-resolution protocol when using the cylindrical excitation pulse. Both protocols yielded highly significant blood oxygenation level-dependent responses for the presentation of natural sounds. CONCLUSION The higher tSNR of the cylindrical excitation 3D-EPI data makes this sequence an ideal choice for high spatiotemporal resolution fMRI acquisitions. Magn Reson Med 79:2589-2596, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Daniel Gallichan
- Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - José P Marques
- Donders Institute for Brain Behaviour and Cognition, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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44
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Reynaud O, Jorge J, Gruetter R, Marques JP, van der Zwaag W. Influence of physiological noise on accelerated 2D and 3D resting state functional MRI data at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2017; 78:888-896. [PMID: 28686788 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physiological noise often dominates the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal fluctuations in high-field functional MRI (fMRI) data. Therefore, to optimize fMRI protocols, it becomes crucial to investigate how physiological signal fluctuations impact various acquisition and reconstruction schemes at different acquisition speeds. In particular, further differences can arise between 2D and 3D fMRI acquisitions due to different encoding strategies, thereby impacting fMRI sensitivity in potentially significant ways. METHODS The amount of physiological noise to be removed from the BOLD fMRI signal acquired at 7 T was quantified for different sampling rates (repetition time from 3300 to 350 ms, acceleration 1 to 8) and techniques dedicated to fast fMRI (simultaneous multislice echo planar imaging [EPI] and 3D EPI). Resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) performances were evaluated using temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) and network characterization based on seed correlation and independent component analysis. RESULTS Overall, acceleration enhanced tSNR and rsfMRI metrics. 3D EPI benefited the most from physiological noise removal at long repetition times. Differences between 2D and 3D encoding strategies disappeared at high acceleration factors (6- to 8-fold). CONCLUSION After physiological noise correction, 2D- and 3D-accelerated sequences provide similar performances at high fields, both in terms of tSNR and resting state network identification and characterization. Magn Reson Med 78:888-896, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Reynaud
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - João Jorge
- Laboratoire for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratoire for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - José P Marques
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Donders Institute for Brain Behaviour and Cognition, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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45
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de Hollander G, Keuken MC, van der Zwaag W, Forstmann BU, Trampel R. Comparing functional MRI protocols for small, iron-rich basal ganglia nuclei such as the subthalamic nucleus at 7 T and 3 T. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3226-3248. [PMID: 28345164 PMCID: PMC6867009 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG) form a network of subcortical nuclei. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the BG could provide insight in its functioning and the underlying mechanisms of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). However, fMRI of the BG with high specificity is challenging, because the nuclei are small and variable in their anatomical location. High resolution fMRI at field strengths of 7 Tesla (T) could help resolve these challenges to some extent. A set of MR protocols was developed for functional imaging of the BG nuclei at 3 T and 7 T. The protocols were validated using a stop-signal reaction task (Logan et al. []: J Exp Psychol: Human Percept Perform 10:276-291). Compared with sub-millimeter 7 T fMRI protocols aimed at cortex, a reduction of echo time and spatial resolution was strictly necessary to obtain robust Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) sensitivity in the BG. An fMRI protocol at 3 T with identical resolution to the 7 T showed no robust BOLD sensitivity in any of the BG nuclei. The results suggest that the subthalamic nucleus, as well as the substantia nigra, red nucleus, and the internal and external parts of the globus pallidus show increased activation in failed stop trials compared with successful stop and go trials. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3226-3248, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles de Hollander
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Max C. Keuken
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Birte U. Forstmann
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychologyUniversiteit LeidenLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Trampel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
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van der Zwaag W, Schäfer A, Marques JP, Turner R, Trampel R. Recent applications of UHF-MRI in the study of human brain function and structure: a review. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:1274-1288. [PMID: 25762497 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The increased availability of ultra-high-field (UHF) MRI has led to its application in a wide range of neuroimaging studies, which are showing promise in transforming fundamental approaches to human neuroscience. This review presents recent work on structural and functional brain imaging, at 7 T and higher field strengths. After a short outline of the effects of high field strength on MR images, the rapidly expanding literature on UHF applications of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent-based functional MRI is reviewed. Structural imaging is then discussed, divided into sections on imaging weighted by relaxation time, including quantitative relaxation time mapping, phase imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping, angiography, diffusion-weighted imaging, and finally magnetization-transfer imaging. The final section discusses studies using the high spatial resolution available at UHF to identify explicit links between structure and function. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wietske van der Zwaag
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schäfer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - José P Marques
- Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Turner
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Spinoza Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- SPMMRC, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Robert Trampel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Thunell E, van der Zwaag W, Ögmen H, Plomp G, Herzog MH. Retinotopic encoding of the Ternus-Pikler display reflected in the early visual areas. J Vis 2016; 16:26. [PMID: 26894510 PMCID: PMC4777237 DOI: 10.1167/16.3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual representation of the world is often assumed to be retinotopic, and many visual brain areas are indeed organized retinotopically. Visual perception, however, is not based on a reference frame anchored in retinotopic coordinates. For example, when an object moves, motion of its constituent parts is perceived relative to the object rather than in retinotopic coordinates. The moving object thus serves as a nonretinotopic reference system for computing the properties of its parts. It is largely unknown how the brain accomplishes this feat. Here, we used the Ternus-Pikler display to pit retinotopic processing in a stationary reference system against nonretinotopic processing in a moving one. Using 7T fMRI, we found that the average blood-oxygen-level dependent activations in V1, V2, and V3 reflected the retinotopic properties, but not the nonretinotopic percepts, of the Ternus-Pikler display. In the human motion processing complex (hMT+), activations were compatible with both retinotopic and nonretinotopic encoding. Thus, hMT+ may be the first visual area encoding the nonretinotopic percepts of the Ternus-Pikler display.
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Frühholz S, van der Zwaag W, Saenz M, Belin P, Schobert AK, Vuilleumier P, Grandjean D. Neural decoding of discriminative auditory object features depends on their socio-affective valence. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2016; 11:1638-49. [PMID: 27217117 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human voices consist of specific patterns of acoustic features that are considerably enhanced during affective vocalizations. These acoustic features are presumably used by listeners to accurately discriminate between acoustically or emotionally similar vocalizations. Here we used high-field 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging in human listeners together with a so-called experimental 'feature elimination approach' to investigate neural decoding of three important voice features of two affective valence categories (i.e. aggressive and joyful vocalizations). We found a valence-dependent sensitivity to vocal pitch (f0) dynamics and to spectral high-frequency cues already at the level of the auditory thalamus. Furthermore, pitch dynamics and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) showed overlapping, but again valence-dependent sensitivity in tonotopic cortical fields during the neural decoding of aggressive and joyful vocalizations, respectively. For joyful vocalizations we also revealed sensitivity in the inferior frontal cortex (IFC) to the HNR and pitch dynamics. The data thus indicate that several auditory regions were sensitive to multiple, rather than single, discriminative voice features. Furthermore, some regions partly showed a valence-dependent hypersensitivity to certain features, such as pitch dynamic sensitivity in core auditory regions and in the IFC for aggressive vocalizations, and sensitivity to high-frequency cues in auditory belt and parabelt regions for joyful vocalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Frühholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Saenz
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Belin
- Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Anne-Kathrin Schobert
- Laboratory for Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neurology and Department Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Laboratory for Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neurology and Department Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
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Grouiller F, Jorge J, Pittau F, van der Zwaag W, Iannotti GR, Michel CM, Vulliémoz S, Vargas MI, Lazeyras F. Presurgical brain mapping in epilepsy using simultaneous EEG and functional MRI at ultra-high field: feasibility and first results. MAGMA 2016; 29:605-16. [PMID: 26946508 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-016-0536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to demonstrate that eloquent cortex and epileptic-related hemodynamic changes can be safely and reliably detected using simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recordings at ultra-high field (UHF) for clinical evaluation of patients with epilepsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Simultaneous EEG-fMRI was acquired at 7 T using an optimized setup in nine patients with lesional epilepsy. According to the localization of the lesion, mapping of eloquent cortex (language and motor) was also performed in two patients. RESULTS Despite strong artifacts, efficient correction of intra-MRI EEG could be achieved with optimized artifact removal algorithms, allowing robust identification of interictal epileptiform discharges. Noise-sensitive topography-related analyses and electrical source localization were also performed successfully. Localization of epilepsy-related hemodynamic changes compatible with the lesion were detected in three patients and concordant with findings obtained at 3 T. Local loss of signal in specific regions, essentially due to B 1 inhomogeneities were found to depend on the geometric arrangement of EEG leads over the cap. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that presurgical mapping of epileptic networks and eloquent cortex is both safe and feasible at UHF, with the benefits of greater spatial resolution and higher blood-oxygenation-level-dependent sensitivity compared with the more traditional field strength of 3 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Grouiller
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - João Jorge
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francesca Pittau
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giannina Rita Iannotti
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Martin Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Vulliémoz
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Isabel Vargas
- Division of Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
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50
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van der Zwaag W, Gruetter R, Martuzzi R. Stroking or Buzzing? A Comparison of Somatosensory Touch Stimuli Using 7 Tesla fMRI. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134610. [PMID: 26285027 PMCID: PMC4540472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying body representations in the brain helps us to understand how we humans relate to our own bodies. The in vivo mapping of the somatosensory cortex, where these representations are found, is greatly facilitated by the high spatial resolution and high sensitivity to brain activation available at ultra-high field. In this study, the use of different stimulus types for somatotopic mapping of the digits at ultra-high field, specifically manual stroking and mechanical stimulation, was compared in terms of sensitivity and specificity of the brain responses. Larger positive responses in digit regions of interest were found for manual stroking than for mechanical stimulation, both in terms of average and maximum t-value and in terms of number of voxels with significant responses to the tactile stimulation. Responses to manual stroking were higher throughout the entire post-central sulcus, but the difference was especially large on its posterior wall, i.e. in Brodmann area 2. During mechanical stimulation, cross-digit responses were more negative than during manual stroking, possibly caused by a faster habituation to the stimulus. These differences indicate that manual stroking is a highly suitable stimulus for fast somatotopic mapping procedures, especially if Brodmann area 2 is of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wietske van der Zwaag
- Centre d’Imagerie Biomédicale (CIBM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Centre d’Imagerie Biomédicale (CIBM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Martuzzi
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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