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Farag MA, Al-Mahdy DA, Salah El Dine R, Fahmy S, Yassin A, Porzel A, Brandt W. Structure-Activity Relationships of Antimicrobial Gallic Acid Derivatives from Pomegranate and Acacia Fruit Extracts against Potato Bacterial Wilt Pathogen. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:955-62. [PMID: 26080741 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilts of potato, tomato, pepper, and or eggplant caused by Ralstonia solanacearum are among the most serious plant diseases worldwide. In this study, the issue of developing bactericidal agents from natural sources against R. solanacearum derived from plant extracts was addressed. Extracts prepared from 25 plant species with antiseptic relevance in Egyptian folk medicine were screened for their antimicrobial properties against the potato pathogen R. solancearum by using the disc-zone inhibition assay and microtitre plate dilution method. Plants exhibiting notable antimicrobial activities against the tested pathogen include extracts from Acacia arabica and Punica granatum. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of A. arabica and P. granatum resulted in the isolation of bioactive compounds 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid and gallic acid, in addition to epicatechin. All isolates displayed significant antimicrobial activities against R. solanacearum (MIC values 0.5-9 mg/ml), with 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid being the most effective one with a MIC value of 0.47 mg/ml. We further performed a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study for the inhibition of R. solanacearum growth by ten natural, structurally related benzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt (phone: +20-2-23632245; fax: +20-2-25320005). , .,Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Dept. Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, DE-06120 Halle (Saale). ,
| | - Dalia A Al-Mahdy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt (phone: +20-2-23632245; fax: +20-2-25320005)
| | - Riham Salah El Dine
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt (phone: +20-2-23632245; fax: +20-2-25320005)
| | - Sherifa Fahmy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt (phone: +20-2-23632245; fax: +20-2-25320005)
| | - Aymen Yassin
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrea Porzel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Dept. Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, DE-06120 Halle (Saale)
| | - Wolfgang Brandt
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., P. B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt (phone: +20-2-23632245; fax: +20-2-25320005)
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Lacivita E, De Giorgio P, Colabufo NA, Berardi F, Perrone R, Niso M, Leopoldo M. Design, synthesis, lipophilic properties, and binding affinities of potential ligands in positron emission tomography (PET) for visualization of brain dopamine D4 receptors. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:299-310. [PMID: 24591318 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of compounds structurally related to the high-affinity dopamine D4 receptor ligand N-{2-[4-(3-cyanopyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-3-methoxybenzamide (1e). All compounds were specifically designed as potential PET radioligands for brain D4 receptor visualization, having lipophilicity within a range for brain uptake and weak non-specific binding (0.75<cLogP<3.15) and bearing a substituent for easy access to labeling with the positron emitter isotope (11) C or (18) F. The best compound of the series, N-{2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-6-fluoropyridine-3-carboxamide (7a), displayed excellent selectivity over D2 and D3 receptors (>100-fold), but its D4 receptor affinity was suboptimal for imaging of brain D4 receptors (Ki =30 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, IT-70125, Bari, (phone +39 080 544 2798; fax +39 080 544 2231)
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