Oluwasanmi A, Lindsay S, Curtis A, Perrie Y, Hoskins C. Chain length impact on the retro Diels-Alder mediated release of gemcitabine from hybrid nanoparticles towards pancreatic cancer therapy.
Int J Pharm 2023;
644:123304. [PMID:
37572860 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123304]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Previously reported gold coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Au-IONP's) have demonstrated their effectiveness as drug delivery vehicles for gemcitabine conjugated to a thermally labile Diels-Alder linker containing a chain of 4 carbon atoms (TTLD4) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Heat generated via laser irradiation of Au-IONPs facilitated retro Diels-Alder mediated release in a burst release profile where approximately half of all total release over 180 min occurred within the first 5 min. Two analogues of TTLD4, which differ only in linker chain length (TTLD3 & TTLD6) were synthesised and conjugated to Au-IONP's. Heat-mediated release of gemcitabine at 45 °C over 180 min from these formulations was confirmed to be based on linker length, which was 94%, 76% and 45% for TTLD3, TTLD4 and TTLD6, respectively. Drug loading of the Diels-Alder linkers in a 5:1 Drug/Au-IONP w/w ratio appears to favour those containing an even number of carbons TTLD4 (76%) & TTLD6 (57%) over TTLD3 (25%), possibly due to the linker likely being positioned perpendicular to the Au-IONP surface because of the 120 °C-C bond.
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