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Qian Z, Guo Y, Luo M, Yang L, Liu S, Qin P, Yuan B, Liu F, Hao R. Unveiling the activity difference cause and ring-opening reaction routes of typical radicals induced degradation of toluene. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134273. [PMID: 38653137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study employs five UV-AOPs (PMS, PDS, H2O2, NaClO and NaClO2) to produce radicals (•OH, SO4•-, ClO•, O2•- and 1O2) and further comparatively studies their activity sequence and activity difference cause in toluene degradation. The toluene mineralization efficiency as a descending order is 73 % (UV-PMS) > 71 % (UV-PDS) > 70 % (acidified-UV-NaClO) > 55 % (UV-H2O2) > 36 % (UV-NaClO) > 35 % (UV-NaClO2); that of conversion efficiency is 99 % (acidified-UV-NaClO) > 95 % (UV-PMS) > 90 % (UV-PDS) > 74 % (UV-H2O2) > 44 % (UV-NaClO) > 41 % (UV-NaClO2). Acidic pretreatment significantly boosts the reactivity of UV-NaClO. ESR combined with radical quenching tests reveals the radicals' generation and evolution, and their contribution rates to toluene conversion, i.e. ClO• > SO4•- > O2•- > 1O2 > •OH. Theoretical calculations further unveil the ring-opening reaction routes and the nature of the activity difference of different radicals. The minimum energy required for ring-opening reaction is 116.77, 150.63, 168.29 and 191.92 kJ/mol with respect to ClO•, SO4•-, 1O2 and •OH, and finding that the ClO•-HO• pair is the best for toluene mineralization. The difficulty for eliminating typical VOCs by using UV-AOPs method is determined as toluene > chlorobenzene > benzene > ethyl acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qian
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yongxue Guo
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Mengchao Luo
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Siqi Liu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Peng Qin
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Runlong Hao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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Kim WK, Verma S, Ahmadi Y, Cho MS, Kim KH. The effects of metal-oxide content in MnO 2-activated carbon composites on reactive adsorption and catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde and toluene in air. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172137. [PMID: 38569947 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The deterioration in air quality caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become an important environmental issue. Here, activated carbon (AC) composites with manganese oxide (MnO2: 1 % to 50 %) are synthesized as MAC for the removal of formaldehyde (FA) and toluene in air through a combination of reactive adsorption and catalytic oxidation (RACO) at room temperature (RT). The best-performing composite (MAC-20: 20 % of MnO2) exhibits a 10 % breakthrough volume (BTV10%) of FA and toluene at 41.2 and 377 L g-1, respectively while realizing complete oxidation of FA and toluene into carbon dioxide (CO2) at 100 °C and 275 °C, respectively. The reaction kinetic rates (r) for 10 % removal efficiency of FA and toluene (XFA or T) at RT are estimated as 9.82E-02 and 3.20E-02 mmol g-1 h-1, respectively. The high performance of MAC-20 can be attributed to its enriched adsorption capacity of oxygen vacancy (OV) and the presence of adsorbed oxygen (OA), as shown by an Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio of 0.729 and an OA/lattice‑oxygen (OL) ratio of 1.50. The results of this study highlight the interactive roles of oxygen abundance and temperature in the generation of distinctive oxidation patterns for FA in reference to toluene. This study is expected to offer practical guidance for the implementation of RACO against diverse VOCs for efficient management of air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ki Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Swati Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Younes Ahmadi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeon-Seong Cho
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Dong H, Ji Y, Shao Q, Hu X, Zhang J, Yao X, Long C. Spatial interfacial heterojunctions of TiO 2 for photocatalytic degradation of toluene: Effects of interface amorphous region and oxygen vacancy. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171521. [PMID: 38458445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of TiO2 is contingent upon its crystal structure and the optoelectronic properties associated with defects. In this study, a one-step method was used to synthesize TiO2 with a spatial interface of rutile/anatase phases, and a simple thermal annealing process was applied to optimize the amorphous regions and oxygen vacancies at the interface between the rutile and anatase phases of TiO2. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) elucidates the evolution process of the amorphous domain at the interface, skillfully introducing oxygen vacancies at the heterojunction interface by modulating the amorphous domain. The obtained photocatalyst (TiO2-350 °C) after annealing exhibits an optimal interface structure, with its photocatalytic activity and stability in degrading toluene far superior to P25. Photocurrent and photoluminescence (PL) measurements affirm that the existence of interfacial oxygen vacancies heightens the efficiency of electron transfer at the interface, while surface oxygen vacancies significantly enhance the stability and mineralization rate of toluene degradation. The improved photocatalytic properties were attributed to the combined effects of surface/interface oxygen vacancies and spatial interface heterojunctions. The one-step synthesis method developed in this work provides a novel perspective on combining spatially interfaced anatase/rutile phases with surface/interfacial oxygen vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yekun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environmental Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu Open University, 832 Yingtian Street, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Chao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environmental Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, Quanzhou 362000, China.
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Resitano M, Tucci M, Mezzi A, Kaciulis S, Matturro B, D'Ugo E, Bertuccini L, Fazi S, Rossetti S, Aulenta F, Cruz Viggi C. Anaerobic treatment of groundwater co-contaminated by toluene and copper in a single chamber bioelectrochemical system. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108711. [PMID: 38626620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the simultaneous removal of multiple coexisting groundwater contaminants poses a significant challenge, primarily because of their different physicochemical properties. Indeed, different chemical compounds may necessitate establishing distinct, and sometimes conflicting, (bio)degradation and/or removal pathways. In this work, we investigated the concomitant anaerobic treatment of toluene and copper in a single-chamber bioelectrochemical cell with a potential difference of 1 V applied between the anode and the cathode. As a result, the electric current generated by the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of toluene at the anode caused the abiotic reduction and precipitation of copper at the cathode, until the complete removal of both contaminants was achieved. Open circuit potential (OCP) experiments confirmed that the removal of copper and toluene was primarily associated with polarization. Analogously, abiotic experiments, at an applied potential of 1 V, confirmed that neither toluene was oxidized nor copper was reduced in the absence of microbial activity. At the end of each experiment, both electrodes were characterized by means of a comprehensive suite of chemical and microbiological analyses, evidencing a highly selected microbial community competent in the biodegradation of toluene in the anodic biofilm, and a uniform electrodeposition of spherical Cu2O nanoparticles over the cathode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Resitano
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Matteo Tucci
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Saulius Kaciulis
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Bruna Matturro
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Emilio D'Ugo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy
| | - Federico Aulenta
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Carolina Cruz Viggi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), 00010 Montelibretti, (RM), Italy.
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Heck JE, He D, Wing SE, Ritz B, Carey CD, Yang J, Stram DO, Le Marchand L, Park SL, Cheng I, Wu AH. Exposure to outdoor ambient air toxics and risk of breast cancer: The multiethnic cohort. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 259:114362. [PMID: 38574449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing literature has reported associations between traffic-related air pollution and breast cancer, however there are fewer investigations into specific ambient agents and any putative risk of breast cancer development, particularly studies occurring in populations residing in higher pollution areas such as Los Angeles. OBJECTIVES To estimate breast cancer risks related to ambient air toxics exposure at residential addresses. METHODS We examined the relationships between ambient air toxics and breast cancer risk in the Multiethnic Cohort among 48,665 California female participants followed for cancer from 2003 through 2013. We obtained exposure data on chemicals acting as endocrine disruptors or mammary gland carcinogens from the National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate breast cancer risk per one interquartile range (IQR) increase in air toxics exposure lagged by 5-years. Stratified analyses were conducted by race, ethnicity, and hormone receptor types. RESULTS Among all women, increased risks of invasive breast cancer were observed with toxicants related to industries [1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.22, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.18-5.60), ethylene dichloride (HR = 2.81, 95% CI 2.20-3.59), and vinyl chloride (HR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.81, 2.85); these 3 agents were correlated (r2 = 0.45-0.77)]. Agents related to gasoline production or combustion were related to increased breast cancer risk [benzene (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.24, 1.41), ethylbenzene (HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.13-1.28), toluene (HR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.20-1.38), naphthalene (HR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-2.22), acrolein (HR = 2.26, 95% CI 1.92, 2.65)]. Higher hazard ratios were observed in African Americans and Whites compared to other racial and ethnic groups (p-heterogeneity <0.05 for traffic-related air toxics, acrolein, and vinyl acetate). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that specific toxic air pollutants may be associated with increase breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA; Center for Racial and Ethnic Equity in Health and Society, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Di He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sam E Wing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chandra D Carey
- College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA; Center for Racial and Ethnic Equity in Health and Society, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Section, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Sungshim Lani Park
- Epidemiology Section, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kalita A, Talukdar AK. Streamlined synthesis of iron and cobalt loaded MCM-48: High-performance heterogeneous catalysts for selective liquid-phase oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27296. [PMID: 38510017 PMCID: PMC10950511 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrothermal synthesis of MCM-48 molecular sieves featuring the incorporation of both iron and cobalt with Si/M ratios of 20, 40 and 80 (where M represents either iron or cobalt) was performed using tetraethyl orthosilicate as the silica source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a template. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the synthesized materials, these were thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including XRD, XPS, UV-Vis (DRS), FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, SEM with EDX, TEM, TGA and NH3-TPD analysis. XRD analysis revealed the presence of well-ordered MCM-48 structure in the metal-incorporated materials, while XPS and UV-Vis DRS confirmed the successful partial incorporation of metal ions precisely in their desired tetrahedral coordination within the framework. To assess their catalytic performance, we studied the activity and selectivity of these catalysts in liquid phase oxidation of toluene using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant. Under optimized conditions, employing a 6% (w/w) Fe-MCM-48 (40) catalyst and maintaining a toluene to oxidant molar ratio of 1:3 at 353 K in a solvent-free environment for 8 h, the oxidation reaction resulted in the formation of benzaldehyde (88.1%) as the major product and benzyl alcohol (11.9%) as the minor product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Anup Kumar Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
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Li Y, Chen B, Liu L, Zhu B, Zhang D. Water-Resistance-Based S-Scheme Heterojunction for Deep Mineralization of Toluene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319432. [PMID: 38233346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Deep mineralization of low concentration toluene (C7 H8 ) is one of the most significant but challenging reactions in photocatalysis. It is generally assumed that hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) as the main reactive species contribute to the enhanced photoactivity, however, it remains ambiguous at this stage. Herein, a S-scheme ZnSn(OH)6 -based heterojunction with AlOOH as water resistant surface layer is in situ designed for tuning the free radical species and achieving deep mineralization of C7 H8 . By employing a combination of in situ DRIFTS and materials characterization techniques, we discover that the dominant intermediates such as benzaldehyde and benzoic acid instead of toxic phenols are formed under the action of holes (h+ ) and superoxide radicals (⋅O2 - ). These dominant intermediates turn out to greatly decrease the ring-opening reaction barrier. This study offers new possibilities for rationally tailoring the active species and thus directionally producing dominant intermediates via designing water resistant surface layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Li
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, P. R. China
| | - Bangfu Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, P. R. China
| | - Bicheng Zhu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, P. R. China
| | - Dieqing Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
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Shin H, Vikrant K, Kim KH, Heynderickx PM, Boukhvalov DW. Thermocatalytic oxidation of a binary mixture of formaldehyde and toluene at ambient levels by a titanium dioxide supported platinum catalyst. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:169612. [PMID: 38154644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The thermocatalytic oxidative potential of various supported noble metal catalysts (SNMCs) is well-known for hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g., formaldehyde (FA) and toluene. However, little is known about SNMC performance against ambient VOC pollution with low concentration (subppm levels) relative to industrial effuluents with high concentrations (several hundred ppm). Here, the thermocatalytic oxidation performance of a titanium dioxide (TiO2)-supported platinum catalyst (Pt/TiO2) has been evaluated for a low-concentration binary mixture of FA and toluene at low temperatures and in the dark. A sample of TiO2 containing 1 wt% Pt with thermal reduction pre-treatment under hydrogen achieved 100 % conversion of FA (500 ppb) and toluene (100 ppb) at 130 °C and a gas hourly velocity of 59,701 h-1. Its catalytic activity was lowered by either a decrease in catalyst mass or an increase in VOC concentration, relative humidity, or flow rate. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, density functional theory simulations, and molecular oxygen (O2) temperature-programmed desorption experiments were used to identify possible VOC oxidation pathways, reaction mechanisms, and associated surface phenomena. The present work is expected to offer insights into the utility of metal oxide-supported Pt catalysts for the low-temperature oxidative removal of gaseous VOCs in the dark, primarily for indoor air quality management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Shin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Philippe M Heynderickx
- Center for Environmental and Energy Research, Engineering of Materials via Catalysis and Characterization, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5 Songdo Munhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Danil W Boukhvalov
- College of Science, Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
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9
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Badakhshian SM, Mehmandoust B, Toghraie D, Emami S, Hashemian M. A molecular dynamics simulation of the effect of the toluene catalytic ratios and initial temperature on the catalytic combustion of air/methane inside a microchannel. J Mol Model 2024; 30:89. [PMID: 38421450 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
METHODS This research studied the effect of initial temperature (300-400K), and atomic percentage of toluene catalyst (1-10%) on the atomic and thermal performance of air/methane catalytic combustion. The present study was performed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. CONTEXT The results demonstrate that by increasing the initial temperature from 300 to 400 K, the maximum velocity and temperature increased from 0.52 Å/ps and 585 K to 0.72 Å/ ps and 629 K, respectively. Moreover, the heat flux, thermal conductivity, and combustion efficiency increased from 2020 W/m2, 1.45 W/mK, and 93% to 2208 W/m2, 1.55 W/mK, and 97% by increasing initial temperature to 400 K. On the other hand, by increasing the atomic percentage of toluene catalyst from 1% to 4%, the maximum velocity and temperature increased from 0.41Å/ps and 546 K to 0.49 Å/ ps and 573 K, respectively. Thermal conductivity and combustion efficiency increased from 1.451.22 W/mK and 77% to 1.33 W/mK and 89%. With further increasing of the catalyst to 10%, the thermal performance of sample declined. This decrease could be attributed to the agglomeration process, where an excessive amount of catalyst may lead to agglomeration, negatively affecting the structure's catalytic activity and overall thermal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Masoud Badakhshian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
| | - Babak Mehmandoust
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
| | - Davood Toghraie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran.
| | - Sobhan Emami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
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Khoshakhlagh AH, Yazdanirad S, Ducatman A. Climatic conditions and concentrations of BTEX compounds in atmospheric media. Environ Res 2024; 251:118553. [PMID: 38428562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Climatic and meteorological conditions are among the factors affecting the ambient concentrations of BTEX compounds. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to interrogate the seasonal effect of climatic conditions on the concentrations of BTEX compounds. Three electronic bibliographic databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to November 14, 2023. The search algorithm followed PRISMA guidance and consisted of three groupings of keywords and their possible combinations. For various climatic conditions, the overall mean and 95% confidence interval (CI) of effect size related to BTEX concentrations were calculated using a random-effect model. In total, 104 articles were included for evaluation in this review. BTEX ambient concentration was higher in winter (ranging from 36 out of 79 relevant studies for xylene to 52 out of 97 relevant studies for benzene) followed by summer and autumn. For humidity conditions, the highest exposure values for BTEX were detected for rainy weather (ranging from 3 out of 5 relevant studies for toluene and xylene to 4 out of 5 relevant studies for benzene and ethyl benzene) compared to dry conditions. The pooled concentration (μg/m3) of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene were computed as 2.61, 7.12, 2.21, and 3.61 in spring, 2.13, 7.53, 1.61, and 2.75 in summer, 3.04, 9.59, 3.14, and 5.50 in autumn, and 3.56, 8.71, 2.35, and 3.91 in winter, respectively. Moreover, the pooled concentrations (μg/m3) of BTEX were measured as 2.98, 7.22, 1.90, and 3.03 in dry weather and 3.15, 6.30, 2.14, and 3.86 in rainy or wet weather, respectively. In most seasons, the ambient concentrations of BTEX were higher in countries with low and middle incomes and in Middle Eastern countries and East/Southeast Asia compared to those in other regions (P < 0.001). The increasing concentrations of BTEX in winter and autumn followed by the summer season and during rainy/wet weather appear to be reasonably consistent despite variations in study methods, quality, or geography. Therefore, it is recommended that more serious control measures are considered for decreasing exposure to BTEX in these climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Saeid Yazdanirad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Alan Ducatman
- School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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11
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Ye Q, Yao M, Wang W, Li Z, Li C, Wang S, Xiao H, Zhao Y. Multiphase interactions between sulfur dioxide and secondary organic aerosol from the photooxidation of toluene: Reactivity and sulfate formation. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168736. [PMID: 37996034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the interactions between sulfur dioxide (SO2) and organic peroxides (POs) in aerosol and clouds play an important role in atmospheric sulfate formation and aerosol aging, yet the reactivity of POs arising from anthropogenic precursors toward SO2 remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the multiphase reactions of SO2 with secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from the photooxidation of toluene, a major type of anthropogenic SOA in the atmosphere. The reactive uptake coefficient of SO2 on toluene SOA was determined to be on the order of 10-4, depending strikingly on aerosol water content. POs contribute significantly to the multiphase reactivity of toluene SOA, but they can only explain a portion of the measured SO2 uptake, suggesting the presence of other reactive species in SOA that also contribute to the particle reactivity toward SO2. The second-order reaction rate constant (kII) between S(IV) and toluene-derived POs was estimated to be in the range of the kII values previously reported for commercially available POs (e.g., 2-butanone peroxide and 2-tert-butyl hydroperoxide) and the smallest (C1-C2) and biogenic POs. In addition, unlike commercial POs that can efficiently convert S(IV) into both inorganic sulfate and organosulfates, toluene-derived POs appear to mainly oxidize S(IV) to inorganic sulfate. Our study reveals the multiphase reactivity of typical anthropogenic SOA and POs toward SO2 and will help to develop a better understanding of the formation and evolution of atmospheric secondary aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyue Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shunyao Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huayun Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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12
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Qin Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wu H. Effect of commutation on pressure drop and microbial diversity in a horizontal biotrickling filter for toluene removal. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:109. [PMID: 38369664 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
A horizontal biotrickling filter (HBTF) was designed to understand the toluene removal process and microbial community structures. The start-up time of the HBTF, immobilized by the dominant fungi was only about 6 days and the toluene removal efficiency was found to be more than 95% when the inlet toluene concentration remained at around 1560.0 mg/m3. In the stable operation stage of the HBTF, based on not greatly reducing the removal efficiency, a simple and convenient periodic commutation was adopted to reduce the pressure drop (△P) and regulate the distribution of microorganisms in the packing area of the HBTF. The △P decreased from about 90 Pa to 10 Pa after the commutation, which indicated its feasibility. The performance of the HBTF was improved by changing the inlet direction of waste gas flow. When the inlet concentration of toluene was about 640 mg/m3, the removal efficiency was nearly 70.0% before commutation and it remained 95.0-98.0% after commutation. Microbial abundance and diversity analysis showed that the corresponding Shannon-Weiner index was 2.73 and 1.84, respectively. The front section of the HBTF, which was exposed to toluene earlier, consistently exhibited higher microbial diversity than that in the back section. Following commutation, microbial diversity decreased in both the front and back sections, with a maximum decline of around 50%. The main fungi treating toluene were Aplanochytrium, Boletellus, and Exophiala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Beijing Fairyland Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Academy of Agricultural Planning & Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Environmental Monitoring Centre Baotou Sub-Station, Baotou, 014000, China
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13
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Xie S, Friesen MC, Baris D, Schwenn M, Rothman N, Johnson A, Karagas MR, Silverman DT, Koutros S. Occupational exposure to organic solvents and risk of bladder cancer. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00651-4. [PMID: 38365975 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer has been linked to several occupations that involve the use of solvents, including those used in the dry-cleaning industry. OBJECTIVES We evaluated exposure to solvents and risk of bladder cancer in 1182 incident cases and 1408 controls from a population-based study. METHODS Exposure to solvents was quantitatively assessed using a job-exposure matrix (CANJEM). Exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene often co-occur. Therefore, we created two additional sets of metrics for combined benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) exposure: (1) CANJEM-based BTX metrics and (2) hybrid BTX metrics, using an approach that integrates the CANJEM-based BTX metrics together with lifetime occupational histories and exposure-oriented modules that captured within-job, respondent-specific details about tasks and chemicals. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS Bladder cancer risks were increased among those ever exposed to benzene (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14-2.32), toluene (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06-2.43), and xylene (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13-2.48) individually. We further observed a statistically significant exposure-response relationship for cumulative BTX exposure, with a stronger association using the hybrid BTX metrics (ORQ1vsUnexposed = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.83-1.90; ORQ2vsUnexposed = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.00-2.31; ORQ3vsUnexposed = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.24-2.85; and ORQ4vsUnexposed = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.35-3.69) (p-trend=0.001) than using CANJEM-based metrics (p-trend=0.02). IMPACT There is limited evidence about the role of exposure to specific organic solvents, alone or in combination on the risk of developing bladder cancer. In this study, workers with increasing exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene as a group (BTX) had a statistically significant exposure-response relationship with bladder cancer. Future evaluation of the carcinogenicity of BTX and other organic solvents, particularly concurrent exposure, on bladder cancer development is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xie
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa C Friesen
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dalsu Baris
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alison Johnson
- Formerly Vermont Department of Health, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stella Koutros
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Ghalandari V, Smith H, Scannell A, Reza T. E-waste plastic liquefaction using supercritical Toluene: Evaluation of reaction parameters on liquid products. Waste Manag 2024; 174:126-139. [PMID: 38041981 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Solvothermal liquefaction (STL) is a thermochemical conversion technique that employs solvents other than water to transform waste plastics into valuable compounds. The objective of this study was to explore the potential use of supercritical toluene, a nonpolar solvent, for the depolymerization of four electrical waste (e-waste) thermoplastics, namely polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), and polyether ether ketone (PEEK), into liquid products. Depolymerization experiments were carried out in batch reactors at three reaction temperatures (325, 350, and 375 °C), and three residence times (1, 3, and 6 h). The findings revealed that increasing STL temperature and extending the reaction time enhances the depolymerization of e-waste thermoplastics. The highest STL conversation (100 %) was observed for POM, and the lowest STL conversation (32.23 %) was observed for PEEK. Additionally, the ultimate analysis showed that the liquid product obtained from STL at 375 °C and 6 h exhibited higher heating values (HHV) within the range of 31.43 to 35.31 MJ/kg. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the boiling point distributions of liquid products are highly dependent on thermoplastic type. Finally, the reaction mechanisms of STL for PA, PC, POM, and PEEK were proposed based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Ghalandari
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Hunter Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Adam Scannell
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Toufiq Reza
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.
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15
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Wongthep S, Pluengphon P, Tantraviwat D, Panchan W, Boochakiat S, Jarusuphakornkul K, Wu Q, Chen J, Inceesungvorn B. New visible-light-driven Bi 2MoO 6/Cs 3Sb 2Br 9 heterostructure for selective photocatalytic oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:32-42. [PMID: 37924589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, new Bi2MoO6/Cs3Sb2Br9 heterostructure (BiMo/CSB) was investigated for the first time as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst for C(sp3)-H bond activation using molecular oxygen as a green oxidant and toluene as a model substrate. The optimized BiMo/CSB photocatalyst exhibited enhanced toluene oxidation activity (2,346 μmol g-1h-1), which was almost two- and five-fold that of pristine CSB (1,165 μmol g-1h-1) and BiMo (482 μmol g-1h-1), respectively. The improved photocatalytic performance was essentially attributed to the formation of staggered band energy lineup in the BiMo/CSB hybrid, which promoted S-scheme charge transfer across the BiMo/CSB heterointerface as supported by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), density functional theoretical (DFT), time-resolve photoluminescence (TRPL), and photoelectrochemical studies. Spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and radical scavenging studies revealed that photoinduced hole, molecular oxygen, and superoxide radical are key active species in this photocatalytic system. The developed BiMo/CSB catalyst provided good selectivity toward benzaldehyde product (94-98 %), presumably due to the inhibiting effect of benzyl alcohol on benzaldehyde oxidation. No significant change in structure and morphology was observed for the spent catalyst, however small negative shift of Sb 3d and Bi 4f binding energy was found suggesting partial reduction of Sb3+ and Bi3+. This work not only provides a new visible-light-driven photocatalyst for C(sp3)-H bond activation but also opens the doors for exploitation of the conversion and functionalization of this inert bond toward the production of high value-added organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitra Wongthep
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Prayoonsak Pluengphon
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samutprakarn 10540, Thailand
| | - Doldet Tantraviwat
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Panchan
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sadanan Boochakiat
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Kasornkamol Jarusuphakornkul
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Qilong Wu
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Burapat Inceesungvorn
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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16
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Liu L, Ahmadi Y, Kim KH, Kukkar D, Szulejko JE. The relative dominance of surface oxygen content over pore properties in controlling adsorption and retrograde behavior of gaseous toluene over microporous carbon. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167308. [PMID: 37774873 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption potential of activated carbon (AC) derived from macadamia nut shells (product code of Procarb-900: namely, AC-P) has been investigated using gaseous toluene as the target pollutant. The powder AC-P with high-microporosity (96%) and oxygen content (5.62%) exhibited very high adsorption capacity (214 mg·g-1) and partition coefficient (PC: 25 mol·kg-1·Pa-1) against 100 ppm (10 Pa) toluene at 99% breakthrough levels (1 atm dry N2). The factors governing toluene adsorption were explored with respect to the key variables such as surface functional groups, pore size distribution, sorbent bed mass (50, 100, and 150 mg), and particle size (i.e., 0.212-0.6 mm (powder AC: PAC)) vs. 0.6-2.36 mm (granular AC: GAC)). Accordingly, the adsorption process was physical, mainly due to the non-polar interactions (i.e., π-π interactions) between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. The high affinity of AC-P at low breakthrough levels was obtained through a combination of smaller particle size (PAC) and larger adsorbent mass (i.e., 150 mg) with the appearance of a very pronounced retrograde phenomenon (e.g., at < 1% breakthrough level). As such, toluene adsorption appeared to be affected more sensitively by particle size and adsorbent mass (especially at low breakthrough levels) than by high microporosity. Most importantly, the oxygen content of AC emerges as one of the key factors governing the maximum capacity, as the changes in pore volume are not crucial to explain the observed adsorption patterns of toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Younes Ahmadi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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17
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Yu J, Wang X, Wang Y, Xie X, Xie H, Vorayos N, Sun J. Heating-induced adsorption promoting the efficient removal of toluene by the metal-organic framework UiO-66 (Zr) under visible light. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1478-1487. [PMID: 37804616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The removal of indoor/outdoor toluene by photocatalysis has drawn much attention due to its low energy consumption and easy availability. However, light inevitably generates heat, and pollutants desorb from catalysts as the temperature rises, which is not beneficial to degradation. Contrast to the frequently occurred phenomena, we firstly found that the adsorption capacity of UiO-66 (Zr) on toluene increased with increasing temperature as adsorption isotherms and in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectra (in-situ FTIR) showed. The optimum temperature was 30 °C. This stage in which adsorption capacity was positively correlated with temperature was called heating-induced adsorption, which achieved a toluene removal efficiency of 69.6 %. By density functional theory (DFT) calculations and changing the metal centers and organic ligands of UiO-66 (Zr) respectively, we disclosed that the heating-induced adsorption was mainly related to the π-π stacking interaction of MOF ligands and toluene. The analysis of samples before and after adsorption showed that the interaction between UiO-66 (Zr) and adsorbed toluene facilitated the charge transfer and prolonged the carrier lifetime, leading to the increase of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in photocatalysis. Therefore, a synergistic effect between heating-induced adsorption and photocatalysis was proposed by analyzing the adsorption of toluene on UiO-66 (Zr) in detail. This work provided new viewpoint to understand the role of concomitant heat contributed to the adsorption and degradation of toluene during photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Yu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 585 Heshuo Road, Shanghai 201899, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 585 Heshuo Road, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 585 Heshuo Road, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 585 Heshuo Road, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Nat Vorayos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 585 Heshuo Road, Shanghai 201899, China.
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18
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Mao Y, Xie Z, Shen D, Qi S. Influence of static pressure on toluene oxidation efficiency in groundwater by micro-nano bubble ozonation. Chemosphere 2024; 347:140708. [PMID: 37967678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro-nano bubble ozonation has been widely applied in the purification of drinking water due to its superior characteristics such as high mass transfer rate and long resistance time. However, its application in groundwater remediation is limited, partially due to the unclear effect of static water pressure on the oxidation efficiency. This study constructed a batch reactor to investigate the influence of static pressure on toluene oxidation by ozone micro-nano bubble water. To achieve constant pressure, weight was added above the mobile reactor roof, and the initial concentrations of toluene and dissolved ozone were 1.00 mg L-1 and 0.68 mg L-1 respectively. Experimental results demonstrated that as the static water pressure increased from 0.0 to 2.5 m, the average microbubble diameter decreased significantly from 62.3 to 36.0 μm. Simultaneously, the oxidation percentage of toluene increased from 40.3% to 58.7%, and the reaction rate between toluene and hydroxyl radical (OH·) increased from 9.3 × 109 to 1.39 × 1010 M-1 s-1, indicating that the shrinkage of micro-nano bubbles generated an abundance of OH· that quickly oxidized toluene adsorbed at the bubble interface. A greater enhancement of oxidation efficiency for nitrobenzene, as compared to p-xylene, was observed after the addition of 2.5 m water pressure, which verified the larger contribution of OH· under static pressure. Although the improvement of oxidation efficiency was reduced under acid and alkaline environments, as well as in practical groundwater matrices, the overall results still demonstrated the promising application of micro-nano bubble ozonation in groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Mao
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Zeming Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shengqi Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Chen Y, Xi J, Lu Y, Cai J. Removal of toluene via non-thermal plasma generated by applying rare-earth tungsten electrode and nanosecond pulsed power supply. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:609-621. [PMID: 38015402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the characteristics associated with degradation of toluene through the utilization of non-thermal plasma (NTP) generated via application of a low-work-function electrode and nanosecond pulsed power supply. Initially, a comparative analysis is made between toluene removal efficiency utilizing the low-work-function electrode and that achieved with the conventional stainless-steel electrode. The outcomes demonstrate that NTP generated by the low-work-function electrode exhibits markedly superior removal efficiency for toluene in comparison to the stainless-steel electrode operating at the same voltage. Subsequently, the impacts of voltage, pulse frequency, and initial concentration of toluene on the removal efficiency and production of by-products are investigated. It is found that as the voltage and frequency increase, the removal efficiency also increases, and a maximum toluene removal efficiency of 87.2% is achieved at a voltage of 12,000 V and pulse frequency of 2000 Hz. The removal efficiency first increases and then decreases with increasing toluene initial concentration. The investigation also finds that energy yield is negatively correlated with voltage and pulse frequency and positively correlated with the initial concentration. Finally, the reaction products were subjected to quantitative analysis using GC-MS. Based on the analysis results, potential reaction pathways are inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurun Chen
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianfei Xi
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yang Lu
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Cai
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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20
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Lamprea Pineda PA, Demeestere K, González-Cortés JJ, Alvarado-Alvarado AA, Boon N, Devlieghere F, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C. Effect of inoculum type, packing material and operational conditions on the biofiltration of a mixture of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds in air. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:167326. [PMID: 37748600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere causes negative environmental and health effects. Biofiltration is known to be an efficient and cost-effective treatment technology for the removal of VOCs in waste gas streams. However, little is known on the removal of VOC mixtures and the effect of operational conditions, particularly for hydrophobic VOCs, and on the microbial populations governing the biofiltration process. In this study, we evaluated the effect of inoculum type (acclimated activated sludge (A-AS) versus Rhodococcus erythropolis) and packing material (mixture of compost and wood chips (C + WC) versus expanded perlite) on the removal of a mixture of hydrophobic VOCs (toluene, cyclohexane and hexane) in three biofilters (BFs), i.e., BF1: C + WC and R. erythropolis; BF2: C + WC and A-AS; and BF3: expanded perlite and R. erythropolis. The BFs were operated for 374 days at varying inlet loads (ILs) and empty bed residence times (EBRTs). The results showed that the VOCs were removed in the following order: toluene > cyclohexane > hexane, which corresponds to their air-water partitioning coefficient and thus bioavailability of each VOC. Toluene is the most hydrophilic VOC, while hexane is the most hydrophobic. BF2 outperformed BF1 and BF3 in each operational phase, with average maximum elimination capacities (ECmax) of 21 ± 3 g toluene m-3 h-1 (removal efficiency (RE): 100 %; EBRT: 82 s), 11 ± 2 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1 (RE: 86 ± 6 %; EBRT: 163 s) and 6.2 ± 0.9 g hexane m-3 h-1 (RE: 96 ± 4 %; EBRT: 245 s). Microbial analysis showed that despite having different inocula, the genera Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium and/or Pseudonocardia dominated in all BFs but at different relative abundances. This study provides new insights into the removal of difficult-to-degrade VOC mixtures with limited research to date on biofiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Allan A Alvarado-Alvarado
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology - CMET, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research group FMFP, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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21
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Soberanes-Chávez P, de Gortari P, García-Luna C, Cruz SL. Repeated toluene and cyclohexane inhalation produces differential effects on HPA and HPT axes in adolescent male rats. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:244-253. [PMID: 37944760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Misused volatile solvents typically contain toluene (TOL) as the main psychoactive ingredient. Cyclohexane (CHX) can also be present and is considered a safer alternative. Solvent misuse often occurs at early stages of life, leading to permanent neurobehavioral impairment and growth retardation. However, a comprehensive examination of the effects of TOL and CHX on stress regulation and energy balance is lacking. Here, we compared the effect of a binge-pattern exposure to TOL or CHX (4,000 or 8,000 ppm) on body weight, food intake, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axes in male adolescent Wistar rats. At 8,000 ppm, TOL decreased body weight gain without affecting food intake. In addition, TOL and CHX altered the HPA and HPT axes' function in a solvent- and concentration-dependent manner. The highest TOL concentration produced HPA axis hyperactivation in animals not subjected to stress, which was evidenced by increased corticotropin-releasing-factor (CRF) release from the median eminence (ME), elevated adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone serum levels, and decreased CRF mRNA levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). TOL (8,000 ppm) also increased triiodothyronine (T3) serum levels, decreased pro-thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (pro-TRH) mRNA transcription in the PVN, pro-TRH content in the ME, and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. CHX did not affect the HPA axis. We propose that the increased HPT axis activity induced by TOL can be related to the impaired body weight gain associated with inhalant misuse. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the effects of the misused solvents TOL and CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Soberanes-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, 14370, Mexico.
| | - P de Gortari
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, 14370, Mexico
| | - C García-Luna
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, 14370, Mexico
| | - S L Cruz
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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Yu Z, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Li Z, Zhang P, Yang B, Shu J, Wang H, Yan Z. Insight into the crucial reason causing the difference in secondary organic aerosol yields of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with different methyl substituent numbers. Sci Total Environ 2023; 898:166353. [PMID: 37597565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yield of toluene photooxidation was reported to substantially higher than that of trimethylbenzene due to the effect of the number of methyl substituents. However, the intrinsic mechanism for this disparity is not clear enough. In this study, a highly-sensitive thermal-desorption photoinduced associative ionization mass spectrometer (TD-PAI-MS) was used to real-time characterize the molecular composition and its evolution of the SOA generated from the photooxidation of toluene and 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene (1,2,3-TMB) in a smog chamber. In the new particle formation (NPF) stage, toluene generated more variety of nucleation precursors, such as benzaldehyde (MW 106) and benzoic acid (MW 122), resulting in a much higher nucleation rate and SOA number concentration. In the SOA growth/aging stage, the key SOA components of toluene were mainly dialdehydes, e.g., 2-oxopropanedial (MW 86) and 4-oxopent-2-enedial (MW 112), which played an important role in the formation of highly oxidized species (HOS) through oligomerization or cyclization reactions. In contrast, due to the presence of more methyl groups, 1,2,3-TMB was inclined to produce ketones, e.g., 2,3-butanedione (MW 86) and 3-methyl-4-oxopent-2-enal (MW 112), which would be cleaved into high-volatility low molecular compounds, e.g., acetic acid, through fragmentation. Taken together, relative to 1,2,3-TMB, the higher nucleation rate during NPF and the significant oligomerization/functionalization process during SOA growth are thought to be the major reasons resulting in the higher SOA yield of toluene. This work provides a reference for the insight into the different SOA yields of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) through further revealing the SOA formation mechanism during toluene and 1,2,3-TMB photooxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqi Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyang Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongshen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinian Shu
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijie Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
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23
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Oh HJ, Chen Y, Kim H. Deposition of secondary organic aerosol in human lung model: Effect of photochemically aged aerosol on human respiratory system. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 265:115497. [PMID: 37729697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFP) of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) penetrate deep into the human respiratory system and exert fatal effects on human health. However, there is little data on the potential deposited doses of UFP-generated SOA in the human respiratory tract. This study is to estimate the fraction of aerosol deposition using a multiple-path-particle-dosimetry (MPPD) model. For relevancy of real life, the model employed measured concentrations of toluene-derived fresh and aged SOA produced within serially connected smog chamber and PAM-OFR (Potential Aerosol Mass-Oxidation Flow Reactor) under atmospheric environmental conditions (NOx and relative humidity). The number concentrations and chemical composition of fresh and aged aerosols produced within the chambers were measured using Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), while the morphology of individual particles was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The number concentration of aged SOA-w/s was more than double compared to that of fresh SOA-w/s (maximum reached after 10 h) with its size less than 100 nm. The O:C ratio for aged SOA-w/s were 0.96 and 1.15 depending on RH (0.96 at 3% RH and 1.15 at 50% RH), and individual spherical particles containing water were present in agglomerates with its size of less than 1 µm. In all inhalable fresh and aged SOA produced in the two chambers, 5-22% of aerosol is deposited in the Head airways, 4-8% in the tracheobronchial, and 8-34% in the alveolar regions. The predominant deposition of the aged aerosol occurred in the alveoli (in the generation 20th lobe), and the deposition faction in the alveoli was 2-3 times higher in the children group than the adults group. This study presented a quantitative exposure assessment of SOA generated under a realistic simulation and suggested the possibility of evaluating long-term exposure to SOA and potential health effects by determining the potential inhalable aerosol doses and the fraction of deposition in the human respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ju Oh
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hwajin Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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24
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Chuang HT, Liu RY, Trinh MM, Chang MB. Ozone catalytic oxidation of toluene over triple perovskite-type catalysts modified with KMnO 4. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:106068-106082. [PMID: 37726623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
A unique triple perovskite-type catalyst was successfully synthesized using the simple sol-gel approach, and surface acid modification was added to improve the ozone catalytic oxidation (OZCO) process ability to remove toluene more effectively. Our study indicates that La3MnCuNiO9 catalyst treated with KMnO4 shows the best toluene oxidation activity. At 250 °C, the rates of conversion and mineralization were 100% and 83%, respectively, under thermal catalytic system when C7H8 concentration = 500 ppm. During the OZCO system ([C7H8] = 20 ppm, O3/C7H8=8; room temperature), for 6 h, the conversion rate remained at 100%. The high ratios of Mn4+/(Mn4++Mn3+), Cu2+, and abundant surface oxygen species, high specific surface area, and pore volume lead to remarkable catalytic performance of this catalyst. Meanwhile, the catalyst contributes to superior stability and water resistance. The catalytic mechanism of La3MnCuNiO9 after KMnO4 treatment in the context of OZCO was further discussed. Overall, after KMnO4 treatment, the La3MnCuNiO9 catalyst reveals extraordinary catalytic activity and excellent stability combination of this catalyst with ozone exhibits high toluene removal efficiency in the OZCO system and has a good potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Tzu Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan
| | - Run Yu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan
| | - Minh Man Trinh
- Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 31040, Taiwan
| | - Moo Been Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan.
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25
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Xie H, Liu N, Wang H, Chen S, Zeng J, Zhou G. Activated carbon with high mesopore ratio derived from waste Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches by KNO 3-assisted H 3PO 4 staged activation for toluene adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:104194-104208. [PMID: 37697201 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Waste Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches were used to prepare activated carbon adsorbents with high mesopore ratio by H3PO4 staged activation method with adding KNO3 additive. The prepared activated carbon adsorbents were characterized by SEM, BET, FT-IR, and XRD. The adsorption properties of the prepared activated carbon adsorbents were evaluated by the toluene adsorption/desorption in air. The quasi-first-order, quasi-second-order, and Bangham models were used to fit the obtained toluene adsorption results. The oxidative etching of KNO3 additive improved the pore-forming ability of the H3PO4 activator to enhance the activation pore-forming effects of the selected biomass raw material. The secondary pore-forming effects of K atoms promoted the effective expansion of the pore diameter in the activated carbon preparation process to prepare activated carbon adsorbents with high mesopore proportion. The specific surface area and mesopore proportion of the activated carbon adsorbents prepared by adding KNO3 additive exceeded 1100 m2/g and 71.00%, respectively, and the toluene adsorption capacity exceeded 370.00 mg/g. The rich mesopore structures can effectively reduce the toluene mass transfer resistance, which can promote the corresponding activated carbon adsorbent to be regenerated by low-temperature (40 °C) thermal desorption. The toluene adsorption on the prepared activated carbon adsorbents includes surface adsorption and diffusion in pore structures, and the toluene adsorption mechanism is more consistent with the Bangham kinetic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Na Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Guilin Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China.
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26
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Tucci M, Fernández-Verdejo D, Resitano M, Ciacia P, Guisasola A, Blánquez P, Marco-Urrea E, Cruz Viggi C, Matturro B, Crognale S, Aulenta F. Toluene-driven anaerobic biodegradation of chloroform in a continuous-flow bioelectrochemical reactor. Chemosphere 2023; 338:139467. [PMID: 37437617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface co-contamination by multiple pollutants can be challenging for the design of bioremediation strategies since it may require promoting different and often antagonistic degradation pathways. Here, we investigated the simultaneous degradation of toluene and chloroform (CF) in a continuous-flow anaerobic bioelectrochemical reactor. As a result, 47 μmol L-1 d-1 of toluene and 60 μmol L-1 d-1 of CF were concurrently removed, when the anode was polarized at +0.4 V vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE). Analysis of the microbial community structure and key functional genes allowed to identify the involved degradation pathways. Interestingly, when acetate was supplied along with toluene, to simulate the impact of a readily biodegradable substrate on process performance, toluene degradation was adversely affected, likely due to competitive inhibition effects. Overall, this study proved the efficacy of the developed bioelectrochemical system in simultaneously treating multiple groundwater contaminants, paving the way for the application in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tucci
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - David Fernández-Verdejo
- Biorem UAB, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Resitano
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Pamela Ciacia
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Albert Guisasola
- GENOCOV, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Biorem UAB, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Marco-Urrea
- Biorem UAB, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Cruz Viggi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Bruna Matturro
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Federico Aulenta
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy.
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27
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Kamani H, Baniasadi M, Abdipour H, Mohammadi L, Rayegannakhost S, Moein H, Azari A. Health risk assessment of BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) in different indoor air using Monte Carlo simulation in zahedan city, Iran. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20294. [PMID: 37809514 PMCID: PMC10560053 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene compounds (BTEX) in the breathing air outside and inside buildings is one of the most significant problems related to human health today. This study was performed to determine the concentration of BTEX pollutants in indoor environments. PhoCheck was used to detect the concentration of BTEX compounds. In this study, the concentration (BTEX pollutant) was assessed in four indoor spaces, including restaurants, laundries, hair salons, and photocopying centers. The results showed that the average concentration of all four searched compounds was higher than the recommended limit of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The results of carcinogenic risk assessment by benzene and ethylbenzene compounds show 2153 × 10-4 and 913 × 10-5 respectively. The HQ values for toluene and xylene were 1.397 and 0.505, respectively, indicating that exposure to toluene alone may have adverse effects on human health, while exposure to xylene alone has no adverse effects. The hazard index (HI) for toluene and xylene pollutants was higher than one. An HI value higher than one means that the two contaminants toluene and xylene in the air we breathe may have adverse effects on human health. As a result, the necessary control measures should be taken to prevent the unfavorable effects of these two pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Kamani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan,Iran
| | - Marzieh Baniasadi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan,Iran
| | - Hossein Abdipour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Mohammadi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan,Iran
| | | | - Hossein Moein
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan,Iran
| | - Ali Azari
- Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
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28
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Ben Attia T, Ben Ali R, Nahdi A, Galai S, Ghali R, Rammeh S, Véronique El may M, Mhamdi A. Olea europaea L. leaf extract mitigates oxidative and histological damage in rat heart tissue exposed to combined noise and toluene: An experimental study. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101683. [PMID: 37576861 PMCID: PMC10415226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In many occupational settings, workers are frequently exposed to toluene and noise. However, the individual and combined effects of these exposures on the cardiovascular system have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of simultaneous exposure to toluene and noise on the rat heart, while also evaluating the potential preventive effect of olive leaf extract (OLE). Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6/group): control group (C), control group that received OLE (C + OLE), group exposed to noise (N), group exposed to noise and receiving OLE (N + OLE), group exposed to toluene (T), group exposed to toluene and receiving OLE (T + OLE), group co-exposed to noise and toluene (NT), and group co-exposed to noise and toluene and receiving OLE (NT + OLE). The rats in this study were subjected to simultaneous exposure to toluene and noise for a duration of six weeks, within a custom-built plexiglass chamber. Toluene was administered at a concentration of 300 ppm, while the noise level was set to 85 dB(A). The exposure chamber was equipped with a generation system, an exposure system, and a monitoring system, ensuring precise and accurate exposure conditions. After the six-week period, heart and blood samples were collected from the rats for subsequent analysis. Plasma levels of cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) were measured, and histopathological investigation was conducted using HE staining. Additionally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in heart tissue were measured. Our results showed that simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene altered CHOL, TG, LDH, and CK levels, and also caused an increase in lipid peroxidation levels and superoxide dismutase activity, along with a decrease in catalase activity in the heart. A significant alteration in the myocardium was also observed. However, treatment with OLE was found to modulate these oxidative and histological changes, ultimately correcting the deleterious effects induced by the combined exposure to noise and toluene. Therefore, our study suggests that OLE could be a potential preventive measure for individuals exposed to toluene and noise in industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takoua Ben Attia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unit n° 17/ES/13, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation and Cell Death, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Ben Ali
- University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unit n° 17/ES/13, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation and Cell Death, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Unit of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Afef Nahdi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unit n° 17/ES/13, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation and Cell Death, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Said Galai
- Research Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of the Child (LR18SP04)-Department of Clinical Biology -National Institute Mongi Ben Hmida of Neurology at Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Ghali
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Soumeya Rammeh
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Research Unit n° 17ES15- Department of Pathology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Michèle Véronique El may
- University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unit n° 17/ES/13, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation and Cell Death, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Unit of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abada Mhamdi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unit n° 17/ES/13, Inflammation, Cell Proliferation and Cell Death, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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Jupina M, Weleff J, Harp J, Anand A. Cognitive, imaging, and psychiatric changes associated with chronic toluene use: case report and literature review. J Addict Dis 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37503800 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2023.2229735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhalant misuse and inhalant use disorder are global public health concern that impacts adolescents but can occur throughout life. Toluene is the most commonly misused inhalant. Toluene use leads to significant neuroanatomic, cognitive, and psychiatric deficits. The purpose of this study was to review and summarize the effects of toluene and present a case of a middle-aged patient with an inhalant use disorder. A literature review was conducted to evaluate imaging, neurocognitive, and psychiatric consequences of toluene misuse. The common imaging findings amongst those who misuse toluene were cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, ventricular dilation, loss of gray-white matter differentiation, corpus callosum thinning, and diffuse white matter changes. Concerning cognition, toluene misusers were shown to have deficits in intelligence, attention, memory, visuospatial function, and complex cognition. In addition, toluene users also commonly presented with apathy, flat affect, hallucinations, delusions, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The neuroanatomical, neurocognitive, and psychiatric effects of toluene misuse are profound. These deficits can make inhalant use disorder difficult to treat. Therefore, evidence-based treatments that recognize and address these domain-specific neurocognitive deficits are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Jupina
- Department of Psychiatry, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeremy Weleff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jared Harp
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Akhil Anand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Chen WY, Wu JH, Wang BN. Intermittent Oxygen Supply Facilitates Codegradation of Trichloroethene and Toluene by Anaerobic Consortia. Environ Sci Technol 2023. [PMID: 37422855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation is commonly employed for remediating trichloroethene- or toluene-contaminated sites. However, remediation methods using either anaerobic or aerobic degradation are inefficient for dual pollutants. We developed an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor system with intermittent oxygen supply for the codegradation of trichloroethylene and toluene. Our results showed that oxygen inhibited anaerobic dechlorination of trichloroethene, but dechlorination rates remained comparable to that at dissolved oxygen levels of 0.2 mg/L. Intermittent oxygenation engendered reactor redox fluctuations (-146 to -475 mV) and facilitated rapid codegradation of targeting dual pollutants, with trichloroethene degradation constituting only 27.5% of the noninhibited dechlorination. Amplicon sequencing analysis revealed the predominance of Dehalogenimonas (16.0% ± 3.5%) over Dehalococcoides (0.3% ± 0.2%), with ten times higher transcriptomic activity in Dehalogenimonas. Shotgun metagenomics revealed numerous genes related to reductive dehalogenases and oxidative stress resistance in Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides, as well as the enrichment of diversified facultative populations with functional genes related to trichloroethylene cometabolism and aerobic and anaerobic toluene degradation. These findings suggested that the codegradation of trichloroethylene and toluene may involve multiple biodegradation mechanisms. Overall results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of intermittent micro-oxygenation in aiding trichloroethene-toluene degradation, suggesting the potential for the bioremediation of sites with similar organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Bing Nan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
- Environmental Laboratory and Research, Sinotech Environmental Technology, Ltd., No. 351, Sanzhong Rd., Dashe District, Kaohsiung City 815040, Taiwan
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Zhao J, Li C, Yu Q, Zhu Y, Liu X, Li S, Liang C, Zhang Y, Huang L, Yang K, Zhang Z, Zhai Y. Interface engineering of Mn 3O 4/Co 3O 4 S-scheme heterojunctions to enhance the photothermal catalytic degradation of toluene. J Hazard Mater 2023; 452:131249. [PMID: 36966624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides have high photothermal conversion capacity and excellent thermal catalytic activity, and their photothermal catalytic ability can be further improved by reasonably inducing the photoelectric effect of semiconductors. Herein, Mn3O4/Co3O4 composites with S-scheme heterojunctions were fabricated for photothermal catalytic degradation of toluene under ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) light irradiation. The distinct hetero-interface of Mn3O4/Co3O4 effectively increases the specific surface area and promotes the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus facilitating the generation of reactive oxygen species and migration of surface lattice oxygen. Theoretical calculations and photoelectrochemical characterization demonstrate the existence of a built-in electric field and energy band bending at the interface of Mn3O4/Co3O4, which optimizes the photogenerated carriers' transfer path and retains a higher redox potential. Under UV-Vis light irradiation, the rapid transfer of electrons between interfaces promotes the generation of more reactive radicals, and the Mn3O4/Co3O4 shows a substantial improvement in the removal efficiency of toluene (74.7%) compared to single metal oxides (53.3% and 47.5%). Moreover, the possible photothermal catalytic reaction pathways of toluene over Mn3O4/Co3O4 were also investigated by in situ DRIFTS. The present work offers valuable guidance toward the design and fabrication of efficient narrow-band semiconductor heterojunction photothermal catalysts and provides deeper insights into the mechanism of photothermal catalytic degradation of toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Caiting Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Qi Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Youcai Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shanhong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Caixia Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Le Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Kuang Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ziang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Liu X, Zhao J, Wang Y, Hu Y, Xu L, Yao L, Zheng C, Yang J, Gao X. Enhanced toluene gas-sensing properties of MEMS sensor based on Pt-loaded SnO 2nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2023. [PMID: 37279713 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acdbd3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of low concentration toluene is highly desirable in environment monitoring, industrial processes, medical diagnosis, etc. In this study, we prepared the Pt-loaded monodispersed nanoparticles through hydrothermal synthesis and assembled a toluene sensor with fast response and low detection limits based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS). Compared with the pure SnO2, the 3 wt% Pt-loaded SnO2sensor exhibits a 2.75 times higher gas sensitivity to toluene gas at about 330 °C. Meanwhile, the 3 wt% Pt-loaded SnO2sensor also has a stable and good response to 100 ppb of toluene. Its theoretical detection limit was calculated as low as 12.6 ppb. Also, the sensor has a short response time of ~10 s at different gas concentrations (even down to 5.4 s at 20 ppm), as well as the excellent dynamic response-recover characteristic, selectivity, and stability. The improved performance of Pt-loaded SnO2sensor can be explained by the increase of oxygen vacancies and chemisorbed oxygen. In our MEMS sensors, three gas sensing elements could be packaged in one ceramic shell for parallel testing and made it easier for real application by embedding in a printed circuit board. This provides new ideas and decent prospect for developing miniaturized, low-power-comsumption, and portable application of gas sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Liu
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Jian Zhao
- Zhejiang Hope Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Hope Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310012, CHINA
| | - Yongguang Wang
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang University, Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 315100, CHINA
| | - Linjie Xu
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Longchao Yao
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Chenghang Zheng
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute of Process Equipment, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, CHINA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, State Environment Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA
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Sheng Y, Wang M, Dong Q. Gas-particle two-phase adsorption of toluene and ultrafine particles on activated carbon studied by molecular simulation. Sci Total Environ 2023:164591. [PMID: 37277031 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption is regarded as the most reliable technology for gaseous pollutant removal. Activated carbon is a widely used adsorbent due to its good adsorption capacity and low price. However, substantial ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the air cannot be effectively removed even if a high-efficiency particulate air filter is located before the adsorption stage. The adhesion of UFPs to the porous surface of activated carbon affects the removal of gaseous pollutants and shortens its service life. So, we adopted molecular simulation to explore the gas-particle two-phase adsorption and analyze the effects of the properties of UFPs such as concentration, shape, size and chemical composition on the toluene adsorption. The parameters of equilibrium capacity, diffusion coefficient, adsorption site, radial distribution function, adsorption heat and energy distribution were used to evaluate the gas adsorption performance. The results showed that the equilibrium capacity of toluene was decreased by 16.51 % compared to that of only toluene adsorption at the toluene concentration of 1 ppb and UFPs concentration of 1.81 × 10-5/cm3. Compared with cubic and cylindrical particles, the particles in spheres were more likely to hinder the pore channels from reducing gas capacity. Larger UFPs in the selected particle size range (1-3 nm) had a greater impact. Carbon black UFPs themselves could adsorb toluene, so the amount of toluene adsorbed was not significantly decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sheng
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qingqing Dong
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Xie Z, Shentu J, Long Y, Lu L, Shen D, Qi S. Effect of dissolved organic matter on selective oxidation of toluene by ozone micro-nano bubble water. Chemosphere 2023; 325:138400. [PMID: 36925009 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation capacity of ozone micro-nano bubble water (OMBW) was always higher than ozonated water due to enhanced contact by bubble interface, while the effect of coexisted dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the oxidation efficiency was still unclear. In this paper, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the selective oxidation of toluene by both OMBW and ozonated water (OW) with coexisted DOM in water. Five types of background solutions were applied in this study, including humic acid solution, fulvic acid solution and three types of diluted landfill leachates at the same content of total organic carbon. Results showed that coexisted DOM had a greater inhibition effect on toluene oxidation rate by OMBW, and the oxidation rate of toluene by OMBW and OW became close. It was mainly caused by the decreased reaction rate between toluene and hydroxyl radical (kT-OH·) in OMBW after the introduction of DOM, which competed for the adsorption sites on micro-nano bubble interface. The fraction of ozone to oxidize toluene as well as kT-OH· was in positive correlations with SUVA254 and the content of humic acid-like substances, but negatively correlated with E2/E3, content of tryptophan-like proteins and content of fulvic acid-like substances. In addition, increasing the ozone dose was not effective in increasing the utilization rate of ozone in OMBW due to limited adsorption sites on micro-nano bubble interface. The paper was conductive to the application of ozone micro-nano bubble water in groundwater remediation with complex water matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeming Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Jiali Shentu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Li Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Shengqi Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China.
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Ismail A, Zahid M, Ali S, Bakhtiar SUH, Ali N, Khan A, Zhu Y. Engineering of oxygen vacancy defect in CeO 2 through Mn doping for toluene catalytic oxidation at low temperature. Environ Res 2023; 226:115680. [PMID: 36925036 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation is considered a highly effective method for the elimination of volatile organic compounds. Oxygen vacancy defect engineering in a catalyst is considered an effective approach for high-performance catalysts. Herein, a series of doped MnxCe1-xO2 catalysts (x = 0.05-0.2) with oxygen vacancy defects were synthesized by doping low-valent Mn in a CeO2 lattice. Different characterization techniques were utilized to inspect the effect of doping on oxygen vacancy defect generation. The characterization results revealed that the Mn0.15Ce0.85O2 catalyst has the maximum oxygen vacancy concentration, leading to increased active oxygen species and enhanced oxygen mobility. Thus, Mn0.15Ce0.85O2 catalyst showed an excellent toluene oxidation activity with 90% toluene conversion temperature (T90) of 197 °C at a weight hourly space velocity of 40,000 mL g-1 h-1 as compared to undoped CeO2 (T90 = 225 °C) and Ce based oxides in previous reports. In addition, the Mn0.15Ce0.85O2 catalyst displayed strong recyclability, water resistant ability and long-time stability. The in situ DRIFT results showed that the Mn0.15Ce0.85O2 catalyst has a robust oxidation capability as toluene is quickly adsorbed and actuated as compared to CeO2. Thus, the present work lays the foundation for designing a highly active catalyst for toluene elimination from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Sharafat Ali
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Syed Ul Hasnain Bakhtiar
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Nauman Ali
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Yujun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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Fang H, Liang W, Ma C, Tao Q, Liu J. Effect of interaction between Pd and Fe in modified red mud on catalytic decomposition of toluene. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27757-w. [PMID: 37256406 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27757-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
As an industrial solid waste produced by alumina industry, red mud was modified as support of Pd catalysts for toluene catalytic oxidation in this paper. The xPd/MRM catalysts had high activity for toluene catalytic oxidation, and the 0.3Pd/MRM catalyst showed the best catalytic performance (T50 = 175 °C and T100 = 200 °C). The results indicated that the prepared 0.3Pd/MRM catalyst had more ratio of surface-adsorbed oxygen and Fe3+, rather than MRM and RM, which benefitted to the toluene oxidation. The excessive Pd species and the growth of the PdO nanoparticles negatively affected the catalytic efficiency of toluene. 0.4Pd/MRM activity decreased because of PdO aggregation in the catalyst, which could be confirmed by TEM analysis. The results of XPS, H2-TPR, FT-IR, O2-TPD, and Raman examination revealed that the formation of Pd-O-Fe under the interaction between Fe in MRM and Pd (Pd2+ + Fe 2+ → Pd0 + Fe3+) increased the electron transfer and raised the mobility of surface-adsorbed oxygen. Furthermore, in situ DRIFTS and GC-MS were used to detect intermediate products of catalytic reactions, and the reaction mechanism of catalysts was also studied. The catalytic oxidation of toluene on 0.3Pd/MRM catalyst might have two reaction paths simultaneously. The first reaction path would be toluene → species benzyl → benzaldehyde → benzoic acid → long-chain aldehydes or carboxylic acids → CO2 and H2O. The second reaction path would be toluene → benzene → phenol → long-chain aldehydes or carboxylic acids → CO2 and H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Fang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Wenjun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Qianyu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
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Srivastava D, Li W, Tong S, Shi Z, Harrison RM. Characterization of products formed from the oxidation of toluene and m-xylene with varying NO x and OH exposure. Chemosphere 2023; 334:139002. [PMID: 37220797 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important precursor of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the urban environment. SOA formed from the oxidation of anthropogenic VOCs can be substantially more abundant than biogenic SOA and has been shown to account for a significant fraction of fine particulate matter in urban areas. A potential aerosol mass (PAM) chamber was used to investigate the oxidised products from the photo-oxidation of m-xylene and toluene. The experiments were carried out with OH radical as oxidant in both high- and low-NOx conditions and the resultant aerosol samples were collected using quartz filters and analysed by GC × GC-TOFMS. Results show the oxidation products derived from both precursors included ring-retaining and -opening compounds (unsaturated aldehydes, unsaturated ketones and organic acids) with a high number of ring-opening compounds observed from toluene oxidation. Glyoxal and methyl glyoxal were the major ring-cleavage products from both oxidation systems, indicating that a bicyclic route plays an important role in their formation. SOA yields were higher for both precursors under high-NOx (toluene: 0.111; m-xylene: 0.124) than at low-NOx (toluene: 0.089; m-xylene: 0.052), likely linked to higher OH concentrations during low-NOx experiments which may lead to higher degree of fragmentation. DHOPA (2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid), a known tracer of toluene oxidation, was observed in both oxidation systems. The mass fraction of DHOPA in SOA from toluene oxidation was about double the value reported previously, but it should not be regarded as a tracer solely for oxidation of toluene as m-xylene oxidation gave a similar relative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepchandra Srivastava
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Weiran Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongbo Shi
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Roy M Harrison
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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Seguel RJ, Garreaud R, Muñoz R, Bozkurt D, Gallardo L, Opazo C, Jorquera H, Castillo L, Menares C. Volatile organic compounds measured by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry over the complex terrain of Quintero Bay, Central Chile. Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121759. [PMID: 37146872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This research provides new evidence regarding the different kinds of air quality episodes, and their underlying mechanisms, that frequently impact the urban area of Quintero Bay in Central Chile, which is located along complex coastal terrain and is surrounded by industries. The monitoring campaign was carried out in January 2022 and encompassed two distinctive meteorological regimes. The first part of the month was dominated by a coastal low centered to the south of Quintero, which resulted in prevailing northerly flow (or weak southerlies) and a deep cloud-topped marine boundary layer. After a 2-3-day transition, the latter collapsed, and a clear-sky regime ensued, which was characterized by a shallow boundary layer and strong southerly winds during the daytime that lasted until the end of the campaign. By using proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) at a high temporal resolution (1 s), we measured high levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during air quality episodes in real time. The episodes detected were associated with different prevailing meteorological regimes, suggesting that different point sources were involved. In the first episode, propene/cyclopropane, butenes, benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene/xylenes were associated with north and northwesterly weak winds. Complaints associated with hydrocarbon odor were reported. The pollution originated from industrial and petrochemical units located to the north of Quintero, which transport and store natural gas, liquified petroleum gas and oil. The second episode was linked to an oil refinery located south of our measurement site. In this case, high levels of phenol, furan and cresols occurred under strong southwesterly winds. During this event, headaches and dizziness were reported. By contrast, the levels of other aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene/xylenes) were lower than in the first air pollution episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo J Seguel
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - René Garreaud
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Muñoz
- Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Deniz Bozkurt
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Meteorology, University of Valparaíso, Chile; Center for Oceanographic Research COPAS COASTAL, University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Laura Gallardo
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Charlie Opazo
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Héctor Jorquera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Chile
| | - Lucas Castillo
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo Menares
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Kumar S, Gupta R, Aggarwal N, Yadav A. Association of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphism with genetic damage in paint workers. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4899-4905. [PMID: 37072654 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposure to toluene causes serious health problems ranging from drowsiness to lethal diseases such as cancer. Paint workers are exposed to toluene through inhalation or the dermal route, which can induce genetcic damage. The increased DNA damage could be linked to genetic polymorphism. Therefore, we evaluated the association of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphism with DNA damage in paint workers. METHODS First, we included skilled paint workers (n = 30) as exposed and healthy individuals (n = 30) as control belonging to the same socio-economic strata. The genotoxicity biomarkers, Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/Comet assay were used to assess genotoxicity while Multiplex-PCR and PCR-RFLP were used to assess polymorphism in glutathione-s-transferase (GST) genes. Using linear curve regression analysis, we assessed the association between genetic damage and polymorphism in the glutathione-s-transferase (GST) gene in the exposed and control subjects. RESULTS A significantly higher frequency of CBMN (4.43 ± 1.50) and tail moment (TM) (11.23 ± 1.0) respectively in paint workers as compared to the control(1.50 ± 0.86 and (0.54 ± 0.37) underlined significantly high genetic damage in paint workers.Regression curve analysis reveals that polymorphism in the GST gene is significantly associated with higher MN and TM in paint workers. CONCLUSION Overall, our study provides a strong rationale for identifying a clear association between glutathione-S-transferase polymorphism and genetic damage in paint workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110608, India
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India.
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Nino P, Mzia Z, Nadezhda J, Yousef T, Giorgi L, Tamar L. Short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene exposure on spatial memory in adolescent and adult male Wistar rats. Neurosci Lett 2023; 805:137238. [PMID: 37037302 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Addiction to toluene-containing volatile inhalants is of significant medical and social concern, particularly among youth. These concerns are underscored by the fact that the majority of adult abusers of toluene started as teenagers. Surprisingly, however, the lasting effects of chronic toluene exposure, especially in various age groups, have not been well investigated. Recently, we reported that adolescent and adult male Wistar rats show differential responses to chronic toluene exposure in recognition memory tasks. Since different cognitive functions may be differentially affected by drugs of abuse, we used the same model to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene on spatial learning and memory using Morris water maze. Daily exposure to toluene (2000 ppm) for 40 days (5 min/day) resulted in age-dependent behavioral changes. For example, only adolescent animals showed a decrease in time and distance travelled to find the hidden platform 24 h after the last toluene exposure. In contrast, only adult rats exhibited a decrease in acquisition time and distance travelled at 90 days' post toluene exposure. Our data provide further support for the contention that age-dependent responses should be taken into consideration in interventional attempts to overcome specific detrimental consequences of chronic toluene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pochkhidze Nino
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Zhvania Mzia
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Japaridze Nadezhda
- Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia; Medical School of New Vision University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tizabi Yousef
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lobzhanidze Giorgi
- Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lordkipanidze Tamar
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia
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Koshti H, Bandyopadhyay R. Liquid-phase benzylation of toluene by benzyl alcohol over micro-mesoporous hierarchical mordenite zeolite. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-26777-w. [PMID: 37010684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, post-synthetic effective acid (HNO3) and base (NaOH) etching technique are used to create hierarchical mordenite having different pore structure. The powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD) technique was used to confirm the crystalline structure of the base-modified and acid-modified mordenite. Field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was employed to confirm the structural morphology of the materials. The modified mordenite was further characterised by inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and acid-base titration, to confirm the structural integrity, presence of active acidic sites, and other vital parameters. The structure was well conserved after the change, as evidenced by the characterisation. The toluene benzylation with benzyl alcohol using hierarchical mordenite and H-mordenite produced mono-benzylated toluene. Comparison between acid treated, base treated, and H-mordenite was done. All samples were catalytically active as proved by the catalytic result in the benzylation reaction. The results show that the base alteration dramatically enhances the mesoporous surface area of H-mordenite. Furthermore, the acid-treated mordenite had the highest benzyl alcohol conversion (75%), but the base-modified mordenite had benzyl alcohol conversion of 73% with the highest mono-benzylated toluene selectivity (61%). The process was further optimised by varying the reaction temperature, duration, and catalyst quantity. Gas chromatography (GC) was used to evaluate the reaction products and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to confirm them. Introduction of mesoporosity in the microporous mordenite was found to have significant effect on their catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Koshti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Rajib Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India.
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Pan L, Liu J, Zhan C, Zhang X, Cui M, Su X, Wang Z, Zhao L, Liu J, Song Y. Effects of indoor exposure to low level toluene on neural network alterations during working memory encoding. Chemosphere 2023; 321:138153. [PMID: 36804498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While high concentrations of toluene are known to affect multiple human organ systems, research concerning the influence of immediate, short-term exposure to toluene indoors and at low concentrations is scarce. Here, we studied effects of indoor toluene exposure on neural network alterations during working memory (WM) encoding. METHODS A total of 23 healthy college students were recruited. All participants were situated in a closed environmental chamber with a full fresh air system. Each participant was subjected to four exposure experiments with different toluene concentrations (0, 17.5, 35, and 70 ppb, named Group A, B, C and D, respectively), with at least one week between each experiment. WM Behavioral and 19-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in a pre-set environmental chamber were conducted simultaneously during each toluene exposure experiment. Neural networks relevant to WM encoding were visualized analyzing the obtained data. RESULTS 1. No significant difference in WM behavioral performance among the four groups was found. However, a significant increase in whole brain neural network functional connectivity was noted, especially in the frontal region. 2. An outflow directional transfer function (DTFoutflow) revealed higher frontal region values among Group D (the 70 ppb group) as compared to Group A, B and C (the0, 17.5 ppb and 35 ppb groups, respectively), although no differences in frontal region DTFinflow values among the four groups were noted. 3. The DTFFZ-F7, DTFFZ-T5, DTFFZ-P4, DTFFZ-P3, DTFFP2-O2, DTFP3-T4, DTFP3-F4, DTFP4-CZ and DTFP4-T4 values of Group D were found to be higher as compared to those of Group A and B. Furthermore, DTFFZ-F7 and DTFP4-T4 values of Group C were higher as compared to those of Group A. The DTFFZ-F7 values of Group D were higher as compared to those of the Group C. CONCLUSION Short-term toluene exposure significantly influences neural networks during cognitive processes such as WM encoding, even at low concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Pan
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jie Liu
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Changqing Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Wuhu No.2 People's Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Mingrui Cui
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao Su
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zukun Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
| | - Yijun Song
- General Practice Center & Emergency Department, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300000, China; General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Yuan B, Tao Y, Qi S, Xie A, Luo S. Effect of A, B-site cation on the catalytic activity of La 1-xA xMn 1-yB yO 3 (A = Ce, B = Ni) perovskite-type oxides for toluene oxidation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:36993-37003. [PMID: 36564700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ABO3-type perovskites (A = La, Ce; B = Mn, Ni) were prepared by sol-gel method, and applied for catalytic oxidation of toluene. The activity test results show that the activity of LaMnO3 can be improved when a small amount of Ce and Ni are doped into the A and B sites of LaMnO3, respectively. The effects of different calcination temperatures and different calcination time on the preparation of La-based perovskites were also investigated. The results illustrate that the toluene conversion of La0.8Ce0.2Mn0.8Ni0.2O3 is the highest when the calcination temperature is 700 °C and the calcination time is 4 h in La1-xCexMn1-yNiyO3 perovskites, and it requires lower reaction temperature when the conversion rate of toluene reaches 100% as compared to other catalysts, the T90 is 295 °C (T90, the temperature corresponding to the 90% of toluene conversion). Importantly, the mechanism of catalytic oxidation was also discussed. Therefore, the catalyst has potential prospects in the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Tao
- Center of Information Development and Management, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Songya Qi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijuan Xie
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiping Luo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China
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Gong P, He F, Xie J, Fang D. Catalytic removal of toluene using MnO 2-based catalysts: A review. Chemosphere 2023; 318:137938. [PMID: 36702414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have serious hazard to human health and ecological environment. Due to its low cost and high activity, the catalytic oxidation technology considered to be the most effective method to remove VOCs. Toluene is one of the typical VOCs, hence its catalytic elimination is crucial for the regulation of VOCs. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has been extensively studied for its excellent redox performance and low-temperature operation conditions. In this review, we summarize the research progresses in the toluene catalytic oxidation of MnO2-based catalysts, which contain single MnO2, metal-doped MnO2 and supported MnO2 catalyst. In particular, we pay much attention on the relationship between the chemical properties and toluene oxidation performance over MnO2 catalyst, as well as the catalytic reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the effects of different crystal forms and morphologies on the catalytic toluene reaction were discussed. And the perspective on MnO2 catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of toluene has been proposed. We expect that the summary of these important findings can serve as an important reference for the catalytic treatment of VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Gong
- School of Environment and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China.
| | - Feng He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Junlin Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - De Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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Sirotkin AV, Macejková M, Tarko A, Fabova Z, Alwasel S, Kotwica J, Harrath AH. Ginkgo, fennel, and flaxseed can affect hormone release by porcine ovarian cells and modulate the effect of toluene. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100736. [PMID: 36773449 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies have documented the toxic effects of toluene on the mammalian female reproductive processes. The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the potential of functional food plant extracts, namely, of ginkgo, fennel, and flaxseed, in modifying the toluene-induced effects on ovarian hormone release. Porcine granulosa cells were incubated with ginkgo, fennel, or flaxseed extracts (0, 1, 10, or 100 µg/mL) and/or toluene (10 µg/mL). Enzyme immunoassays were used in order to measure the release of progesterone (P), oxytocin (OT), and prostaglandin F (PGF) in the culture media. Toluene suppressed the release of P and enhanced the release of OT and PGF. All tested plant extracts reduced P and increased OT release, while the PGF output was found inhibited by ginkgo and stimulated by fennel and flaxseed. When the cells were incubated with toluene and each one of the plant extracts, toluene was able to prevent their action on P release, as well as those of fennel and flaxseed on OT and PGF release. Moreover, ginkgo enhanced but fennel or flaxseed prevented the toluene-induced effects on OT and PGF release. These observations (i) document novel aspects of the toluene-induced toxicity; (ii) demonstrate the direct influence of ginkgo, fennel, and flaxseed extracts on the ovarian secretory activity; (iii) inform our understanding of the interrelationship between toluene and the tested plant extracts with regard to their effects on ovarian hormone release; (iiii) demonstrate the ability of fennel and flaxseed to prevent adverse effect of toluene on ovarian hormones.
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Teimoori S, Shirkhanloo H, Hassani AH, Panahi M, Mansouri N. An immobilization of aminopropyl trimethoxysilane-phenanthrene carbaldehyde on graphene oxide for toluene extraction and separation in water samples. Chemosphere 2023; 316:137800. [PMID: 36634719 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A new functionalized Nano graphene with aminopropyl trimethoxysilane-phenanthrene-4-carbaldehyde (NGO@APTMS-PNTCA) as a novel adsorbent was used to extract toluene from water samples by the ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction procedure (USA-D-SPME). So, 50 mg of NGO@APTMS-PNTCA adsorbent was added to water samples and sonicated for 20 min. After toluene extraction, the NGO@APTMS-PNTCA adsorbent separated from the liquid phase with a Whatman membrane filter (200 nm). Then, the toluene was back-extracted from the adsorbent by 2.0 mL of the acetone/ethanol (1:1, eluent) at 25 °C. Due to the physical properties and structure of toluene, fluorobenzene was used as an internal standard. Finally, the toluene values were measured by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). In optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD), the working range (WR), and the enrichment factor (EF) were obtained at 2.5 μg L-1, 0.01-1.2 mg L-1, and 9.63, respectively (MRSD% = 3.38). Also, the limit of quantification (LOQ) 10 μg L-1 and extraction recovery of more than 95% was efficiently achieved for toluene. Standard additions of toluene to blank solutions had high recoveries between 95.2% and 104.5% with a relative standard deviation (RSD%) of 0.27-5.2. The absorption capacities of NGO and NGO@APTMS-PNTCA adsorbents for toluene extraction were obtained at 32.8 mg g-1 and 154.9 mg g-1, respectively. The USA-D-SPME method was validated by spiking the standard concentrations of toluene. The proposed method demonstrated relevant and suitable statistical results with high accuracy and precision for toluene extraction by a novel adsorbent synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Teimoori
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Shirkhanloo
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI), West Entrance Blvd., Olympic Village, Tehran, 14857-33111, Iran.
| | - Amir Hessam Hassani
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Panahi
- Department of Energy and Industry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabiollah Mansouri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Wathanavasin W, Banjongjit A, Katavetin P. A case-based approach to profound hypokalemia with severe acidemia. J Nephrol 2023; 36:341-345. [PMID: 36327039 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-022-01500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wannasit Wathanavasin
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Athiphat Banjongjit
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Phyathai, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pisut Katavetin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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48
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Ramos VC, Han W, Zhang X, Zhang S, Yeung KL. Modelling toluene sorption in ionic liquid/metal organic framework composite materials. Environ Res 2023; 219:115000. [PMID: 36529328 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Toluene is a prevalent pollutant in indoor environments and its removal is essential to maintain a healthy environment. Adsorption is one of the best alternatives for organic vapours removal, specially at low indoor concentrations. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Ionic Liquids (ILs) are potential materials for this mean. In this work, the synthesis and application of IL/MOF composite materials for toluene removal is reported. Loading [BMIM][CH3COO] ionic liquid into MIL101 porous structure improves parent materials affinity towards toluene capture by two orders of magnitude (as Henry's constants, attesting to their synergy). MIL101(Cr) and absorption in [BMIM][CH3COO] IL is best described by Henry's Law, while the Langmuir adsorption model predicts toluene adsorption on [BMIM][CH3COO]/MIL101(Cr) better than Freundlich and Toth equations. Diffusional and kinetics models revealed that toluene diffusion is the rate limiting step for pristine MIL101. Kinetic and diffusion rates were systematically improved upon the incorporation of the ionic liquid due to shorter toluene hops with the adsorbed IL and the increased hydrophobicity in the composites making the sorption more favourable. This study provides a systematic analysis and modelling of the toluene capture process in IL/MOF composites aiding a better understanding of the sorption process in these novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ventura Castillo Ramos
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Wei Han
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - King Lun Yeung
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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49
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Su X, Zhang X, Pei J, Deng M, Pan L, Liu J, Cui M, Zhan C, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhao L, Wang Z, Liu J, Song Y. Working memory-related alterations in neural oscillations reveal the influence of in-vehicle toluene on cognition at low concentration. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:21723-21734. [PMID: 36274073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although toluene is a typical in-vehicle pollutant, the impacts of in-vehicle toluene exposure on cognitive functions remain unestablished. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term toluene exposure in vehicles on working memory based on neural oscillations. In total, 24 healthy adults were recruited. Each subject was exposed to four different concentrations of toluene and divided into 0 ppb, 17.5 ppb, 35 ppb, and 70 ppb groups for self-control studies. After 4 h of exposure to each concentration of toluene, a behavioral test of visual working memory was performed while 19-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were collected. Meanwhile, the power spectral density (PSD) and spatial distribution of working memory encoding, maintenance, and extraction periods were calculated by short-time Fourier transform to clarify the characteristic frequency bands, major brain regions, and characteristic channels of each period. To compare the changes in the characteristic patterns of neural oscillations under the effect of different concentrations of toluene. There was no significant difference in working memory reaction time and correct rate between the groups at different toluene concentrations (p > 0.05). The characteristic frequency band of the working memory neural oscillations in each group was the theta frequency band; the PSD of the theta frequency band was predominantly concentrated in the frontal area, and the characteristic channel was the Fz channel. The whole brain (F = 3.817, p < 0.05; F = 4.758, p < 0.01; F = 3.694, p < 0.05), the frontal area (F = 2.505, p < 0.05; F = 2.839, p < 0.05; F = 6.068, p < 0.05), the Fz channel (F = 3.522, p < 0.05; F = 3.745, p < 0.05; F = 6.526, p < 0.05), and the PSD of working memory in the theta frequency band was significantly increased in the 70 ppb group compared with the other three groups during the coding, maintenance, and retrieval phases of working memory. When the in-vehicle toluene exposure concentration was 70 ppb, the PSD of the characteristic frequency bands of working memory was significantly increased in the whole brain, major brain regions, and characteristic channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Su
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jingjing Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meili Deng
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Liping Pan
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Mingrui Cui
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Changqin Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Wuhu No.2 People's Hospital, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yakun Wu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zunkun Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yijun Song
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- General Medicine Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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50
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Wu T, Zhao X, Liu M, Zhao J, Wang X. Wheat straw return can lead to biogenic toluene emissions. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:281-290. [PMID: 36182137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a common practice in agricultural system, straw return has been reported to release a large number of trace gases and attracted much attention. However, the role of straw return in toluene emission remains poorly understood. In this study we measured the emissions of toluene as well as other 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wheat straw return for 66 days under flooded and non-flooded conditions, respectively. The results showed that substantial toluene was released from the returned wheat straw particularly under flooded condition, and primarily derived from the secondary product. Toluene emissions from the returned wheat straw were 36.8 and 8.45 mg C/kg, sharing 28.0% and 8.6% of total VOCs released, and over 90% of toluene emissions occurred between days 24-56 and 0-17 under flooded and non-flooded conditions, respectively. The emission rates of toluene were relatively high but decreased sharply at the beginning 2 days, and then was steady until 24 days under the two moisture conditions. After the initial decrease these rose again to form one "peak emission window" between days 24-56 under flooded condition, while these were still very low and steady until the end under non-flooded condition. The toluene emission rates significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass C under flooded condition, but negatively associated with bacteria and fungus number, microbial biomass C, and CO2 flux under non-flooded condition, suggesting that microorganism might play an important role in toluene emissions from wheat straw return. A rough estimate indicated that straw return might be important for biogenic toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Mengdi Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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