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Rastogi V, Chaudhri N, Verma A. A Review on Lipid-Based Nanoformulations for Targeting Brain through Non-invasive Nasal Route. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:PNT-EPUB-140058. [PMID: 38685789 DOI: 10.2174/0122117385293436240321090218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The nasal method for administering nanoformulations to the brain has been examined and proven successful by prior investigators. For the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neuropsychiatric, depression, Alzheimer and anxiety, intranasal administration has become more popular for delivering drugs to the brain. This method offers direct transport through neuronal pathways. The lipid-based nanocarriers like nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) appear more favorable than other nanosystems for brain administration. The nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) system can quickly transform into a gelling system to facilitate easy administration into the nasal passages. The various compatibility studies showed that the other lipid structured-based formulations may not work well for various reasons, including a low drug filing capacity; during storage, the formulation showed changes in the solid lipid structures, which gives a chance of medication ejection. Formulations containing NLC can minimize these problems by improving drug solubility and permeation rate by incorporating a ratio of liquid lipids with solid lipids, resulting in improved stability during storage and drug bioavailability because of the higher drug loading capacity. This review aimed to find and emphasize research on lipid-based nanocarrier formulations that have advanced the treatment of central nervous system illnesses using nasal passages to reach the targeted area's drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Rastogi
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Nirvesh Chaudhri
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Anurag Verma
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
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Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are micron-scaled needles measuring 100 to 1000 μm that were initially explored for delivery of therapeutic agents across the skin. Considering the success in transcutaneous drug delivery, the application of microneedles has been extended to different tissues and organs. The review captures the application of microneedles to the oral mucosa, the eye, vagina, gastric mucosa, nail, scalp, and vascular tissues for delivery of vaccines, biologics, drugs, and diagnostic agents. The technology has created easy access to the poorly accessible segments of eye to facilitate delivery of monoclonal antibodies and therapeutic agents in management of neovascular disease. Microporation has been reported to drastically improve the drug delivery through the poorly permeable nail plate. Curved microneedles and spatially designed microneedle cuffs have been found to be capable of delivering stem cells and therapeutic macromolecules directly to the cardiac tissue and the vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively. Besides being minimally invasive and patient compliant, the technology has the potential to offer viable solutions to deliver drugs through impermeable barriers owing to the ability to penetrate several biological barriers. The technology has been successful to overcome the delivery hurdles and enable direct delivery of drug to the target sites, thus maximizing the efficacy thereby reducing the required dose. This review is an attempt to capture the non-dermatological applications of microneedles being explored and provides an insight on the future trends in the field of microneedle technology. Pictorial representation of different microneedle application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Panda
- The University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - V Anusha Matadh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sarasija Suresh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - H N Shivakumar
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Narasimha Murthy
- The University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, Oxford, MS, USA.
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India.
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Durán-Lobato M, López-Estévez AM, Cordeiro AS, Dacoba TG, Crecente-Campo J, Torres D, Alonso MJ. Nanotechnologies for the delivery of biologicals: Historical perspective and current landscape. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113899. [PMID: 34314784 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological macromolecule-based therapeutics irrupted in the pharmaceutical scene generating a great hope due to their outstanding specificity and potency. However, given their susceptibility to degradation and limited capacity to overcome biological barriers new delivery technologies had to be developed for them to reach their targets. This review aims at analyzing the historical seminal advances that shaped the development of the protein/peptide delivery field, along with the emerging technologies on the lead of the current landscape. Particularly, focus is made on technologies with a potential for transmucosal systemic delivery of protein/peptide drugs, followed by approaches for the delivery of antigens as new vaccination strategies, and formulations of biological drugs in oncology, with special emphasis on mAbs. Finally, a discussion of the key challenges the field is facing, along with an overview of prospective advances are provided.
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Valls-Ontañón A, Hernández-Margarit P, Mazarro-Campos A, Hernández-Alfaro F. Transmucosal posterior segmentation in the context of minimally invasive Le Fort I osteotomy: Technical note. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 123:e82-e84. [PMID: 34339878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In patients in which posterior segmentation of the maxilla is planned in the context of a minimally invasive Le Fort I osteotomy, accessing the posterior segmentation may tear the soft tissues, causing the minimally invasive approach to become lost, and tissue vascularization may be jeopardized. A technical note is presented for maintaining the original incision length when posterior osteotomies are required in the context of a minimally invasive Le Fort I osteotomy. Two vertical incisions are performed at the level of the premolars, a subperiosteal tunnel is made to access the bone with the piezoelectric device, and then an osteotome is used to complete the osteotomy. It thus may be concluded that this simple and safe additional limited approach can be reproduced in all cases where reaching an anatomical structure in the posterior maxillary region is required in the context of a minimally invasive Le Fort I osteotomy. The described technique offers easy and direct access to the posterior region of the maxilla while maintaining the initial incision length and preserving vascularization through the buccal corridors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valls-Ontañón
- Institute of Maxillofacial Surgery, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona 08022, Spain; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Hernández-Margarit
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Mazarro-Campos
- Institute of Maxillofacial Surgery, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona 08022, Spain
| | - F Hernández-Alfaro
- Institute of Maxillofacial Surgery, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona 08022, Spain; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Lizarelli RDFZ, Grecco C, Regalo SCH, Esteban Florez FL, Bagnato VS. A pilot study on the effects of transcutaneous and transmucosal laser irradiation on blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol in women. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07110. [PMID: 34136688 PMCID: PMC8180620 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present pilot study had the objective to determine the effects of transcutaneous and transmucosal laser irradiation on arterial blood pressure (ABP), glucose (Glu) triglycerides (Tg), total cholesterol (Ch), high-density level cholesterol (HDL) and low-density cholesterol (LDL) immediately after treatment (T0) and after 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) days. Patients (n = 36) were selected and randomly distributed into 6 groups (n = 6/group; [G1] negative control, [G2] radial artery transcutaneous laser irradiation [G3] radial artery transcutaneous irradiation, [G4] transmucosal sublingual irradiation, [G5] transmucosal intra-nasal irradiation and [G6] extended radial artery transcutaneous irradiation). Blood exams were performed at T0, T30 and T60. Systolic and diastolic pressure results have indicated that patients' pressures ranged from 90 mmHg (P22, T30, G4) to 189 mmHg (P16, T0, G3) and 54 mmHg (P21, T60, G4) to 175 mmHg (P16, T30, G3). Levels of Glu at T30 and T60 varied from 5.53% (G1) to -5.78% (G6) and 1.21 (G2) to -8.69 (G6), respectively. Data was statistically assessed for normality and homogeneity of variances using the F-statistic and Bartlett's tests. Significant differences were determined using One-Way ANOVA and Fischer post hoc tests. Results indicated that treatments investigated can be safely used as an adjunct method to regulate blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane de Fátima Zanirato Lizarelli
- University of São Paulo, São Carlos Physics Institute, Department of Optics and Biophotonics, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, P.O. BOX 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis Grecco
- Ibramed Equipment for Esthetics and Rehabilitation, Av. Dr. Carlos Burgos, 2800, 13901-080, Jardim Italia, Amparo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo
- University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Av. do Café, Subsetor Oeste, N-11, 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, 1201 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73117, USA
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- University of São Paulo, São Carlos Physics Institute, Department of Optics and Biophotonics, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, P.O. BOX 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Di Carla Santos S, Fávaro-Moreira NC, Abdalla HB, Augusto GGX, Costa YM, Volpato MC, Groppo FC, Gill HS, Franz-Montan M. A crossover clinical study to evaluate pain intensity from microneedle insertion in different parts of the oral cavity. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120050. [PMID: 33161036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate discomfort and safety of microneedle (MN) insertion in several intraoral regions. A device was developed to standardize MN insertions. MNs were inserted in the following regions of the oral cavity: gingiva, palatine alveolar process, buccal mucosa, dorsum of the tongue and inner portion of the lower lip. Perforations from MNs post insertion were confirmed with topical gentian violet stain. Pain was evaluated in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study in 30 volunteers. Each volunteer received a MN patch, a 30G hypodermic needle (positive control) and an identical MN patch with its needles laying flat in the plane of the patch (negative control). Adverse events were visually evaluated immediately after (0 h) and 24 h post MN application. The application device developed a consistent application force (10 N) and promoted perforation of all individual MNs on a patch. At all sites, insertion of the hypodermic needle promoted more pain when compared to the negative control (p < 0.001). Application of the MNs promoted less pain than the hypodermic needle (p < 0.05), but slightly more pain as compared to the negative control (p < 0.05) at all sites except the tongue, where the MN did not differ from the negative control (p > 0.05). Hypodermic needle caused bleeding at all insertion sites. In contrast, MNs did not cause bleeding at most sites except in some cases of insertion into the hard gingiva and the palatine alveolar process where tiny blood spots appeared immediately after MN application for few of the MNs on the patch. There were no cases of bleeding at 24 h post MN application. In conclusion, MNs can perforate different sites of the oral cavity in a safe and significantly less painful manner as compared to the 30G hypodermic needle. Thus, analogous to the skin, MN-based approaches could be an attractive approach for drug delivery in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Di Carla Santos
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nádia Cristina Fávaro-Moreira
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassin Abdalla
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Gama Xavier Augusto
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yuri Martins Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Volpato
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Coutant T, Vergneau-Grosset C, Langlois I. Overview of Drug Delivery Methods in Exotics, Including Their Anatomic and Physiologic Considerations. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2018; 21:215-259. [PMID: 29655468 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery to exotic animals may be extrapolated from domestic animals, but some physiologic and anatomic differences complicate treatment administration. Knowing these differences enables one to choose optimal routes for drug delivery. This review provides practitioners with a detailed review of the currently reported methods used for drug delivery of various medications in the most common exotic animal species. Exotic animal peculiarities that are relevant for drug administration are discussed in the text and outlined in tables and boxes to help the reader easily find targeted information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Coutant
- Zoological Medicine Service, Department of Clinical Sciences, CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S2M2, Canada
| | - Claire Vergneau-Grosset
- Zoological Medicine Service, Department of Clinical Sciences, CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S2M2, Canada
| | - Isabelle Langlois
- Zoological Medicine Service, Department of Clinical Sciences, CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S2M2, Canada.
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Abstract
Nanoparticles have specific physicochemical properties different to bulk materials of the same composition and such properties make them very attractive for commercial and medical applications. Mucoadhesive nanoparticulate dosage forms are designed to enable prolonged retention of these nanoparticles at the site of application, providing a controlled drug release for improved therapeutic outcome. Moreover, drug delivery across the mucosa bypasses the first-pass hepatic metabolism and avoids the degradation by gastrointestinal enzymes. However, like most new technologies, there is a rising debate concerning the possible transmucosal side effects resulting from the use of particles at the nano level. In fact, these nanoparticles on entering the body, deposit in several organs and may cause adverse biological reactions by modifying the physiochemical properties of living matter. Several investigators have found nanoparticles responsible for toxicity in different organs. In addition, the toxicity of nanoparticles also depends on whether they are persistent or cleared from the different organs of entry and whether the host can raise an effective response to sequester or dispose of the particles. In contrast to many efforts aimed at exploiting desirable properties of nanoparticles for medicine, there are limited attempts to evaluate potentially undesirable effects of these particles when administered intentionally for medical purposes. This chapter focuses on the overview of the mucosal systems, fate of nanoparticles, mechanism of nanoparticle's toxicity and the various toxicity issues associated with nanoparticles through mucosal routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Talkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Sagar Dhoble
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Anuradha Majumdar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India.
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Jelvehgari M, Valizadeh H, Ziapour S, Rahmani M, Montazam SH, Soltani S. Comparative Study of Different Combinational Mucoadhesive Formulations of Sumatriptan-Metoclopramide. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:119-30. [PMID: 27123427 PMCID: PMC4845549 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sumatriptan succinate (Sum) is a Serotonin 5- HT1 receptor agonist, used in the treatment of migraine. It is absorbed rapidly but incompletely when taken orally and underwent first - pass metabolism, resulting in a low bioavailability of about 15%. The aim was to design mucoadhesive buccal discs and sublingual films of Sum and metoclopramide (Met) combined to improve their bioavailability. METHODS In the current study, the microparticles and films were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion (ESD) and solvent casting methods, respectively. Buccal-mucoadhesive microparticles and films with different drug to polymer ratios were prepared and characterized by encapsulation efficiency, particle size, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetric), folding endurance, mucoadhesive property and drug release studies. RESULTS The best drug/s to polymer ratios in films and microparticles were 1:2.7:8 (SM2) and 1:4:6 (SM4), respectively. The film of SM2 showed 11.01 mg weight, 123 µm thickness and 300 folding endurance. The production yield was 107.33% for SM4 microparticles, 323.59 µm for mean particle size and 94.53% for loading efficiency (for Sum) and 104.18% (for Met). The DSC showed no stable characteristic of Sum and Met in the drug loaded films/discs and revealed amorphous form and transition of hydrate to anhydrous form for Met. The films exhibited very good mucoadhesive properties and shorter retention time (15-30 s) in comparison with the discs (130 min). The results showed that the discs prepared had slower release than the films (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Films and discs of Sum-Met combinations were successfully prepared with improved release and mucoadhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Jelvehgari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Ziapour
- Biotechnology Research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Rahmani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saieede Soltani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sahni J, Raj S, Ahmad FJ, Khar RK. Design and in vitro characterization of buccoadhesive drug delivery system of insulin. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:61-5. [PMID: 20390082 PMCID: PMC2852063 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.40333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 12/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A buccoadhesive drug delivery system of Insulin was prepared by solvent casting technique and characterized in vitro by surface pH, bioadhesive strength, drug release and skin permeation studies. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose-DVP was chosen as the controlled release matrix polymer. The optimized formulation J4 contained Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose-DVP 2% (w/v), insulin (50 IU/film), propylene glycol (0.25 ml) and Isopropyl alcohol: water (1:4) as solvent system. Bioadhesive strength of the prepared patches was measured on a modified physical balance using bovine cheek pouch as the model membrane. In vitro release studies were carried out at 37 ± 2° using phosphate buffer pH 6.6, in a modified dissolution apparatus fabricated for the purpose. Cumulative amount of drug released from the optimized formulation J4 was 91.64% in 6 hours. In vitro permeation studies were carried out on J4 at 37 ± 2° using Franz diffusion cell. Cumulative amount of drug permeated from J4 was 6.63% in 6 hours. In order to enhance the permeation of protein drug, different permeation enhancers were evaluated. The results suggested that sodium deoxycholate 5% (w/v) was the best permeation enhancer among those evaluated. It enhanced the permeation of insulin from 6.63% to 10.38% over a period of 6 hours. The optimized patches were also satisfactory in terms of surface pH and bioadhesive strength. It can also be easily concluded that the system is a success as compared to the conventional formulations with respect to invasiveness, requirement of trained persons for administration and most importantly, the first pass metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sahni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi - 110062, India
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