1
|
Zhang W, Qin L, Cai X, Juma SN, Xu R, Wei L, Wu Y, Cui X, Chen G, Liu L, Lv Z, Jiang X. Sequence structure character of IgNAR Sec in whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 102:140-144. [PMID: 32311460 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) is a demersal cartilaginous fish with an adaptive immune system founded upon immunoglobulins. In this manuscript, we characterize the IgNAR of the whitespotted bamboo shark. A newly discovered alternative splicing form of IgNAR Sec (IgNARshort (ΔC2-C3) Sec) was identified, in which the C1 domain was spliced directly to the C4 domain, the process resulted in a molecule containing three constant domains. However, a single unpaired cysteine remains in the highly flexible hinge region, contributing in the formation of an interchain disulfide bond. Two types of C1 domain were found, and the one lacking a short α-helix showed lower proportion. This finding suggests that short α-helices might be important to the stability of IgNAR. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the percentage of VNAR types significantly vary between the diverse species of sharks. The variable region of IgNAR (the VNAR) with small size and stabilization is a potential candidate for immunotherapeutic agents. The structure and stability analysis in this manuscript may be useful in future biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Lanyi Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xinyi Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Salma Nassor Juma
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Rong Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Ling Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Yixin Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xuan Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Guiqian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Lili Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Zhengbing Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Teng Y, Young JL, Edwards B, Hayes P, Thompson L, Johnston C, Edwards C, Sanders Y, Writer M, Pinto D, Zhang Y, Roode M, Chovanec P, Matheson L, Corcoran AE, Fernandez A, Montoliu L, Rossi B, Tosato V, Gjuracic K, Nikitin D, Bruschi C, McGuinness B, Sandal T, Romanos M. Diverse human V H antibody fragments with bio-therapeutic properties from the Crescendo Mouse. N Biotechnol 2019; 55:65-76. [PMID: 31600579 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the 'Crescendo Mouse', a human VH transgenic platform combining an engineered heavy chain locus with diverse human heavy chain V, D and J genes, a modified mouse Cγ1 gene and complete 3' regulatory region, in a triple knock-out (TKO) mouse background devoid of endogenous immunoglobulin expression. The addition of the engineered heavy chain locus to the TKO mouse restored B cell development, giving rise to functional B cells that responded to immunization with a diverse response that comprised entirely 'heavy chain only' antibodies. Heavy chain variable (VH) domain libraries were rapidly mined using phage display technology, yielding diverse high-affinity human VH that had undergone somatic hypermutation, lacked aggregation and showed enhanced expression in E. coli. The Crescendo Mouse produces human VH fragments, or Humabody® VH, with excellent bio-therapeutic potential, as exemplified here by the generation of antagonistic Humabody® VH specific for human IL17A and IL17RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Teng
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Joyce L Young
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Bryan Edwards
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Philip Hayes
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Lorraine Thompson
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Colette Johnston
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Carolyn Edwards
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Yun Sanders
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Michele Writer
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Debora Pinto
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Yanjing Zhang
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Mila Roode
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Peter Chovanec
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Louise Matheson
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Anne E Corcoran
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Almudena Fernandez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC) & CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis Montoliu
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC) & CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatrice Rossi
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Tosato
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kresimir Gjuracic
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Dmitri Nikitin
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Bruschi
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Brian McGuinness
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Thomas Sandal
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Mike Romanos
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsushima D, Tsushima T, Sano T. Molecular dissection of a dahlia isolate of potato spindle tuber viroid inciting a mild symptoms in tomato. Virus Res 2015; 214:11-8. [PMID: 26732488 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The dahlia isolate of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) accumulates slowly and induces mild disease symptoms in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, cv. Rutgers) plants in contrast to the intermediate isolate (PSTVd-I). The dahlia isolate (PSTVd-D) differs from PSTVd-I in eight locations: 42 and 43 in the terminal left (TL); 64/65, 311, and 312/313 in the pathogenicity (P); 118 and 126 in the variable (V); and 201 in the terminal right (TR) domains. To investigate the molecular determinants in the PSTVd-D genome responsible for the attenuation of symptom severity and lower replication/accumulation in tomato plants, a series of mutants between PSTVd-D and PSTVd-I were constructed by focusing first on the mutations in the TL and P domains in the left-hand half of the molecule. Then, more detailed analysis was performed on the three mutations at positions 118, 126, and 201 in the V and TR domains. One of these mutations is located around the boundary of the right border of the RY-motif, a predicted recognition site of Virp1, a viroid-binding protein. Of 14 mutants (seven based on PSTVd-D and the other seven based on PSTVd-I) examined, 11 propagated stably and three lost infectivity. Mutations in the TL and P domains (42U, 43C, 310U/C, and U or UU insertion to 311/312 in PSTVd mild types) majorly influenced the expression of mild-like symptoms. In contrast, when each of the mutations at 118, 126, and 201 in the V and TR domains were exchanged independently, they minimally influenced systemic accumulation and symptom expression. Mutants based on PSTVd-D with PSTVd-I-type mutations at nucleotide positions 118, 126, and/or 201 showed mild symptoms similar to PSTVd-D, but their systemic accumulation was a little faster than PSTVd-D. In contrast, mutants based on PSTVd-I with PSTVd-D-type mutations at 118, 126, and/or 201 nucleotide positions showed severe symptoms similar to PSTVd-I, and the systemic accumulation was similar to or a little slower than PSTVd-I. The nucleotide at position 201 could be changed to U, G, or A, but C was not acceptable for replication. Because introduction of C at the position 201 can change the loop structure at the right boundary of the RY-motif's consensus sequence, the loop structure may influence recognition by Virp1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Tsushima
- Department of Bio-resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; Union Graduate school of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Taro Tsushima
- Department of Bio-resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Teruo Sano
- Department of Bio-resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eryilmaz E, Janda A, Kim J, Cordero RJ, Cowburn D, Casadevall A. Global structures of IgG isotypes expressing identical variable regions. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:588-98. [PMID: 23911417 PMCID: PMC3864969 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Until relatively recently the immunoglobulin molecule was viewed as composed of two independent domains comprised of the variable (V) and constant (C) regions. However, recent work has established that the C region mediates allosteric changes in the V region that can influence specificity and affinity. To further explore cross-domain interrelationship in murine IgG structure we carried out solution small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements for four V region identical IgG isotypes. SAXS analysis revealed elongated Y-shaped structures in solution with significantly different, isotype-dependent domain orientations. To further explore local C region effects on the V region, the IgG₃ Fab crystal structure from the same family was determined to 2.45 Å resolution. The IgG₃ Fab crystal structure differs from a closely related previously solved IgG1 Fab revealing significant structural differences, which may account for isotype-related specificity differences in V region identical Abs. Among the four murine isotypes, IgG₃ was the most different in solution with regards to overall structure as well as aggregate formation in solution suggesting that the greater apparent affinity of this isotype resulted from polyvalent complexes with enhanced avidity. Our results provide additional evidence that Ig V and C domains influence each other structurally and suggest that V region structure can have significant effects on overall Ig structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ertan Eryilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Alena Janda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jungwook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Radames J.B. Cordero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Cowburn
- Department of Biochemistry, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| |
Collapse
|