1
|
Dučić I, Herceg Romanić S, Mustać B, Mendaš G, Đinović-Stojanović J, Popović A, Jovanović G. Efficiency of clustering methods and self-organizing maps of Adriatic sardines and anchovies regarding organochlorine and fatty acid burden. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33235-8. [PMID: 38605274 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The Adriatic Sea plays a crucial role as both a significant fishing ground and a thriving trading market for small pelagic edible fish. Recognized for their nutritional value, these fish are esteemed for their high protein content and abundance of polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, making them a sought-after and healthful food choice. Nevertheless, pelagic species can also serve as a reservoir for lipophilic organochlorine pollutants, posing potential risks to human health. In this study, we compared traditional classification methods traditional principal component analysis (PCA) and Ward's clustering with an advanced self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm in determining distribution patterns of 24 organochlorines and 19 fatty acids in sardine and anchovy samples taken from the eastern Adriatic. The outcomes reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the three approaches (PCA, Ward's clustering, and SOM). However, it is evident that SOM has proven to be the most effective in offering detailed information and data visualization. Although sardines and anchovies exhibit similar distribution patterns for p,p'-DDE, PCB-28, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-118, and PCB-170, they differ in the concentrations of fatty acids such as stearic, palmitic, myristic, oleic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acid. Our findings supply valuable insights for environmental authorities and fish consumers concerning the potential risks associated with organochlorines in these two types of fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Dučić
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|