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Mendaš G, Jakovljević I, Romanić SH, Fingler S, Jovanović G, Sarić MM, Pehnec G, Popović A, Stanković D. Presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and persistent organochlorine pollutants in human Milk: Evaluating their levels, association with Total antioxidant capacity, and risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 2024:172911. [PMID: 38705305 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Breastfeeding provides numerous health benefits for both infants and mothers, promoting optimal growth and development while offering protection against various illnesses and diseases. This study investigated the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in human milk sampled in Zadar (Croatia). The primary objectives were twofold: firstly, to evaluate the individual impact of each compound on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) value, and secondly, to assess associated health risks. Notably, this study presents pioneering and preliminary insights into PAH levels in Croatian human milk, contributing to the limited research on PAH in breast milk worldwide. PCB and OCP levels in Croatian human milk were found to be relatively lower compared to worldwide data. Conversely, PAH levels were comparatively higher, albeit with lower detection frequencies. A negative correlation was established between organic contaminant levels and antioxidative capacity, suggesting a potential link between higher antioxidative potential and lower organic contaminant levels. Diagnostic ratio pointed towards traffic emissions as the primary source of the detected PAH. The presence of PAH suggests potential health risk, underscoring the need for further in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jakovljević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Pehnec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dalibor Stanković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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Dučić I, Herceg Romanić S, Mustać B, Mendaš G, Đinović-Stojanović J, Popović A, Jovanović G. Efficiency of clustering methods and self-organizing maps of Adriatic sardines and anchovies regarding organochlorine and fatty acid burden. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33235-8. [PMID: 38605274 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The Adriatic Sea plays a crucial role as both a significant fishing ground and a thriving trading market for small pelagic edible fish. Recognized for their nutritional value, these fish are esteemed for their high protein content and abundance of polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, making them a sought-after and healthful food choice. Nevertheless, pelagic species can also serve as a reservoir for lipophilic organochlorine pollutants, posing potential risks to human health. In this study, we compared traditional classification methods traditional principal component analysis (PCA) and Ward's clustering with an advanced self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm in determining distribution patterns of 24 organochlorines and 19 fatty acids in sardine and anchovy samples taken from the eastern Adriatic. The outcomes reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the three approaches (PCA, Ward's clustering, and SOM). However, it is evident that SOM has proven to be the most effective in offering detailed information and data visualization. Although sardines and anchovies exhibit similar distribution patterns for p,p'-DDE, PCB-28, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-118, and PCB-170, they differ in the concentrations of fatty acids such as stearic, palmitic, myristic, oleic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acid. Our findings supply valuable insights for environmental authorities and fish consumers concerning the potential risks associated with organochlorines in these two types of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Dučić
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Herceg Romanić S, Mendaš G, Fingler S, Drevenkar V, Mustać B, Jovanović G. Polychlorinated biphenyls in mussels, small pelagic fish, tuna, turtles, and dolphins from the Croatian Adriatic Sea waters: an overview of the last two decades of monitoring. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2024; 75:15-23. [PMID: 38548374 PMCID: PMC10978161 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarises our two decades of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) monitoring in different marine organisms along the eastern Adriatic Sea. The aim was to gain an insight into the trends of PCB distribution in order to evaluate the effectiveness of past and current legislation and suggest further action. Here we mainly focus on PCB levels in wild and farmed Mediterranean mussels, wild and farmed bluefin tuna, loggerhead sea turtles, common bottlenose dolphins, and small pelagic fish. The use of artificial intelligence and advanced statistics enabled an insight into the influence of various variables on the uptake of PCBs in the investigated organisms as well as into their mutual dependence. Our findings suggest that PCBs in small pelagic fish and mussels reflect global pollution and that high levels in dolphins and wild tuna tissues raise particular concern, as they confirm their biomagnification up the food chain. Therefore, the ongoing PCB monitoring should focus on predatory species in particular to help us better understand PCB contamination in marine ecosystems in our efforts to protect the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlasta Drevenkar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- University of Zadar, Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, Belgrade, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
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Herceg Romanić S, Jaćimović N, Mendaš G, Fingler S, Stipičević S, Jakšić G, Popović A, Jovanović G. Bedload sediment transport model for revealing the multi-year trend of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination in the river sediment (Kupa, Croatia). Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:8473-8487. [PMID: 37639040 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
This article investigated the multi-year polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) burden of the sediment collected along the Kupa River flow in Croatia using the bedload sediment transport model. Kupa, as the natural border between Croatia and Slovenia, belongs to the water system Krupa (Slovenia) → Lahinja (Slovenia) → Kupa (Croatia) → Sava → Danube → Black Sea. From 1962 to 1985, the total quantity of waste calculated for pure PCBs, released by a capacitor manufacturer into the environment within various locations of the Krupa River in Slovenia, was 70 tons. Krupa River (Slovenia) has become one of the most PCB-polluted rivers in Europe, and consequently, PCBs have been detected in the Kupa River (Croatia). Model application revealed that contamination of the Kupa River (Croatia) started significantly earlier than 1983, when a high concentration of PCB was detected for the first time in the Krupa River (Slovenia), with probably significantly higher sediment concentrations at the upstream boundary of the Kupa. A slow concentration changes and PCB accumulation in the sediment should be expected downstream compared to the upstream boundary, governed mainly by high flow events. The PCBs in sediments from 2020/2021 are markedly different after the Lahinja confluence with Kupa (0.2-0.6 μg kg-1 vs. 1.4-34.3 μg kg-1). Measurements of PCBs in Kupa sediment suggest that the intake of PCB has not yet been completely stopped, which should be confirmed by detailed monitoring in the future. The contamination situation observed in the Kupa River represents an excellent example of the persistency of PCBs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nenad Jaćimović
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Stipičević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Jakšić
- Aquatika - Karlovac Freshwater Aquarium Public Institute, Ulica Branka Čavlovića Čavleka 1/A, 47000, Karlovac, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mendaš G, Milićević T, Fingler S, Drevenkar V, Romanić SH, Popović A, Relić D. Human health risk assessment based on direct and indirect exposure to endocrine disrupting herbicides in drinking, ground, and surface water in Croatia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:106330-106341. [PMID: 37726632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of certain herbicides as endocrine disrupting compounds has raised concerns due to their ability to interfere with the normal functioning of the endocrine system, which regulates various physiological processes in organisms. The objective of this study was to assess the possible human health risks associated with terbuthylazine and endocrine-disrupting herbicides atrazine, acetochlor, and metolachlor in the drinking, surface, and groundwater of the Zagreb city region, Croatia. We relied on advanced statistical methods and principal component analysis (PCA), which revealed higher levels of atrazine and acetochlor in drinking and groundwater samples and higher presence of metolachlor and terbuthylazine in surface waters. To evaluate the danger to human health, various exposure scenarios have been assessed. The risk of direct human exposure to analyzed herbicides through drinking or bathing with drinking (tap) or groundwater, as well as from recreational activities like swimming in rivers, streams, and lakes, has been quantified. In addition to these direct exposure scenarios, indirect ones based on consumer goods, fruits, and vegetables, treated with surface and groundwater for irrigation, were assessed to investigate the danger to human health. Judging by the reported herbicide levels there was no significant risk of carcinogenic (CR ≤ 1 × 10-6) or non-carcinogenic (HI < 1) diseases, not even when we assessed the so-called "cocktail effect" of combined the herbicide exposure in different waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlasta Drevenkar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Relić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Herceg Romanić S, Milićević T, Jovanović G, Matek Sarić M, Mendaš G, Fingler S, Jakšić G, Popović A, Relić D. Persistent organic pollutants in Croatian breast milk: An overview of pollutant levels and infant health risk assessment from 1976 to the present. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113990. [PMID: 37597765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
This review article summarizes our research of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human milk from Croatian mothers over the last few decades. Our studies make up the bulk of all POPs research in human milk in Croatia and show a state-of-the art in the research area. The first investigations were made in 1970's. Aim of our review article is to document the comprehensive results over several decades as the best tool to: 1.) contribute to understanding of POPs and their potential health risks, 2.) evaluate effectiveness of legislative bans and restrictions on human exposure to POPs in Croatia, and 3.) to suggest further actions. In our review we discuss: 1.) Human milk between 2011 and 2014 - evaluation of interrelations of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in human milk and their association with the mother's age and parity using artificial intelligence methods; and our yet unpublished research data on health risks for infants assessed through daily PCB and OCP intake. 2.) Time trends of PCB and OCP in human milk between 1976 and 2014. 3.) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) in human milk in 2000., and yet unpublished data on PCDD/F and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Jakšić
- Aquatika-Freshwater Aquarium Karlovac, Ulica Branka Čavlovića Čavleka 1/A, 47000, Karlovac, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Relić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Stojić A, Jovanović G, Stanišić S, Romanić SH, Šoštarić A, Udovičić V, Perišić M, Milićević T. The PM 2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon behavior in indoor and outdoor environments, part II: Explainable prediction of benzo[a]pyrene levels. Chemosphere 2022; 289:133154. [PMID: 34871609 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) has been considered more relevant than other species when estimating the potential exposure-related health effects and has been recognized as a marker of carcinogenic potency of air pollutant mixture. The current understanding of the factors which govern non-linear behavior of B[a]P and associated pollutants and environmental processes is insufficient and further research has to rely on the advanced analytical approach which averts the assumptions and avoids simplifications required by linear modeling methods. For the purpose of this study, we employed eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) attribution method, and SHAP value fuzzy clustering to investigate the concentrations of inorganic gaseous pollutants, radon, PM2.5 and particle constituents including trace metals, ions, 16 US EPA priority PM2.5-bound PAHs and 31 meteorological variables, as key factors which shape indoor and outdoor PM2.5-bound B[a]P distribution in a university building located in the urban area of Belgrade (Serbia). According to the results, the indoor and outdoor B[a]P levels were shown to be highly correlated and mostly influenced by the concentrations of Chry, B[b]F, CO, B[a]A, I[cd]P, B[k]F, Flt, D[ah]A, Pyr, B[ghi]P, Cr, As, and PM2.5 in both indoor and outdoor environments. Besides, high B[a]P concentration events were recorded during the periods of low ambient temperature (<12 °C), unstable weather conditions with precipitation and increased soil humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Stojić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Stanišić
- Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 2 Ksaverska Cesta Street, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrej Šoštarić
- Institute of Public Health Belgrade, 54 Despota Stefana Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Udovičić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Perišić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Milićević T, Romanić SH, Popović A, Mustać B, Đinović-Stojanović J, Jovanović G, Relić D. Human health risks and benefits assessment based on OCPs, PCBs, toxic elements and fatty acids in the pelagic fish species from the Adriatic Sea. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132068. [PMID: 34481169 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benefits and risks of the fish consumption should be assessed to balance the ingestion of healthy omega-3 fatty acids and adverse chemicals. Persistent organic pollutants-POPs (organochlorine pesticides-OCPs and polychlorinated biphenyls-PCB), macro- and micro-elements and fatty acid contents were determined in six fish species from the Adriatic Sea to assess health risks for consumers (worst-case scenario, diseases development risks and benefit-risk). 16 element, 24 POPs and 14 fatty acid contents were determined in six pelagic species which can be used in human diet. Element concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), POPs by high-resolution gas chromatography and fatty acid content by gas-liquid chromatography. Diet based on chub mackerel and round sardinella showed lower daily intake (DI) of POPs and highest DI of essential omega-3 fatty acids than other investigated species. Lower ingestion of toxic elements can be observed by consuming anchovy and round sardinella. Based on POP concentrations, there was not observed non-carcinogenic (HI) nor carcinogenic (CR) risks for consumers. Based on element concentrations, there was low HI (0.1 ≥ HI ≥ 1), while the maximum HIs and outlier values (horse mackerel and anchovy samples) implied the presence of HI (HI > 1). The most significant contributor to total non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks was inorganic arsenic (inorganic As). Acceptable CR for consumers was assessed, but maximum CR for consumers of horse mackerel and anchovy (CR ≥ 1 × 10-6) showed adverse effects on human health. There were low HIs for developing cardiovascular, nervous, and reproductive diseases, and maximum HIs were higher than 1. Acceptable (1 × 10-4≥CR ≥ 1 × 10-6) risks were observed for developing cancer of nervous system and reproductive organs. Among investigated fish samples, those with higher ƩBR (benefit-risks) and BR for arsenic (As) than median value have a higher risk than benefits in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Milićević
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000, Zadar, Croatia
| | | | - Gordana Jovanović
- Environmental Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Relić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Herceg Romanić S, Jovanović G, Mustać B, Stojanović-Đinović J, Stojić A, Čadež T, Popović A. Fatty acids, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements in small pelagic fish from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 170:112654. [PMID: 34186446 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) composition, 24 persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and 16 trace elements were examined in small pelagic fish (sardine, anchovy, round sardinella, chub and horse mackerels) caught by a fishing fleet for more than three years in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Five Unmix source profiles associated with both sources, such as overlapping diet, including low-niche marine organisms and inputs from the surrounding environmental compartments were resolved. Inorganic compounds were notably more abundant in fish tissue than organochlorine xenobiotics. Comparison with the values of toxicological parameters revealed that the examined fish species are safe for human consumption, while the content of FAs emphasized the studied species as a valuable source of nutrients. A significant linear correlation was not observed between the 18 FAs and lipophilic organochlorines. Based on the obtained database, future assessments of the quality of edible fish species and the aquatic environment of the eastern Mediterranean Sea, which is known as an important fishing ground, could be significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- Department of ecology, agronomy and aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | | | - Andreja Stojić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tena Čadež
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Stanišić S, Perišić M, Jovanović G, Milićević T, Romanić SH, Jovanović A, Šoštarić A, Udovičić V, Stojić A. The PM 2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon behavior in indoor and outdoor environments, part I: Emission sources. Environ Res 2021; 193:110520. [PMID: 33259787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The previous research, aimed at exploring the relationships between the indoor and outdoor air quality, has evidenced that outdoor PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) levels exhibit significant daily and seasonal variations which does not necessary corresponds with PAH indoor dynamics. For the purpose of this study, a three-month measurement campaign was performed simultaneously at indoor and outdoor sampling sites of a university building in an urban area of Belgrade (Serbia), during which the concentrations of O3, CO, SO2, NOx, radon, PM2.5 and particle constituents including trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb), ions (Cl-, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, NO3-, SO42- and NH4+) and 16 US EPA priority PAHs were determined. Additionally, the analysis included 31 meteorological parameters, out of which 24 were obtained from Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS1) database. The Unmix and PAH diagnostic ratios analysis resolved the source profiles for both indoor and outdoor environment, which are comparable in terms of their apportionments and pollutant shares, although it should be emphasized that ratio-implied solutions should be taken with caution since these values do not reflect emission sources only. The highest contributions to air quality were attributed to sources identified as coal combustion and related pyrogenic processes. Noticeable correlations were observed between 5- and 6-ring high molecular weight PAHs, but, except for CO, no significant linear dependencies with other investigated variables were identified. The PAH level predictions in the indoor and outdoor environment was performed by using machine learning XGBoost method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Stanišić
- Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Mirjana Perišić
- Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia; Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia; Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 2 Ksaverska Cesta Street, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Aleksandar Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andrej Šoštarić
- Institute of Public Health Belgrade, 54 Despota Stefana Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Udovičić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andreja Stojić
- Singidunum University, 32 Danijelova Street, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia; Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 118 Pregrevica Street, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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11
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Mendaš G, Herceg Romanić S, Jovanović G, Aničić Urošević M, Ilić M, Milićević T, Popović A. Organochlorines burden in moss H. cupressiforme and topsoil across Serbia. Environ Geochem Health 2021; 43:273-283. [PMID: 32892288 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Following up-to-date initiatives of the Stockholm Convention, its global monitoring plan, and the International Cooperative Programme on Natural Vegetation and Crops (ICP Vegetation 2015) under the convention on long-range transboundary air pollution, this study examined 17 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and seven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. and topsoil sampled across Serbia. In the topsoil, OCPs ranged from 0.0158 to 9.6804 ng g-1 while concentrations of individual PCB congeners were in the range between 0.0185 and 0.3107 ng g-1. The levels of OCPs and PCBs in the moss H. cupressiforme ranged from 2.7785 to 23.9501 ng g-1, and from 0.4325 to 15.8013 ng g-1, respectively. POP relationships between topsoil and moss investigated by fugacity model equations indicated that the moss POP enrichment was a result of atmospheric long-range transport rather than secondary reemissions from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia.
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Mira Aničić Urošević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia
| | - Miloš Ilić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Tijana Milićević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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12
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Klinčić D, Herceg Romanić S, Katalinić M, Zandona A, Čadež T, Matek Sarić M, Šarić T, Aćimov D. Persistent organic pollutants in tissues of farmed tuna from the Adriatic Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 158:111413. [PMID: 32753197 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the levels and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides in three tissue types of farmed Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus): muscle, liver and branchiae. Seven adult species were caught in 2015 at a tuna farm in the Croatian Adriatic. The organochlorine compound levels decreased in the following order: liver > muscle > branchiae while contaminant distribution in all three tissues followed the same order: ΣPCB ≫ ΣDDT > ΣHCH ~ HCB. The found POP levels indicated moderate pollution of farmed tuna and were below all limits set by current laws. Furthermore, no cytotoxic effect of the POP mixture extracted from tuna liver samples on human neuroblastoma cells was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Zandona
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tena Čadež
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- University of Zadar, Department of Health Studies, Splitska 1, 23 000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Šarić
- University of Zadar, Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23 000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Dejan Aćimov
- Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate of Fisheries, Alexandera von Humboldta 4b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Klinčić D, Herceg Romanić S, Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Tičina V. Legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in archive samples of wild Bluefin tuna from the Mediterranean Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 155:111086. [PMID: 32469755 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantified in archive samples of dorsal white muscle of the wild Bluefin tuna (BFT) (n = 9) collected in the central Adriatic. PCBs were the predominant organochlorine (OC) compounds (60.8-69.4% of the total OC load) found. The contribution of HCB and ΣHCHs was significantly lower, ranging from <LOD (α- and β-HCH) to 1.5% (γ-HCH). p,p'-DDE was the predominant OCP compound (60-89% of the ΣOCPs). PCB and DDT levels were comparable to the values previously found for tuna from the Mediterranean Sea, known as one of the areas most polluted by PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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14
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Klinčić D, Dvoršćak M, Jagić K, Mendaš G, Herceg Romanić S. Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in humans and environmental compartments: a comprehensive review of the last five years of research. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:5744-5758. [PMID: 31933075 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), present in the environment, animals, and humans. Their levels, distribution, and human exposure have been studied extensively, and over the last decade, various legal measures have been taken to prohibit or minimize their production and use due to the increasing amount of evidence of their harmful effects on human and animal health.Our aim here was to make a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the levels and distribution of PBDEs in the aquatic environment, air, and soil, in indoor dust, and in humans. To fulfill this, we searched through Web of Science for literature data reported in the last five years (2015-2019) on levels of at least six key PBDE congeners in abovementioned matrices. According to our summarized data, significant PBDE mass concentrations/fractions are still being detected in various sample types across the world, which implies that PBDE contamination is an ongoing problem. Secondary sources of PBDEs like contaminated soils and landfills, especially those with electronic and electrical waste (e-waste), represent a particular risk to the future and therefore require a special attention of scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Dvoršćak
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Karla Jagić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Mendaš
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001, Zagreb, Croatia
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15
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Šimić I, Jovanović G, Herceg Romanić S, Klinčić D, Matek Sarić M, Popović A. Optimization of Gas Chromatography-electron Ionization-tandem Mass Spectrometry for Determining Toxic Non- ortho Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Breast Milk. Biomed Environ Sci 2020; 33:58-61. [PMID: 32029060 DOI: 10.3967/bes2020.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Šimić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Jovanović G, Romanić SH, Stojić A, Klinčić D, Sarić MM, Letinić JG, Popović A. Introducing of modeling techniques in the research of POPs in breast milk - A pilot study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 172:341-347. [PMID: 30721878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study used advanced statistical and machine learning methods to investigate organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in breast milk, assuming that in a complex biological mixture, the pollutants emitted from the same source or with similar properties are statistically interrelated and possibly exhibit non-linear dynamics. The elaborated analyses such as Unmix source apportionment characterized individual source groups, while guided regularized random forest indicated the pollutant dependence on the ortho-chlorine atom attached to the congener's phenyl ring and mother's age. Mutual associations among PCBs were further discussed, but the results implied they were mostly not related to child delivery. PCB congeners -153, -180, -170, -118, -156, -105, and -138 appeared to be compounds of the outmost importance for mutual prediction with reference to their interrelations regarding chemical structure and metabolic processes in the mother's body. Finally, machine learning methods, which provided prediction relative errors lower than 30% and correlation coefficients higher than 0.90, suggested a possible strong non-linear relationship among the pollutants and consequently, the complexity of their pathways in the breast milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Jovanović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Stojić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
| | | | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Vuković G, Herceg Romanić S, Babić Ž, Mustać B, Štrbac M, Deljanin I, Antanasijević D. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in edible fish species from different fishing zones of Croatian Adriatic. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 137:71-80. [PMID: 30503488 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High-risk contaminants, OCPs and PCBs, were investigated in marine fish from the Adriatic Sea, from which retail fish in Croatia is commonly sourced. The pollutant levels in sardine, horse and chub mackerel, anchovy and round sardinella were analysed based on a two-year sampling and the joint use of generally accepted statistics and advanced clustering methods - self-organizing maps (SOM) and decision tree analysis (DT). Both the SOM and DT suggested fish mass and length rather than fat along with α-HCH, p,p'-DDT, PCB-74 and PCB-189 to cause variable pollutant uptake among species. Main distinctions of sardines occur in coastal and off coast regions rather than in a particular fishing zone and they are associated with both fish characteristics, levels of γ-HCH and PCBs: -60, -105, -150, -170, and -189. The results, mutually compatible or in agreement, could be useful for the design and implementation of the abatement strategies of fish pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Vuković
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, a National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Željka Babić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Bosiljka Mustać
- Department of ecology, agronomy and aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
| | - Mirna Štrbac
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Isidora Deljanin
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Davor Antanasijević
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Herceg Romanić S, Bituh T, Kašuba V, Brčić Karačonji I, Brajenović N, Franulović I, Jurasović J, Klinčić D, Kopjar N, Marović G, Milić M, Orct T, Sekovanić A, Želježić D. Assessment of multiple anthropogenic contaminants and their potential genotoxicity in the aquatic environment of Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:694. [PMID: 30382413 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of anthropogenic pollution on the aquatic environment of Plitvice Lakes National Park (PLNP) was investigated during 2011-2012 using a combination of chemical and cytogenetic analyses. Four groups of major contaminants [(volatile organic compounds: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX); persistent organochlorine pollutants: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); major and trace elements; anthropogenic radionuclides (90Sr, 134Cs, and 137Cs)] were determined in three aquatic compartments (water, sediment, fish). Mass fractions of inorganic constituents in different compartments reflected the geological background of the area, indicating their origin from predominantly natural sources. Levels of volatile and persistent organic compounds in water and fish, respectively, were very low, at levels typical for remote pristine areas. Analysis of anthropogenic radionuclides in water and sediment revealed elevated activity concentrations of 137Cs in water, and measurable 134Cs in the upper sediment layers from April 2011, possibly as a consequence of the Fukushima nuclear accident in March 2011. The potential genotoxicity of river and lake water and lake sediment was assessed under laboratory conditions using the alkaline comet assay on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and measured levels of primary DNA damage were within acceptable boundaries. The results showed that despite the protected status of the park, anthropogenic impact exists in both its terrestrial and aquatic components. Although contaminant levels were low, further monitoring is recommended to make sure that they will not rise and cause potentially hazardous anthropogenic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Kljaković-Gašpić
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tomislav Bituh
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vilena Kašuba
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Brčić Karačonji
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Brajenović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Franulović
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nevenka Kopjar
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Marović
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ankica Sekovanić
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Želježić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Romanić SH, Vuković G, Klinčić D, Sarić MM, Župan I, Antanasijević D, Popović A. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Cyprinidae fish: Towards hints of their arrangements using advanced classification methods. Environ Res 2018; 165:349-357. [PMID: 29783084 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To tackle the ever-present global concern regarding human exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) via food products, this study strived to indicate associations between organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in lake-fish tissue depending on the species and sampling season. Apart from the monitoring initiatives recommended in the Global Monitoring Plan for POPs, the study discussed 7 OCPs and 18 PCB congeners determined in three Cyprinidae species (rudd, carp, and Prussian carp) from Vransko Lake (Croatia), which are widely domesticated and reared as food fish across Europe and Asia. We exploit advanced classification algorithms, the Kohonen self-organizing maps (SOM) and Decision Trees (DT), to search for POP patterns typical for the investigated species. As indicated by SOM, some of the dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs (PCB-28, PCB-74, PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-105, PCB-114, PCB-118, PCB-156 and PCB-157), α-HCH and β-HCH caused dissimilarities among fish species, but regardless of their weight and length. To support these suggestions, DT analysis sequenced the fish species and seasons based on the concentration of heavier congeners. The presented assumptions indicated that the supplemental application of SOM and DT offers advantageous features over the usually rough interpretation of POPs pattern and over the single use of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Gordana Vuković
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, a National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Župan
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
| | - Davor Antanasijević
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandar Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Romanić SH, Vuković G, Klinčić D, Antanasijević D. Self-organizing maps for indications of airborne polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) dependence on spatial and meteorological parameters. Sci Total Environ 2018; 628-629:198-205. [PMID: 29432931 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the relation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in air samples with meteorological parameters (temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity) using the Kohonen self-organizing map (SOM). Both gas- and particle-adsorbed phase of 20 PCB congeners and 7 OCPs including the three new ones (α-HCH, β-HCH, and γ-HCH) listed in the Stockholm Convention were collected during a one-year period at urban locations in Zagreb (Croatia). Moving beyond existing studies, the SOM analysis showed that the meteorological characteristics of transient seasons such as spring had no influence on the dissimilarities in the behavior of PCBs and OCPs. Towards the identification of pollutant spatial patterns, the SOM did not isolate a clear phenomenon probably due to the absence of local pollution sources contributing to the elevated concentrations of these compounds. Overall, our results have shown that the SOM method, by recognizing significant differences among PCB and OCP seasonality, could be recommended in the analysis of pollutant distribution depending on temperature and atmospheric pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Gordana Vuković
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Davor Antanasijević
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Želježić D, Herceg Romanić S, Klinčić D, Matek Sarić M, Letinić JG. Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Placentas Sampled from Women in Croatia and an Evaluation of Their DNA Damaging Potential In Vitro. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 74:284-291. [PMID: 29318322 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the levels and distribution of 17 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (HCB, α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDT) in placenta samples from women living in the coastal area of Croatia. During November 2012 to February 2013, 51 placenta samples were collected from healthy mothers. This study presents the first report about Croatian placenta samples. Each of the analysed compounds were found in all of the samples; all of the maximum values were < 1 ng g-1 w.w., and the highest median value found for PCB-28 was 11.2 pg g-1 w.w. PCBs and organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) present in placenta samples were tested for their genotoxic potential using the alkaline comet assay. The alkaline comet assay is one of the most reliable methods in assessing the DNA lesions that occurs in direct interaction of a chemical and the genome. The detected levels of PCBs and OCPs in the placenta did not pose a significant risk to the children's DNA during embryonic and foetal growth following short-term exposure. PCB and OCP concentrations in the placenta samples did not induce any significant primary damage to DNA in terms of DNA strand breaks and changes in the primary chemical structure, which could be detected by the alkaline comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Želježić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001, Zagreb, Croatia
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10 001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Matek Sarić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23 000, Zadar, Croatia
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Karačonji IB, Jurič A, Brajenović N, Klinčić D, Romanić SH, Sarić MM. Optimisation of headspace solid phase microextraction for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in human milk samples. Toxicol Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Herceg Romanić S, Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Bituh T, Žužul S, Dvoršćak M, Fingler S, Jurasović J, Klinčić D, Marović G, Orct T, Rinkovec J, Stipičević S. The impact of multiple anthropogenic contaminants on the terrestrial environment of the Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:27. [PMID: 26661963 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-5030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The anthropogenic impact on the terrestrial environment of the Plitvice Lakes National Park (PLNP) was investigated through the analysis of three groups of major contaminants (persistent organochlorine pollutants including 15 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 17 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements/heavy metals (6 major and 23 trace constituents), and anthropogenic radionuclides ((90)Sr, (134)Cs, and (137)Cs)) in three terrestrial compartments (soil, air, and bioindicators of air contamination) during 2011-2013. The correlation coefficients of element mass fractions with soil properties indicated that total Fe and Al minerals, soil organic matter (OM), and organic carbon (OC) content affected the mass fractions of most trace elements in the topsoils. The annual and spatial distributions of heavy metals in total deposited matter (TDM) indicated that the metals came from natural sources and long-range transfer of particulate matter. The PCB and OCP levels found in soil and conifer needles corresponded to global environmental pollution levels by persistent organic pollutants and represented the lower end of the mass fraction ranges reported in the relevant literature. Analyses of anthropogenic radionuclides in bioindicators (conifer needles, lichens, and mosses) showed low but measurable activity concentrations of (134)Cs (for the first time after the Chernobyl accident), which indicated origin from the March 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Our overall results indicated that human activity inside or near the PLNP had no significant impact either on contaminant spread by air or on their content in topsoils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zorana Kljaković-Gašpić
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tomislav Bituh
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silva Žužul
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Dvoršćak
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fingler
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Marović
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Rinkovec
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Stipičević
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
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Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Herceg Romanić S, Klinčić D, Tičina V. Chlorinated compounds in the muscle tissue of fish from the Croatian Adriatic: preliminary data on contamination and the associated health risks / Klorirani spojevi u mišićnom tkivu riba iz istočnog Jadranskog mora: preliminarni podaci o zagađenosti i zdravstvenim rizicima. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2015; 66:299-308. [DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2015-66-2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of 17 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) and seven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in the muscle tissue of 18 commercially important fish species from the eastern Adriatic Sea. PCBs [<LOD-8,866 ng g-1 lipid weight (lw)] accounted for over 66 % of all analysed compounds. Their pattern was dominated by PCB-138 and PCB-153. DDE (14.2-649 ng g-1 lw) was the prevalent DDT isomer in all samples, suggesting no recent DDT input. β-, γ- and α-HCH and HCB were found in less than 50 % of samples. The analysed organic contaminants did not seem to bioaccumulate up the food web (trophic levels 3.0 to 4.5). Our findings show no risk of chronic (non-cancerous) effects on human health
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, Post Office Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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Herceg Romanić S, Klinčić D, Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Kusak J, Reljić S, Huber Đ. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in wild terrestrial mammals from Croatia: Interspecies comparison of residue levels and compositions. Chemosphere 2015; 137:52-58. [PMID: 26002287 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this pilot study, we investigated levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the adipose tissues of two free-ranging terrestrial carnivores from Croatia sampled in 2010 and 2011: the brown bear (Ursus arctos; N=32) and the grey wolf (Canis lupus; N=29). Concentrations of ∑OCPs and ΣPCBs ranged from 0.45 to 4.09 ng g(-1) lipid mass (lm) and from 0.93 to 8.52 ng g(-1) lm in brown bear, and from 1.18 to 5.67 ng g(-1) lm and 2.68 to 48.9 ng g(-1) lm in grey wolf adipose tissues, respectively. PCBs were dominant accounting for over 72% of total analyzed persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The sum of six indicator non-dioxin-like PCBs (Σ6IndNDL PCBs) made up 60-93% and 58-85% of the total congener concentrations in brown bears and wolves, respectively. Although the levels of the measured parameters were significantly higher in grey wolves than in bears, the contaminant profiles of the two species were similar, with γ-HCH, HCB, β-HCH and DDE as major OCP contaminants, and PCB-153>PCB-180≈PCB-170>PCB-138 as the dominant congeners. The sum of hexachlorocyclohexanes (ΣHCHs) and 8 toxicologically relevant dioxin-like PCBs (Σ8ToxDL PCBs) was higher in the males than in the females of the brown bear. Concentrations of ΣDDTs, HCB, ΣOCP, ΣPCBs, Σ6IndNDL PCBs, and toxicologically relevant non-dioxin-like PCBs (ΣToxNDL PCBs) were significantly positively correlated with lipid content in the grey wolf. Concentrations of OCPs and PCBs in brown bears and wolves from Croatia were low and normal for large terrestrial mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Klinčić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zorana Kljaković-Gašpić
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Josip Kusak
- Department of Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Reljić
- Department of Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Đuro Huber
- Department of Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Herceg Romanić S, Marenjak TS, Klinčić D, Janicki Z, Srebočan E, Konjević D. Organochlorine compounds in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) and fallow deer (Dama dama L.) from inland and coastal Croatia. Environ Monit Assess 2012; 184:5173-5180. [PMID: 21904863 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and organochlorine pesticide (OCP) levels in fat tissue of red and fallow deer (Cervus elaphus L. and Dama dama L.) from two inland and an Adriatic area were established. Of 17 analysed PCBs, PCB-28, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180 and PCB-118 were found in all samples, whilst PCB-101 and PCB-170 were found in more than 50% of samples. They ranged between 0.03 and 5.98 ng g(-1) fat weight. Of seven analysed OCPs, HCB, γ-HCH and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) were found in all samples, whilst β-HCH was found in more than 50% of samples. They ranged between 0.17 and 22.14 ng g(-1) fat weight. The dominating compounds were DDE, PCB-138, PCB153, PCB-118 and PCB-180. According to the Duncan multistage test, the levels of PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB 170 and PCB-180 were significantly higher in perirenal fat samples of specimens taken from the Adriatic area. DDE was significantly higher in the inland deer samples. Some species differences were determined and were mostly related to higher PCB and β-HCH levels in fallow deer samples and higher DDE levels in red deer samples. No sex difference was established. As for age, significantly higher levels of PCB-118 and PCB-52 were found in fawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Romanić SH, Klinčić D. Organochlorine compounds in pine needles from Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 88:838-841. [PMID: 22430882 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Levels of seven organochlorine pesticides and 17 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analysed in pine needles collected at eight sites along eastern Adriatic coast (Croatia). The concentration of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs ranged between 0 (below determination limit) and 7.44 ng g(-1) in 1-year-old needles and between 0 (below determination limit) and 15.57 ng g(-1) dry weight in 2-year-old needles. Organochlorine levels were compared with those found in urban and mountain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Romanić SH, Sarić MM, Klinčić D. Organochlorine contaminants and quality of olive oil collected from olive oil growers along the Croatian Adriatic coast. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2011; 87:574-579. [PMID: 21792536 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study we assessed 48 samples of virgin olive oil collected along the Croatian Adriatic coast for quality control, and for the presence of residues of seven organochlorine pesticides and 17 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Organochlorine pesticide levels ranged between below the limit of determination and 3.7 ng g(-1) of oil, while PCBs ranged between below the limit of determination and 1.8 ng g(-1) of oil. A larger problem than the presence of organochlorine compounds was that the seven tested oils (out of 48) did not meet some quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Herceg Romanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Kožul D, Herceg Romanić S, Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Veža J. Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in wild mussels from two different sites in central Croatian Adriatic coast. Environ Monit Assess 2011; 179:325-33. [PMID: 20953696 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Levels of 24 organochlorine compounds were investigated in wild mussels collected at two locations (Krka estuary and Kaštela Bay) on the Croatian Adriatic coast in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008. PCB and OCP ranges found at the two locations overlapped and followed similar profiles despite the differences between the two locations indicating that they share a common pollutants source. Among organochlorine pesticides, the dominant compound was DDT. Among indicator PCBs, the dominant compound was PCB-153, while PCB-118 was dominant among the remaining 11 congeners. Generally, the sum of six indicator PCBs was constantly greater than the sum of 11 congeners at both locations. α-HCH/γ-HCH and DDE/DDT ratios were below 1, indicating recent input of γ-HCH and DDT into the marine environment. In the investigated period, almost all organochlorine compounds reached the highest values in 2006. The levels of PCBs and OCPs in this study were considerably below the Croatian maximum permissible levels, confirming that they do not pose any threat for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Kožul
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, PO Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Lazar B, Maslov L, Romanić SH, Gračan R, Krauthacker B, Holcer D, Tvrtković N. Accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, from the eastern Adriatic Sea. Chemosphere 2011; 82:121-129. [PMID: 20951403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed 15 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fat tissue of 27 loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from eastern Adriatic Sea with the curved carapace length ranging from 25.0 to 84.5 cm. The PCB profile was dominated by hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners, with PCB-153 (median: 114.9 ng g⁻¹ wet mass), PCB-138 (80.0 ng g⁻¹ w.m.), and PCB-180 (26.7 ng g⁻¹ w.m.) detected with the highest levels. Toxic mono-ortho congeners PCB-118, PCB-105 and PCB-180 with dioxin-like toxicity were found in > 70% samples. 4,4'-DDE (81.0 ng g⁻¹ w.m.) prevailed the OCP signature, accounting for 80% of the total DDTs. A significant increasing trend in accumulation with size was found for PCB-52 (r(s) = 0.512, p < 0.01) and PCB-114 (r(s) = 0.421, p < 0.05). Comparison of our results with organochlorine contaminant (OC) pattern in some prey taxa suggest that contamination occurs primarily through the food web, with biomagnification factors of 0.14-6.99 which were positively correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficient (logK(ow); p < 0.05). This study, based upon a fairly large sample size collected mostly from incidentally captured animals over a short time period (June 2001-November 2002), present a temporal snapshot of OC contamination in wild, free-ranging loggerheads from Adriatic feeding grounds and provide a baseline for monitoring the regional OC trends in this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Lazar
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
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Krauthacker B, Reiner E, Romanić SH. Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides (OCP), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in human milk in Croatia since 1977. Toxicol Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Romanić SH, Krauthacker B. Distribution of organochlorine compounds in pine needles collected at urban sites in Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2004; 72:1203-1210. [PMID: 15362450 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S H Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, Post Office Box 291, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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Krauthacker B, Romanić SH, Reiner E. Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in vegetation samples collected in Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 66:334-341. [PMID: 11178648 DOI: 10.1007/s001280010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Krauthacker
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, Post Office Box 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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Romanić SH, Krauthacker B. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in ambient air collected in Zagreb, Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2000; 64:811-816. [PMID: 10856337 DOI: 10.1007/s0012800075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S H Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, Zagreb, Croatia
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