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Karcher DB, Cvitanovic C, van Putten IE, Colvin RM, Armitage D, Aswani S, Ballesteros M, Ban NC, Barragán-Paladines MJ, Bednarek A, Bell JD, Brooks CM, Daw TM, de la Cruz-Modino R, Francis TB, Fulton EA, Hobday AJ, Holcer D, Hudson C, Jennerjahn TC, Kinney A, Knol-Kauffman M, Löf MF, Lopes PFM, Mackelworth PC, McQuatters-Gollop A, Muhl EK, Neihapi P, Pascual-Fernández JJ, Posner SM, Runhaar H, Sainsbury K, Sander G, Steenbergen DJ, Tuda PM, Whiteman E, Zhang J. Lessons from bright-spots for advancing knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy. J Environ Manage 2022; 314:114994. [PMID: 35452885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-informed decision-making is in increasing demand given growing pressures on marine environments. A way to facilitate this is by knowledge exchange among marine scientists and decision-makers. While many barriers are reported in the literature, there are also examples whereby research has successfully informed marine decision-making (i.e., 'bright-spots'). Here, we identify and analyze 25 bright-spots from a wide range of marine fields, contexts, and locations to provide insights into how to improve knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy. Through qualitative surveys we investigate what initiated the bright-spots, their goals, and approaches to knowledge exchange. We also seek to identify what outcomes/impacts have been achieved, the enablers of success, and what lessons can be learnt to guide future knowledge exchange efforts. Results show that a diversity of approaches were used for knowledge exchange, from consultative engagement to genuine knowledge co-production. We show that diverse successes at the interface of marine science and policy are achievable and include impacts on policy, people, and governance. Such successes were enabled by factors related to the actors, processes, support, context, and timing. For example, the importance of involving diverse actors and managing positive relationships is a key lesson for success. However, enabling routine success will require: 1) transforming the ways in which we train scientists to include a greater focus on interpersonal skills, 2) institutionalizing and supporting knowledge exchange activities in organizational agendas, 3) conceptualizing and implementing broader research impact metrics, and 4) transforming funding mechanisms to focus on need-based interventions, impact planning, and an acknowledgement of the required time and effort that underpin knowledge exchange activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis B Karcher
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Christopher Cvitanovic
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ingrid E van Putten
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Colvin
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, ACT, Australia
| | - Derek Armitage
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shankar Aswani
- Department of Anthropology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Marta Ballesteros
- Fisheries Socioeconomic Department, Centro Tecnológico del Mar- Fundación CETMAR, Vigo, Spain
| | - Natalie C Ban
- School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | | | - Angela Bednarek
- Evidence Project, Research and Science, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Johann D Bell
- Center for Oceans, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA; Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Cassandra M Brooks
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Tim M Daw
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raquel de la Cruz-Modino
- Instituto de Investigación Social y Turismo, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Tessa B Francis
- Puget Sound Institute, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Fulton
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alistair J Hobday
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Draško Holcer
- Croatian Natural History Museum, Zagreb, Croatia; Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - Charlotte Hudson
- Lenfest Ocean Program, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Tim C Jennerjahn
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Strasse, Bremen, Germany
| | - Aimee Kinney
- Puget Sound Institute, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Maaike Knol-Kauffman
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marie F Löf
- Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Priscila F M Lopes
- Fishing Ecology, Management and Economics Group, Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Peter C Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia; Institute for Tourism, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Abigail McQuatters-Gollop
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Ella-Kari Muhl
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Pita Neihapi
- Vanuatu Fisheries Department, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - José J Pascual-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Social y Turismo, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Stephen M Posner
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Hens Runhaar
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, Utrecht, CB 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Keith Sainsbury
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gunnar Sander
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), 0579, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk J Steenbergen
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul M Tuda
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Jialin Zhang
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany
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Mannocci L, Roberts JJ, Halpin PN, Authier M, Boisseau O, Bradai MN, Cañadas A, Chicote C, David L, Di-Méglio N, Fortuna CM, Frantzis A, Gazo M, Genov T, Hammond PS, Holcer D, Kaschner K, Kerem D, Lauriano G, Lewis T, Notarbartolo di Sciara G, Panigada S, Raga JA, Scheinin A, Ridoux V, Vella A, Vella J. Assessing cetacean surveys throughout the Mediterranean Sea: a gap analysis in environmental space. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3126. [PMID: 29449646 PMCID: PMC5814436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous data collection in the marine environment has led to large gaps in our knowledge of marine species distributions. To fill these gaps, models calibrated on existing data may be used to predict species distributions in unsampled areas, given that available data are sufficiently representative. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of mapping cetacean densities across the entire Mediterranean Sea using models calibrated on available survey data and various environmental covariates. We aggregated 302,481 km of line transect survey effort conducted in the Mediterranean Sea within the past 20 years by many organisations. Survey coverage was highly heterogeneous geographically and seasonally: large data gaps were present in the eastern and southern Mediterranean and in non-summer months. We mapped the extent of interpolation versus extrapolation and the proportion of data nearby in environmental space when models calibrated on existing survey data were used for prediction across the entire Mediterranean Sea. Using model predictions to map cetacean densities in the eastern and southern Mediterranean, characterised by warmer, less productive waters, and more intense eddy activity, would lead to potentially unreliable extrapolations. We stress the need for systematic surveys of cetaceans in these environmentally unique Mediterranean waters, particularly in non-summer months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mannocci
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- UMR MARBEC (IRD, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Avenue Jean Monnet, CS 30171, 34203, Sète, France.
| | - Jason J Roberts
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Patrick N Halpin
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Matthieu Authier
- Observatoire PELAGIS UMS 3462 Université de La Rochelle/CNRS, 5 allées de l'Océan, 17 000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Oliver Boisseau
- Marine Conservation Research (MCR), 94 High Street, Kelvedon, CO5 9AA, UK
- Song of the Whale research team, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), 87-90 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7UD, UK
| | - Mohamed Nejmeddine Bradai
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), Centre de Sfax, B.P. 1035, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia
| | - Ana Cañadas
- Alnilam Research and Conservation, Pradillos 29, 28491, Navacerrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Chicote
- SUBMON - Marine Environmental Services, Rabassa, 49, 08024, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Léa David
- EcoOcéan Institut, 18 rue des Hospices, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Caterina M Fortuna
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 60, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandros Frantzis
- Pelagos Cetacean Research Institute, Terpsichoris 21, 16671, Vouliagmeni, Greece
| | - Manel Gazo
- SUBMON - Marine Environmental Services, Rabassa, 49, 08024, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tilen Genov
- Morigenos - Slovenian Marine Mammal Society, Kidričevo nabrežje 4, 6330, Piran, Slovenia
- Department of Biodiversity, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000, Koper, Slovenia
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK
| | - Philip S Hammond
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK
| | - Draško Holcer
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, HR-51551, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
- Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristin Kaschner
- Department of Biometry and Environmental Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Tennenbacher Straße 4, 79106, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Dani Kerem
- Israel Marine Mammal Research & Assistance Center, Institute of Maritime Studies, School of Marine Sciences, The University of Haifa, Mt Carmel, 31095, Haifa, Israel
| | - Giancarlo Lauriano
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 60, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Tim Lewis
- Marine Conservation Research (MCR), 94 High Street, Kelvedon, CO5 9AA, UK
- Song of the Whale research team, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), 87-90 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7UD, UK
- North Atlantic & Mediterranean Sperm Whale Catalogue (NAMSC), London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simone Panigada
- Tethys Research Institute, Acquario Civico, Viale G.B. Gadio 2, 20121, Milano, Italy
| | - Juan Antonio Raga
- Unidad de Zoología Marina, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, University of Valencia, Aptdo 22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aviad Scheinin
- Israel Marine Mammal Research & Assistance Center, Institute of Maritime Studies, School of Marine Sciences, The University of Haifa, Mt Carmel, 31095, Haifa, Israel
- The Morris Kahn Marine Research Centre, The University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vincent Ridoux
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 Université de La Rochelle/CNRS, 2 avenue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Adriana Vella
- Conservation Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
- The Biological Conservation Research Foundation, BICREF, PO BOX 30, Hamrun, Malta
| | - Joseph Vella
- The Biological Conservation Research Foundation, BICREF, PO BOX 30, Hamrun, Malta
- Department of Computer Information Systems, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
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Holcer D, Lazar B. New data on the occurrence of the critically endangered common angelshark, Squatina squatina, in the Croatian Adriatic Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.20302/nc.2017.26.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rako-Gospić N, Radulović M, Vučur T, Pleslić G, Holcer D, Mackelworth P. Factor associated variations in the home range of a resident Adriatic common bottlenose dolphin population. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:234-244. [PMID: 28734569 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of the most dominant factors (association patterns, gender, natal philopatry and anthropogenic pressure) on the home range size of the 44 most resident common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting the waters of the Cres-Lošinj archipelago (north Adriatic Sea, Croatia), a recently declared NATURA 2000 SCI. Results show that variations in home range patterns (MCP, 95% KDE and 50% KDE home range size) among the individual resident dolphins are primarily related to differences in gender and reflect the way in which different genders respond to external stressors. In addition, results confirm the seasonal influence of nautical tourism on both female and male dolphins through changes in their home range sizes. The overall results improve current knowledge of the main anthropogenic threats that should be taken into consideration when developing conservation measures to be applied to this Cres and Lošinj SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Radulović
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - Tihana Vučur
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - Grgur Pleslić
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - Draško Holcer
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia; Department of Zoology, Croatian Natural History Museum, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
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5
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Katsanevakis S, Mackelworth P, Coll M, Fraschetti S, Mačić V, Giakoumi S, Jones P, Levin N, Albano P, Badalamenti F, Brennan R, Claudet J, Culibrk D, D'Anna G, Deidun A, Evagelopoulos A, García-Charton J, Goldsborough D, Holcer D, Jimenez C, Kark S, Sørensen T, Lazar B, Martin G, Mazaris A, Micheli F, Milner-Gulland E, Pipitone C, Portman M, Pranovi F, Rilov G, Smith R, Stelzenmüller V, Vogiatzakis I, Winters G. Advancing marine conservation in European and contiguous seas with the MarCons Action. RIO 2017. [DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e11884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Picciulin M, Sebastianutto L, Fortuna CM, Mackelworth P, Holcer D, Gospić NR. Are the 1/3-Octave Band 63- and 125-Hz Noise Levels Predictive of Vessel Activity? The Case in the Cres-Lošinj Archipelago (Northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia). Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 875:821-8. [PMID: 26611038 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A 3-years sea ambient-noise (SAN) monitoring was carried out in the Cres-Lošinj Archipelago (Croatia), where a bottlenose dolphin population is threatened by unregulated nautical tourism. A total of 540 5-min SAN samples were collected and analyzed in an Indicator 11.2.1 (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) perspective. The 1/3-octave band center frequencies of 63 and 125 Hz (re 1 μPa.rms) proved to be predictive of local predominant ship type over time. However, the noisiest band level was centered on 200 Hz. We therefore suggest measuring a wider frequency band than those requested in Indicator 11.2.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Picciulin
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kastel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia.
| | - Linda Sebastianutto
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kastel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia.
| | - Caterina Maria Fortuna
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Rome, 00144, Italy.
| | - Peter Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kastel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia.
| | - Draško Holcer
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kastel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia. .,Croatian Natural History Museum, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
| | - Nikolina Rako Gospić
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kastel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia
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7
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Romanić SH, Holcer D, Lazar B, Klinčić D, Mackelworth P, Fortuna CM. Organochlorine contaminants in tissues of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus from the northeastern part of the Adriatic Sea. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 38:469-479. [PMID: 25151654 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Levels of 24 organochlorine compounds, including toxic mono-ortho PCB congeners, were determined in the organs and tissues (blubber, kidney, lung, muscle, liver, heart) of 13 common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) stranded between 2000 and 2005 in the northern part of the Croatian territorial waters of the Adriatic Sea. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found at higher concentrations in comparison with organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in all of the analyzed tissues. Sums of six indicator congeners (Σ6PCB) constituted around 50% of the total PCB amount, while PCB-153 and PCB-138 were found to have the highest concentrations. Among the seven investigated OCPs, p,p'-DDE was found at the highest concentrations. In blubber, mean values of 22,048 and 11,310ngg(-1) wet weight were determined for ΣPCB and ΣDDT, respectively. Much lower concentrations were found in muscle samples, followed by similar concentrations in kidneys, liver and heart, while the lowest levels of organochlorine contaminants were found in lungs. The results indicate that p,p'-DDT is still being introduced in the Mediterranean region. PCB concentrations are among the highest found in this region and toxicological assessments indicate that the health of this specie is at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Herceg Romanić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Holcer
- Department of Zoology, Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, HR-51551 Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - B Lazar
- Department of Biodiversity, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaska 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia; Institute for Biodiversity Studies, Science and Research Center, University of Primorska, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia; Marine Sciences Program, University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - D Klinčić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - P Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, HR-51551 Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - C M Fortuna
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, HR-51551 Veli Lošinj, Croatia; Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Roma, Italy
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Rako N, Fortuna CM, Holcer D, Mackelworth P, Nimak-Wood M, Pleslić G, Sebastianutto L, Vilibić I, Wiemann A, Picciulin M. Leisure boating noise as a trigger for the displacement of the bottlenose dolphins of the Cres-Lošinj archipelago (northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia). Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 68:77-84. [PMID: 23324542 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The waters of the Cres-Lošinj archipelago are subject to intense boat traffic related to the high number of leisure boats frequenting this area during the summer tourist season. Boat noise dominates the acoustic environment of the local bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population. This study investigates the spatial and temporal change in the underwater noise levels due to intense boating, and its effect on the distribution of the bottlenose dolphins. In the period 2007-2009 sea ambient noise (SAN) was sampled across ten acoustic stations. During data collection the presence of leisure boats was recorded if they were within 2 km of the sampling station. Bottlenose dolphin spatial distribution was monitored in the same period. Results showed a strong positive correlation between high SAN levels and boat presence, particularly in the tourist season. Dolphin distribution indicated significant seasonal displacements from noisy areas characterized by the intense leisure boating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Rako
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, 51551 Veli Lošinj, Croatia.
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Mackelworth P, Holcer D, Jovanović J, Fortuna C. Marine conservation and accession: the future for the Croatian Adriatic. Environ Manage 2011; 47:644-655. [PMID: 20221828 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-010-9460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The European Union (EU) is the world's largest trading bloc and the most influential supra-national organisation in the region. The EU has been the goal for many eastern European States, for Croatia accession remains a priority and underpins many of its national policies. However, entry into the EU requires certain commitments and concessions. In October 2003 the Croatian parliament declared an ecological and fisheries protection zone in the Adriatic. Under pressure the zone was suspended, finally entering into force in March 2008 exempting EU States. There are other marine conflicts between Croatia and the EU, particularly the contested maritime border with Slovenia, and the development of the Croatian fishing fleet in opposition to the Common Fisheries Policy. Conversely, attempts to harmonise Croatian Nature Protection with the EU Habitats Directive, facilitated by pre-accession funding, has galvanised conservation policy. Since 2005 two marine protected areas have been declared, significantly increasing the marine ecosystem under protection. Finally, the development of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive is the latest EU attempt to integrate environmental policy in the maritime realm. This will have an effect not only on member States but neighbouring countries. For marine nature protection to be effective in the region the Adriatic Sea needs to be viewed as a mutually important shared and limited resource not a bargaining chip. Negotiations of the EU and Croatia have been watched closely by the other Balkan States and precedents set in this case have the potential to affect EU expansion to the East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Kaštel 24, Veli Lošinj, 51551, Croatia.
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Lazar B, Maslov L, Romanić SH, Gračan R, Krauthacker B, Holcer D, Tvrtković N. Accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, from the eastern Adriatic Sea. Chemosphere 2011; 82:121-129. [PMID: 20951403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed 15 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fat tissue of 27 loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from eastern Adriatic Sea with the curved carapace length ranging from 25.0 to 84.5 cm. The PCB profile was dominated by hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners, with PCB-153 (median: 114.9 ng g⁻¹ wet mass), PCB-138 (80.0 ng g⁻¹ w.m.), and PCB-180 (26.7 ng g⁻¹ w.m.) detected with the highest levels. Toxic mono-ortho congeners PCB-118, PCB-105 and PCB-180 with dioxin-like toxicity were found in > 70% samples. 4,4'-DDE (81.0 ng g⁻¹ w.m.) prevailed the OCP signature, accounting for 80% of the total DDTs. A significant increasing trend in accumulation with size was found for PCB-52 (r(s) = 0.512, p < 0.01) and PCB-114 (r(s) = 0.421, p < 0.05). Comparison of our results with organochlorine contaminant (OC) pattern in some prey taxa suggest that contamination occurs primarily through the food web, with biomagnification factors of 0.14-6.99 which were positively correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficient (logK(ow); p < 0.05). This study, based upon a fairly large sample size collected mostly from incidentally captured animals over a short time period (June 2001-November 2002), present a temporal snapshot of OC contamination in wild, free-ranging loggerheads from Adriatic feeding grounds and provide a baseline for monitoring the regional OC trends in this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Lazar
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
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Maltese S, Marsili L, Bartolini M, Coppola D, Casini S, De Stephanis R, Fortuna C, Canese S, Lauriano G, Holcer D, Urban J, Fossi M. Ecotoxicological status of Tursiops truncatus in the Mediterranean Sea and in the Gulf of California (Sea of Cortez-Mexico) using skin biopsy as diagnostic tool. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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