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Knott JA, Liang L, Dukes JS, Swihart RK, Fei S. Phenological response to climate variation in a northern red oak plantation: Links to survival and productivity. Ecology 2023; 104:e3940. [PMID: 36457179 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In a changing climate, the future survival and productivity of species rely on individual populations to respond to shifting environmental conditions. Many tree species, including northern red oak (Quercus rubra), exhibit phenotypic plasticity, the ability to respond to changes in environmental conditions at within-generation time scales, through varying traits such as leaf phenology. Phenotypic plasticity of phenology may vary among populations within a species' range, and it is unclear if the range of plasticity is adequate to promote fitness. Here, we used a 58-year-old common garden to test whether northern red oak populations differed in phenological sensitivity to changes in temperature and whether differences in phenological sensitivity were associated with differences in productivity and survival (proxies of fitness). We recorded 8 years of spring leaf emergence and autumn leaf coloration and loss in 28 distinct populations from across the species' full range. Across the 28 populations, spring leaf out consistently advanced in warmer years, but fall phenology was less responsive to changes in temperature. Southern, warm-adapted populations had larger shifts in phenology in response to springtime warming but had lower long-term survival. Moreover, higher phenological sensitivity to spring warming was not strongly linked to increased productivity. Instead, fitness was more closely linked to latitudinal gradients. Although springtime phenological sensitivity to climate change is common across northern red oak populations, responses of productivity and survival, which could determine longer-term trajectories of species abundance, are more variable across the species' range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Knott
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Geography, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dukes
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Robert K Swihart
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Songlin Fei
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Estrada-Peña A, Fernández-Ruiz N. An Agenda for Research of Uncovered Epidemiological Patterns of Tick-Borne Pathogens Affecting Human Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2206. [PMID: 36767573 PMCID: PMC9915995 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The panorama of ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBP) is complex due to the many interactions among vertebrates, vectors, and habitats, occurring at different scales. At a broad spatial range, climate and host availability regulate most tick processes, including questing activity, development, and survival. At a local scale, interactions are obscured by a high indeterminacy, making it arduous to record in field surveys. A solid modelling framework could translate the local/regional empirical findings into larger scales, shedding light on the processes governing the circulation of TBP. In this opinion paper, we advocate for a re-formulation of some paradigms in the research of these outstanding cycles of transmission. We propose revisiting concepts that faced criticisms or lacked solid support, together with the development of a conceptual scheme exploring the circulation of TBP under a range of conditions. We encourage (i) an adequate interpretation of the niche concept of both ticks and vertebrate/reservoir hosts interpreting the (a)biotic components that shape the tick's niche, (ii) an assessment of the role played by the communities of wild vertebrates on the circulation of pathogens, and (iii) the development of new approaches, based on state-of-the-art epidemiological concepts, to integrate findings and modelling efforts on TBP over large regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Estrada-Peña
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Li YP, Feng YL, Li WT, Tomlinson K, Liao ZY, Zheng YL, Zhang JL. Leaf trait association in relation to herbivore defense, drought resistance, and economics in a tropical invasive plant. Am J Bot 2022; 109:910-921. [PMID: 35471767 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Exploring how functional traits vary and covary is important to understand plant responses to environmental change. However, we have limited understanding of the ways multiple functional traits vary and covary within invasive species. METHODS We measured 12 leaf traits of an invasive plant Chromolaena odorata, associated with plant or leaf economics, herbivore defense, and drought resistance on 10 introduced populations from Asia and 12 native populations from South and Central America, selected across a broad range of climatic conditions, and grown in a common garden. RESULTS Species' range and climatic conditions influenced leaf traits, but trait variation across climate space differed between the introduced and native ranges. Traits that confer defense against herbivores and drought resistance were associated with economic strategy, but the patterns differed by range. Plants from introduced populations that were at the fast-return end of the spectrum (high photosynthetic capacity) had high physical defense traits (high trichome density), whereas plants from native populations that were at the fast-return end of the spectrum had high drought escape traits (early leaf senescence and high percentage of withered shoots). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that invasive plants can rapidly adapt to novel environmental conditions. Chromolaena odorata showed multiple different functional trait covariation patterns and clines in the native and introduced ranges. Our results emphasize that interaction between multiple traits or functions should be considered when investigating the adaptive evolution of invasive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Yu-Long Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Wei-Tao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Kyle Tomlinson
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Yu-Long Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
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Piponiot C, Anderson-Teixeira KJ, Davies SJ, Allen D, Bourg NA, Burslem DFRP, Cárdenas D, Chang-Yang CH, Chuyong G, Cordell S, Dattaraja HS, Duque Á, Ediriweera S, Ewango C, Ezedin Z, Filip J, Giardina CP, Howe R, Hsieh CF, Hubbell SP, Inman-Narahari FM, Itoh A, Janík D, Kenfack D, Král K, Lutz JA, Makana JR, McMahon SM, McShea W, Mi X, Bt Mohamad M, Novotný V, O'Brien MJ, Ostertag R, Parker G, Pérez R, Ren H, Reynolds G, Md Sabri MD, Sack L, Shringi A, Su SH, Sukumar R, Sun IF, Suresh HS, Thomas DW, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Vandermeer J, Wang Y, Ware IM, Weiblen GD, Whitfeld TJS, Wolf A, Yao TL, Yu M, Yuan Z, Zimmerman JK, Zuleta D, Muller-Landau HC. Distribution of biomass dynamics in relation to tree size in forests across the world. New Phytol 2022; 234:1664-1677. [PMID: 35201608 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tree size shapes forest carbon dynamics and determines how trees interact with their environment, including a changing climate. Here, we conduct the first global analysis of among-site differences in how aboveground biomass stocks and fluxes are distributed with tree size. We analyzed repeat tree censuses from 25 large-scale (4-52 ha) forest plots spanning a broad climatic range over five continents to characterize how aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality vary with tree diameter. We examined how the median, dispersion, and skewness of these size-related distributions vary with mean annual temperature and precipitation. In warmer forests, aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality were more broadly distributed with respect to tree size. In warmer and wetter forests, aboveground biomass and woody productivity were more right skewed, with a long tail towards large trees. Small trees (1-10 cm diameter) contributed more to productivity and mortality than to biomass, highlighting the importance of including these trees in analyses of forest dynamics. Our findings provide an improved characterization of climate-driven forest differences in the size structure of aboveground biomass and dynamics of that biomass, as well as refined benchmarks for capturing climate influences in vegetation demographic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Piponiot
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
- UR Forests and Societies, Cirad, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34000, France
| | - Kristina J Anderson-Teixeira
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
| | - Stuart J Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - David Allen
- Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Norman A Bourg
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
| | - David F R P Burslem
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Dairon Cárdenas
- Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Chia-Hao Chang-Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, 80424
| | - George Chuyong
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Susan Cordell
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | | | - Álvaro Duque
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sisira Ediriweera
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Corneille Ewango
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, BP 2012, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Zacky Ezedin
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Jonah Filip
- Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Christian P Giardina
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Robert Howe
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, 54311-7001, USA
| | - Chang-Fu Hsieh
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617
| | - Stephen P Hubbell
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Akira Itoh
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 5588585, Japan
| | - David Janík
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Kenfack
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - Kamil Král
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - James A Lutz
- Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Jean-Remy Makana
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, BP 2012, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sean M McMahon
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - William McShea
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
| | - Xiangcheng Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093
| | - Mohizah Bt Mohamad
- Research Development and Innovation Division, Forest Department Sarawak, Bangunan Baitul Makmur 2, Medanraya, Petrajaya, Kuching, 93050, Malaysia
| | - Vojtěch Novotný
- Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J O'Brien
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933, Spain
| | - Rebecca Ostertag
- Department of Biology, University of Hawaii, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Geoffrey Parker
- Forest Ecology Group, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - Rolando Pérez
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
| | - Haibao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093
| | - Glen Reynolds
- The Royal Society SEARRP (UK/Malaysia), Danum Valley Field Centre, Lahad Datu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Danial Md Sabri
- Forestry and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ankur Shringi
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Raman Sukumar
- Centre for Ecological Sciences and Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - I-Fang Sun
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301
| | - Hebbalalu S Suresh
- Centre for Ecological Sciences and Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Duncan W Thomas
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0SB, UK
| | - Maria Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - John Vandermeer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yunquan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004
| | - Ian M Ware
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - George D Weiblen
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | | | - Amy Wolf
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, 54311-7001, USA
| | - Tze Leong Yao
- Forestry and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia
| | - Mingjian Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - Zuoqiang Yuan
- CAS Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Daniel Zuleta
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - Helene C Muller-Landau
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama
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Abstract
Species’ range limits are ubiquitous. This suggests that the evolution of the ecological niche is constrained in general and at the edges of distributions in particular. While there may be many ecological and genetic reasons for this phenomenon, here we focus on the potential role of trade-offs. We performed a literature search on evidence for trade-offs associated with geographical or elevational range limits. The majority of trade-offs were reported as relevant at either the cold end of species' distribution (n = 19), the warm or dry end (n = 19) or both together (n = 14). One common type of trade-off involved accelerating growth or development (27%), often at the cost of small size. Another common type involved resistance to or tolerance of climatic extremes that occur at certain periods of the year (64%), often at the cost of small size or reduced growth. Trade-offs overlapped with some of the classic trade-offs reported in life-history evolution or thermal adaptation. The results highlight several general insights about species' niches and ranges, and we outline how future research should better integrate the ecological context and test for the presence of microevolutionary trade-offs. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Species’ ranges in the face of changing environments (Part II)’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Willi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Josh Van Buskirk
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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Leahy L, Scheffers BR, Williams SE, Andersen AN. Arboreality drives heat tolerance while elevation drives cold tolerance in tropical rainforest ants. Ecology 2021; 103:e03549. [PMID: 34618920 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Determining how species thermal limits correlate with climate is important for understanding biogeographic patterns and assessing vulnerability to climate change. Such analyses need to consider thermal gradients at multiple spatial scales. Here we relate thermal traits of rainforest ants to microclimate conditions from ground to canopy (microgeographic scale) along an elevation gradient (mesogeographic scale) and calculate warming tolerance to assess climate change vulnerability in the Australian Wet Tropics Bioregion. We test the thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry hypotheses to explain interspecific patterns of thermal tolerance at these two spatial scales. We tested cold tolerance (CTmin ), heat tolerance (CTmax ), and calculated thermal tolerance range (CTrange ), using ramping assays for 74 colonies of 40 ant species collected from terrestrial and arboreal habitats at lowland and upland elevation sites and recorded microclimatic conditions for one year. Within sites, arboreal ants were exposed to hotter microclimates and on average had a 4.2°C (95% CI: 2.7-5.6°C) higher CTmax and 5.3°C (95% CI: 3.5-7°C) broader CTrange than ground-dwelling ants. This pattern was consistent across the elevation gradient, whether it be the hotter lowlands or the cooler uplands. Across elevation, upland ants could tolerate significantly colder temperatures than lowland ants, whereas the change in CTmax was less pronounced, and CTrange did not change over elevation. Differential exposure to microclimates, due to localized niche preferences, drives divergence in CTmax , while environmental temperatures along the elevation gradient drive divergence in CTmin . Our results suggest that both processes of thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry are at play, depending on the spatial scale of observation, and we discuss potential mechanisms underlying these patterns. Despite the broad thermal tolerance range of arboreal rainforest ants, lowland arboreal ants had the lowest warming tolerance and may be most vulnerable to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Leahy
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Brett R Scheffers
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Stephen E Williams
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Alan N Andersen
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
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Ramula S, Kalske A. Introduced plants of Lupinus polyphyllus are larger but flower less frequently than conspecifics from the native range: Results of the first year. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:13742-13751. [PMID: 33391677 PMCID: PMC7771124 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduced species, which establish in novel environments, provide an opportunity to explore trait evolution and how it may contribute to the distribution and spread of species. Here, we explore trait changes of the perennial herb Lupinus polyphyllus based on 11 native populations in the western USA and 17 introduced populations in Finland. More specifically, we investigated whether introduced populations outperformed native populations in traits measured in situ (seed mass) and under common garden conditions during their first year (plant size, flowering probability, and number of flowering shoots). We also explored whether climate of origin (temperature) influenced plant traits and quantified the degree to which trait variability was explained collectively by country and temperature as compared to other population-level differences. Three out of four plant traits differed between the native and introduced populations; only seed mass was similar between countries, with most of its variation attributed to other sources of intraspecific variation not accounted for by country and temperature. Under common garden conditions, plants originating from introduced populations were larger than those originating from native populations. However, plants from the introduced range flowered less frequently and had fewer flowering shoots than their native-range counterparts. Temperature of a population's origin influenced plant size in the common garden, with plant size increasing with increasing mean annual temperature in both native and introduced populations. Our results of the first year reveal genetic basis for phenotypic differences in some fitness-related traits between the native and introduced populations of L. polyphyllus. However, not all of these trait differences necessarily contribute to the invasion success of the species and thus may not be adaptive, which raises a question how persistent the trait differences observed in the first year are later in individuals' life for perennial herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Ramula
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Aino Kalske
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
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Chou Q, Cao T, Ni L, Xie P, Jeppesen E. Leaf Soluble Carbohydrates, Free Amino Acids, Starch, Total Phenolics, Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry of 24 Aquatic Macrophyte Species Along Climate Gradients in China. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:442. [PMID: 31031783 PMCID: PMC6470362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Leaf soluble carbohydrates (SC), free amino acids (FAA), starch, total phenolics (TOPH), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) stoichiometry of 24 aquatic macrophyte species were studied at 52 selected sites in eastern, 31 sites in southwestern and 6 sites in western China, including 12 submerged, 6 floating-leaved, 4 emergent and 2 free-floating macrophytes. The leaf stoichiometric characteristics differed significantly among the plant species of the four different life forms, the lowest C content occurring in submerged macrophytes and the highest N content in free-floating macrophytes. Overall, though the variance explained by the linear regression models was low, the C and N contents decreased toward the northern latitudes, the C content and the C:N ratios increased with increasing altitude. Multiple regressions revealed that the stoichiometric characteristics of submerged macrophytes varied significantly across the large spatial and climatic gradients and among the species studied. For floating-leaved and emergent macrophytes, no correlation between climate factors and SC, FAA, starch, TOPH, C, and N contents and C:N ratio was observed. For free-floating macrophytes, the TOPH content was markedly positively correlated with latitude and altitude. We conclude that the C and N contents related more closely to latitude, altitude or mean annual air temperature than did the C and N metabolic indicators for the submerged macrophytes, while the relationships with the metabolic indicators turned out to be insignificant for most species of the other life forms. The results helped us to identify species with significant physiological plasticity across geographic and climatic gradients in China, and such information is useful when conducting restoration of lost aquatic plants in different climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchuan Chou
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Te Cao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Leyi Ni
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Vázquez-González C, López-Goldar X, Zas R, Sampedro L. Neutral and Climate-Driven Adaptive Processes Contribute to Explain Population Variation in Resin Duct Traits in a Mediterranean Pine Species. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1613. [PMID: 31921257 PMCID: PMC6923275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Resin ducts are important anatomical defensive traits related to biotic resistance in conifers. Previous studies have reported intraspecific genetic variation in resin duct characteristics. However, little is currently known about the micro-evolutionary patterns and adaptive value of these defensive structures. Here, we quantified inter-population genetic variation in resin duct features and their inducibility in Pinus pinaster and assessed whether such variation was associated with climate gradients. To that end, we characterized the resin duct system of 2-year-old saplings from 10 populations across the species' distribution range. We measured axial resin duct features (density, mean size, and percentage conductive area of resin ducts) and their inducibility in response to methyl jasmonate. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms allowed to account for the population genetic structure in our models in order to avoid spurious correlations between resin duct characteristics and climate. We found large inter-population variation in resin duct density and conductive area, but not in their inducibility. Our results suggest that population variation in the percentage conductive area of resin ducts likely arise from adaptation to local climate conditions. This study highlights the adaptive relevance of resin ducts and helps to shed light on the micro-evolutionary patterns of resin-based defenses in conifers.
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10
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Doherty KD, Butterfield BJ, Wood TE. Matching seed to site by climate similarity: Techniques to prioritize plant materials development and use in restoration. Ecol Appl 2017; 27:1010-1023. [PMID: 28112847 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Land management agencies are increasing the use of native plant materials for vegetation treatments to restore ecosystem function and maintain natural ecological integrity. This shift toward the use of natives has highlighted a need to increase the diversity of materials available. A key problem is agreeing on how many, and which, new accessions should be developed. Here we describe new methods that address this problem. Our methods use climate data to calculate a climate similarity index between two points in a defined extent. This index can be used to predict relative performance of available accessions at a target site. In addition, the index can be used in combination with standard cluster analysis algorithms to quantify and maximize climate coverage (mean climate similarity), given a modeled range extent and a specified number of accessions. We demonstrate the utility of this latter feature by applying it to the extents of 11 western North American species with proven or potential use in restoration. First, a species-specific seed transfer map can be readily generated for a species by predicting performance for accessions currently available; this map can be readily updated to accommodate new accessions. Next, the increase in climate coverage achieved by adding successive accessions can be explored, yielding information that managers can use to balance ecological and economic considerations in determining how many accessions to develop. This approach identifies sampling sites, referred to as climate centers, which contribute unique, complementary, climate coverage to accessions on hand, thus providing explicit sampling guidance for both germplasm preservation and research. We examine how these and other features of our approach add to existing methods used to guide plant materials development and use. Finally, we discuss how these new methods provide a framework that could be used to coordinate native plant materials development, evaluation, and use across agencies, regions, and research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Doherty
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, 2255 North Gemini Drive, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86001, USA
| | - Bradley J Butterfield
- Department of Biological Sciences and Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Troy E Wood
- Department of Biological Sciences and Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
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11
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Sonne J, Martín González AM, Maruyama PK, Sandel B, Vizentin-Bugoni J, Schleuning M, Abrahamczyk S, Alarcón R, Araujo AC, Araújo FP, Mendes de Azevedo S, Baquero AC, Cotton PA, Ingversen TT, Kohler G, Lara C, Guedes Las-Casas FM, Machado AO, Machado CG, Maglianesi MA, Moura AC, Nogués-Bravo D, Oliveira GM, Oliveira PE, Ornelas JF, Rodrigues LDC, Rosero-Lasprilla L, Rui AM, Sazima M, Timmermann A, Varassin IG, Wang Z, Watts S, Fjeldså J, Svenning JC, Rahbek C, Dalsgaard B. High proportion of smaller ranged hummingbird species coincides with ecological specialization across the Americas. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2015.2512. [PMID: 26842573 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological communities that experience stable climate conditions have been speculated to preserve more specialized interspecific associations and have higher proportions of smaller ranged species (SRS). Thus, areas with disproportionally large numbers of SRS are expected to coincide geographically with a high degree of community-level ecological specialization, but this suggestion remains poorly supported with empirical evidence. Here, we analysed data for hummingbird resource specialization, range size, contemporary climate, and Late Quaternary climate stability for 46 hummingbird-plant mutualistic networks distributed across the Americas, representing 130 hummingbird species (ca 40% of all hummingbird species). We demonstrate a positive relationship between the proportion of SRS of hummingbirds and community-level specialization, i.e. the division of the floral niche among coexisting hummingbird species. This relationship remained strong even when accounting for climate, furthermore, the effect of SRS on specialization was far stronger than the effect of specialization on SRS, suggesting that climate largely influences specialization through species' range-size dynamics. Irrespective of the exact mechanism involved, our results indicate that communities consisting of higher proportions of SRS may be vulnerable to disturbance not only because of their small geographical ranges, but also because of their high degree of specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Sonne
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Ana M Martín González
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Lab, 1604 McGee Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94703, USA
| | - Pietro K Maruyama
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, Campinas, SP 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Brody Sandel
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Jeferson Vizentin-Bugoni
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, Campinas, SP 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt (Main) 60325, Germany
| | - Stefan Abrahamczyk
- Nees Institute of Plant Biodiversity, Meckenheimer Allee 170, Bonn 53115, Germany Institute of Systematic Botany, Zollikerstrasse, Zurich 107, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Alarcón
- Biology Program, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Andréa C Araujo
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Francielle P Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, Campinas, SP 13083-865, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea C Baquero
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Peter A Cotton
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | | | - Glauco Kohler
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus CEP 69080-971, Brazil
| | - Carlos Lara
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Km 10.5 Autopista Tlaxcala-San Martín Texmelucan, San Felipe Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana O Machado
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia -UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Caio Graco Machado
- Laboratório de Ornitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia 44036-900, Brazil
| | - María Alejandra Maglianesi
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt (Main) 60325, Germany Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alan Cerqueira Moura
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), San José, Costa Rica
| | - David Nogués-Bravo
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Genilda M Oliveira
- Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia -UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua aCoatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico
| | - Licléia da Cruz Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Ornithology, Department of Zoology, ICB, Minas Gerais Federal University, PO Box 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Liliana Rosero-Lasprilla
- Grupo de Investigación Biología para la Conservación, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Ana Maria Rui
- Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capao do Leao, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marlies Sazima
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cx. Postal 6109, Campinas-SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Allan Timmermann
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Isabela Galarda Varassin
- Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Department of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Stella Watts
- Landscape and Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Geographical and Environmental Sciences, University of Northampton, Avenue Campus, St George's Avenue, Northampton NN2 6JD, UK
| | - Jon Fjeldså
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Carsten Rahbek
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Bo Dalsgaard
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
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