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Conniff KR, Grill JD, Gillen DL. Retention of American Indian and Alaska Native participants in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1601-1613. [PMID: 38053483 PMCID: PMC10984415 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) elders is expected to double by 2060. Thus it is imperative to retain AI/AN participants in longitudinal research studies to identify novel risk factors and potential targets for intervention for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in these communities. METHODS The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center houses uniformly collected longitudinal data from the network of National Institute on Aging (NIA)-funded Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs). We used logistic regression to quantify participant retention at 43 ADRCs, comparing self-identified AI/AN participants to non-Hispanic White (NHW) participants, adjusting for potential confounding factors including baseline diagnosis, age, sex, education, and smoking. RESULTS The odds of AI/AN participant retention at the first follow-up visit were significantly lower than those for NHW participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.599; 95%: 0.46-0.78; p < 0.001). DISCUSSION These results suggest the need for improved strategies to retain AI/AN participants, perhaps including improved researcher-community relationships and community engagement and education. HIGHLIGHTS American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) research participants were retained to the first follow-up appointment at lower rates than non-Hispanic White (NHW) participants. AI/AN participants are retained at lower rates than NHW participants for long-term follow-up. The majority of AI/AN participants were not retained to the second follow-up visit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R. Conniff
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joshua D. Grill
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel L. Gillen
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
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Wick M, Erickson D, Hoffman J, Johnson L, Angradi T. Navigating University Openness in Research Policy Inconsistent with Indigenous Data Sovereignty: A Case Analysis. Ethics Hum Res 2024; 46:2-15. [PMID: 38446108 DOI: 10.1002/eahr.500202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Indigenous nations and communities in the United States have rights as sovereign governments to exercise control and ownership over all data and information generated by or from the tribes, tribal members, or tribal resources. Indigenous nations exercise these rights through data ownership policies established in response to unethical research practices in research involving Indigenous communities. Most universities in the U.S. have "openness in research" policies to ensure academic freedom to publish freely, exercised by retaining university control of data. Here, we describe our study of cultural ecosystem services in the St. Louis River estuary region (Nagaajiwanaang in the language Ojibwemowin) in Duluth, Minnesota, and Superior, Wisconsin, U.S., an area that includes portions of the 1854 and 1842 Ceded Territories and reservation lands of a local band of Ojibwe (hereafter referred to as "the Band"). In this university-led, Band-supported study, both the university and the Band sought ownership of data collected based on their respective policies, resulting in a research delay of nearly a year. We found that open research policies that do not consider Indigenous sovereignty can hamper collaboration between university researchers and tribal nations, even when there is broad agreement on research goals and objectives. University open research policies that do not explicitly address Indigenous sovereignty fall short of the open research principles they intend to support and should be revised. Formal adoption of principles for ethical research with sovereign tribal governments by universities is needed to improve coordination and trust among university and tribal researchers and members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Wick
- PhD candidate at the University of Minnesota Duluth and a student trainee at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division
| | - Deanna Erickson
- Director of the Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve
| | - Joel Hoffman
- Manager of the Eco-system Services Branch at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division
| | - Lucinda Johnson
- Senior research fellow at the University of Minnesota Natural Resources Research Institute
| | - Ted Angradi
- Retired research biologist for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Toxi-cology and Ecology Division
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3
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Abdul M, Ingabire A, Lam CYN, Bennett B, Menzel K, MacKenzie-Shalders K, van Herwerden L. Indigenous food sovereignty assessment-A systematic literature review. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:12-27. [PMID: 37154011 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this systematic review were to (1) identify assessment approaches of Indigenous food sovereignty using the core domains of community ownership, inclusion of traditional food knowledge, inclusion/promotion of cultural foods and environmental/intervention sustainability, (2) describe Indigenous research methodologies when assessing Indigenous food sovereignty. METHODS Guided by Indigenous members of the research team, a systematic review across four databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO) was performed. Studies in any language from 1996 to 2021, that used one or more of the core domains (identified from a recent scoping review) of community ownership, inclusion of traditional food knowledge, inclusion/promotion of cultural foods and environmental/intervention sustainability were included. RESULTS From 20 062 records, after exclusion criteria were applied, 34 studies were included. Indigenous food sovereignty assessment approaches were mostly qualitative (n = 17) or mixed methods (n = 16), with interviews the most utilised (n = 29), followed by focus groups and meetings (n = 23) and validated frameworks (n = 7) as assessment tools. Indigenous food sovereignty assessment approaches were mostly around inclusion of traditional food knowledge (n = 21), or environmental/intervention sustainability (n = 15). Community-Based Participatory Research approaches were utilised across many studies (n = 26), with one-third utilising Indigenous methods of inquiry. Acknowledgement of data sovereignty (n = 6) or collaboration with Indigenous researchers (n = 4) was limited. CONCLUSION This review highlights Indigenous food sovereignty assessment approaches in the literature worldwide. It emphasises the importance of using Indigenous research methodologies in research conducted by or with Indigenous Peoples and acknowledges Indigenous communities should lead future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Abdul
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ale Ingabire
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Chin Yu Nicole Lam
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Bindi Bennett
- National Centre for Reconciliation, Truth and Justice, Federation University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kelly Menzel
- Gnibi College of Indigenous Australian Peoples, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Dobrinen E, Moser L, White D, Alquwayfili S, Bingham D, Tesfai H. Surveillance Methods Used to Detect, Characterize, and Monitor the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rocky Mountain Tribal Communities. Public Health Rep 2023; 138:38S-47S. [PMID: 37461886 PMCID: PMC10352695 DOI: 10.1177/00333549231179457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data were essential to public health decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet no single data source was adequate for Tribes in Montana and Wyoming. We outlined data access, availability, and limitations for COVID-19 pandemic surveillance response to improve future data exchange. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center (RMTEC) used various data sources to deliver data on the number of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and vaccinations at local, state, and regional levels to inform Tribes in Montana and Wyoming. RMTEC reviewed state, federal, and public datasets and then attached a score to each dataset for completeness of demographic information, including race, geographic level, and refresh rate. RESULTS The RMTEC COVID-19 response team shared data weekly on the number of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and vaccinations distributed and the percentage of the population vaccinated with Tribal health departments in Montana and Wyoming. The Indian Health Service Epidemiology Data Mart dataset scored the highest (24 of 30), followed by datasets from Montana (18 of 30) and Wyoming (22 of 30). Publicly available datasets scored low largely due to data aggregation across larger geographic areas and lack of demographic variables. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The absence of data on race and ethnicity from publicly available data and lack of access to real-time data limited RMTEC's ability to provide Tribal-specific updates on COVID-19 cases, deaths, and vaccinations to Tribal health departments. RMTEC should be fully funded to provide the necessary resources for data management and the capacity to respond to data requests from Tribal health departments and their programs to address current and future pandemics. Federal and state agencies should also be educated on Tribal Epidemiology Centers' public health authority status to improve access to infectious disease data among those agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Dobrinen
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Lea Moser
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
| | - David White
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
- CDC Foundation, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sulaiman Alquwayfili
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Dyani Bingham
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Helen Tesfai
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, Rocky Mountain Tribal Epidemiology Center, Billings, MT, USA
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Caron NR, Adam W, Anderson K, Boswell BT, Chongo M, Deineko V, Dick A, Hall SE, Hatcher JT, Howard P, Hunt M, Linn K, O'Neill A. Partnering with First Nations in Northern British Columbia Canada to Reduce Inequity in Access to Genomic Research. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20105783. [PMID: 37239512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous-led, culturally safe health research and infrastructure are essential to address existing inequities and disparities for Indigenous Peoples globally. Biobanking, genomic research, and self-governance could reduce the existing divide and increase Indigenous participation in health research. While genomic research advances medicine, barriers persist for Indigenous patients to benefit. In northern BC, Canada, the Northern Biobank Initiative (NBI), with guidance from a Northern First Nations Biobank Advisory Committee (NFNBAC), has engaged in consultations with First Nations on biobanking and genomic research. Key informant interviews and focus groups conducted with First Nations leaders, Elders, Knowledge Keepers, and community members established culturally safe ways of biobanking and exploring genomic research. Strong support for a Northern British Columbia First Nations Biobank (NBCFNB) that will promote choice, inclusion, and access to health research opportunities emerged. The acceptance and enthusiasm for the development of this NBCFNB and its governance table highlight the shift towards Indigenous ownership and support of health research and its benefits. With engagement and partnership, community awareness, multigenerational involvement, and support from diverse and experienced healthcare leaders, the NBCFNB will establish this culturally safe, locally driven, and critically important research priority that may serve as an example for diverse Indigenous groups when designing their unique biobanking or genomic research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine R Caron
- UBC Northern Medical Program and Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- UBC Centre for Excellence in Indigenous Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- First Nations Health Authority Chair in Cancer and Wellness at UBC, UBC Health and Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wilf Adam
- Elder Advisor, Burns Lake, BC V0J 1E0, Canada
| | - Kate Anderson
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Brooke T Boswell
- Community Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Meck Chongo
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada
| | - Viktor Deineko
- Northern Biobank at the University Hospital of Northern BC, Northern Health, George, BC V2M 1S2, Canada
| | - Alexanne Dick
- First Nations Health Authority Chair in Cancer and Wellness at UBC, UBC Health and Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shannon E Hall
- First Nations Biobank, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver Campus, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jessica T Hatcher
- UBC Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Patricia Howard
- First Nations Health Authority, Northern Region, Prince George, BC V2L 5R8, Canada
| | - Megan Hunt
- First Nations Health Authority, Northern Region, Prince George, BC V2L 5R8, Canada
| | - Kevin Linn
- First Nations Health Authority Chair in Cancer and Wellness at UBC, UBC Health and Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ashling O'Neill
- UBC Northern Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
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Jurmu M, Niskanen I, Kinnula A, Kääriäinen J, Ylikerälä M, Räsänen P, Tuikka T. Exploring the Role of Federated Data Spaces in Implementing Twin Transition within Manufacturing Ecosystems. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23094315. [PMID: 37177517 PMCID: PMC10181727 DOI: 10.3390/s23094315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Globally, manufacturing ecosystems are facing the challenge of twin transition, i.e., how to utilize digitalization for improving or transforming the sustainability of manufacturing operations. Here, operations refer widely to the upstream of manufacturing, while the entire product lifecycle also covers the downstream and end-of-life operations. Here, sustainability is understood to consider the impact of the product lifecycle at environmental, social, and governance (ESG) levels. In this article, we explore this progress through the digitalization concept of business-to-business data sharing, and through one example of a manufacturing ecosystem in Finland. We discuss the federated data space concept and the international data spaces (IDS) architecture as technological building blocks of twin transition, and report the first results from an industry-research shared-risk project. Semi-structured interviews and a diary-style reporting from an industry-research IDS proof-of-concept (PoC) experiment are presented and analyzed within a design science research method framework. The findings give the first indications that while data sharing is seen as important and increasing in relevance in industry, it is currently challenging for companies to see how an open standard architecture creates value beyond a single limited ecosystem view. We also highlight possible avenues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Jurmu
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Niskanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Atte Kinnula
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Kääriäinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Markus Ylikerälä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Pauli Räsänen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomo Tuikka
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
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7
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Carroll SR, Plevel R, Jennings LL, Garba I, Sterling R, Cordova-Marks FM, Hiratsuka V, Hudson M, Garrison NA. Extending the CARE Principles from tribal research policies to benefit sharing in genomic research. Front Genet 2022; 13:1052620. [PMID: 36437947 PMCID: PMC9691892 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1052620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Indigenous Peoples have historically been targets of extractive research that has led to little to no benefit. In genomics, such research not only exposes communities to harms and risks of misuse, but also deprives such communities of potential benefits. Tribes in the US have been exercising their sovereignty to limit this extractive practice by adopting laws and policies to govern research on their territories and with their citizens. Federally and state recognized tribes are in the strongest position to assert research oversight. Other tribes lack the same authority, given that federal and state governments do not recognize their rights to regulate research, resulting in varying levels of oversight by tribes. These governance measures establish collective protections absent from the US federal government's research oversight infrastructure, while setting expectations regarding benefits to tribes as political collectives. Using a legal epidemiology approach, the paper discusses findings from a review of Tribal research legislation, policy, and administrative materials from 26 tribes in the US. The discussion specifies issues viewed by tribes as facilitators and barriers to securing benefits from research for their nations and members/citizens, and describes preemptive and mitigating strategies pursued by tribes in response. These strategies are set within the framing of the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics), a set of standards developed to ensure that decisions made about data pertaining to Indigenous communities at the individual and tribal levels are responsive to their values and collective interests. Our findings illustrate gaps to address for benefit sharing and a need to strengthen Responsibility and Ethics in tribal research governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Russo Carroll
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rebecca Plevel
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Law Library, School of Law, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Lydia L. Jennings
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ibrahim Garba
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rogena Sterling
- Te Kotahi Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Felina M. Cordova-Marks
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vanessa Hiratsuka
- Center for Human Development, College of Health, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Maui Hudson
- Te Kotahi Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Nanibaa’ A. Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, College of Letters and Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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8
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Sasa SM, Yellow Horse AJ. Just data representation for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders: A critical review of systemic Indigenous erasure in census and recommendations for psychologists. Am J Community Psychol 2022; 69:343-354. [PMID: 34878178 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The decennial Census survey marks the emergence of federal classifications of race and ethnicity by which the U.S. government has historically conflated Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPI, hereafter) as "Asian or Pacific Islander." This conflation amplifies health injustices and inequities of NHPIs through multiple mechanisms because it masks the complex and heterogeneous experiences of NHPIs, whose positions and relations with the settler state are qualitatively and substantially distinct from Asian Americans. This critical review examines federal documents and research to examine how the panethnic categorizations are often sustained through scientific inquiry and methodologies. We found that self-determination and self-identification for NHPIs are impeded by settler-colonial relations between U.S. colonization of parts of Oceania (e.g., Hawai'i, Sāmoa, Fiji, and Guam) and the forcefully imposed categorization that continues to be in use to legitimize the domination of Indigenous Peoples through race misclassification. Specifically, Census data collection fails to capture accurate and reliable data due to serious methodological limitations. These implications for psychological research compel us to make several recommendations for psychologists: (1) engage with NHPI community partners in all research processes; (2) critically examine Census research design and consider oversampling NHPI households to ensure just data representation; (3) meaningfully engage when, whether and how to aggregate Asian Americans with NHPIs; and (4) use Indigeneity as a critical framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Sasa
- Department of Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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9
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Carroll SR, Garba I, Plevel R, Small-Rodriguez D, Hiratsuka VY, Hudson M, Garrison NA. Using Indigenous Standards to Implement the CARE Principles: Setting Expectations through Tribal Research Codes. Front Genet 2022; 13:823309. [PMID: 35386282 PMCID: PMC8977641 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical data are now organized in large-scale databases allowing researchers worldwide to access and utilize the data for new projects. As new technologies generate even larger amounts of data, data governance and data management are becoming pressing challenges. The FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) were developed to facilitate data sharing. However, the Indigenous Data Sovereignty movement advocates for greater Indigenous control and oversight in order to share data on Indigenous Peoples’ terms. This is especially true in the context of genetic research where Indigenous Peoples historically have been unethically exploited in the name of science. This article outlines the relationship between sovereignty and ethics in the context of data to describe the collective rights that Indigenous Peoples assert to increase control over their biomedical data. Then drawing on the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance (Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics), we explore how standards already set by Native nations in the United States, such as tribal research codes, provide direction for implementation of the CARE Principles to complement FAIR. A broader approach to policy and procedure regarding tribal participation in biomedical research is required and we make recommendations for tribes, institutions, and ethical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Russo Carroll
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ibrahim Garba
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rebecca Plevel
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Library and Information Sciences, School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Law Library, School of Law, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Desi Small-Rodriguez
- Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,American Indian Studies Program, College of Social Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vanessa Y Hiratsuka
- Center for Human Development, College of Health, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Maui Hudson
- Te Kotahi Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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10
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Ring I, Griffiths K. Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Information: Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph181910274. [PMID: 34639572 PMCID: PMC8508232 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant developments in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health information over the last 25 years, many challenges remain. There are still uncertainties about the accuracy of estimates of the summary measure of life expectancy, and methods to estimate changes in life expectancy over time are unreliable because of changing patterns of identification. Far too little use is made of the wealth of information that is available, and formal systems for systematically using that information are often vestigial to non-existent. Available information has focussed largely on traditional biomedical topics and too little on access to, expenditure on, and availability of services required to improve health outcomes, and on the underpinning issues of social and emotional wellbeing. It is of concern that statistical artefacts may have been misrepresented as indicating real progress in key health indices. Challenges and opportunities for the future include improving the accuracy of estimation of life expectancy, provision of community level data, information on the availability and effectiveness of health services, measurement of the underpinning issues of racism, culture and social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB), enhancing the interoperability of data systems, and capacity building and mechanisms for Indigenous data governance. There is little point in having information unless it is used, and formal mechanisms for making full use of information in a proper policy/planning cycle are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Ring
- Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville 4810, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Kalinda Griffiths
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia;
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11
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Pedreira V, Barros D, Pinto P. A Review of Attacks, Vulnerabilities, and Defenses in Industry 4.0 with New Challenges on Data Sovereignty Ahead. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:5189. [PMID: 34372425 PMCID: PMC8347485 DOI: 10.3390/s21155189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The concepts brought by Industry 4.0 have been explored and gradually applied.The cybersecurity impacts on the progress of Industry 4.0 implementations and their interactions with other technologies require constant surveillance, and it is important to forecast cybersecurity-related challenges and trends to prevent and mitigate these impacts. The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) it presents the results of a systematic review of industry 4.0 regarding attacks, vulnerabilities and defense strategies, (2) it details and classifies the attacks, vulnerabilities and defenses mechanisms, and (3) it presents a discussion of recent challenges and trends regarding cybersecurity-related areas for Industry 4.0. From the systematic review, regarding the attacks, the results show that most attacks are carried out on the network layer, where dos-related and mitm attacks are the most prevalent ones. Regarding vulnerabilities, security flaws in services and source code, and incorrect validations in authentication procedures are highlighted. These are vulnerabilities that can be exploited by dos attacks and buffer overflows in industrial devices and networks. Regarding defense strategies, Blockchain is presented as one of the most relevant technologies under study in terms of defense mechanisms, thanks to its ability to be used in a variety of solutions, from Intrusion Detection Systems to the prevention of Distributed dos attacks, and most defense strategies are presented as an after-attack solution or prevention, in the sense that the defense mechanisms are only placed or thought, only after the harm has been done, and not as a mitigation strategy to prevent the cyberattack. Concerning challenges and trends, the review shows that digital sovereignty, cyber sovereignty, and data sovereignty are recent topics being explored by researchers within the Industry 4.0 scope, and GAIA-X and International Data Spaces are recent initiatives regarding data sovereignty. A discussion of trends is provided, and future challenges are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Pedreira
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (V.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Barros
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (V.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Pedro Pinto
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (V.P.); (D.B.)
- Universidade da Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
- INESC TEC, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Rowe RK, Carroll SR, Healy C, Rodriguez-Lonebear D, Walker JD. The SEEDS of Indigenous population health data linkage. Int J Popul Data Sci 2021; 6:1417. [PMID: 34212119 PMCID: PMC8218891 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v6i1.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, the ways that Indigenous data are collected, used, stored, shared, and analyzed are advancing through Indigenous data governance movements. However, these discussions do not always include the increasingly sensitive nature of linking Indigenous population health (IPH) data. During the International Population Data Linkage Network Conference in September of 2018, Indigenous people from three countries (Canada, New Zealand, and the United States) gathered and set the tone for discussions around Indigenous-driven IPH data linkage. OBJECTIVES Centering IPH data linkage and research priorities at the conference led to budding discussions from diverse Indigenous populations to share and build on current IPH data linkage themes. This paper provides a braided summary of those discussions which resulted in the SEEDS principles for use when linking IPH data. METHODS During the Conference, two sessions and a keynote were Indigenous-led and hosted by international collaborators that focused on regional perspectives on IPH data linkage. A retrospective document analysis of notes, discussions, and artistic contributions gathered from the conference resulted in a summary of shared common approaches to the linkage of IPH data. RESULTS The SEEDS Principles emerge as collective report that outlines a living and expanding set of guiding principles that: 1) prioritizes Indigenous Peoples' right to Self-determination; 2) makes space for Indigenous Peoples to Exercise sovereignty; 3) adheres to Ethical protocols; 4) acknowledges and respects Data stewardship and governance, and; 5) works to Support reconciliation between Indigenous nations and settler states. CONCLUSION Each of the elements of SEEDS need to be enacted together to create a positive data linkage environment. When implemented together, the SEEDS Principles can lead to more meaningful research and improved Indigenous data governance. The mindful implementation of SEEDS could lead to better measurements of health progress through linkages that are critical to enhancing health care policy and improving health and wellness outcomes for Indigenous nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn K. Rowe
- School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON., Canada, P3E2C6
| | - Stephanie Russo Carroll
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health and the Native Nations Institute at the Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Chyloe Healy
- Blackfoot Confederacy Tribal Council, First Nations Health & Social Secretariat of Manitoba
| | | | - Jennifer D. Walker
- School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON., Canada, P3E2C6
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13
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Carroll SR, Akee R, Chung P, Cormack D, Kukutai T, Lovett R, Suina M, Rowe RK. Indigenous Peoples' Data During COVID-19: From External to Internal. Front Sociol 2021; 6:617895. [PMID: 33869569 PMCID: PMC8022638 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2021.617895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global disease trackers quantifying the size, spread, and distribution of COVID-19 illustrate the power of data during the pandemic. Data are required for decision-making, planning, mitigation, surveillance, and monitoring the equity of responses. There are dual concerns about the availability and suppression of COVID-19 data; due to historic and ongoing racism and exclusion, publicly available data can be both beneficial and harmful. Systemic policies related to genocide and racism, and historic and ongoing marginalization, have led to limitations in quality, quantity, access, and use of Indigenous Peoples' COVID-19 data. Governments, non-profits, researchers, and other institutions must collaborate with Indigenous Peoples on their own terms to improve access to and use of data for effective public health responses to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Russo Carroll
- College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Native Nations Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Randall Akee
- Department of American Indian Studies and Public Policy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pyrou Chung
- Open Development Initiative, East West Management Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Donna Cormack
- Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tahu Kukutai
- National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Raymond Lovett
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michele Suina
- Albuquerque Area Indian Health Board–Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Robyn K. Rowe
- School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Greater Sudbury, ON, Canada
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14
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Garrison NA, Hudson M, Ballantyne LL, Garba I, Martinez A, Taualii M, Arbour L, Caron NR, Rainie SC. Genomic Research Through an Indigenous Lens: Understanding the Expectations. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2019; 20:495-517. [PMID: 30892943 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-083118-015434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous scholars are leading initiatives to improve access to genetic and genomic research and health care based on their unique cultural contexts and within sovereign-based governance models created and accepted by their peoples. In the past, Indigenous peoples' engagement with genomicresearch was hampered by a lack of standardized guidelines and institutional partnerships, resulting in group harms. This article provides a comparative analysis of research guidelines from Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States that pertain to Indigenous peoples. The goals of the analysis are to identify areas that need attention, support Indigenous-led governance, and promote the development of a model research policy framework for genomic research and health care that has international relevance for Indigenous peoples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA;
| | - Māui Hudson
- Faculty of Māori and Indigenous Studies, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand;
| | - Leah L Ballantyne
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada;
| | - Ibrahim Garba
- James E. Rogers College of Law, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.,Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85719, USA; , ,
| | - Andrew Martinez
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85719, USA; , ,
| | - Maile Taualii
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA;
| | - Laura Arbour
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; .,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada;
| | - Nadine R Caron
- Department of Surgery and Northern Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia V2N 4Z9, Canada.,Centre for Excellence in Indigenous Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada;
| | - Stephanie Carroll Rainie
- Native Nations Institute, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85719, USA; , , .,Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
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