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Nagel A, Popeda M, Muchlinska A, Sadej R, Szade J, Zielinski J, Skokowski J, Niemira M, Kretowski A, Markiewicz A, Zaczek AJ. ERα36-High Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as an Unfavorable Factor in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082005. [PMID: 35454913 PMCID: PMC9024776 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell type in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36), the alternatively spliced variant of ERα, is described as an unfavorable factor when expressed in cancer cells. ERα can be expressed also in CAFs; however, the role of ERα36 in CAFs is unknown. Methods: Four CAF cultures were isolated from chemotherapy-naïve BC patients and characterized for ERα36 expression and the NanoString gene expression panel using isolated RNA. Conditioned media from CAF cultures were used to assess the influence of CAFs on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells using a matrigel 3D culture assay. Results: We found that ERα36high CAFs significantly induced the branching of TNBC cells in vitro (p < 0.001). They also produced a set of pro-tumorigenic cytokines compared to ERα36low CAFs, among which hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was the main inducer of TNBC cell invasive phenotype in vitro (p < 0.001). Tumor stroma rich in ERα36high CAFs was correlated with high Ki67 expression (p = 0.041) and tumor-associated macrophages markers (CD68 and CD163, p = 0.041 for both). HGF was found to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in TCGA database analysis (p = 0.03 for DFS and p = 0.04 for OS). Conclusions: Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts represent distinct subtypes based on ERα36 expression. We propose that ERα36high CAFs could account for an unfavorable prognosis for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nagel
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Marta Popeda
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Muchlinska
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jaroslaw Skokowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.S.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics-Biobank Fahrenheit BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki Street 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15–276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15–276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna J. Zaczek
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48–58-349–14-38
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Notas G, Panagiotopoulos A, Vamvoukaki R, Kalyvianaki K, Kiagiadaki F, Deli A, Kampa M, Castanas E. ERα36-GPER1 Collaboration Inhibits TLR4/NFκB-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Activity in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147603. [PMID: 34299224 PMCID: PMC8303269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is important for the initiation and progression of breast cancer. We have previously reported that in monocytes, estrogen regulates TLR4/NFκB-mediated inflammation via the interaction of the Erα isoform ERα36 with GPER1. We therefore investigated whether a similar mechanism is present in breast cancer epithelial cells, and the effect of ERα36 expression on the classic 66 kD ERα isoform (ERα66) functions. We report that estrogen inhibits LPS-induced NFκB activity and the expression of downstream molecules TNFα and IL-6. In the absence of ERα66, ERα36 and GPER1 are both indispensable for this effect. In the presence of ERα66, ERα36 or GPER1 knock-down partially inhibits NFκB-mediated inflammation. In both cases, ERα36 overexpression enhances the inhibitory effect of estrogen on inflammation. We also verify that ERα36 and GPER1 physically interact, especially after LPS treatment, and that GPER1 interacts directly with NFκB. When both ERα66 and ERα36 are expressed, the latter acts as an inhibitor of ERα66 via its binding to estrogen response elements. We also report that the activation of ERα36 leads to the inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation. Our data support that ERα36 is an inhibitory estrogen receptor that, in collaboration with GPER1, inhibits NFκB-mediated inflammation and ERα66 actions in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Notas
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810-3945-56; Fax: +30-2810-3945-81
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Chamard-Jovenin C, Thiebaut C, Chesnel A, Bresso E, Morel C, Smail-Tabbone M, Devignes MD, Boukhobza T, Dumond H. Low-Dose Alkylphenol Exposure Promotes Mammary Epithelium Alterations and Transgenerational Developmental Defects, But Does Not Enhance Tumorigenic Behavior of Breast Cancer Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:272. [PMID: 29109696 PMCID: PMC5660105 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal and neonatal exposure to long-chain alkylphenols has been suspected to promote breast developmental disorders and consequently to increase breast cancer risk. However, disease predisposition from developmental exposures remains unclear. In this work, human MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells were exposed in vitro to a low dose of a realistic (4-nonylphenol + 4-tert-octylphenol) mixture. Transcriptome and cell-phenotype analyses combined to functional and signaling network modeling indicated that long-chain alkylphenols triggered enhanced proliferation, migration ability, and apoptosis resistance and shed light on the underlying molecular mechanisms which involved the human estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36) variant. A male mouse-inherited transgenerational model of exposure to three environmentally relevant doses of the alkylphenol mix was set up in order to determine whether and how it would impact on mammary gland architecture. Mammary glands from F3 progeny obtained after intrabuccal chronic exposure of C57BL/6J P0 pregnant mice followed by F1-F3 male inheritance displayed an altered histology which correlated with the phenotypes observed in vitro in human mammary epithelial cells. Since cellular phenotypes are similar in vivo and in vitro and involve the unique ERα36 human variant, such consequences of alkylphenol exposure could be extrapolated from mouse model to human. However, transient alkylphenol treatments combined to ERα36 overexpression in mammary epithelial cells were not sufficient to trigger tumorigenesis in xenografted Nude mice. Therefore, it remains to be determined if low-dose alkylphenol transgenerational exposure and subsequent abnormal mammary gland development could account for an increased breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Chamard-Jovenin
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Charlène Thiebaut
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Amand Chesnel
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuel Bresso
- Université de Lorraine, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Inria, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Chloé Morel
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Malika Smail-Tabbone
- Université de Lorraine, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Inria, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Devignes
- Université de Lorraine, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Inria, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, LORIA, UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Taha Boukhobza
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Dumond
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- *Correspondence: Hélène Dumond,
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