1
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Bidoul N, Roisin N, Flandre D. Tuning the Intrinsic Stochasticity of Resistive Switching in VO 2 Microresistors. Nano Lett 2024. [PMID: 38757925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) microresistors exhibit resistive switching above a certain threshold voltage, allowing them to emulate neurons in neuromorphic systems. However, such devices present intrinsic cycle-to-cycle variations in their resistances and threshold voltages, which can be detrimental or beneficial, depending on their use. Here, we study this stochasticity in VO2 microresistors with various grain sizes and dimensions, through high-resolution electrical and optical measurements across numerous cycles. Our results highlight that the cycle-to-cycle variations in threshold voltage increase as the grain size becomes comparable to the device dimensions. We also present observations of multimodal threshold voltage distributions in the smaller-length resistors. To understand the underlying phenomenon, we investigate the relationship between the device insulating resistance and threshold voltage distributions, showing that these modes could correspond to distinct percolation paths and filaments. Our findings provide the first experimentally verified guidelines for designing VO2 devices with minimized/maximized stochasticity, depending on the targeted application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Bidoul
- Institute for Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Roisin
- Institute for Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Denis Flandre
- Institute for Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
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2
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Zhou X, Xu H, Zhang J, Tang L, Chen X, Mao Z. Re-emerging magnetic order in correlated van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:205803. [PMID: 38295441 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad24bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) gap is a significant feature that distinguishes vdW magnets from traditional magnets. Manipulating the magnetic properties by changing the vdW gap has been hot topic in condensed matter research. Here we report a re-emerging magnetic order induced by pressure in a correlated vdW antiferromagnetic insulator NiPS3. It is found that the interlayer magnetoresistance (MR) nearly vanishes at the critical pressure where the crystal structure transforms fromC2/mphase to the slidingC2/mphase. On further compression within the slidingC2/mphase, a substantially enhanced MR emerges from low temperature associated with an insulator-to-metal transition, indicating a metallic antiferromagnetic phase. The enhanced re-emerging MR in slidingC2/mphase can be ascribed to the increasing magnetic interaction between neighboring layers due to the vdW gap narrowing. Our results provide important experimental clues for understanding the pressure effects on magnetism in correlated layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhou
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Xu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongquan Mao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
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3
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Zhang J, Tancogne-Dejean N, Xian L, Boström EV, Claassen M, Kennes DM, Rubio A. Ultrafast Spin Dynamics and Photoinduced Insulator-to-Metal Transition in α-RuCl 3. Nano Lett 2023; 23:8712-8718. [PMID: 37695730 PMCID: PMC10540253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization is a phenomenon of utmost interest and attracts significant attention because it enables potential applications in ultrafast optoelectronics and spintronics. As a spin-orbit coupling assisted magnetic insulator, α-RuCl3 provides an attractive platform to explore the physics of electronic correlations and unconventional magnetism. Using time-dependent density functional theory, we explore the ultrafast laser-induced dynamics of the electronic and magnetic structures in α-RuCl3. Our study unveils that laser pulses can introduce ultrafast demagnetizations, accompanied by an out-of-equilibrium insulator-to-metal transition in a few tens of femtoseconds. The spin response significantly depends on the laser wavelength and polarization on account of the electron correlations, band renormalizations, and charge redistributions. These findings provide physical insights into the coupling between the electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom in α-RuCl3 and shed light on suppressing the long-range magnetic orders and reaching a proximate spin liquid phase for two-dimensional magnets on an ultrafast time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lede Xian
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Emil Viñas Boström
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Claassen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dante M Kennes
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
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4
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Kim JH, Kim SG, Kim SH, Han KH, Kim J, Yu HY. Highly Tunable Negative Differential Resistance Device Based on Insulator-to-Metal Phase Transition of Vanadium Dioxide. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37339325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Negative differential resistance (NDR) based on the band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) mechanism has recently shown great potential in improving the performance of various electronic devices. However, the applicability of conventional BTBT-based NDR devices is restricted by their insufficient performance due to the limitations of the NDR mechanism. In this study, we develop an insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT)-based NDR device that exploits the abrupt resistive switching of vanadium dioxide (VO2) to achieve a high peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) and peak current density (Jpeak) as well as controllable peak and valley voltages (Vpeak/valley). When a phase transition is induced in VO2, the effective voltage bias on the two-dimensional channel is decreased by the reduction in the VO2 resistance. Accordingly, the effective voltage adjustment induced by the IMT results in an abrupt NDR. This NDR mechanism based on the abrupt IMT results in a maximum PVCR of 71.1 through its gate voltage and VO2 threshold voltage tunability characteristics. Moreover, Vpeak/valley is easily modulated by controlling the length of VO2. In addition, a maximum Jpeak of 1.6 × 106 A/m2 is achieved through light-tunable characteristics. The proposed IMT-based NDR device is expected to contribute to the development of various NDR devices for next-generation electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seung-Geun Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Kim
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyun Han
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Hyun-Yong Yu
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
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5
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Liu R, Si L, Niu W, Zhang X, Chen Z, Zhu C, Zhuang W, Chen Y, Zhou L, Zhang C, Wang P, Song F, Tang L, Xu Y, Zhong Z, Zhang R, Wang X. Light-Induced Mott-Insulator-to-Metal Phase Transition in Ultrathin Intermediate-Spin Ferromagnetic Perovskite Ruthenates. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2211612. [PMID: 36626850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Light control of emergent quantum phenomena is a widely used external stimulus for quantum materials. Generally, perovskite strontium ruthenate SrRuO3 has an itinerant ferromagnetism with a low-spin state. However, the phase of intermediate-spin (IS) ferromagnetic metallic state has never been seen. Here, by means of UV-light irradiation, a photocarrier-doping-induced Mott-insulator-to-metal phase transition is shown in a few atomic layers of perovskite IS ferromagnetic SrRuO3- δ . This new metastable IS metallic phase can be reversibly regulated due to the convenient photocharge transfer from SrTiO3 substrates to SrRuO3- δ ultrathin films. These dynamical mean-field theory calculations further verify such photoinduced electronic phase transformation, owing to oxygen vacancies and orbital reconstruction. The optical manipulation of charge-transfer finesse is an alternative pathway toward discovering novel metastable phases in strongly correlated systems and facilitates potential light-controlled device applications in optoelectronics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liang Si
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Wei Niu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Changzheng Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhuang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yongda Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liqi Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chunchen Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Fengqi Song
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongbing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 316005, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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6
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Chen XY, Yin ZB, Liu S, Long MQ, Wang YP. Effects of pressure and strain on physical properties of VI 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:485402. [PMID: 34488194 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac23fc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The van der Waals ferromagnetic material VI3is a magnetic Mott insulator. In this work, we investigate the effects of isotropic and anisotropic pressure on the atomic structure and the electronic structure of VI3using the first-principles method. The in-plane strain induces structural distortion and breaks the three-fold rotational symmetry of the lattice. Both the in-plane and out-of-plane strain widen the conduction and the valence bands, reduce the energy band gap and drive VI3from a semiconductor to a three-dimensional metal. The structural distortion is not the cause of insulator-to-metal transition. Calculations of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy indicate an easy-axis to easy-plane transition when the pressure is higher than 2 GPa. The ferromagnetic Curie temperature falls from 63 K at 0 GPa to 25 K at 6 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Chen
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Micro Structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Bo Yin
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Micro Structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Micro Structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qiu Long
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Micro Structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Micro Structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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7
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Evarestov RA, Kuzmin A. Origin of pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition in the van der Waals compound FePS 3 from first-principles calculations. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1337-1344. [PMID: 32091135 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) has been studied in the van der Waals compound iron thiophosphate (FePS3 ) using first-principles calculations within the periodic linear combination of atomic orbitals method with hybrid Hartree-Fock-DFT B3LYP functional. Our calculations reproduce correctly the IMT at ∼15 GPa, which is accompanied by a reduction of the unit cell volume and of the vdW gap. We found from the detailed analysis of the projected density of states that the 3p states of phosphorus atoms contribute significantly at the bottom of the conduction band. As a result, the collapse of the band gap occurs due to changes in the electronic structure of FePS3 induced by relative displacements of phosphorus or sulfur atoms along the c-axis direction under pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Evarestov
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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8
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Jager MF, Ott C, Kraus PM, Kaplan CJ, Pouse W, Marvel RE, Haglund RF, Neumark DM, Leone SR. Tracking the insulator-to-metal phase transition in VO 2 with few-femtosecond extreme UV transient absorption spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:9558-63. [PMID: 28827356 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707602114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coulomb correlations can manifest in exotic properties in solids, but how these properties can be accessed and ultimately manipulated in real time is not well understood. The insulator-to-metal phase transition in vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a canonical example of such correlations. Here, few-femtosecond extreme UV transient absorption spectroscopy (FXTAS) at the vanadium M2,3 edge is used to track the insulator-to-metal phase transition in VO2 This technique allows observation of the bulk material in real time, follows the photoexcitation process in both the insulating and metallic phases, probes the subsequent relaxation in the metallic phase, and measures the phase-transition dynamics in the insulating phase. An understanding of the VO2 absorption spectrum in the extreme UV is developed using atomic cluster model calculations, revealing V3+/d2 character of the vanadium center. We find that the insulator-to-metal phase transition occurs on a timescale of 26 ± 6 fs and leaves the system in a long-lived excited state of the metallic phase, driven by a change in orbital occupation. Potential interpretations based on electronic screening effects and lattice dynamics are discussed. A Mott-Hubbard-type mechanism is favored, as the observed timescales and d2 nature of the vanadium metal centers are inconsistent with a Peierls driving force. The findings provide a combined experimental and theoretical roadmap for using time-resolved extreme UV spectroscopy to investigate nonequilibrium dynamics in strongly correlated materials.
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9
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Song GY, Oh C, Sinha S, Son J, Heo J. Facile Phase Control of Multivalent Vanadium Oxide Thin Films (V 2O 5 and VO 2) by Atomic Layer Deposition and Postdeposition Annealing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:23909-23917. [PMID: 28569063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition was adopted to deposit VOx thin films using vanadyl tri-isopropoxide {VO[O(C3H7)]3, VTIP} and water (H2O) at 135 °C. The self-limiting and purge-time-dependent growth behaviors were studied by ex situ ellipsometry to determine the saturated growth conditions for atomic-layer-deposited VOx. The as-deposited films were found to be amorphous. The structural, chemical, and optical properties of the crystalline thin films with controlled phase formation were investigated after postdeposition annealing at various atmospheres and temperatures. Reducing and oxidizing atmospheres enabled the formation of pure VO2 and V2O5 phases, respectively. The possible band structures of the crystalline VO2 and V2O5 thin films were established. Furthermore, an electrochemical response and a voltage-induced insulator-to-metal transition in the vertical metal-vanadium oxide-metal device structure were observed for V2O5 and VO2 films, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Yeom Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chadol Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soumyadeep Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeong Heo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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10
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Wang Z, He Y, Gu M, Du Y, Mao SX, Wang C. Electron Transfer Governed Crystal Transformation of Tungsten Trioxide upon Li Ions Intercalation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:24567-24572. [PMID: 27575951 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reversible insertion/extraction of foreign ions into/from a host lattice constitutes the fundamental operating principle of rechargeable battery and electrochromic materials. The insertion of foreign ions is a far more commonly observed structural evolution of the host lattice, and for the most cases such a lattice evolution is subtle. However, it has not been clear what factors control such a lattice structural evolution. Based on the tungsten trioxide (WO3) model crystal, we use in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with density functional theory calculations to explore the nature of Li ions intercalation induced crystal symmetry evolution of WO3. We discovered that Li insertion into the octahedral cavity of the WO3 lattice will lead to a low to high symmetry transition, featuring a sequential monoclinic → tetragonal → cubic phase transition. The density functional theory results reveal that the phase transition is essentially governed by the electron transfer from Li to the WO6 octahedrons, which effectively leads to the weakening the W-O bond and modifies system band structure, resulting in an insulator-to-metal transition. The observation of the electronic effect on crystal symmetry and conductivity is significant, providing deep insights on the intercalation reactions in secondary rechargeable ion batteries and the approach for tailoring the functionalities of material based on insertion of ions in the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Wang
- School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Meng Gu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratories, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yingge Du
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Scott X Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Chongmin Wang
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratories, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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11
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Altendorf SG, Jeong J, Passarello D, Aetukuri NB, Samant MG, Parkin SSP. Facet-Independent Electric-Field-Induced Volume Metallization of Tungsten Trioxide Films. Adv Mater 2016; 28:5284-92. [PMID: 27159503 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Reversible metallization of band and Mott insulators by ionic-liquid gating is accompanied by significant structural changes. A change in conductivity of seven orders of magnitude at room temperature is found in epitaxial films of WO3 with an associated monoclinic-to-cubic structural reorganization. The migration of oxygen ions along open volume channels is the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone G Altendorf
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, 95120, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Jaewoo Jeong
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, 95120, USA
| | - Donata Passarello
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, 95120, USA
- Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 9, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Fachbereich Physik, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 56, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | | | - Stuart S P Parkin
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, 95120, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle, Germany
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12
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Bera A, Lin W, Yao Y, Ding J, Lourembam J, Wu T. ZnO Nanorods on a LaAlO3 -SrTiO3 Interface: Hybrid 1D-2D Diodes with Engineered Electronic Properties. Small 2016; 12:802-809. [PMID: 26707567 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Integrating nanomaterials with different dimensionalities and properties is a versatile approach toward realizing new functionalities in advanced devices. Here, a novel diode-type heterostructure is reported consisting of 1D semiconducting ZnO nanorods and 2D metallic LaAlO3-SrTiO3 interface. Tunable insulator-to-metal transitions, absent in the individual components, are observed as a result of the competing temperature-dependent conduction mechanisms. Detailed transport analysis reveals direct tunneling at low bias, Fowler-Nordheim tunneling at high forward bias, and Zener breakdown at high reverse bias. Our results highlight the rich electronic properties of such artificial diodes with hybrid dimensionalities, and the design principle may be generalized to other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Bera
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weinan Lin
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yingbang Yao
- Nanofab and Thin Film Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junfeng Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - James Lourembam
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Tom Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Abstract
We report ambipolar transport properties in black phosphorus using an electric-double-layer transistor configuration. The transfer curve clearly exhibits ambipolar transistor behavior with an ON-OFF ratio of ∼5 × 10(3). The band gap was determined as ≅0.35 eV from the transfer curve, and Hall-effect measurements revealed that the hole mobility was ∼190 cm(2)/(V s) at 170 K, which is 1 order of magnitude larger than the electron mobility. By inducing an ultrahigh carrier density of ∼10(14) cm(-2), an electric-field-induced transition from the insulating state to the metallic state was realized, due to both electron and hole doping. Our results suggest that black phosphorus will be a good candidate for the fabrication of functional devices, such as lateral p-n junctions and tunnel diodes, due to the intrinsic narrow band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Saito
- †Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Iwasa
- †Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- ‡RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
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Madan H, Jerry M, Pogrebnyakov A, Mayer T, Datta S. Quantitative mapping of phase coexistence in Mott-Peierls insulator during electronic and thermally driven phase transition. ACS Nano 2015; 9:2009-2017. [PMID: 25632880 DOI: 10.1021/nn507048d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative impedance mapping of the spatially inhomogeneous insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) is performed with a lateral resolution of 50 nm through near-field scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) at 16 GHz. SMM is used to measure spatially resolved electronic properties of the phase coexistence in an unstrained VO2 film during the electrically as well as thermally induced IMT. A quantitative impedance map of both the electrically driven filamentary conduction and the thermally induced bulk transition is established. This was modeled as a 2-D heterogeneous resistive network where the distribution function of the IMT temperature across the sample is captured. Applying the resistive network model for the electrically induced IMT case, we reproduce the filamentary nature of electronically induced IMT, which elucidates a cascading avalanche effect triggered by the local electric field across nanoscale insulating and metallic domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Madan
- Electrical Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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