1
|
Hall DD, Takeshima H, Song LS. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Junctophilin Family. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:123-147. [PMID: 37931168 PMCID: PMC10922073 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
In both excitable and nonexcitable cells, diverse physiological processes are linked to different calcium microdomains within nanoscale junctions that form between the plasma membrane and endo-sarcoplasmic reticula. It is now appreciated that the junctophilin protein family is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and modulating the structure and function of these junctions. We review foundational findings from more than two decades of research that have uncovered how junctophilin-organized ultrastructural domains regulate evolutionarily conserved biological processes. We discuss what is known about the junctophilin family of proteins. Our goal is to summarize the current knowledge of junctophilin domain structure, function, and regulation and to highlight emerging avenues of research that help our understanding of the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation of this gene family and its roles in health and during disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duane D Hall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; ,
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; ,
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wette SG, Lamb GD, Murphy RM. Calpain-3 Is Not a Sodium Dependent Protease and Simply Requires Calcium for Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119405. [PMID: 37298357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Calpain-3 (CAPN3) is a muscle-specific member of the calpain family of Ca2+-dependent proteases. It has been reported that CAPN3 can also be autolytically activated by Na+ ions in the absence of Ca2+, although this was only shown under non-physiological ionic conditions. Here we confirm that CAPN3 does undergo autolysis in the presence of high [Na+], but this only occurred if all K+ normally present in a muscle cell was absent, and it did not occur even in 36 mM Na+, higher than what would ever be reached in exercising muscle if normal [K+] was present. CAPN3 in human muscle homogenates was autolytically activated by Ca2+, with ~50% CAPN3 autolysing in 60 min in the presence of 2 µM Ca2+. In comparison, autolytic activation of CAPN1 required about 5-fold higher [Ca2+] in the same conditions and tissue. After it was autolysed, CAPN3 unbound from its tight binding on titin and became diffusible, but only if the autolysis led to complete removal of the IS1 inhibitory peptide within CAPN3, reducing the C-terminal fragment to 55 kDa. Contrary to a previous report, activation of CAPN3, either by raised [Ca2+] or Na+ treatment, did not cause proteolysis of the skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel-ryanodine receptor, RyR1, in physiological ionic conditions. Treatment of human muscle homogenates with high [Ca2+] caused autolytic activation of CAPN1, accompanied by proteolysis of some titin and complete proteolysis of junctophilin (JP1, full length ~95 kDa), generating an equimolar amount of a diffusible ~75 kDa N-terminal JP1 fragment, but without any proteolysis of RyR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G Wette
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Graham D Lamb
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sheard TMD, Hurley ME, Smith AJ, Colyer J, White E, Jayasinghe I. Three-dimensional visualization of the cardiac ryanodine receptor clusters and the molecular-scale fraying of dyads. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210316. [PMID: 36189802 PMCID: PMC9527906 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clusters of ryanodine receptor calcium channels (RyRs) form the primary molecular machinery of intracellular calcium signalling in cardiomyocytes. While a range of optical super-resolution microscopy techniques have revealed the nanoscale structure of these clusters, the three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale topologies of the clusters have remained mostly unresolved. In this paper, we demonstrate the exploitation of molecular-scale resolution in enhanced expansion microscopy (EExM) along with various 2D and 3D visualization strategies to observe the topological complexities, geometries and molecular sub-domains within the RyR clusters. Notably, we observed sub-domains containing RyR-binding protein junctophilin-2 (JPH2) occupying the central regions of RyR clusters in the deeper interior of the myocytes (including dyads), while the poles were typically devoid of JPH2, lending to a looser RyR arrangement. By contrast, peripheral RyR clusters exhibited variable co-clustering patterns and ratios between RyR and JPH2. EExM images of dyadic RyR clusters in right ventricular (RV) myocytes isolated from rats with monocrotaline-induced RV failure revealed hallmarks of RyR cluster fragmentation accompanied by breaches in the JPH2 sub-domains. Frayed RyR patterns observed adjacent to these constitute new evidence that the destabilization of the RyR arrays inside the JPH2 sub-domains may seed the primordial foci of dyad remodelling observed in heart failure. This article is part of the theme issue 'The cardiomyocyte: new revelations on the interplay between architecture and function in growth, health, and disease'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M D Sheard
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Miriam E Hurley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew J Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - John Colyer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ed White
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Izzy Jayasinghe
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guillén-Samander A, Wu Y, Pineda SS, García FJ, Eisen JN, Leonzino M, Ugur B, Kellis M, Heiman M, De Camilli P. A partnership between the lipid scramblase XK and the lipid transfer protein VPS13A at the plasma membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205425119. [PMID: 35994651 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205425119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) and McLeod syndrome are diseases with shared clinical manifestations caused by mutations in VPS13A and XK, respectively. Key features of these conditions are the degeneration of caudate neurons and the presence of abnormally shaped erythrocytes. XK belongs to a family of plasma membrane (PM) lipid scramblases whose action results in exposure of PtdSer at the cell surface. VPS13A is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored lipid transfer protein with a putative role in the transport of lipids at contacts of the ER with other membranes. Recently VPS13A and XK were reported to interact by still unknown mechanisms. So far, however, there is no evidence for a colocalization of the two proteins at contacts of the ER with the PM, where XK resides, as VPS13A was shown to be localized at contacts between the ER and either mitochondria or lipid droplets. Here we show that VPS13A can also localize at ER-PM contacts via the binding of its PH domain to a cytosolic loop of XK, that such interaction is regulated by an intramolecular interaction within XK, and that both VPS13A and XK are highly expressed in the caudate neurons. Binding of the PH domain of VPS13A to XK is competitive with its binding to intracellular membranes that mediate other tethering functions of VPS13A. Our findings support a model according to which VPS13A-dependent lipid transfer between the ER and the PM is coupled to lipid scrambling within the PM. They raise the possibility that defective cell surface exposure of PtdSer may be responsible for neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang J, Shi Q, Wang Y, Dawson LW, Ciampa G, Zhao W, Zhang G, Chen B, Weiss RM, Grueter CE, Hall DD, Song LS. Gene Therapy With the N-Terminus of Junctophilin-2 Improves Heart Failure in Mice. Circ Res 2022; 130:1306-1317. [PMID: 35317607 PMCID: PMC9050933 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptional remodeling is known to contribute to heart failure (HF). Targeting stress-dependent gene expression mechanisms may represent a clinically relevant gene therapy option. We recently uncovered a salutary mechanism in the heart whereby JP2 (junctophilin-2), an essential component of the excitation-contraction coupling apparatus, is site-specifically cleaved and releases an N-terminal fragment (JP2NT [N-terminal fragment of JP2]) that translocates into the nucleus and functions as a transcriptional repressor of HF-related genes. This study aims to determine whether JP2NT can be leveraged by gene therapy techniques for attenuating HF progression in a preclinical pressure overload model. METHODS We intraventricularly injected adeno-associated virus (AAV) (2/9) vectors expressing eGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein), JP2NT, or DNA-binding deficient JP2NT (JP2NTΔbNLS/ARR) into neonatal mice and induced cardiac stress by transaortic constriction (TAC) 9 weeks later. We also treated mice with established moderate HF from TAC stress with either AAV-JP2NT or AAV-eGFP. RNA-sequencing analysis was used to reveal changes in hypertrophic and HF-related gene transcription by JP2NT gene therapy after TAC. Echocardiography, confocal imaging, and histology were performed to evaluate heart function and pathological myocardial remodeling following stress. RESULTS Mice preinjected with AAV-JP2NT exhibited ameliorated cardiac remodeling following TAC. The JP2NT DNA-binding domain is required for cardioprotection as its deletion within the AAV-JP2NT vector prevented improvement in TAC-induced cardiac dysfunction. Functional and histological data suggest that JP2NT gene therapy after the onset of cardiac dysfunction is effective at slowing the progression of HF. RNA-sequencing analysis further revealed a broad reversal of hypertrophic and HF-related gene transcription by JP2NT overexpression after TAC. CONCLUSIONS Our prevention- and intervention-based approaches here demonstrated that AAV-mediated delivery of JP2NT into the myocardium can attenuate stress-induced transcriptional remodeling and the development of HF when administered either before or after cardiac stress initiation. Our data indicate that JP2NT gene therapy holds great potential as a novel therapeutic for treating hypertrophy and HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Qian Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Yihui Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Logan W. Dawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Grace Ciampa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Guangqin Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Biyi Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Robert M. Weiss
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Chad E. Grueter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Duane D. Hall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Medical Center, IA 52242
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hou Y, Bai J, Shen X, de Langen O, Li A, Lal S, Dos Remedios CG, Baddeley D, Ruygrok PN, Soeller C, Crossman DJ. Nanoscale Organisation of Ryanodine Receptors and Junctophilin-2 in the Failing Human Heart. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724372. [PMID: 34690801 PMCID: PMC8531480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The disrupted organisation of the ryanodine receptors (RyR) and junctophilin (JPH) is thought to underpin the transverse tubule (t-tubule) remodelling in a failing heart. Here, we assessed the nanoscale organisation of these two key proteins in the failing human heart. Recently, an advanced feature of the t-tubule remodelling identified large flattened t-tubules called t-sheets, that were several microns wide. Previously, we reported that in the failing heart, the dilated t-tubules up to ~1 μm wide had increased collagen, and we hypothesised that the t-sheets would also be associated with collagen deposits. Direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), confocal microscopy, and western blotting were used to evaluate the cellular distribution of excitation-contraction structures in the cardiac myocytes from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) compared to myocytes from the non-failing (NF) human heart. The dSTORM imaging of RyR and JPH found no difference in the colocalisation between IDCM and NF myocytes, but there was a higher colocalisation at the t-tubule and sarcolemma compared to the corbular regions. Western blots revealed no change in the JPH expression but did identify a ~50% downregulation of RyR (p = 0.02). The dSTORM imaging revealed a trend for the smaller t-tubular RyR clusters (~24%) and reduced the t-tubular RyR cluster density (~35%) that resulted in a 50% reduction of t-tubular RyR tetramers in the IDCM myocytes (p < 0.01). Confocal microscopy identified the t-sheets in all the IDCM hearts examined and found that they are associated with the reticular collagen fibres within the lumen. However, the size and density of the RyR clusters were similar in the myocyte regions associated with t-sheets and t-tubules. T-tubule remodelling is associated with a reduced RyR expression that may contribute to the reduced excitation-contraction coupling in the failing human heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hou
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jizhong Bai
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oscar de Langen
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amy Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Sean Lal
- Faculty of Medicine and Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - David Baddeley
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter N Ruygrok
- Department of Cardiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - David J Crossman
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Urkasemsin G, Pongpanich M, Sariya L, Kongcharoen A, Buddhirongawatr R, Rungarunlert S, Ferreira JN, Chetruengchai W, Phokaew C, Srichomthong C, Shotelersuk V. Whole genome sequencing identifies a homozygous nonsense mutation in the JPH2 gene in Shih Tzu dogs with progressive retinal atrophy. Anim Genet 2021; 52:714-719. [PMID: 34231238 DOI: 10.1111/age.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), common autosomal recessive disorder affecting several dog breeds including Shih Tzu, is characterized by degeneration of photoreceptors leading to blindness. To identify PRA genetic variants, three affected and 15 unaffected Shih Tzu and 20 non-Shih Tzu were recruited. Dogs underwent ophthalmologic examination and electroretinography, revealing hallmark retina pathological changes and an abnormal electroretinography in all affected dogs but not in unaffected dogs. WGS was performed. Non-synonymous homozygous variants were searched in coding regions of genes involved in retinal diseases/development; the criterion was that variants should only be present in affected dogs and should be absent in both unaffected and 46 genomes of dogs (from an available evolutionary database). Only one out of the 109 identified variants is predicted to harbor a high-impact consequence, a nonsense c.452A>C (p.L151X) in the JPH2 gene. The genotype of JPH2 variant in all 38 dogs was determined with Sanger sequencing. All three affected dogs, but none of the 35 unaffected, were homozygous for the nonsense variant. JPH2 has been previously found to be expressed in several excitable cells/tissues including retina photoreceptors. Hence, JPH2 is a candidate gene for PRA in Shih Tzu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Urkasemsin
- Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - M Pongpanich
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Age-related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - L Sariya
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - A Kongcharoen
- Prasu-Arthorn Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - R Buddhirongawatr
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - S Rungarunlert
- Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - J N Ferreira
- Exocrine Gland Biology and Regeneration Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - W Chetruengchai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - C Phokaew
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - C Srichomthong
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - V Shotelersuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yin L, Zahradnikova A, Rizzetto R, Boncompagni S, Rabesahala de Meritens C, Zhang Y, Joanne P, Marqués-Sulé E, Aguilar-Sánchez Y, Fernández-Tenorio M, Villejoubert O, Li L, Wang YY, Mateo P, Nicolas V, Gerbaud P, Lai FA, Perrier R, Álvarez JL, Niggli E, Valdivia HH, Valdivia CR, Ramos-Franco J, Zorio E, Zissimopoulos S, Protasi F, Benitah JP, Gómez AM. Impaired Binding to Junctophilin-2 and Nanostructural Alteration in CPVT Mutation. Circ Res 2021; 129:e35-e52. [PMID: 34111951 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Yin
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Alexandra Zahradnikova
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Riccardo Rizzetto
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- CAST, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNICS), Medicine and Ageing Sciences (DMSI), University Gabriele d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy (S.B., F.P.)
| | | | - Yadan Zhang
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK (C.R.d.M., Y.Z., S.Z.)
| | - Pierre Joanne
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Elena Marqués-Sulé
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.).,Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (E.M.-S.)
| | - Yuriana Aguilar-Sánchez
- Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Y.A.-S., J.R.-F.)
| | | | - Olivier Villejoubert
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Linwei Li
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Yue Yi Wang
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Philippe Mateo
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | | | - Pascale Gerbaud
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - F Anthony Lai
- College of Medicine, Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, & Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (F.A.L.)
| | | | - Julio L Álvarez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.).,Institute of Cardiology, Havana, Cuba (J.L.A.)
| | - Ernst Niggli
- Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.F.-T., E.N.)
| | - Héctor H Valdivia
- Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (H.H.V., C.R.V.)
| | - Carmen R Valdivia
- Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (H.H.V., C.R.V.)
| | - Josefina Ramos-Franco
- Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Y.A.-S., J.R.-F.)
| | - Esther Zorio
- Cardiology Department and Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (E.Z.).,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (E.Z.)
| | - Spyros Zissimopoulos
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK (C.R.d.M., Y.Z., S.Z.)
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNICS), Medicine and Ageing Sciences (DMSI), University Gabriele d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy (S.B., F.P.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Benitah
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| | - Ana M Gómez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France (L.Y., A.Z., R.R., P.J., E.M.-S., O.V., L.L., Y.Y.W., P.M., P.G., R.P., J.L.A., J.-P.B., A.M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rohacs T. Keeping pain away by distancing the plasma membrane from the endoplasmic reticulum. J Physiol 2021; 599:1941-1942. [PMID: 33638182 DOI: 10.1113/jp281480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gross P, Johnson J, Romero CM, Eaton DM, Poulet C, Sanchez-Alonso J, Lucarelli C, Ross J, Gibb AA, Garbincius JF, Lambert J, Varol E, Yang Y, Wallner M, Feldsott EA, Kubo H, Berretta RM, Yu D, Rizzo V, Elrod J, Sabri A, Gorelik J, Chen X, Houser SR. Interaction of the Joining Region in Junctophilin-2 With the L-Type Ca 2+ Channel Is Pivotal for Cardiac Dyad Assembly and Intracellular Ca 2+ Dynamics. Circ Res 2021; 128:92-114. [PMID: 33092464 PMCID: PMC7790862 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) in normal hearts requires close approximation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) within the transverse tubules (T-tubules) and RyR (ryanodine receptors) within the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. CICR is disrupted in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, which is associated with loss of T-tubules and disruption of cardiac dyads. In these conditions, LTCCs are redistributed from the T-tubules to disrupt CICR. The molecular mechanism responsible for LTCCs recruitment to and from the T-tubules is not well known. JPH (junctophilin) 2 enables close association between T-tubules and the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum to ensure efficient CICR. JPH2 has a so-called joining region that is located near domains that interact with T-tubular plasma membrane, where LTCCs are housed. The idea that this joining region directly interacts with LTCCs and contributes to LTCC recruitment to T-tubules is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine if the joining region in JPH2 recruits LTCCs to T-tubules through direct molecular interaction in cardiomyocytes to enable efficient CICR. METHODS AND RESULTS Modified abundance of JPH2 and redistribution of LTCC were studied in left ventricular hypertrophy in vivo and in cultured adult feline and rat ventricular myocytes. Protein-protein interaction studies showed that the joining region in JPH2 interacts with LTCC-α1C subunit and causes LTCCs distribution to the dyads, where they colocalize with RyRs. A JPH2 with induced mutations in the joining region (mutPG1JPH2) caused T-tubule remodeling and dyad loss, showing that an interaction between LTCC and JPH2 is crucial for T-tubule stabilization. mutPG1JPH2 caused asynchronous Ca2+-release with impaired excitation-contraction coupling after β-adrenergic stimulation. The disturbed Ca2+ regulation in mutPG1JPH2 overexpressing myocytes caused calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation and altered myocyte bioenergetics. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between LTCC and the joining region in JPH2 facilitates dyad assembly and maintains normal CICR in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Cats
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Excitation Contraction Coupling
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Kinetics
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Organelle Biogenesis
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Gross
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Jaslyn Johnson
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Carlos M. Romero
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Deborah M. Eaton
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Claire Poulet
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Jose Sanchez-Alonso
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Carla Lucarelli
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Jean Ross
- Bioimaging Center Research, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark
| | - Andrew A. Gibb
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Joanne F. Garbincius
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Jonathan Lambert
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Erdem Varol
- Columbia University, Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Department of Statistics, New York, NY
| | - Yijun Yang
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Markus Wallner
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, CBmed GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Eric A. Feldsott
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Remus M. Berretta
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Daohai Yu
- Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - John Elrod
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Abdelkarim Sabri
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Julia Gorelik
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Steven R. Houser
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mathiesen SB, Lunde M, Stensland M, Martinsen M, Nyman TA, Christensen G, Carlson CR. The Cardiac Syndecan-2 Interactome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:792. [PMID: 32984315 PMCID: PMC7483480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is important in cardiac remodeling and syndecans have gained increased interest in this process due to their ability to convert changes in the ECM to cell signaling. In particular, syndecan-4 has been shown to be important for cardiac remodeling, whereas the role of its close relative syndecan-2 is largely unknown in the heart. To get more insight into the role of syndecan-2, we here sought to identify interaction partners of syndecan-2 in rat left ventricle. By using three different affinity purification methods combined with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we identified 30 novel partners and 9 partners previously described in the literature, which together make up the first cardiac syndecan-2 interactome. Eleven of the novel partners were also verified in HEK293 cells (i.e., AP2A2, CAVIN2, DDX19A, EIF4E, JPH2, MYL12A, NSF, PFDN2, PSMC5, PSMD11, and RRAD). The cardiac syndecan-2 interactome partners formed connections to each other and grouped into clusters mainly involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and protein metabolism, but also into a cluster consisting of a family of novel syndecan-2 interaction partners, the CAVINs. MS analyses revealed that although syndecan-2 was significantly enriched in fibroblast fractions, most of its partners were present in both cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Finally, a comparison of the cardiac syndecan-2 and -4 interactomes revealed surprisingly few protein partners in common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bech Mathiesen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Stensland
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marita Martinsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Departments of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nakada T, Kashihara T, Komatsu M, Kojima K, Takeshita T, Yamada M. Physical interaction of junctophilin and the Ca V1.1 C terminus is crucial for skeletal muscle contraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:4507-12. [PMID: 29632175 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716649115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Close physical association of CaV1.1 L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) at the sarcolemmal junctional membrane (JM) with ryanodine receptors (RyRs) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is crucial for excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) in skeletal muscle. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the JM targeting of LTCCs is unexplored. Junctophilin 1 (JP1) and JP2 stabilize the JM by bridging the sarcolemmal and SR membranes. Here, we examined the roles of JPs in localization and function of LTCCs. Knockdown of JP1 or JP2 in cultured myotubes inhibited LTCC clustering at the JM and suppressed evoked Ca2+ transients without disrupting JM structure. Coimmunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays demonstrated that JPs physically interacted with 12-aa residues in the proximal C terminus of the CaV1.1. A JP1 mutant lacking the C terminus including the transmembrane domain (JP1ΔCT) interacted with the sarcolemmal/T-tubule membrane but not the SR membrane. Expression of this mutant in adult mouse muscles in vivo exerted a dominant-negative effect on endogenous JPs, impairing LTCC-RyR coupling at triads without disrupting JM morphology, and substantially reducing Ca2+ transients without affecting SR Ca2+ content. Moreover, the contractile force of the JP1ΔCT-expressed muscle was dramatically reduced compared with the control. Taken together, JPs recruit LTCCs to the JM through physical interaction and ensure robust ECC at triads in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
|
14
|
Jayasinghe I, Clowsley AH, Lin R, Lutz T, Harrison C, Green E, Baddeley D, Di Michele L, Soeller C. True Molecular Scale Visualization of Variable Clustering Properties of Ryanodine Receptors. Cell Rep 2018; 22:557-567. [PMID: 29320748 PMCID: PMC5775502 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling nanodomains rely on spatial organization of proteins to allow controlled intracellular signaling. Examples include calcium release sites of cardiomyocytes where ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are clustered with their molecular partners. Localization microscopy has been crucial to visualizing these nanodomains but has been limited by brightness of markers, restricting the resolution and quantification of individual proteins clustered within. Harnessing the remarkable localization precision of DNA-PAINT (<10 nm), we visualized punctate labeling within these nanodomains, confirmed as single RyRs. RyR positions within sub-plasmalemmal nanodomains revealed how they are organized randomly into irregular clustering patterns leaving significant gaps occupied by accessory or regulatory proteins. RyR-inhibiting protein junctophilin-2 appeared highly concentrated adjacent to RyR channels. Analyzing these molecular maps showed significant variations in the co-clustering stoichiometry between junctophilin-2 and RyR, even between nearby nanodomains. This constitutes an additional level of complexity in RyR arrangement and regulation of calcium signaling, intrinsically built into the nanodomains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izzy Jayasinghe
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Ruisheng Lin
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tobias Lutz
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Carl Harrison
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ellen Green
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David Baddeley
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Perni S, Lavorato M, Beam KG. De novo reconstitution reveals the proteins required for skeletal muscle voltage-induced Ca 2+ release. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:13822-7. [PMID: 29229815 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716461115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in response to plasma membrane (PM) excitation. In vertebrates, this depends on activation of the RyR1 Ca2+ pore in the SR, under control of conformational changes of CaV1.1, located ∼12 nm away in the PM. Over the last ∼30 y, gene knockouts have revealed that CaV1.1/RyR1 coupling requires additional proteins, but leave open the possibility that currently untested proteins are also necessary. Here, we demonstrate the reconstitution of conformational coupling in tsA201 cells by expression of CaV1.1, β1a, Stac3, RyR1, and junctophilin2. As in muscle, depolarization evokes Ca2+ transients independent of external Ca2+ entry and having amplitude with a saturating dependence on voltage. Moreover, freeze-fracture electron microscopy indicates that the five identified proteins are sufficient to establish physical links between CaV1.1 and RyR1. Thus, these proteins constitute the key elements essential for excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
|
16
|
Jayasinghe ID, Munro M, Baddeley D, Launikonis BS, Soeller C. Observation of the molecular organization of calcium release sites in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle with nanoscale imaging. J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:rsif.2014.0570. [PMID: 25100314 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Localization microscopy is a fairly recently introduced super-resolution fluorescence imaging modality capable of achieving nanometre-scale resolution. We have applied the dSTORM variation of this method to image intracellular molecular assemblies in skeletal muscle fibres which are large cells that critically rely on nanoscale signalling domains, the triads. Immunofluorescence staining in fixed adult rat skeletal muscle sections revealed clear differences between fast- and slow-twitch fibres in the molecular organization of ryanodine receptors (RyRs; the primary calcium release channels) within triads. With the improved resolution offered by dSTORM, abutting arrays of RyRs in transverse view of fast fibres were observed in contrast to the fragmented distribution on slow-twitch muscle that were approximately 1.8 times shorter and consisted of approximately 1.6 times fewer receptors. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we have quantified the nanometre-scale spatial association between triadic proteins using multi-colour super-resolution, an analysis difficult to conduct with electron microscopy. Our findings confirm that junctophilin-1 (JPH1), which tethers the sarcoplasmic reticulum ((SR) intracellular calcium store) to the tubular (t-) system at triads, was present throughout the RyR array, whereas JPH2 was contained within much smaller nanodomains. Similar imaging of the primary SR calcium buffer, calsequestrin (CSQ), detected less overlap of the triad with CSQ in slow-twitch muscle supporting greater spatial heterogeneity in the luminal Ca2+ buffering when compared with fast twitch muscle. Taken together, these nanoscale differences can explain the fundamentally different physiologies of fast- and slow-twitch muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isuru D Jayasinghe
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michelle Munro
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Baddeley
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bradley S Launikonis
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christian Soeller
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Krause A, Mitchell C, Essop F, Tager S, Temlett J, Stevanin G, Ross C, Rudnicki D, Margolis R. Junctophilin 3 (JPH3) expansion mutations causing Huntington disease like 2 (HDL2) are common in South African patients with African ancestry and a Huntington disease phenotype. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2015; 168:573-85. [PMID: 26079385 PMCID: PMC4565761 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a progressive autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by abnormal movements, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms, caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene on chromosome 4p. A CAG/CTG repeat expansion in the junctophilin-3 (JPH3) gene on chromosome 16q24.2 causes a Huntington disease-like phenotype (HDL2). All patients to date with HDL2 have some African ancestry. The present study aimed to characterize the genetic basis of the Huntington disease phenotype in South Africans and to investigate the possible origin of the JPH3 mutation. In a sample of unrelated South African individuals referred for diagnostic HD testing, 62% (106/171) of white patients compared to only 36% (47/130) of black patients had an expansion in HTT. However, 15% (20/130) of black South African patients and no white patients (0/171) had an expansion in JPH3, confirming the diagnosis of Huntington disease like 2 (HDL2). Individuals with HDL2 share many clinical features with individuals with HD and are clinically indistinguishable in many cases, although the average age of onset and diagnosis in HDL2 is 5 years later than HD and individual clinical features may be more prominent. HDL2 mutations contribute significantly to the HD phenotype in South Africans with African ancestry. JPH3 haplotype studies in 31 families, mainly from South Africa and North America, provide evidence for a founder mutation and support a common African origin for all HDL2 patients. Molecular testing in individuals with an HD phenotype and African ancestry should include testing routinely for JPH3 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Claire Mitchell
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Fahmida Essop
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Susan Tager
- Department of Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - James Temlett
- Department of Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department Clinical Neurology, University of Adelaide and the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France
| | - Christopher Ross
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dobrila Rudnicki
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Russell Margolis
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang W, Landstrom AP, Wang Q, Munro ML, Beavers D, Ackerman MJ, Soeller C, Wehrens XHT. Reduced junctional Na+/Ca2+-exchanger activity contributes to sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in junctophilin-2-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1317-26. [PMID: 25193470 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00413.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Expression silencing of junctophilin-2 (JPH2) in mouse heart leads to ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2)-mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) leak and rapid development of heart failure. The mechanism and physiological significance of JPH2 in regulating RyR2-mediated SR Ca(2+) leak remains elusive. We sought to elucidate the role of JPH2 in regulating RyR2-mediated SR Ca(2+) release in the setting of cardiac failure. Cardiac myocytes isolated from tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockdown mice of JPH2 (MCM-shJPH2) were subjected to confocal Ca(2+) imaging. MCM-shJPH2 cardiomyocytes exhibited an increased spark frequency width with altered spark morphology, which caused increased SR Ca(2+) leakage. Single channel studies identified an increased RyR2 open probability in MCM-shJPH2 mice. The increase in spark frequency and width was observed only in MCM-shJPH2 and not found in mice with increased RyR2 open probability with native JPH2 expression. Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger (NCX) activity was reduced by 50% in MCM-shJPH2 with no detectable change in NCX expression. Additionally, 50% inhibition of NCX through Cd(2+) administration alone was sufficient to increase spark width in myocytes obtained from wild-type mice. Additionally, superresolution analysis of RyR2 and NCX colocalization showed a reduced overlap between RyR2 and NCX in MCM-shJPH2 mice. In conclusion, decreased JPH2 expression causes increased SR Ca(2+) leakage by directly increasing open probability of RyR2 and by indirectly reducing junctional NCX activity through increased dyadic cleft Ca(2+). This demonstrates two novel and independent cellular mechanisms by which JPH2 regulates RyR2-mediated SR Ca(2+) leak and heart failure development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Qiongling Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michelle L Munro
- Department of Physics, University of Exeter and Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - David Beavers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christian Soeller
- Department of Physics, University of Exeter and Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Landstrom AP, Beavers DL, Wehrens XHT. The junctophilin family of proteins: from bench to bedside. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:353-62. [PMID: 24636942 PMCID: PMC4041816 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Excitable tissues rely on junctional membrane complexes to couple cell surface signals to intracellular channels. The junctophilins have emerged as a family of proteins critical in coordinating the maturation and maintenance of this cellular ultrastructure. Within skeletal and cardiac muscle, junctophilin 1 and junctophilin 2, respectively, couple sarcolemmal and intracellular calcium channels. In neuronal tissue, junctophilin 3 and junctophilin 4 may have an emerging role in coupling membrane neurotransmitter receptors and intracellular calcium channels. These important physiological roles are highlighted by the pathophysiology which results when these proteins are perturbed, and a growing body of literature has associated junctophilins with the pathogenesis of human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Landstrom
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David L Beavers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang C, Chen B, Guo A, Zhu Y, Miller JD, Gao S, Yuan C, Kutschke W, Zimmerman K, Weiss RM, Wehrens XHT, Hong J, Johnson FL, Santana LF, Anderson ME, Song LS. Microtubule-mediated defects in junctophilin-2 trafficking contribute to myocyte transverse-tubule remodeling and Ca2+ handling dysfunction in heart failure. Circulation 2014; 129:1742-50. [PMID: 24519927 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.008452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac dysfunction in failing hearts of human patients and animal models is associated with both microtubule densification and transverse-tubule (T-tubule) remodeling. Our objective was to investigate whether microtubule densification contributes to T-tubule remodeling and excitation-contraction coupling dysfunction in heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS In a mouse model of pressure overload-induced cardiomyopathy by transaortic banding, colchicine, a microtubule depolymerizer, significantly ameliorated T-tubule remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. In cultured cardiomyocytes, microtubule depolymerization with nocodazole or colchicine profoundly attenuated T-tubule impairment, whereas microtubule polymerization/stabilization with taxol accelerated T-tubule remodeling. In situ immunofluorescence of heart tissue sections demonstrated significant disorganization of junctophilin-2 (JP2), a protein that bridges the T-tubule and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, in transaortic banded hearts as well as in human failing hearts, whereas colchicine injection significantly preserved the distribution of JP2 in transaortic banded hearts. In isolated mouse cardiomyocytes, prolonged culture or treatment with taxol resulted in pronounced redistribution of JP2 from T-tubules to the peripheral plasma membrane, without changing total JP2 expression. Nocodazole treatment antagonized JP2 redistribution. Moreover, overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of kinesin 1, a microtubule motor protein responsible for anterograde trafficking of proteins, protected against JP2 redistribution and T-tubule remodeling in culture. Finally, nocodazole treatment improved Ca(2+) handling in cultured myocytes by increasing the amplitude of Ca(2+) transients and reducing the frequency of Ca(2+) sparks. CONCLUSION Our data identify a mechanistic link between microtubule densification and T-tubule remodeling and reveal microtubule-mediated JP2 redistribution as a novel mechanism for T-tubule disruption, loss of excitation-contraction coupling, and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caimei Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (C.Z., B.C., A.G., Y.Z., S.G., W.K., R.M.W., F.L.J., M.E.A., L.-S.S.) and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.E.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA; Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China (Y.Z., J.H.); Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D.M.); Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (S.G.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA (C.Y., L.F.S.); Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA (K.Z.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (X.H.T.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Beavers DL, Wang W, Ather S, Voigt N, Garbino A, Dixit SS, Landstrom AP, Li N, Wang Q, Olivotto I, Dobrev D, Ackerman MJ, Wehrens XHT. Mutation E169K in junctophilin-2 causes atrial fibrillation due to impaired RyR2 stabilization. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62:2010-9. [PMID: 23973696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to study the role of junctophilin-2 (JPH2) in atrial fibrillation (AF). BACKGROUND JPH2 is believed to have an important role in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) handling and modulation of ryanodine receptor Ca(2+) channels (RyR2). Whereas defective RyR2-mediated Ca(2+) release contributes to the pathogenesis of AF, nothing is known about the potential role of JPH2 in atrial arrhythmias. METHODS Screening 203 unrelated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients uncovered a novel JPH2 missense mutation (E169K) in 2 patients with juvenile-onset paroxysmal AF (pAF). Pseudoknock-in (PKI) mouse models were generated to determine the molecular defects underlying the development of AF caused by this JPH2 mutation. RESULTS PKI mice expressing E169K mutant JPH2 exhibited a higher incidence of inducible AF than wild type (WT)-PKI mice, whereas A399S-PKI mice expressing a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-linked JPH2 mutation not associated with atrial arrhythmias were not significantly different from WT-PKI. E169K-PKI but not A399A-PKI atrial cardiomyocytes showed an increased incidence of abnormal SR Ca(2+) release events. These changes were attributed to reduced binding of E169K-JPH2 to RyR2. Atrial JPH2 levels in WT-JPH2 transgenic, nontransgenic, and JPH2 knockdown mice correlated negatively with the incidence of pacing-induced AF. Ca(2+) spark frequency in atrial myocytes and the open probability of single RyR2 channels from JPH2 knockdown mice was significantly reduced by a small JPH2-mimicking oligopeptide. Moreover, patients with pAF had reduced atrial JPH2 levels per RyR2 channel compared to sinus rhythm patients and an increased frequency of spontaneous Ca(2+) release events. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a novel mechanism by which reduced JPH2-mediated stabilization of RyR2 due to loss-of-function mutation or reduced JPH2/RyR2 ratios can promote SR Ca(2+) leak and atrial arrhythmias, representing a potential novel therapeutic target for AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Beavers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Wei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Sameer Ather
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Garbino
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Sayali S Dixit
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Depts of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics/Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Na Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Qiongling Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Iacopo Olivotto
- Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Depts of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics/Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
RATIONALE Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) homologous factors (FHFs; FGF11-14) are intracellular modulators of voltage-gated Na+ channels, but their cellular distribution in cardiomyocytes indicated that they performed other functions. OBJECTIVE We aimed to uncover novel roles for FHFs in cardiomyocytes, starting with a proteomic approach to identify novel interacting proteins. METHODS AND RESULTS Affinity purification of FGF13 from rodent ventricular lysates followed by mass spectroscopy revealed an interaction with junctophilin-2, a protein that organizes the close apposition of the L-type Ca2+ channel CaV1.2 and the ryanodine receptor 2 in the dyad. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that overall T-tubule structure and localization of ryanodine receptor 2 were unaffected by FGF13 knockdown in adult ventricular cardiomyocytes but localization of CaV1.2 was affected. FGF13 knockdown decreased CaV1.2 current density and reduced the amount of CaV1.2 at the surface as a result of aberrant localization of the channels. CaV1.2 current density and channel localization were rescued by expression of an shRNA-insensitive FGF13, indicating a specific role for FGF13. Consistent with these newly discovered effects on CaV1.2, we demonstrated that FGF13 also regulated Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release, indicated by a smaller Ca2+ transient after FGF13 knockdown. Furthermore, FGF13 knockdown caused a profound decrease in the cardiac action potential half-width. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that FHFs not only are potent modulators of voltage-gated Na+ channels but also affect Ca2+ channels and their function. We predict that FHF loss-of-function mutations would adversely affect currents through both Na+ and Ca2+ channels, suggesting that FHFs may be arrhythmogenic loci, leading to arrhythmias through a novel, dual-ion channel mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Hennessey
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|