Notes on species of Talaus Simon, 1886 (Araneae, Thomisidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species

Taxonomic notes on the Talaus species from China are provided. Two new species, T.yuyang Yao & Liu, sp. nov. and T.zhangjiangkou Yao & Liu, sp. nov. are described and illustrated, and a further three species are redescribed based on their genitalic characters: T.dulongjiang Tang, Yin, Ubick & Peng, 2008, T.niger Tang, Yin, Ubick & Peng, 2008, and T.sulcus Tang & Li, 2010. The species T.xiphosus Zhu & Ono, 2007 is considered a junior synonym of T.triangulifer Simon, 1886 based on an examination of many recently collected female and male specimens from Guangxi Province, China. Diagnoses, detailed illustrations and a map of distributional records of the six treated species of Talaus in China are provided.

Three new species and five new records within the genus Lilioceris (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Criocerinae) from China

The Chinese species of Lilioceris are revised, and three new species are described from Tibet, China: Lilioceriszhentangensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov., Liliocerismedogensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov. and Lilioceriszayuensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov. Five species of Lilioceris are reported for China as new records: L.dromedarius (Baly, 1861), L.pulchella (Baly, 1859), L.semicostata (Jacoby, 1908), L.unicolor (Hope, 1831) and L.nepalensis Takizawa, 1989. Liliocerisseminigra (Jacoby, 1889) is proposed as a junior synonym of L.unicolor Hope, 1831. Redescriptions, habitus photographs, geographic distributions, host plants (if available) and habitats are provided for these species.

Seven new species and four new records of Psychomyiidae (Insecta, Trichoptera) from China

Seven new species of the family Psychomyiidae Walker, 1852 are described and illustrated from China; they are Psychomyiashunisp. nov., Ps.mangshanensissp. nov., Ps.capricornissp. nov., Lypesagittalissp. nov., Paduniellafasciariasp. nov., Pa.sanyaensissp. nov., and Tinodesaviformissp. nov. The genus Lype is reported for the first time from mainland China. In addition, four psychomyiids are found to be new to the Chinese caddis fauna: Psychomyiaindra Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993; Paduniellaandamanensis Malicky, 1979; Pa.dendrobia Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993; and Tinodesgapbona Johanson & Oláh, 2008. Moreover, Psychomyiapolyacantha Li, Qiu & Morse, 2021 is reviewed and synonymized with Psychomyiaimamiah Malicky, 2020.

Corrections and additions to the catalogue of the bees (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of Russia

The present study is an update to the first catalogue of Russian bees published in 2017. For the Russian fauna, five recently described species are reported, as well as 45 species newly recorded since the first catalogue (including one invasive species), nine species overlooked in this previous Russian checklist, and 17 published synonymies. Original records are provided for nine species previously unknown to Russia and, as a taxonomic act, one species, Anthidiumovasi Warncke, 1980, syn. nov., is synonymised with Icteranthidiumfloripetum (Eversmann, 1852). Additionally, 14 species are excluded from the original catalogue and numerous other taxonomic changes and clarifications are included. The present work revises the total number of genera for Russia to 64 and the total number of species to 1,268.

Five new species of Bryaxis Kugelann (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae) from Korea and a nomenclatural note on Bryaxismahunkai Löbl

The genus Bryaxis Kugelann (Goniaceritae: Bythinini) is the most species-rich genus of the subfamily Pselaphinae and is mainly distributed in the Palearctic region. Although previous studies have documented 14 species in the Korean Peninsula, the true diversity, ecology, and immature stages of the genus are still inadequately known. In this study, five new Korean species are described: B.grandinodussp. nov., B.uljinensissp. nov., B.fabaiformissp. nov., B.girinensissp. nov., and B.nemorosussp. nov. Illustrations of the habitus and other morphological details, and a distribution map are provided. In addition, Bryaxisleechanyoungi Nomura & Lee, 1993 is proposed as a new synonym of B.mahunkai Löbl, 1975 based on the original description and illustrations of diagnostic characters.

A new species related to Pardosaatrata (Araneae, Lycosidae) from Armenia makes the distribution range of the atrata group disjunctive

Species of wolf spiders considered in the Pardosaatrata group are surveyed, and comparative figures of all species included in the group are presented for the first time. A new species, P.armeniacasp. nov., is described from the shore of Lake Sevan (Armenia) based on both sexes. Pardosanarymica Savelyeva, 1972 from East Kazakhstan Oblast' is synonymized with the trans-Palaearctic P.atrata (Thorell, 1873). It was found that the record of P.atrata (sub P.lapponica) by Schenkel from British Columbia and reflected in the World Spider Catalog in fact refers to P.concinna (Thorell, 1877), a member of the P.lapponica group. The distribution of three species consideredin the atrata group are mapped. The discovery of P.armeniacasp. nov. has led to a re-evaluation of the distribution range, previously thought to be continuous, now showing a disjunctive pattern.

A new combination and a new synonym of Gesneriaceae in China

Didymocarpussubpalmatinervis W.T.Wang was shown to be conspecific with Petrocodonlithophilus Y.M.Shui, W.H.Chen & Mich.Möller, by checking original literature, examining specimens, tracing specimen collecting history, and conducting field surveys. The results show morphological characteristics and geographical distribution overlaps between these two species. The transfer of Didymocarpussubpalmatinervis to Petrocodon as a new combination with Petrocodonsubpalmatinervis (W.T.Wang) F.Wen & Z.L.Li is proposed here, and P.lithophilus is synonymized with P.subpalmatinervis. Color photographs and essential information are also provided, including a detailed comparison of description, distribution, habitat, and the proposed IUCN conservation status.

Illustrated key to the European genera of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with the description of two new Palaearctic genera and two new species

An illustrated key to the European genera of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is presented and two new genera are described and illustrated: Cavopiusgen. nov. (type species: Opius (Agnopius) daghoides Zaykov & Fischer, 1983) from West and East Palaearctic regions and Pseudosteresgen. nov. (type species: Biosteresadanaensis Fischer & Beyarslan, 2005) from West Palaearctic region. Two new species are described and illustrated: Cephaloplitesgijswijtisp. nov. from Greece and Cavopiusdepressoriussp. nov. from S. Korea. Opius (Hypocynodus) kilisanus Fischer & Beyarslan, 2005 is a new synonym of Cephaloplitesmocsaryi Szépligeti, 1897. The following new combinations are proposed: Cavopiusdaghestanicus (Telenga, 1950), comb. nov., C.daghoides (Zaykov & Fischer, 1983), comb. nov., Pseudosteresadanaensis (Fischer & Beyarslan, 2005), comb. nov., P.arenaceus (Jakimavičius, 1986), comb. nov., P.christenseni (Papp, 1982), comb. nov., P.pseudarenaceus (Fischer & Beyarslan, 2005), comb. nov., and P.riphaeus (Tobias, 1986), comb. nov. Keys to species are provided for Cavopiusgen. nov., Cephaloplites Szépligeti, 1897, and Pseudosteresgen. nov.

Six new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and a redescription of A.colubrinus Song & Zhu, 1992 from Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China

Six new species of the genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 from Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province, China are described: Araneuschenjingisp. nov. (♂♀), and A.yuboisp. nov. (♂♀) are assigned to the A.diadematus group; A.lihaiboisp. nov. (♂♀), A.shiisp. nov. (♂♀), A.wanghuaisp. nov. (♂♀), and A.yangchuandongisp. nov. (♂♀) are assigned to the A.sturmi group. Araneuscolubrinus Song & Zhu, 1992 is redescribed. A new synonym of Araneuscolubrinus Song & Zhu, 1992 is proposed: Araneusoctodentalis Song & Zhu, 1992 syn. nov.

Cavariella Del Guercio (Hemiptera, Aphidinae, Macrosiphini) in China, with a new species, new synonymies, and first country records

The genus Cavariella is distinguished from other Macrosiphini genera (Aphididae, Aphidinae) because it has a supra-caudal process on abdominal tergite VIII which possesses two setae distally. It is Holarctic in distribution, and half of its species are Asian. The Chinese fauna of this genus, 17 species, have been restudied, morphologically and through DNA barcodes. As a result: Cavariellahidaensis Takahashi is transferred to Elatobium; Cavariellasculptura Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. is described from specimens collected on Torilis and Cryptotaenia (Apiaceae); Cavariellacessana Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, syn. nov. and Cavariellalargispiracula Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li, syn. nov. are respectively junior synonyms of Cavariellaaquatica (Gillette & Bragg) and Cavariellasapporoensis Takahashi; Cavariellagilgiana Zhang, Chen, Zhong & Li and Cavariellalhasana Zhang are confirmed as valid species and complete descriptions are provided; Cavariellabhutanensis Chakrabarti & Das, Cavariellanigra Basu, Cavariellapastinacae (Linnaeus), and Cavariellapustula Essig are recorded for the first time from China. Additionally, keys for species of Cavariella known in China are provided and modifications to the key by Blackman and Eastop of aphid species on Angelica (Aphids on World's Plants) are presented.

A new synonym of a species of Stachyotropha Stål, 1871, a genus of Asian Stenopodainae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae)

Background

Stachyotropha Stål, 1871 (Reduviidae, Stenopodainae) currently includes only two species: S.punctifera Stål, 1871 and S.miyamotoi Hidaka & Miller, 1959 only recorded from East Asia.

New information

This study reviews the genus Stachyotropha Stål, 1871 and its two described species. Based on the examination of the type specimens and the original descriptions, S.miyamotoi Hidaka & Miller, 1959 is regarded as a junior synonym of S.punctifera. Further, we briefly discuss the distribution and biology of S.punctifera.

South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology

Background

Rhiniinae (Diptera, Calliphoridae) is a taxon of nearly 400 known species, many of them termitophilous. Approximatelly 160 valid species in 16 genera are Afrotropical, with over 60 of them occurring in South Africa. The taxonomy of this group is outdated, as most studies of the South African taxa were conducted 40 to 70 years ago (mostly by Salvador Peris and Fritz Zumpt). Published information on their biology and ecology is also scarce.

New information

An annotated checklist of 73 species of Rhiniinae for South Africa was developed, based on the holdings of sixteen entomological collections in Africa, Europe and North America. Over 3,700 specimens were examined, revealing nine new species records for South Africa (Cosminaundulata Malloch, 1926, Isomyiacuthbertsoni (Curran, 1938), Rhyncomyabotswana Zumpt, 1974, R.tristis Séguy, 1933, Stomorhinaapta Curran, 1931, S.malobana (Lehrer, 2007), Thoraciteskirkspriggsi Kurahashi, 2001, Th.sarcophagoides Kurahashi, 2001 and Trichoberialanata (Villeneuve, 1920)). We propose one new combination Eurhyncomyiametzi (Zumpt, 1981) comb. nov. (= Rhyncomyametzi Zumpt, 1981)). Additionally, evidence is presented to remove Rhyncomyaviduella Villeneuve, 1927 stat. rev. from synonymy with Rhyncomyacassotis (Walker, 1849). Relevant novel biological and seasonality information, historical occurrence maps and high-definition photographs for each species are compiled.

The intraspecific variation of morphology and coloration of field crickets: a taxonomic revision of Chinese Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877 and Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Gryllini)

After extensive sampling of specimens from species found in China, we examined the intraspecific morphological variation of several characters used for species delimitation in two closely related cricket genera, Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877 and Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983. We found that the characters (male genitalia in Gymnogryllusodonopetalus Xie & Zheng, 2003 and Phonarellusritsemae (Saussure, 1877), and coloration of the hind leg in Phonarellusminor (Chopard, 1959)) exhibit considerable amounts of variation within species, and are thus not reliable characters for species differentiation. Therefore, we revised the taxonomy of these two genera. Five synonyms are proposed: G.yunnanensis (= G.odonopetalus) syn. nov., G.striatus (= G.odonopetalus) syn. nov., G.longus (= G.odonopetalus) syn. nov., G.tumidulus (= G.odonopetalus) syn. nov., and P.flavipes (= P.minor) syn. nov. All species mentioned above are described and illustrated. Keys and a distribution map are provided.

Revision of the Assassin Bug Genus Sigicoris stat. nov. Based on Morphological Study and Molecular Phylogeny (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae)

Peiratinae is a cosmopolitan subfamily within Reduviidae with more than 300 known species in 34 genera. There are also some taxa endemic to islands, but their taxonomic status and biology require further study. After examining type specimens of the peiratine species distributed in New Guinea, we found that some of them share many morphological characters, though they were previously assigned in different genera. The phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome oxidase I, 16S ribosomal RNA and 18S ribosomal RNA genes involving 38 species in 25 genera also supports the result of the morphological study that these species should be involved in a separate genus. In the present study, the subgenus Ectomocoris (Sigicoris) Miller, 1958 is elevated to genus level, Sigicoris stat. nov. Three new combinations, S. brumalis comb. nov., S. gracilis comb. nov., S. sexguttatus comb. nov. and one new species, S. dominiqueae sp. nov. are described or redescribed. The lectotype of Brachysandalus sexguttatus is designated, and Pirates concinnus syn. nov. is treated as the junior synonym of S. sexguttatus comb. nov. A key is provided to separate the four species of this genus. The systematic relationships, diagnosis, distribution and habitat of Sigicoris stat. nov. are briefly discussed.

Integrative taxonomy of the leaf-beetle genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1836 in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae, Gonioctenini) reveals new synonymies and one new species

Taiwanese species of Gonioctena are revised based on morphological, molecular, and ecological information. Gonioctenasubgeminata (Chen, 1934), G.tredecimmaculata (Jacoby, 1888), G.kamikawai (Chûjô, 1958), and G.osawai Kimoto, 1996 are redescribed. The study confirms that Phytodectatredecimmaculatusvar.taiwanensis Achard, 1924 should be considered a junior synonym of G.tredecimmaculata (Jacoby, 1888), along with two new junior synonyms, G.ohmomoiCho et al. 2016 (syn. nov.) and G.riyuetanensisCho et al. 2016 (syn. nov.). Phytodecta (Asiphytodecta) issikii Chûjô, 1958 (syn. nov.) is treated as a junior synonym of Gonioctenascutellaris Baly, 1862, which is removed from synonym with G.fulva (Motschulsky, 1861) (stat. rev.) and redescribed. Gonioctenathoracica Baly, 1862 (syn. nov.), G.dichroa Fairmaire, 1888 (syn. nov.), and G.foochowensis Gruev, 1989 (syn. nov.) are proposed as junior synonyms of G.scutellaris Baly, 1862. A new species, G.liui sp. nov., is described and differentiated ecologically from G.scutellaris. Gonioctenanigroplagiata Baly, 1862 is newly recorded from Matsu Islands and redescribed. Host plants and biological information are provided for all Taiwanese species. Lectotypes are designated for G.scutellaris Baly, 1862, G.thoracica Baly, 1862, and G.nigroplagata Baly, 1862.

Six new species of Aspidophorodon Verma, 1967 (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Aphidinae) from China

The genus Aspidophorodon Verma is presented including six new species from China namely Aspidophorodoncapitatum Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. Aspidophorodonlongicornutum Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. Aspidophorodonreticulatum Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. Aspidophorodonfurcatum Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. Aspidophorodonlongirostre Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. and Aspidophorodonobtusirostre Qiao & Xu, sp. nov. Aspidophorodoncornuatum Qiao 2015, is considered as a junior synonym of Aspidophorodonlongituberculatum (Zhang Zhong & Zhang 1992), syn. nov. Two species Aspidophorodonharvense Verma and Aspidophorodonindicum (David Rajasingh & Narayanan) are recorded for the first time in China. The genus is mainly distributed in East Asia and is represented by 15 species in the world of which 12 are found in China. Keys to the species of Aspidophorodon are given.

The Identity of Rubuspekinensis Focke and R.crataegifolius Bunge (Rosaceae)

A critical examination of specimens, with literature and a field survey have shown that Rubuspekinensis is conspecific with R.crataegifolius. Their morphological variations range can be defined as: leaves at the base may be ovate, suborbicular, narrowly ovate, entire, at the middle, ovate, narrowly ovate, oblong-lanceolate, palmately 3-lobed or 5-lobed and at the top, ovate, lanceolate, entire or 3-lobed; flowers solitary in the axillae or several flowers clustered at the terminal of branchlets or formed into short racemes. Therefore, we treat the former species as a synonym for the latter one.

Taxonomic identity of Corydalislidenii (Papaveraceae)

Corydalismicroflora and C.lidenii are recognised as separate species in "Flora of China" and the latest plant list. However, based on the examination of type specimens and field investigations, C.lidenii is shown to be conspecific with C.microflora. As a result, C.lidenii is synonymised with C.microflora in this study.

Revision of the genus Furusawaia Chûjô, 1962 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)

Yunnaniata Lopatin, 2009 is regarded as a junior synonym of Furusawaia Chûjô, 1962 syn. nov. Yunnaniatakonstantinovi Lopatin, 2009 comb. nov. is transferred to the genus Furusawaia Chûjô and redescribed. Furusawaiacontinentalis Lopatin, 2008 and F.yosonis Chûjô are recognized as valid species and redescribed. Four new species are described from Taiwan: F.jungchani sp. nov., F.lui sp. nov., F.tahsiangi sp. nov., and F.tsoui sp. nov. A key to Taiwanese and Chinese species of Furusawaia is provided.

Review of Phanoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from China

Three Chinese species of the genus Phanoperla are reviewed. A new species, P.chenisp. nov., is proposed from Guangdong, southern China, and compared with related taxa. Neoperlopsbinodosa Wu, 1973 is confirmed from Hainan Province of China on the basis of re-examination of types from the island, but it is transferred to the genus Phanoperla and is placed as a synonym of P.pallipennis (Banks, 1938). A note on the distribution of the genus Phanoperla is also given.

Revision of the genus Coccidula Kugelann (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae)

The genus Coccidula Kugelann includes five species distributed in the Holarctic, with one species in North America and four in Palearctic region. Coccidula belongs to the tribe Coccidulini which historically was treated as a separate subfamily within ladybird beetles, but recent studies confirmed its placement as a tribe within the broadly defined subfamily Coccinellinae. All species are revised and a new synonymy of Lithophilusnaviauxi Duverger with C.litophiloides Reitter is proposed. Light and electron microscopy pictures support morphological descriptions. An identification key to all species is also provided.

Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissière, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei

The taxonomic status of Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 and allied genera Tricholochmaea Laboissière, 1932 and Xanthogaleruca Laboissière, 1934 is discussed based on the study of Taiwanese species. Tentatively, Xanthogaleruca and Pyrrhalta are regarded as valid genera while Tricholochmaea is a synonym of Pyrrhalta. Fourteen species are recognized and redescribed, including P. gressitti Kimoto, 1969; P. taiwana Kimoto, 1969; P. viridipennis Kimoto, 1981; P. igai Kimoto, 1981; P. meifena Kimoto, 1976; P. maculata Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963; P. tsoui Bezděk & Lee, 2019; P. semifulva (Jacoby, 1885); P. discalis Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963; P. ishiharai Kimoto, 1994; P. shirozui Kimoto, 1969; P. kobayashii Kimoto, 1974; P. ohbayashii Kimoto, 1984; and P. takizawai Kimoto, 1996. Taiwanese populations identified as Xanthogaleruca aenescens (Fairmaire) were misidentified and those are described as a new species, X. yuae sp. nov. Xanthogaleruca aenescens is redescribed for comparison. Eight additional new species of Pyrrhalta are described: P. alishanensis sp. nov., P. houjayi sp. nov., P. formosanensis sp. nov., P. jungchani sp. nov., P. lui sp. nov., P. meihuai sp. nov., P. tahsiangi sp. nov., and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. Type specimens of Galerucella lineatipes Takei, 1916 were rediscovered and are designated as lectotype and paralectotype. Galerucella lineatipes is removed from synonymy with G. calmariensis (Linnaeus, 1767) and regarded as a senior synonym of P. humeralis (Chen, 1942), syn. nov. Most Pyrrhalta species can be classified into four species groups based on their morphological and genitalic similarity. host plants and other biological information are provided for almost all species.

Taxonomic Identity of Carpinus dayongina Franchet (Betulaceae)

Carpinus polyneura and C. dayongina are recognised as separate species in Flora of China. In this study, the results of an examination of literature, morphological comparison and phenetic clustering of nuclear ITS sequences suggest that C. dayongina is conspecific with C. polyneura. Thus, we propose reducing C. dayongina to a synonym of C. polyneura.

A multilocus assessment reveals two new synonymies for East Asian Cyclommatus stag beetles (Coleoptera, Lucanidae)

Cyclommatus scutellaris Möllenkamp, 1912, Cyclommatus elsae Kriesche, 1921 and Cyclommatus tamdaoensis Fujita, 2010 are East Asian stag beetle species with long-debated taxonomic relationships due to high intraspecific morphological variability. In this study, we applied multilocus phylogenetic analyses to reassess their relationships. Two mitochondrial genes (16S rDNA, COI) and two nuclear genes (28S rDNA, Wingless) were used to reconstruct the phylogeny through the Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. Both topologies supported two clades: the clade C. scutellaris was sister to the clade (C. elsae + C. tamdaoensis) with the subclade C. tamdaoensis embedded in the subclade C. elsae. The Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance analysis yielded a low mean value (≤0.035) among the three taxa, which was well below the minimum mean value between other Cyclommatus species (≥0.122). We also compared the accuracy and efficiency of two approaches, GMYC and ABGD, in delimitating the three lineages. The result shows that ABGD is a better approach than GMYC. Our molecular data recognizes the three species as different populations of a single species, ranging from Taiwan Island to the continent. Therefore, we propose two new junior synonyms for C. scutellaris: C. tamdaoensis, syn. nov. and C. elsae syn. nov.

The genus Nipponodrasterius Kishii (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae), a junior synonym of the genus Gamepenthes Fleutiaux (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Elaterinae), with review of the Japanese Gamepenthes species

The genus Nipponodrasterius Kishii, 1966 was established as a member of the subfamily Conoderinae Fleutiaux, 1919 (now tribe Oophorini Gistel, 1848; subfamily Agrypninae Candèze, 1857) based on N.alpicola. The genus was suggested to be unlikely to belong to Agrypninae because it lacks diagnostic features of the Agrypninae. However, there are no taxonomic treatments for the genus or species. Here, we review the status of the genus and species by examining the holotype of N.alpicola. Consequently, the genus was found to be a junior synonym of the genus Gamepenthes Fleutiaux, 1928 and N.alpicola was found to be a junior synonym of G.pictipennis (Lewis, 1894). We review all species of Gamepenthes in Japan and provide a key to species.

New species of the genera Bracon Fabricius and Syntomernus Enderlein (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae) from South Korea

Six new species, Bracon (Bracon) kimchanghyoisp. nov., B. (B.) yeogisanensissp. nov., B. (Habrobracon) allevatussp. nov., B. (Osculobracon) perspicillatussp. nov., Syntomernusflavussp. nov., and S.scabrosussp. nov. are described from South Korea and short keys for their identification are presented. The genus Ficobracon van Achterberg & Weiblen, 2000, syn. nov. is considered a junior synonym of Syntomernus Enderlein, 1920 and new combinations are proposed for Syntomernusasphondyliae (Watanabe, 1940), comb. nov., S.brusi (van Achterberg & Weiblen, 2000), comb. nov., S.codonatus (Huang & van Achterberg, 2013), comb. nov., S.kashmirensis (Maqbool, Akbar & Wachkoo, 2018), comb. nov., S.rhiknosus (Huang & van Achterberg, 2013), comb. nov., S.sunosei (Maeto, 1991), comb. nov. (= Braconflaccus Papp, 1996, syn. nov.), and S.tamabae (Maeto, 1991), comb. nov.

Taxonomic revision of the genus Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae) in Taiwan, China

A comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus Glochidion J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. from Taiwan in China was carried out based on the examination of herbarium specimens and filed investigations. Eight species and three varieties are recognized, including a new species endemic to Taiwan, G. lanyuense Gang Yao & S.X. Luo, which is described and illustrated. Three names, viz. G. chademenosocarpum Hayata, G. kusukusense Hayata, and G. ovalifolium F.Y. Lu & Y.S. Hsu, are reduced to the new synonyms of G. rubrum Blume, G. lanceolatum Hayata, and G. ellipticum Wight, respectively. Two names, viz. G. lanceolatum Hayata and G. suishaense Hayata, are lectotypified here. A key to the Glochidion species in Taiwan is provided.

Review of the Camponotus kiesenwetteri group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the Aegean with the description of a new species

Based on recently collected material, the Camponotus kiesenwetteri group is redefined, and its members known from the Aegean region are diagnosed. Camponotus schulzi sp. nov. is described from İzmir Province, Turkey. Camponotus nadimi Tohmé, 1969 syn. nov. is proposed as a junior synonym of Camponotus libanicus André, 1881 and Camponotus kiesenwetteri cyprius Emery, 1920 syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Camponotus kiesenwetteri (Roger, 1859). A key to workers of species of the C. kiesenwetteri group is provided. Niche modeling analyses are used to account for species habitat suitability across the Aegean region.

Taxonomic review of the Themus (Telephorops) nepalensis species-group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae)

The diagnosis of the Themus (Telephorops) nepalensis species-group is summarized. A catalogue, a key and a distribution map of all world species are provided. Two synonymies are proposed: Themus (Telephorops) subcaeruleiformis Wittmer, 1983, syn. nov. = T. (Telephorops) crassimargo Champion, 1926; T. (Telephorops) separandus Wittmer, 1975, syn. nov. = T. (Telephorops) laboissierei (Pic, 1929). The female internal genitalia are photographed and described in this species-group for the first time, the aedeagi of T. (Telephorops) crassipes Pic, 1929 and T. (Telephorops) impressipennis (Fairmaire, 1886) are illustrated and described for the first time, and some additional distribution information is provided for the species. Themus (Telephorops) cavipennis (Fairmaire, 1897) is a new record for the Chinese fauna.

A review of the genus Pelodiaetus Jeannel (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Anillini) of New Zealand, with re-description of the genus, description of a new species, and notes on the evolutionary history

On the basis of new morphological data a re-description of the genus Pelodiaetus is provided, a new species of the genus P.nunnisp. nov. (Christchurch, Canterbury, South Island) is described, and P.lewisi Jeannel is proposed as a synonym of P.sulcatipennis Jeannel, syn. nov. A taxonomic key as well as distribution maps for species of Pelodiaetus are provided. Data on comparative morphology and biogeographical aspects of speciation in the genus Pelodiaetus and its morphological relatives from Australia and New Zealand are discussed.

A review of some new or little-known species of the genus Gnorimoschema (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Palaearctic region

Six new species of Gnorimoschema Busck, 1900 are described: G.pamira sp. nov. (Tadzhikistan), G.brachyptera sp. nov. (Russia: Buryatia), G.altaica sp. nov. (Russia: Altai), G.tabazhok sp. nov. (Russia, Altai, Tuva), G.yakovlevi sp. nov. (Russia: Altai, Buryatia), G.kozlovi sp. nov. (Mongolia). A new synonym is established: G.mikkolai Povolný, 1994 syn. nov. of G.radkevichi Piskunov, 1980. Gnorimoschemamontanum Povolný, 1966, sp. rev., stat. nov. is taken out from synonymy with G.soffneri (Riedl, 1965). An annotated check-list of the genus Gnorimoschema in the Palaearctic region is provided.

Taxonomic revision of Mordellistenahirtipes species complex with new distribution records (Insecta, Coleoptera, Mordellidae)

A taxonomic revision of species related to Mordellistenahirtipes Schilsky, 1895 is presented. Five species among the M.hirtipes complex are recognised: M.hirtipes Schilsky, 1895, M.pseudohirtipes Ermisch, 1965, M.purpurascens Costa, 1854, M.balearica Compte, 1985, and M.irritans Franciscolo, 1991. Descriptions, differential diagnoses, an identification key, and new distributional records are provided. Principal Component Analysis is performed for visualisation of differentiation between taxa. The following taxonomic acts are proposed: Mordellistenapodlussanyi Czető, 1990 and M.aegea Franciscolo, 1949 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.hirtipes Schilsky, 1895; M.fageli Ermisch, 1969 and M.pseudohirtipeskrotosensis Czető, 1990 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.pseudohirtipespseudohirtipes Ermisch, 1965; M.geronensis Ermisch, 1977 and M.istrica Ermisch, 1977 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.purpurascens Costa, 1854.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Lenonchium zanjanense sp. n. (Dorylaimida, Nordiidae) from Iran, with new insights into the phylogeny of the genus and a revision of its taxonomy

The new species Lenonchium zanjanense sp. n. is described from a natural habitat of Zanjan province, Iran, including line, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy illustrations and a molecular (18S, 28S) study. It is characterized by its 3.50-4.51 mm long body, rounded lip region, continuous and 13.5-15.5 µm broad, odontostyle 21-24 µm long, neck 362-490 µm long, double guiding ring, pharyngeal expansion 190-285 µm long, female genital system didelphic-amphidelphic, uterus simple and 185-320 µm long or 3.4-5.9 times the corresponding body diameter, vulva nearly equatorial (V = 45-53), tail conical-elongated to filiform (90-165 µm, c = 23-43, c' = 2.4-5.3) with three or four mucro-like projections at the tip, spicules 58-64 µm long and 16-21 contiguous ventromedian supplements ending at the level of the anterior end of the spicules. The taxonomy of the genus is updated, with an emended diagnosis, list of species, key to their identification and a compendium of their main morphometrics. Lenonchium asterocaudatum is regarded as identical and a junior synonym of L. denticaudatum. New insights into the phylogeny of the group are also provided, and the classification of Lenonchium within Nordiidae is seriously questioned.

Taxonomic note of Parnassia (Celastraceae) in China: a reassessment of Subsect. Xiphosandra

P.brevistyla, P.delavayi and P.leptophylla. belong to Celastraceae, ParnassiaL.,Sect.NectarotrilobosDrude,Subsect.Xiphosandra (Franch.) Ku. Due to lack of material, the reliability of their taxonomic characteristics remained unknown and all three species have been retained. Following extensive field investigations, population sampling and examination of specimens, we determined that the previously used characteristics to distinguish these three species, i.e. the shape of basal leaves and the depth of staminode lobes, vary continuously within populations and should not be used to distinguish separate species. Therefore, P.brevistyla and P.leptophylla are hereby designated as synonyms of P.delavayi.

Revision of Eucorydia Hebard, 1929 from China, with notes on the genus and species worldwide (Blattodea, Corydioidea, Corydiidae)

The cockroach genus Eucorydia from China is revised. Five new species are described and illustrated: Eucorydialinglongsp. n., Eucorydiapilosasp. n., Eucorydiasplendidasp. n., Eucorydiaguilinensissp. n., and Eucorydiatangisp. n.. Corydiapurpuralis Kirby, 1903 and Eucorydiapaucipilosa Woo, Guo & Feng, 1986 are confirmed to be junior synonyms of Eucorydiadasytoides (Walker, 1868). Eucorydiahilaris (Kirby, 1903) is newly recorded from China. This genus and currently known species from around the world are discussed. The status of Eucorydiamaxwelli (Hanitsch, 1915) is revived. Corydiaplagiata Walker, 1868 is confirmed to be a junior synonym of Eucorydiaornata (Saussure, 1864). A checklist, key, and photographs of members of this genus are provided.

Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)

Based on samples collected during surveys of Brazilian cave fauna, seven earwig species are reported: Cylindrogaster cavernicola Kamimura, sp. n., Cylindrogaster sp. 1, Cylindrogaster sp. 2, Euborellia janeirensis, Euborellia brasiliensis, Paralabellula dorsalis, and Doru luteipes, as well as four species identified to the (sub)family level. To date, C. cavernicola Kamimura, sp. n. has been recorded only from cave habitats (but near entrances), whereas the other four organisms identified at the species level have also been recorded from non-cave habitats. Wings and female genital structures of Cylindrogaster spp. (Cylindrogastrinae) are examined for the first time. The genital traits, including the gonapophyses of the 8th abdominal segment shorter than those of the 9th segement, and venation of the hind wings of Cylindrogastrinae correspond to those of the members of Diplatyidae and not to Pygidicranidae. This is the first synopsis of cave-dwelling earwigs of Brazil, one of the most species-rich areas of Dermaptera in the world.

Taxonomy and Systematics of the Genus Makatinus Heyns, 1965 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Aporcelaimidae)

The taxonomy and the systematics of the genus Makatinus are discussed by means of the characterization of its morphological pattern and the first molecular (D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA) analysis of a representative of this taxon, Makatinus crassiformis from Costa Rica. The presence of two or more pairs of male ad-cloacal genital papillae is the most characteristic autapomorphy of the genus, but the status of its species on this concern differ among them. Both morphological and molecular data support a relationship with Aporcelaimellus, which, however, might not be as close as usually assumed. An emended diagnosis of the genus, a key to species identification, and a compendium of their morphometrics are provided. Makatinus siddiqii is regarded as species inquirenda, Makatinus simus is retained under Eudorylaimus, and Makatinus tritici becomes a junior synonym of Aporcelaimellus tritici.

Taxonomic notes on the genus Bellenden Chandler (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

The monotypic genus Buobellenden Yin & Nomura, 2009 is placed as a junior synonym of Bellenden Chandler, 2001. This act results in Bellendenjingyuanensis (Yin & Nomura), comb. n. (from Buobellenden). A new species, Bellendensiguniang Yin & Jang, sp. n., collected from the alpine area in Sichuan, SW China, is described, illustrated, and distinguished from all congeners. A new illustration of the aedeagus of Buobellendenjingyuanensis is given.

Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, Mesobola brevianalis (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini)

The river sardine, Mesobolabrevianalis (Boulenger, 1908), is the type species of Mesobola Howes, 1984. Standard phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of the cytochrome oxidase I gene of individuals from populations across southern Africa that are currently identified as Mesobolabrevianalis showed that these populations represent four genetically distinct allopatric lineages. Furthermore, Engraulicyprissardella (Günther, 1868), the type species of Engraulicypris Günther, 1894, was convincingly nested amongst these clades. These findings support synonymisation of Engraulicypris and Mesobolasyn. n.; restoration of Engraulicyprisgariepinus (Barnard, 1943), stat. rev. for the lower Orange River population; description of two new species, Engraulicyprisngalalasp. n. and Engraulicyprishowesisp. n. from the Rovuma and Kunene river systems, respectively; affirmation of the synonymy of Engraulicyprisbrevianalis (Boulenger, 1908), comb. n. sensu stricto and Engraulicypriswhitei van der Horst, 1934; and restoration of Engraulicyprisbredoi Poll, 1945, stat. rev. and Engraulicyprisspinifer Bailey & Matthes, 1971, stat. rev. from Mesobola. Discriminant function analysis of a truss network of five traditional morphometric measurements and 21 morphometric measurements that characterised the shape of the fishes was used to seek morphological markers for the genetically distinct populations. Only Engraulicyprisgariepinus was morphometrically distinctive, but live colouration differed between the lineages. Detailed taxonomic descriptions and an identification key for the species are provided.

Morphological and molecular evidence indicate Dendronotus primorjensis is a valid species that has priority over D. dudkai (Nudibranchia)

Morphological and molecular data of type material of the nudibranch mollusc Dendronotus primorjensis Martynov, Sanamyan, Korshunova, 2015 from the Sea of Japan are summarised and compared with those of Dendronotus dudkai Ekimova, Schepetov, Chichvarkhina, Chichvarkhin, 2016. The clear conclusion is that the latter is a junior synonym of Dendronotus primorjensis.

Revision of the genus Ptomaphagus Hellwig (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae) from Taiwan Island

Ptomaphagus(s. str.)chenggongisp. n. and Ptomaphagus(s. str.)tingtingaesp. n. (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Ptomaphagini) are described from Taiwan Island. In addition, a new subjective synonym is proposed, Ptomaphagus(s. str.)yasutoshii Nishikawa, 1993 = Ptomaphagus(s. str.)smetanai Perreau, 1996, syn. n. Relevant morphological characters of the examined Ptomaphagus species are illustrated with colour plates, and their known distributions are mapped.

Seven species new to science and one newly recorded species of the ant genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804 from China, with proposal of a new synonym (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Seven new species of the genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804 are described from China: Myrmicadongisp. n., Myrmicahuaiisp. n., Myrmicaliuisp. n., Myrmicamifuisp. n., Myrmicaouisp. n., Myrmicawangisp. n. and Myrmicayanisp. n. Myrmicaforcipata Karawaiew, 1931 is recorded from China for the first time, while Myrmicazhengi Ma & Xu, 2011 is synonymized with Myrmicaluteola Kupyanskaya, 1990. Identification keys based on worker caste are provided to the Myrmica species of China and the pachei-group species of the Old World, respectively.

Revision of the Genus Pseudaethria Schaus (Lepidoptera, Erebidae)

The genus Pseudaethria Schaus is revised and redescribed based on morphological characters of male and female adults. Its type species, Pseudaethria cessogae Schaus, was found out to be a junior subjective synonym of Heliura cosmosomodes Dognin. Therefore, the new combination Pseudaethria cosmosomodes is proposed along with another one: Pseudaethria analis Gaede new combination. A lectotype is designated to P. cessogae, which was described from an undetermined number of specimens. The distribution of the species is discussed as well as its systematic placement.

Aristathlus imperatorius Bergroth, a newly recognized synonym of Reduvius iopterus Perty, with the new combination Aristathlus iopterus (Perty, 1834) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) ​

Background

ReduviusiopterusPerty 1834 was first described from the Rio Negro, Brazil. It was then included in ZelusFabricius 1803 as Z.iopterus (Perty 1834) without critical examination of this action (Stål 1872).The Neotropical genus AristathlusBergroth 1913 was described to include two species from the Amazon basin: A.imperatoriusBergroth 1913 and A.regalisBergroth 1913.

New information

Based on the original description and illustration of Reduviusiopterus, Aristathlusimperatorius is considered to be its junior synonym, with the resulting new combination: Aristathlusiopterus (Perty 1834).

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) from Vietnam, with description of ten new species

The Vietnamese species of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) are revised. Ten species are new to science, viz., Canalirogasaffinissp. n., Canalirogascucphuongensissp. n., Canalirogascurvinervissp. n., Canalirogaseurycerussp. n., Canalirogashoabinhicussp. n., Canalirogasintermediussp. n., Canalirogasparallelussp. n., Canalirogasrobbertisp. n., Canalirogasvittatussp. n. and Canalirogasvuquangensissp. n. One species is new for the Vietnamese fauna: Canalirogasspilonotus (Cameron, 1905) and Canalirogasbalgooyi van Achterberg & Chen, 1996, is synonymized with it (syn. n.); a lectotype is designated for Troporhogasspilonotus. A key to the Vietnamese species of the genus is also provided.

Notes on Shore Flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and north-western Russia

The recent checklist of the Ephydridae of Finland by Zatwarnicki and Kahanpää (2014) mentioned 13 ephydrid species as new for Finland without further details. This paper presents detailed records for those species and a few other species of interest. Four species are recorded for the first time from Russia. Trimerinaindistincta Krivosheina, 2004 is herein considered as a new junior synonym of Trimerinamicrochaeta Hendel, 1932, syn. nov.

Annotated type catalogue of the Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the collection of Radoszkowski in the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków

A critical and annotated catalogue of 183 types of HymenopteraChrysididae belonging to 124 taxa housed in the Radoszkowski collection is given. Radoszkowski type material from other institutes has also been checked. Six lectotypes are designated in Kraków (ISEA-PAN): Chrysisacceptabilis Radoszkowski, 1891; Chrysispersica Radoczkowsky, 1881; Chrysisdaphnis Mocsáry, 1889; Chrysislagodechii Radoszkowski, 1889; Chrysisremota Mocsáry, 1889 and Chrysisvagans Radoszkowski, 1877. The lectotype of Brugmoiapellucida Radoszkowski, 1877 is designated in Moscow (MMU). Four new combinations are proposed: Philoctetesararaticus (Radoszkowski, 1890), comb. n.; Pseudomalushypocrita (du Buysson, 1893), comb. n.; Chrysiseldari (Radoszkowski, 1893), comb. n.; and Chrysuramlokosewitzi (Radoszkowski, 1889), comb. n.. Ten new synonyms are given: Chrysisauropunctata Mocsáry, 1889, syn. n. of Chrysisangolensis Radoszkovsky, 1881; Chrysischrysochlora Mocsáry, 1889, syn. n. and Chrysisviridans Radoszkowski, 1891, syn. n. of Chrysiskeriensis Radoszkowski, 1887; Chrysisangustifronsvar.ignicollis Trautmann, 1926, syn. n. of Chrysiseldari (Radoszkowski, 1893); Chrysismaracandensisvar.simulatrix Radoszkowski, 1891, syn. n. of Chrysismaracandensis Radoszkowski, 1877; Chrysispulchra Radoszkovsky, 1880, syn. n. of Spinoliadallatorreana (Mocsáry, 1896); Chrysisrubricollis du Buysson, 1900, syn. n. of Chrysiseldari (Radoszkowski, 1893); Chrysissubcoerulea Radoszkowski, 1891, syn. n. of Chrysischlorochrysa Mocsáry, 1889; Chrysistherates Mocsáry, 1889, syn. n. of Chrysisprincipalis Smith, 1874; and Notozuskomarowi Radoszkowski, 1893, syn. n. of Elampusobesus (Mocsáry, 1890). One species is revaluated: Chrysischalcochrysa Mocsáry, 1887. Chrysiskizilkumiana Rosa is the new name for Chrysisuljanini Radoszkowski & Mocsáry, 1889 nec Radoszkowski, 1877. Pictures of seventy-seven type specimens are given.

The bostrichidae of the maltese islands (coleoptera)

The Bostrichidae of the Maltese Islands are reviewed. Ten species are recorded with certainty from this Archipelago, of which 6 namely, Trogoxylonimpressum (Comolli, 1837), Amphicerusbimaculatus (A.G. Olivier, 1790), Heterobostrychusaequalis (Waterhouse, 1884), Sinoxylonunidentatum (Fabricius, 1801), Xyloperthellapicea (A.G. Olivier, 1790) and Apatemonachus Fabricius, 1775 are recorded for the first time. Two of the mentioned species (Heterobostrychusaequalis and Sinoxylonunidentatum) are alien and recorded only on the basis of single captures and the possible establishment of these species is discussed. Earlier records of Scobiciapustulata (Fabricius, 1801) from Malta are incorrect and should be attributed to Scobiciachevrieri (A. Villa & J.B. Villa, 1835). A zoogeographical analysis and an updated checklist of the 12 species of Bostrichidae recorded from the Maltese Islands and neigbouring Sicilian islands (Pantelleria, Linosa and Lampedusa) are also provided.

Rhizoperthadominica(Fabricius, 1792)formgranulipennis Lesne in Beeson & Bhatia, 1937 from Uttarakhand (northern India) was overlooked by almost all subsequent authors. Its history is summarized and the following new synonymy is established: Rhizoperthadominica(Fabricius, 1792)formgranulipennis Lesne in Beeson & Bhatia, 1937 = Rhyzoperthadominica (Fabricius, 1792), syn. n.

Finally, records of Amphicerusbimaculatus from Azerbaijan, of Bostrichuscapucinus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Jordan and Syria, of Scobiciachevrieri from Jordan and Italy, of Xyloperthellapicea from Italy, and of Apatemonachus from Corsica (France) and Italy, are also provided.

On the validity of Epeorella Ulmer, 1939 (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) with general considerations on the Heptageniidae of the Sunda Islands

The type material of Epeorellaborneonia Ulmer, 1939, the sole species of the genus Epeorella Ulmer, 1939 is reinvestigated and a lectotype (male imago) is designated. Based on several morphological structures, the synonymy with Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Rhithrogeninae) is rejected. Epeorella stat. prop., known only at the winged stages, belongs to the subfamily Ecdyonurinae, and is a probable endemic of the island of Borneo. The newly erected genus Darthus Webb & McCafferty, 2007, also endemic to Borneo and only known by one species at the nymphal stage, is shown to be a junior subjective synonym of Epeorella. The new combination Epeorellavadora (Webb & McCafferty, 2007) is proposed for the species. The distribution of known heptageniid species from the Sunda Islands is discussed.

Review of nitidotachinus campbell (staphylinidae, tachyporinae) from mainland china

The genus Nitidotachinus Campbell of Mainland China is reviewed with descriptions of five new species: Nitidotachinusanhuiensissp. n. (Anhui), Nitidotachinusbinisp. n. (Zhejiang), Nitidotachinusbrunneussp. n. (Zhejiang), Nitidotachinuscapillosussp. n. (Zhejiang), and Nitidotachinusxiangisp. n. (Hubei). Nitidotachinusexcellensconcolor Schülke is synonymized with Nitidotachinusexcellenssyn. n. All treated species are described with their major diagnostic characters illustrated. An identification key to the species is given.