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Alghamdi A, Abouzied AS, Alamri A, Anwar S, Ansari M, Khadra I, Zaki YH, Gomha SM. Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Dynamic Simulation Targeting Main Protease (Mpro) of New, Thiazole Clubbed Pyridine Scaffolds as Potential COVID-19 Inhibitors. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1422-42. [PMID: 36826038 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Many biological activities of pyridine and thiazole derivatives have been reported, including antiviral activity and, more recently, as COVID-19 inhibitors. Thus, in this paper, we designed, synthesized, and characterized a novel series of N-aminothiazole-hydrazineethyl-pyridines, beginning with a N'-(1-(pyridine-3-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothiohydrazide derivative and various hydrazonoyl chlorides and phenacyl bromides. Their Schiff bases were prepared from the condensation of N-aminothiazole derivatives with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde. FTIR, MS, NMR, and elemental studies were used to identify new products. The binding energy for non-bonding interactions between the ligand (studied compounds) and receptor was determined using molecular docking against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDB code: 6LU7). Finally, the best docked pose with highest binding energy (8a = -8.6 kcal/mol) was selected for further molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies to verify the outcomes and comprehend the thermodynamic properties of the binding. Through additional in vitro and in vivo research on the newly synthesized chemicals, it is envisaged that the achieved results will represent a significant advancement in the fight against COVID-19.
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Morgan FLC, Fernández‐Pérez J, Moroni L, Baker MB. Tuning Hydrogels by Mixing Dynamic Cross-Linkers: Enabling Cell-Instructive Hydrogels and Advanced Bioinks. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101576. [PMID: 34614297 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of hydrogels that balance processability and extracellular matrix (ECM) biomimicry remains a challenge for tissue engineering and biofabrication. Hydrogels suitable for biofabrication techniques, yet tuneable to match the mechanical (static and dynamic) properties of native tissues remain elusive. Dynamic covalent hydrogels possessing shear-thinning/self-healing (processability) and time-dependent cross-links (mechanical properties) provide a potential solution, yet can be difficult to rationally control. Here, the straightforward modular mixing of dynamic cross-links with different timescales (hydrazone and oxime) is explored using rheology, self-healing tests, extrusion printing, and culture of primary human dermal fibroblasts. Maintaining a constant polymer content and cross-linker concentration, the stiffness and stress relaxation can be tuned across two orders of magnitude. All formulations demonstrate a similar flow profile after network rupture, allowing the separation of initial mechanical properties from flow behavior during printing. Furthermore, the self-healing nature of hydrogels with high hydrazone content enables recyclability of printed structures. Last, a distinct threshold for cell spreading and morphology is observed within this hydrogel series, even in multi-material constructs. Simple cross-linker mixing enables fine control and is of general interest for bioink development, targeting viscoelastic properties of specific cellular niches, and as an accessible and flexible platform for designing dynamic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis L. C. Morgan
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute Maastricht University Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Julia Fernández‐Pérez
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute Maastricht University Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute Maastricht University Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Matthew B. Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute Maastricht University Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
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Sharma B, Kumar S, Preeti, Johansen MD, Kremer L, Kumar V. 1H-1,2,3-triazole embedded Isatin-Benzaldehyde-bis(heteronuclearhydrazones): design, synthesis, antimycobacterial, and cytotoxic evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:301-307. [PMID: 34786862 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rapid growth of global drug-resistant tuberculosis and urgent requirement for short treatment regimens is stimulating the need for discovery of new TB drugs. In this work, we report the design, synthesis and in vitro antimycobacterial evaluation of a library of isatin-derived bis(heteronuclear hydrazones). Evaluation results revealed that the inclusion of isoniazid core into 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered isatin-benzaldehydes improved the antimycobacterial activity on tuberculosis mc2 6230 strain and significantly reduced the cytotoxicity against Vero cells. However, the introduction of semicarbazones/thiosemicarbazones or pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide produced the opposite effects. The compounds with isoniazid and polar-donating groups at the C-5 position of isatin emerged as the most promising conjugates with MIC99 = 0.36 µg/ml. The most active compounds were non-cytotoxic to Vero cells (IC50 >100 µg/ml) with selectivity indices >277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharvi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Preeti
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Matt D Johansen
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, IRIM, Montpellier, France
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Jadhav BS, Yamgar RS, Kenny RS, Mali SN, Chaudhari HK, Mandewale MC. Synthesis, In silico and Biological Studies of Thiazolyl-2h-chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Antitubercular Agents. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 16:511-522. [PMID: 31438831 DOI: 10.2174/1386207322666190722162100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of new six thiazolyl-2-amine-based Schiff base derivatives (4a-4f) were synthesized by a sequential multistep reaction starting with Salicylaldehyde. METHODS All the Schiff base derivatives were screened in-vitro for their antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RV strain) ATCC No-27294. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectrometry. RESULTS Among the compounds tested, 4c and 4f derivatives exhibited potent antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis at MIC 6.25 μg/mL. CONCLUSION We extended our study to explore the inhibition mechanism by conducting molecular docking analysis by using Schrodinger's molecular modeling software. All the newly synthesized compounds were found to be in-silico AMES test non-toxic and non-carcinogens. The good Qikprop's Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADMET) would definitely help the researchers in order to make more potent Anti-TB agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwat S Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, Government of Maharashtra, Ismail Yusuf College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Jogeshwari (East), Mumbai-400 060, India
| | - Ramesh S Yamgar
- Department of Chemistry, Chikitsak Samuha’s Patkar-Varde College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Goregaon (West), Mumbai 400 062, India
| | - Rajesh S Kenny
- Department of Chemistry, Chikitsak Samuha’s Patkar-Varde College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Goregaon (West), Mumbai 400 062, India
| | - Suraj N Mali
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | | | - Mustapha C Mandewale
- Department of Chemistry, Government of Maharashtra, Ismail Yusuf College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Jogeshwari (East), Mumbai-400 060, India
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Suo H, Zhao T, Wang Y, Ban Q, Sun WH. N-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-(quinolin-2-yl)propylidene) arylaminonickel Complexes and Their Ethylene Oligomerization. Molecules 2017; 22:E630. [PMID: 28406461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of N-(2,2-dimethyl-1-(quinolin-2-yl)propylidene) arylamines was sophisticatedly synthesized and reacted with nickel(II) bromine for the formation of the corresponding nickel complexes. All the organic compounds were characterized by IR, NMR spectra and elemental analysis, while all the nickel complexes were characterized by IR spectra and elemental analysis. On activation with ethylaluminium sesquichloride (EASC) and modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all nickel precatalysts exhibited good activities toward ethylene oligomerization, indicating the positive efficiency of gem-dimethyl substitutents; in which major hexenes were obtained with MMAO. The catalytic parameters were verified, and the steric and electronic influences of substituents with ligands were observed, with a slight change of activities under different ethylene pressures.
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Pahonțu E, Ilieș DC, Shova S, Paraschivescu C, Badea M, Gulea A, Roșu T. Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and antimicrobial activity of copper(II) complexes with the Schiff base derived from 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde. Molecules 2015; 20:5771-92. [PMID: 25849802 PMCID: PMC6272500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20045771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Schiff base, ethyl 4-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylene-amino]benzoate (HL), was prepared and structurally characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, UV-Vis and IR spectral data. Six new copper(II) complexes, [Cu(L)(NO3)(H2O)2] (1), [Cu(L)2] (2), [Cu(L)(OAc)] (3), [Cu2 (L)2Cl2(H2O)4] (4), [Cu(L)(ClO4)(H2O)] (5) and [Cu2(L2S)(ClO4)(H2O)]ClO4·H2O (6) have been synthesized. The characterization of the newly formed compounds was done by IR, UV-Vis, EPR, FAB mass spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements and molar electric conductivity. The crystal structures of Schiff base and the complex [Cu2(L2S)(ClO4)(H2O)]ClO4·H2O (6) have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Both copper atoms display a distorted octahedral coordination type [O4NS]. This coordination is ensured by three phenol oxygen, two of which being related to the µ-oxo-bridge, the nitrogen atoms of the azomethine group and the sulfur atoms that come from the polydentate ligand. The in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus and Candida albicans strains was studied and compared with that of free ligand. The complexes 1, 2, 5 showed a better antimicrobial activity than the Schiff base against the tested microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pahonțu
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Diana-Carolina Ilieș
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 23 Dumbrava Rosie Street, 020462 Bucharest, Romania.
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Shova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry "Petru Poni", 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Codruța Paraschivescu
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Badea
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 23 Dumbrava Rosie Street, 020462 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Aurelian Gulea
- Coordination Chemistry Department, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, 2009 Chisinau, Moldova.
| | - Tudor Roșu
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 23 Dumbrava Rosie Street, 020462 Bucharest, Romania.
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Chen KY, Tsai HY. Synthesis, X-ray structure, spectroscopic properties and DFT studies of a novel Schiff base. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18706-24. [PMID: 25329613 PMCID: PMC4227241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Schiff bases, salicylideneaniline derivatives 1-4, was synthesized under mild conditions and characterized by 1H NMR, HRMS, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In solid and aprotic solvents 1-4 exist mainly as E conformers that possess an intramolecular six-membered-ring hydrogen bond. A weak intramolecular C-H···F hydrogen bond is also observed in fluoro-functionalized Schiff base 4, which generates another S(6) ring motif. The C-H···F hydrogen bond further stabilizes its structure and leads it to form a planar configuration. Compounds 1-3 exhibit solely a long-wavelength proton-transfer tautomer emission, while dipole-functionalized Schiff base 4 shows remarkable dual emission originated from the excited-state intramolecular charge transfer (ESICT) and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) states. Furthermore, the geometric structures, frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) and the potential energy curves for 1-4 in the ground and the first singlet excited state were fully rationalized by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kew-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Yang Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
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Jankowska J, Rode MF, Sadlej J, Sobolewski AL. Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer: photoswitching in salicylidene methylamine derivatives. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:1643-52. [PMID: 24782113 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201301205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of chemical substitutions on the photophysical properties of the salicylidene methylamine molecule (SMA) (J. Jankowska, M. F. Rode, J. Sadlej, A. L. Sobolewski, ChemPhysChem, 2012, 13, 4287-4294) is studied with the aid of ab initio electronic structure methods. It is shown that combining π-electron-donating and π-electron-withdrawing substituents results in an electron-density push-and-pull effect on the energetic landscape of the ground and the lowest excited ππ* and nπ* singlet states of the system. The presented search for the most appropriate SMA derivatives with respect to their photoswitching functionality offers an efficient prescreening tool for finding chemical structures before real synthetic realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jankowska
- College of Interfaculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw (Poland); Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw (Poland), Fax: (+48) 22 822 59 96
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Haney CM, Horne WS. Oxime side-chain cross-links in an α-helical coiled-coil protein: structure, thermodynamics, and folding-templated synthesis of bicyclic species. Chemistry 2013; 19:11342-51. [PMID: 23843311 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Covalent side-chain cross-links are a versatile method to control peptide folding, particularly when α-helical secondary structure is the target. Here, we examine the application of oxime bridges, formed by the chemoselective reaction between aminooxy and aldehyde side chains, for the stabilization of a helical peptide involved in a protein-protein complex. A series of sequence variants of the dimeric coiled coil GCN4-p1 bearing oxime bridges at solvent-exposed positions were prepared and biophysically characterized. Triggered unmasking of a side-chain aldehyde in situ and subsequent cyclization proceed rapidly and cleanly at pH 7 in the folded protein complex. Comparison of folding thermodynamics among a series of different oxime bridges show that the cross links are consistently stabilizing to the coiled coil, with the extent of stabilization sensitive to the exact size and structure of the macrocycle. X-ray crystallographic analysis of a coiled coil with the best cross link in place and a second structure of its linear precursor show how the bridge is accommodated into an α-helix. Preparation of a bicyclic oligomer by simultaneous formation of two linkages in situ demonstrates the potential use of triggered oxime formation to both trap and stabilize a particular peptide folded conformation in the bound state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor M Haney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Ibrahim MM, Ali HM, Abdullah MA, Hassandarvish P. Acute toxicity and gastroprotective effect of the Schiff base ligand ¹H-indole-3-ethylene-5-nitrosalicylaldimine and its nickel (II) complex on ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats. Molecules 2012; 17:12449-59. [PMID: 23090023 PMCID: PMC6268460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation reaction of tryptamine (an indole derivative) and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde (TNS) and its nickel (II) complex against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The compounds were orally administered with low (30 mg/kg) and high (60 mg/kg) doses to ulcer-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Macroscopically, the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) complex each resulted in significant protection against gastric mucosal injury. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with TNS and its nickel complex. Histological studies of the gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) compound, where there was marked gastric protection along with reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study done on mice with a higher dose of 5 g/kg of TNS and its nickel (II) complex did not manifest any toxicological signs. Research finding suggest that TNS and its nickel (II) complex could be considered as effective gastroprotective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.); (P.H.)
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.); (P.H.)
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Gwaram NS, Ali HM, Khaledi H, Abdulla MA, Hadi AHA, Lin TK, Ching CL, Ooi CL. Antibacterial evaluation of some Schiff bases derived from 2-acetylpyridine and their metal complexes. Molecules 2012; 17:5952-71. [PMID: 22609786 PMCID: PMC6269056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Schiff bases derived from 2-acetylpyridne and their metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral studies. The complexes were screened for anti-bacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumanni (AC), Klebsiella pneumonie (KB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) using the disc diffusion and micro broth dilution assays. Based on the overall results, the complexes showed the highest activities against MRSA while a weak antibacterial activity was observed against A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nura Suleiman Gwaram
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hamid Khaledi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - A. Hamid A. Hadi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Thong Kwai Lin
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
| | - Chai Lay Ching
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
| | - Cher Lin Ooi
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
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Lehwess-Litzmann A, Neumann P, Golbik R, Parthier C, Tittmann K. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of transaldolase from Thermoplasma acidophilum. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2011; 67:584-6. [PMID: 21543867 PMCID: PMC3087646 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309111009274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic enzyme transaldolase from Thermoplasma acidophilum was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli and could be crystallized in two polymorphic forms. Crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using PEG 6000 as precipitant. Native data sets for crystal forms 1 and 2 were collected in-house to resolutions of 3.0 and 2.7 Å, respectively. Crystal form 1 belonged to the orthorhombic space group C222(1) with five monomers per asymmetric unit and crystal form 2 belonged to the monoclinic space group P2(1) with ten monomers per asymmetric unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Lehwess-Litzmann
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Ernst-Caspari-Haus, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Piotr Neumann
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Ernst-Caspari-Haus, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ralph Golbik
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Christoph Parthier
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Kai Tittmann
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Ernst-Caspari-Haus, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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Goudgaon NM, Basha NJ, Patil SB. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of 5-iodopyrimidine analogs. Indian J Pharm Sci 2009; 71:672-7. [PMID: 20376222 PMCID: PMC2846474 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.59551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Substituted-5-iodo-2-benzylthiopyrimidines were prepared efficiently in three steps. 2-Benzylthiopyrimidine on iodination in presence of base gave 5-iodo-2-benzylthiopyrimidine (1), which on chlorination with excess of POCl(3) furnished 4-chloro-5-iodo-2-benzylthiopyrimidine (2). Reaction of 2 with substituted aromatic amines, 2-aminopyridine and hydrazine hydrate yielded 4-amino-5-iodo-2-benzylthiopyrimidines 3(a-e), (3f) and (3g) respectively. Further, 4-hydrazino-5-iodo-2-benzylthiopyrimidine on condensation with substituted aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes afforded the corresponding schiff bases 4(a-h). The structure of synthesized compounds have been established by spectral studies and elemental analysis. Synthesized compounds have been screened for antimicrobial activity. Compound 3f exhibited good antifungal activity against A. niger. The compounds 4a, 4c, 4d, 4g and 4h exhibited good antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Goudgaon
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585 106, India
| | - N. J. Basha
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585 106, India
| | - S. B. Patil
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585 106, India
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Zradni FZ, Hamelin J, Derdour A. Solventless lactam synthesis by intramolecular cyclizations of alpha-iminoester derivatives under microwave irradiation. Molecules 2007; 12:439-54. [PMID: 17851403 PMCID: PMC6149461 DOI: 10.3390/12030439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2007] [Revised: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported a new synthesis of amides from esters and amines under microwave irradiation, offering much higher yields than those achieved with conventional heating [1]. We have now extended these studies to the ring closure of neat iminoesters I2, I3 and I4-I6 to give five- and six-membered ring lactams L5, L6 and larger lactams L7-L9 (where I means imine and L means lactam), respectively, under both classical heating conditions and microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima-Zohra Zradni
- Faculté des Sciences, Département de Chimie, Université d’Es-sénia, Oran, B.P 1524, Algeria; E-Mail:
| | - Jack Hamelin
- Groupe d'Ingénierie Chimique et Molécules pour le Vivant 3(ICMV3)-UMR 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France; E-mail:
| | - Aicha Derdour
- Faculté des Sciences, Département de Chimie, Université d’Es-sénia, Oran, B.P 1524, Algeria; E-Mail:
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15
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Abstract
Difference spectra measured at -105 degrees show two decreases in the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of rhodopsin upon bleaching that cannot be attributed to changes in protein conformation. These absorbancy decreases in rhodopsin are consistent with a cis-trans isomerization of the chromophore.
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