1
|
Patel T, Sugandh F, Bai S, Varrassi G, Devi A, Khatri M, Kumar S, Dembra D, Dahri S. Single Incision Mini-Sling Versus Mid-Urethral Sling (Transobturator/Retropubic) in Females With Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e37773. [PMID: 37214065 PMCID: PMC10194431 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urine incontinence (SUI) is most common in middle-aged women and the second most common in those over 75. SUI causes significant discomfort and suffering for patients and has a considerable financial impact on the healthcare system. Conservative approaches are recommended as the first step in treatment. However, surgery is often necessary to improve a patient's quality of life due to the high failure rate of conservative treatments. A thorough literature review of studies published before March 2023 was conducted on the safety and effectiveness of single-incision mini slings (SIMS) and standard mid-urethral slings (MUS). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Elsevier's ScienceDirect were used to retrieve the studies. Two reviewers independently searched and evaluated the data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Included were seventeen studies involving 3,503 female SUI patients without intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) or mixed urinary incontinence. According to the results of our meta-analysis, the clinical efficacy of SIMS is comparable to that of MUS in terms of objective cure rate (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.03, p: 0.66, I2: 29%). In contrast, it increases the post-procedure International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) score (WMD: 0.08; 95% CI: -0.08 to 0.08). CI: -0.02 to 0.18, p: 0.11, I2: 55%) and improves the PGI-I score to a greater extent (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.08, p: 0.36, I2: 76%). In contrast, there is no difference between the two groups regarding patient satisfaction (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.01, p: 0.16, I2: 0%) and Sandvik score reduction (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.02, p: 0.35, I2: 0%). In conclusion, single-incision mid-urethral slings (SIMS) are as effective as mid-urethral slings (MUS) for treating pure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) without intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD), with a shorter operation time. However, the SIMS procedure has a higher incidence of dyspareunia. At the same time, bladder perforation, mesh-related complications, pelvic/groin pain, urinary tract infection (UTI), worsening urgency, dysuria, and pain score are less likely to occur with SIMS. Only the decrease in pelvic/groin pain was statistically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tirath Patel
- Surgery, American University of Antigua, St John, ATG
| | - Fnu Sugandh
- Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
- Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Shuaita Bai
- Medicine and Surgery, Peoples University of Medical & Health Science, Nawabshah, PAK
| | | | - Anjuli Devi
- Medicine and Surgery, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mahima Khatri
- Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine and Surgery, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Deepak Dembra
- Surgery, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Papež N, Dallaev R, Kaspar P, Sobola D, Škarvada P, Ţălu Ş, Ramazanov S, Nebojsa A. Characterization of GaAs Solar Cells under Supercontinuum Long-Time Illumination. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14020461. [PMID: 33477904 PMCID: PMC7833441 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work is dedicated to the description of the degradation of GaAs solar cells under continuous laser irradiation. Constant and strong exposure of the solar cell was performed over two months. Time-dependent electrical characteristics are presented. The structure of the solar cells was studied at the first and last stages of degradation test. The data from Raman spectroscopy, reflectometry, and secondary ion mass spectrometry confirm displacement of titanium and aluminum atoms. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed a slight redistribution of oxygen bonds in the anti-corrosion coating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Papež
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (R.D.); (P.K.); (D.S.); (P.Š.)
| | - Rashid Dallaev
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (R.D.); (P.K.); (D.S.); (P.Š.)
| | - Pavel Kaspar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (R.D.); (P.K.); (D.S.); (P.Š.)
| | - Dinara Sobola
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (R.D.); (P.K.); (D.S.); (P.Š.)
- CEITEC BUT – Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Ecology, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, St. M. Gadjieva 43-a, 367015 Dagestan Republic, Russia;
| | - Pavel Škarvada
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (R.D.); (P.K.); (D.S.); (P.Š.)
- CEITEC BUT – Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Ştefan Ţălu
- Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Constantin Daicoviciu Street, no. 15, Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj County, Romania
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +40-264-401-200; Fax: +40-264-592-055
| | - Shikhgasan Ramazanov
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Ecology, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, St. M. Gadjieva 43-a, 367015 Dagestan Republic, Russia;
| | - Alois Nebojsa
- CEITEC BUT – Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sze WT, Pudney R, Wei L. Inpatients' satisfaction towards information received about medicines. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2020; 27:280-285. [PMID: 32839260 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2018-001721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Healthcare providers (HCPs) often overestimate the quality and quantity of information they provide to patients. This study aimed to find out inpatients' satisfaction towards information about medicines provided during inpatient stay. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Lewisham Hospital and Queen Elizabeth Hospital in June 2017. Patients' satisfaction with information about medicines provided during inpatient stay was assessed using a 17-item Satisfaction with Information about Medicines Scale (SIMS). RESULTS 71 patients completed the questionnaire. The average percentage of patients being satisfied with the information provided in the nine-item 'action and usage' subscale of SIMS was 74.4%, compared with the eight-item 'potential problems' subscale with an average percentage of 56%. Patients aged 45-64 were more likely to be satisfied with information on 'how the medicines work' than the 65 and above as well as the 18-44 age groups (p=0.045). Patients who attended secondary school and below were more likely to be satisfied than those attending college and above towards this information (p=0.002). Patients of white or mixed white and black ethnicity were less satisfied than other ethnic groups of information regarding the impact of medication on sex life (p=0.019). Black or black British were more likely to be satisfied towards information on unwanted medication side effects compared with other ethnic groups (p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS HCPs could improve on the provision of information on potential problems that patients might experience with their medicines. Patients' age, educational level and ethnicity should be taken into consideration when providing information about medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Thing Sze
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Pudney
- Department of Pharmacy, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Li Wei
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandez-Lima FA, Eller MJ, DeBord JD, Levy MJ, Verkhoturov SV, Della-Negra S, Schweikert EA. Analysis of Fluorescent Proteins with a Nanoparticle Probe. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:337-341. [PMID: 22308203 PMCID: PMC3270945 DOI: 10.1021/jz201547x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This letter presents the first application of high energy, single nanoparticle probes (e.g., 520 keV Au(400) 2nm NP) in the characterization of surfaces containing fluorescent proteins (e.g., GFP variants) by their co-emitted photon, electron and secondary ion signals. NP induced protein luminescence increases with the NP incident energy, is originated by the NP impact and is transferred to the protein fluorophor via electronic energy transfer. Multi-electron emission is observed per single NP impacts and their distributions are specific to the target morphology and composition. Fragment ions of protein sub-units consisting of 2-7 amino acid peptides are observed under individual NP impacts that can be correlated to the random protein orientation relative to the impact site (e.g., outer layer or "skin" of the protein).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J. Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - J. Daniel DeBord
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - Michaella J. Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | | | | | - Emile A. Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amstalden van Hove ER, Smith DF, Fornai L, Glunde K, Heeren RMA. An alternative paper based tissue washing method for mass spectrometry imaging: localized washing and fragile tissue analysis. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2011; 22:1885-90. [PMID: 21952901 PMCID: PMC3177040 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface treatment of biological tissue sections improves detection of peptides and proteins for mass spectrometry imaging. However, liquid surface treatments can result in diffusion of surface analytes and fragile tissue sections can be easily damaged by typical washing solvents. Here, we present a new surface washing procedure for mass spectrometry imaging. This procedure uses solvent wetted fiber-free paper to enable local washing of tissue sections for mass spectrometry imaging and tissue profiling experiments. In addition, the method allows fragile tissues that cannot be treated by conventional washing techniques to be analyzed by mass spectrometry imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald F. Smith
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Fornai
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristine Glunde
- JHU In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht University, H.R. Kruytgebouw, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
An organic delta layer system made of alternating Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of barium arachidate (AA) and barium dimyristoyl phosphatidate (DMPA) was constructed to elucidate the factors that control depth resolution in molecular depth profile experiments. More specifically, one or several bilayers of DMPA (4.4 nm) were embedded in relatively thick (51 to 105 nm) multilayer stacks of AA, resulting in a well-defined delta layer model system closely resembling a biological membrane. 3-D imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) depth profile analysis was performed on this system using a focused buckminsterfullerene (C(60)) cluster ion beam. The delta layer depth response function measured in these experiments exhibits similar features as those determined in inorganic depth profiling, namely an asymmetric shape with quasi-exponential leading and trailing edges and a central Gaussian peak. The effects of sample temperature, primary ion kinetic energy, and incident angle on the depth resolution were investigated. While the information depth of the acquired SIMS spectra was found to be temperature independent, the depth resolution was found to be significantly improved at low temperature. Ion induced mixing is proposed to be largely responsible for the broadening, rather than topography, as determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM); therefore, depth resolution can be optimized using lower kinetic energy, glancing angle, and liquid nitrogen temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Andreas Wucher
- Faculty of Physics, University Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
First evidence of photon emission from individual impacts of massive gold projectiles on solids for a number of projectile-target combinations is reported. Photon emission from individual impacts of massive Au(n) (+q) (1 ≤ n ≤ 400; q = 1-4) projectiles with impact energies in the range of 28-136 keV occurs in less than 10 ns after the projectile impact. Experimental observations show an increase in the photon yield from individual impacts with the projectile size and velocity. Concurrently with the photon emission, electron emission from the impact area has been observed below the kinetic emission threshold and under unlikely conditions for potential electron emission. We interpret the puzzling electron emission and correlated luminescence observation as evidence of the electronic excitation resulting from the high-energy density deposited by massive cluster projectiles during the impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - V. T. Pinnick
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - S. Della-Negra
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, B.P. No. 1, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - E. A. Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandez-Lima FA, Eller MJ, Verkhoturov SV, Della-Negra S, Schweikert EA. Photon, Electron and Secondary Ion Emission from Single C(60) keV Impacts. J Phys Chem Lett 2010; 1:3510-3513. [PMID: 21218166 PMCID: PMC3015144 DOI: 10.1021/jz1014345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the first observation of coincidental emission of photons, electrons and secondary ions from individual C(60) keV impacts. An increase in photon, electron and secondary ion yields is observed as a function of C(60) projectile energy. The effect of target structure/composition on photon and electron emissions at the nanometer level is shown for a CsI target. The time-resolved photon emission may be characterized by a fast component emission in the UV-Vis range with a short decay time, while the electron and secondary ion emission follow a Poisson distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. A. Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - M. J. Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - S. V. Verkhoturov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - S. Della-Negra
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, B.P. No. 1, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - E. A. Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Robach JS, Stock SR, Veis A. Structure of first- and second-stage mineralized elements in teeth of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. J Struct Biol 2009; 168:452-66. [PMID: 19616101 PMCID: PMC2783381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microstructure of the teeth of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus was investigated using optical microscopy, SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and SIMS (secondary ion mass spectroscopy). The study focused on the internal structure of the first-stage mineral structures of high Mg calcite (primary, secondary and carinar process plates, prisms) and on morphology of the columns of second-stage mineral (very high Mg calcite) that cement the first-stage material together. Optical micrographs under polarized light revealed contrast in the centers (midlines) of carinar process plates and in prisms in polished sections; staining of primary and carinar process plates revealed significant dye uptake at the plate centers. Demineralization with and without fixation revealed that the midlines of primary and carinar process plates (but not secondary plates) and the centers of prisms differed from the rest of the plate or prism, and SIMS showed proteins concentrated in these plate centers. SEM was used to study the morphology of columns, the fracture surfaces of mature teeth and the 3D morphology of prisms. These observations of internal structures in plates and prisms offer new insight into the mineralization process and suggest an important role for protein inclusions within the first-stage mineral. Some of the 3D structures not reported previously, such as twisted prisms and stacks of carinar process plates with nested wrinkles, may represent structural strengthening strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Robach
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA
- TC Industries, 3703 S. Rt. 31, Crystal Lake, IL, USA
| | - S. R. Stock
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA
| | - A. Veis
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The Slx5/Slx8 protein complex, a heterodimeric SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase, plays an important role in genomic integrity. Slx5/Slx8 is believed to interact with sumoylated proteins that reside in the nuclei of budding yeast cells. In this complex, Slx5, owing to at least two SUMO interacting motifs (SIMs), has been proposed to be the targeting subunit of the Slx8 ubiquitin ligase. However, little is known about the exact subnuclear localization and targets of Slx5/Slx8. In this study we show that Slx5, but not Slx8, forms prominent nuclear foci. The formation of these foci depends on SUMO and a SIM in Slx5. Therefore, we investigated the subnuclear localization and potential chromatin association of Slx5. Using co-localization studies in live cells and fixed chromatin, we were able to localize Slx5 to DNA damage induced foci of Rad52 and Rad9, two proteins involved in the cellular response to DNA damage. Subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies revealed that Slx5 is associated with HO endonuclease induced chromosome breaks. Surprisingly, real-time PCR analysis of Slx5 ChIPs revealed that the level of Slx5 at HO breaks in an slx8 deletion background is reduced about 4-fold. These results indicate that the DNA-damage targeting of Slx5/Slx8 depends on formation of the heterodimer and that this occurs at a subset of nuclear foci also containing DNA damage repair and checkpoint factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Cook
- The College of William & Mary, Biology Dept., Williamsburg, VA 23185
| | - Mark Hochstrasser
- Yale University, Dept. of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Oliver Kerscher
- The College of William & Mary, Biology Dept., Williamsburg, VA 23185
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deans DAC, Tan BH, Wigmore SJ, Ross JA, de Beaux AC, Paterson-Brown S, Fearon KCH. The influence of systemic inflammation, dietary intake and stage of disease on rate of weight loss in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:63-9. [PMID: 19127266 PMCID: PMC2634686 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although weight loss is often a dominant symptom in patients with upper gastrointestinal malignancy, there is a lack of objective evidence describing changes in nutritional status and potential associations between weight loss, food intake, markers of systemic inflammation and stage of disease in such patients. Two hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with gastric/oesophageal cancer were studied. Patients underwent nutritional assessment consisting of calculation of body mass index, measurement of weight loss, dysphagia scoring and estimation of dietary intake. Serum acute-phase protein concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In all, 182 (83%) patients had lost weight at diagnosis (median loss, 7% body weight). Weight loss was associated with poor performance status, advanced disease stage, dysphagia, reduced dietary intake and elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Multiple regression identified dietary intake (estimate of effect, 38%), serum CRP concentrations (estimate of effect, 34%) and stage of disease (estimate of effect, 28%) as independent variables in determining degree of weight loss. Mechanisms other than reduced dietary intake or mechanical obstruction by the tumour appear to be involved in the nutritional decline in patients with gastro-oesophageal malignancy. Recognition that systemic inflammation plays a role in nutritional depletion may inform the development of appropriate therapeutic strategies to ameliorate weight loss, making patients more tolerant of cancer-modifying treatments such as chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A C Deans
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - B H Tan
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S J Wigmore
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - J A Ross
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - A C de Beaux
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S Paterson-Brown
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - K C H Fearon
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The effect of incident angle on the quality of SIMS molecular depth profiling using C(60) (+) was investigated. Cholesterol films of ~300 nm thickness on Si were employed as a model and were eroded using 40 keV C(60) (+) at an incident angle of 40° and 73° with respect to the surface normal. The erosion process was characterized by determining at each angle the relative amount of chemical damage, the total sputtering yield of cholesterol molecules, and the interface width between the film and the Si substrate. The results show that there is less molecule damage at an angle of incidence of 73° and that the total sputtering yield is largest at an angle of incidence of 40°. The measurements suggest reduced damage is not necessarily dependent upon enhanced yields and that depositing the incident energy nearer the surface by using glancing angles is most important. The interface width parameter supports this idea by indicating that at the 73° incident angle, C(60) (+) produces a smaller altered layer depth. Overall, the results show that 73° incidence is the better angle for molecular depth profiling using 40 keV C(60) (+).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kozole
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - David Willingham
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Nicholas Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zheng L, Wucher A, Winograd N. Fundamental studies of molecular depth profiling and 3D imaging using Langmuir-Blodgett films as a model. Appl Surf Sci 2008; 255:816-818. [PMID: 19551160 PMCID: PMC2699945 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.05.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular depth profiling and three-dimensional imaging using cluster projectiles and SIMS have become a prominent tool for organic and biological materials characterization. To further explore the fundamental features of cluster bombardment of organic materials, especially depth resolution and differential sputtering, we have developed a reproducible and robust model system consisting of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayer films. Molecular depth profiles were acquired, using a 40-keV C(60) (+) probe, with LB films chemically alternating between barium arachidate and barium dimyristoyl phosphatidate. The chemical structures were successfully resolved as a function of depth. The molecular ion signals were better preserved when the experiment was performed under cryogenic conditions than at room temperature. A novel method was used to convert the scale of fluence into depth which facilitated quantitative measurement of the interface width. Furthermore, the LB films were imaged as a function of depth. The reconstruction of the SIMS images correctly represented the original chemical structure of the film. It also provided useful information about interface mixing and edge effects during sputtering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiliang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Andreas Wucher
- Physics Department, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kurczy ME, Kozole J, Parry SA, Piehowski PD, Winograd N, Ewing AG. Relative Quantification of Cellular Sections with Molecular Depth Profiling ToF- SIMS Imaging. Appl Surf Sci 2008; 255:1158-1161. [PMID: 19247454 PMCID: PMC2663911 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of SIMS imaging to quantify the relative difference in the amount of lipid between two sections, the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm, of single cells from two different populations. Cells were each labeled with lipophillic dyes, frozen, fractured and analyzed in a ToF-SIMS mass spectrometer equipped with a 40 keV C(60) (+) ion source. In addition to identifying cells from separate populations, the lipophilic dyes can be used as a marker for the outer leaflet of the cell membrane and therefore as a depth finder. Here, we show that it is possible to compare the amount of lipids with particular headgroups in the cell membrane of a treated cell to the membrane of a control cell. Following erosion of the cell membranes, the amount of the two specific lipid head groups in the cytoplasm of the treated cell can be compared to those lipids in a control cell. Here we take the first step in this experimental design and display the ability to analyze multiple sections of frozen cells following a single fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Kurczy
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Joseph Kozole
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - S. A. Parry
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - P. D. Piehowski
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Nicholas Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - A. G. Ewing
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802
- Department of Chemistry, Gothenburg University, Kemivägen 4, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|