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Meng X, Möller J, Menchón RE, Weismann A, Sánchez-Portal D, Garcia-Lekue A, Herges R, Berndt R. Kondo Effect of Co-Porphyrin: Remarkable Sensitivity to Adsorption Sites and Orientations. Nano Lett 2024; 24:180-186. [PMID: 38150551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the Kondo effect of cobalt(II)-5-15-bis(4'-bromophenyl)-10,20-bis(4'-iodophenyl)porphyrin (CoTPPBr2I2) molecules on Au(111) with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The molecules exhibit four adsorption configurations at the top and bridge sites of the surface with different molecular orientations. The Kondo resonance shows extraordinary sensitivity to the adsorption configuration. By switching the molecule between different configurations, the Kondo temperature is varied over a wide range from ≈8 up to ≈250 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that changes of the adsorption configuration lead to distinct variations of the hybridization between the molecule and the surface. Furthermore, we show that surface reconstruction plays a significant role for the molecular Kondo effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jenny Möller
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rodrigo E Menchón
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniría y Agrimensura (FCEIA), Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR), 2000 Rosario, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aran Garcia-Lekue
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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2
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Bai H, Feng J, Liu D, Zhou P, Wu R, Kwok CT, Ip WF, Feng W, Sui X, Liu H, Pan H. Advances in Spin Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions. Small 2023; 19:e2205638. [PMID: 36417556 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Searching for high effective catalysts has been an endless effort to improve the efficiency of green energy harvesting and degradation of pollutants. In the past decades, tremendous strategies are explored to achieve high effective catalysts, and various theoretical understandings are proposed for the improved activity. As the catalytic reaction occurs at the surface or edge, the unsaturated ions may lead to the fluctuation of spin. Meanwhile, transition metals in catalysts have diverse spin states and may yield the spin effects. Therefore, the role of spin or magnetic moment should be carefully examined. In this review, the recent development of spin catalysts is discussed to give an insightful view on the origins for the improved catalytic activity. First, a brief introduction on the applications and advances in spin-related catalytic phenomena, is given, and then the fundamental principles of spin catalysts and magnetic fields-radical reactions are introduced in the second part. The spin-related catalytic performance reported in oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) is systematically discussed in the third part, and general rules are summarized accordingly. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are given. This review may provide an insightful understanding of the microscopic mechanisms of catalytic phenomena and guide the design of spin-related catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Bai
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Jinxian Feng
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Rucheng Wu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Chi Tat Kwok
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Weng Fai Ip
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wenlin Feng
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xulei Sui
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advance Technology of Ceramics, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P.R. China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
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3
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Meng X, Möller J, Mansouri M, Sánchez-Portal D, Garcia-Lekue A, Weismann A, Li C, Herges R, Berndt R. Controlling the Spin States of FeTBrPP on Au(111). ACS Nano 2022; 17:1268-1274. [PMID: 36440841 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Spin-flip excitations of iron porphyrin molecules on Au(111) are investigated with a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The molecules adopt two distinct adsorption configurations on the surface that exhibit different magnetic anisotropy energies. Density functional theory calculations show that the different structures and excitation energies reflect unlike occupations of the Fe 3d levels. We demonstrate that the magnetic anisotropy energy can be controlled by changing the adsorption site, the orientation, or the tip-molecule distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
| | - Jenny Möller
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
| | - Masoud Mansouri
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aran Garcia-Lekue
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
| | - Chao Li
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098Kiel, Germany
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Chen Z, Niu H, Ding J, Liu H, Chen PH, Lu YH, Lu YR, Zuo W, Han L, Guo Y, Hung SF, Zhai Y. Unraveling the Origin of Sulfur-Doped Fe-N-C Single-Atom Catalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity: Effect of Iron Spin-State Tuning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25404-25410. [PMID: 34550627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatom doped atomically dispersed Fe1 -NC catalysts have been found to show excellent activity toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the origin of the enhanced activity is still controversial because the structure-function relationship governing the enhancement remains elusive. Herein, sulfur(S)-doped Fe1 -NC catalyst was obtained as a model, which displays a superior activity for ORR towards the traditional Fe-NC materials. 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that incorporation of S in the second coordination sphere of Fe1 -NC can induce the transition of spin polarization configuration. Operando 57 Fe Mössbauer spectra definitively identified the low spin single-Fe3+ -atom of C-FeN4 -S moiety as the active site for ORR. Moreover, DFT calculations unveiled that lower spin state of the Fe center after the S doping promotes OH* desorption process. This work elucidates the underlying mechanisms towards S doping for enhancing ORR activity, and paves a way to investigate the function of broader heteroatom doped Fe1 -NC catalysts to offer a general guideline for spin-state-determined ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Huan Niu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Jie Ding
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Heng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid Physics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yueming Zhai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Abstract
The electronic and geometric structures of the water-oxidizing complex of photosystem II in the steps of the catalytic cycle that precede dioxygen evolution remain hotly debated. Recent structural and spectroscopic investigations support contradictory redox formulations for the active-site Mn4 CaOx cofactor in the final metastable S3 state. These range from the widely accepted MnIV 4 oxo-hydroxo model, which presumes that O-O bond formation occurs in the ultimate transient intermediate (S4 ) of the catalytic cycle, to a MnIII 2 MnIV 2 peroxo model representative of the contrasting "early-onset" O-O bond formation hypothesis. Density functional theory energetics of suggested S3 redox isomers are inconclusive because of extreme functional dependence. Here, we use the power of the domain-based local pair natural orbital approach to coupled cluster theory, DLPNO-CCSD(T), to present the first correlated wave function theory calculations of relative stabilities for distinct redox-isomeric forms of the S3 state. Our results enabled us to evaluate conflicting models for the S3 state of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) and to quantify the accuracy of lower-level theoretical approaches. Our assessment of the relevance of distinct redox-isomeric forms for the mechanism of biological water oxidation strongly disfavors the scenario of early-onset O-O formation advanced by literal interpretations of certain crystallographic models. This work serves as a case study in the application of modern coupled cluster implementations to redox isomerism problems in oligonuclear transition metal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drosou
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisZografou15771Greece
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an derRuhrGermany
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Lee HB, Shiau AA, Marchiori DA, Oyala PH, Yoo BK, Kaiser JT, Rees DC, Britt RD, Agapie T. CaMn 3 IV O 4 Cubane Models of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex: Spin Ground States S<9/2 and the Effect of Oxo Protonation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17671-17679. [PMID: 34042234 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the single crystal XRD and MicroED structure, magnetic susceptibility, and EPR data of a series of CaMn3 IV O4 and YMn3 IV O4 complexes as structural and spectroscopic models of the cuboidal subunit of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The effect of changes in heterometal identity, cluster geometry, and bridging oxo protonation on the spin-state structure was investigated. In contrast to previous computational models, we show that the spin ground state of CaMn3 IV O4 complexes and variants with protonated oxo moieties need not be S=9/2. Desymmetrization of the pseudo-C3 -symmetric Ca(Y)Mn3 IV O4 core leads to a lower S=5/2 spin ground state. The magnitude of the magnetic exchange coupling is attenuated upon oxo protonation, and an S=3/2 spin ground state is observed in CaMn3 IV O3 (OH). Our studies complement the observation that the interconversion between the low-spin and high-spin forms of the S2 state is pH-dependent, suggesting that the (de)protonation of bridging or terminal oxygen atoms in the OEC may be connected to spin-state changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heui Beom Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Angela A Shiau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - David A Marchiori
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Byung-Kuk Yoo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Jens T Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Douglas C Rees
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - R David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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Platonenko A, Gentile FS, Pascale F, D'Arco P, Dovesi R. Interstitial carbon defects in silicon. A quantum mechanical characterization through the infrared and Raman spectra. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:806-817. [PMID: 33648024 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of various interstitial carbon defects in silicon are computed at the quantum mechanical level by using an all electron Gaussian type basis set, the hybrid B3LYP functional and the supercell approach, as implemented in the CRYSTAL code (Dovesi et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 152, 204111). The list includes two 〈100〉 split interstitial IXY defects, namely ICC and ICSi , a couple of related defects that we indicate as IX IY , the so called C i C s 0 in its A and B form, as well as SiCi Si and Cs Ci Cs , in which the interstitial carbon atom is twofold coordinated. The second undergoes a large relaxation, and the final configuration is close to ICC Cs . Geometries, relative stabilities, electronic, and vibrational properties are analysed. All these defects show characteristic features in their IR spectrum (above 730 cm- 1 ), whereas the Raman spectrum is dominated, in most of the cases, by the pristine silicon peak at 530 cm-1 , that hides the defect peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabien Pascale
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Roberto Dovesi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Center, Torino, Italy
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Xia B, Wang T, Ran J, Jiang S, Gao X, Gao D. Optimized Conductivity and Spin States in N-Doped LaCoO 3 for Oxygen Electrocatalysis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:2447-2454. [PMID: 33399444 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The spin state of antibonding orbital (eg) occupancy in LaCoO3 is recognized as a descriptor for its oxygen electrocatalysis. However, the Co(III) cation in typical LaCoO3 (LCO) favors low spin state, which is mediocre for absorbing oxygen-containing groups involved in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), thus hindering its further development in electrocatalysis. Herein, both experimental and theoretical results reveal the enhancement of bifunctional electrocatalytic activity in LaCoO3 by N doping. More specifically, electron energy loss spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interference devices magnetic analysis demonstrate that the Co(III) cation in N-doped LaCoO3 (LCON) achieves a moderate eg occupancy (≈1) compared with its low spin state in LaCO3. First-principle calculation results reveal that N dopants play a bifunctional role of tuning the spin-state transition of Co(III) cations and increasing the electrical conductivity of LCO. Thus, the optimized LCON exhibits an OER overpotential of 1.69 V at the current density of 50 mA/cm2 (1.94 V for pristine LCO) and yields an ORR limiting current density of 5.78 mA/cm2 (4.01 mA/cm2 for pristine LCO), which offers a new strategy to simultaneously modulate the magnetic and electronic structures of LCO to further enhance its electrocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensing Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Ran
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Subin Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensing Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Daqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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9
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Li J, Geng C, Weiske T, Zhou M, Li J, Schwarz H. Revisiting the Intriguing Electronic Features of the BeOBeC Carbyne and Some Isomers: A Quantum-Chemical Assessment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17261-17265. [PMID: 32568419 PMCID: PMC7540417 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extensive high-level quantum-chemical calculations reveal that the rod-shaped molecule BeOBeC, which was recently generated in matrix experiments, exists in two nearly isoenergetic states, the 5 Σ quintet (5 6) and the 3 Σ triplet (3 6). Their IR features are hardly distinguishable at finite temperature. The major difference concerns the mode of spin coupling between the terminal beryllium and carbon atoms. Further, the ground-state potential-energy surface of the [2Be,C,O] system at 4 K is presented and differences between the photochemical and thermal behaviors are highlighted. Finally, a previously not considered, so far unknown C2v -symmetric rhombus-like four-membered ring 3 [Be(O)(C)Be] (3 5) is predicted to represent the global minimum on the potential-energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University130023ChangchunChina
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative MaterialsFudan University200433ShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationTsinghua University100084BeijingChina
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
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10
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Bacellar C, Kinschel D, Mancini GF, Ingle RA, Rouxel J, Cannelli O, Cirelli C, Knopp G, Szlachetko J, Lima FA, Menzi S, Pamfilidis G, Kubicek K, Khakhulin D, Gawelda W, Rodriguez-Fernandez A, Biednov M, Bressler C, Arrell CA, Johnson PJM, Milne CJ, Chergui M. Spin cascade and doming in ferric hemes: Femtosecond X-ray absorption and X-ray emission studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21914-21920. [PMID: 32848065 PMCID: PMC7486745 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009490117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure-function relationship is at the heart of biology, and major protein deformations are correlated to specific functions. For ferrous heme proteins, doming is associated with the respiratory function in hemoglobin and myoglobins. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) has evolved to become an important electron-transfer protein in humans. In its ferrous form, it undergoes ligand release and doming upon photoexcitation, but its ferric form does not release the distal ligand, while the return to the ground state has been attributed to thermal relaxation. Here, by combining femtosecond Fe Kα and Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) with Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), we demonstrate that the photocycle of ferric Cyt c is entirely due to a cascade among excited spin states of the iron ion, causing the ferric heme to undergo doming, which we identify. We also argue that this pattern is common to a wide diversity of ferric heme proteins, raising the question of the biological relevance of doming in such proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Bacellar
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Kinschel
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia F Mancini
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca A Ingle
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Rouxel
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oliviero Cannelli
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Cirelli
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Szlachetko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Samuel Menzi
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Pamfilidis
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Wojciech Gawelda
- European X-ray Free Electron Laser, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Mykola Biednov
- European X-ray Free Electron Laser, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Christopher A Arrell
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Philip J M Johnson
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Christopher J Milne
- Swiss Free Electron Laser, Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniéries Chimiques and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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11
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Shen G, Pan L, Zhang R, Sun S, Hou F, Zhang X, Zou JJ. Low-Spin-State Hematite with Superior Adsorption of Anionic Contaminations for Water Purification. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1905988. [PMID: 32022956 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hematite attracts intensive interest as an adsorbent for water purification, but the oversized dimension and inherent high-spin Fe(III) restrict its adsorption capability and kinetics. Herein a spatial-confinement strategy is reported that synthesizes ultrafine α-Fe2 O3 benefiting from nanogrids constructed by predeposition of TiO2 nanodots in the MCM-41 channel, and that tunes the spin-state of Fe(III) from high-spin to low-spin induced by the strong guest-host interaction between the ultrafine Fe2 O3 with SiO2 (MCM-41). The low-spin Fe(III) endorses strong bonding with anionic adsorbates, and significantly facilitates the electrons transfer from Fe2 O3 to SiO2 to form a highly positive charged surface, and thereby shows superior electrostatic multilayer adsorption performance to different kinds of anionic contaminations. Specifically, the maximum uptake, adsorption rate, and distribution coefficient (Kd ) for Rose Bengal dye reach as high as 1810 mg g-1 , 1644 g (g min)-1 , and 2.2 × 106 L kg-1 , which are more than 8, 230, and 3700 times higher than those of commercial activated carbon, respectively. It also shows outstanding purification performance for real field water. It is demonstrated that a strong guest-host interaction can alter the spin-state of transition metal oxides, which may pave a new way to improve their performance in adsorption and other applications like catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shangcong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Fang Hou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Li H, Wang D, Zhao X, Lu LN, Liu C, Gong LD, Zhao DX, Yang ZZ. Reaction mechanism of NO with hydrolysates of NAMI-A: an MD simulation by combining the QM/MM(ABEEM) with the MD-FEP method. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:1141-1150. [PMID: 30375671 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nitrosylation reaction mechanisms of the hydrolysates of NAMI-A and hydrolysis reactions of ruthenium nitrosyl complexes were investigated in the triplet state and the singlet state. Activation free energies were calculated by combining the QM/MM(ABEEM) method with free energy perturbation theory, and the explicit solvent environment was simulated by an ABEEMσπ polarizable force field. Our results demonstrate that nitrosylation reactions of the hydrolysates of NAMI-A occur in both the triplet and the singlet states. The Ru-N-O angle of the triplet ruthenium nitrosyl complexes is in the range of 132.0°-138.2°. However, all the ruthenium nitrosyl complexes at the singlet state show an almost linear Ru-N-O angle. The nitrosylation reaction happens prior to the hydrolysis reaction for the first-step hydrolysates. The activation free energies of the nitrosylation reactions show that the H2 O-NO exchange reaction of [RuCl4 (Im)(H2 O)] in the singlet spin sate is the most likely one. Comparing with the activation free energies of the hydrolysis reactions of the ruthenium nitrosyl complexes, the results indicate that the rate of the DMSO-H2 O exchange reaction of [RuCl3 (NO)(Im)(DMSO)] is faster than that of [RuCl3 (H2 O)(Im)(DMSO)] in both the triplet spin state and the singlet spin state. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Nan Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dong Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
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13
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Matsumoto Y, Yamamoto T, Nakano K, Takatsu H, Murakami T, Hongo K, Maezono R, Ogino H, Song D, Brown CM, Tassel C, Kageyama H. High-Pressure Synthesis of A 2 NiO 2 Ag 2 Se 2 (A=Sr, Ba) with a High-Spin Ni 2+ in Square-Planar Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:756-759. [PMID: 30430710 PMCID: PMC6993455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Square-planar coordinate Ni2+ ions in oxides are exclusively limited to a low-spin state (S=0) owing to extensive crystal field splitting. Layered oxychalcogenides A2 NiII O2 Ag2 Se2 (A=Sr, Ba) with the S=1 NiO2 square lattice are now reported. The structural analysis revealed that the Ni2+ ion is under-bonded by a significant tensile strain from neighboring Ag2 Se2 layers, leading to the reduction in crystal field splitting. Ba2 NiO2 Ag2 Se2 exhibits a G-type spin order at 130 K, indicating fairly strong in-plane interactions. The high-pressure synthesis employed here possibly assists the expansion of NiO2 square lattice by taking the advantage of the difference in compressibility in oxide and selenide layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Takafumi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Kousuke Nakano
- School of Information Science, JAIST, Asahidai 1-1, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 (Japan)
| | - Hiroshi Takatsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Taito Murakami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Kenta Hongo
- School of Information Science, JAIST, Asahidai 1-1, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 (Japan)
- Research Center for Advanced Computing Infrastructure, JAIST, Asahidai 1-1, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 (Japan)
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047 (Japan)
- PRESTO (Japan)
- Computational Engineering Applications Unit. RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako. Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
| | - Ryo Maezono
- School of Information Science, JAIST, Asahidai 1-1, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 (Japan)
- Computational Engineering Applications Unit. RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako. Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
| | - Hiraku Ogino
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan)
| | - Dongjoon Song
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan)
| | - Craig M. Brown
- Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102 (USA)
| | - Cédric Tassel
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
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14
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Vujović M, Huynh M, Steiner S, Garcia-Fernandez P, Elstner M, Cui Q, Gruden M. Exploring the applicability of density functional tight binding to transition metal ions. Parameterization for nickel with the spin-polarized DFTB3 model. J Comput Chem 2018; 40:400-413. [PMID: 30299559 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we explore the applicability and limitations of the current third order density functional tight binding (DFTB3) formalism for treating transition metal ions using nickel as an example. To be consistent with recent parameterization of DFTB3 for copper, the parametrization for nickel is conducted in a spin-polarized formulation and with orbital-resolved Hubbard parameters and their charge derivatives. The performance of the current parameter set is evaluated based on structural and energetic properties of a set of nickel-containing compounds that involve biologically relevant ligands. Qualitatively similar to findings in previous studies of copper complexes, the DFTB3 results are more reliable for nickel complexes with neutral ligands than for charged ligands; nevertheless, encouraging agreement is noted in comparison to the reference method, B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ, especially for structural properties, including cases that exhibit Jahn-Teller distortions; the structures also compare favorably to available X-ray data in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database for a number of nickel-containing compounds. As to limitations, we find it is necessary to use different d shell Hubbard charge derivatives for Ni(I) and Ni(II), due to the distinct electronic configurations for the nickel ion in the respective complexes, and substantial errors are observed for ligand binding energies, especially for charged ligands, d orbital splitting energies and splitting between singlet and triplet spin states for Ni(II) compounds. These observations highlight that future improvement in intra-d correlation and ligand polarization is required to enable the application of the DFTB3 model to complex transition metal ions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Vujović
- Center for Computational Chemistry and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16 11001, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mioy Huynh
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sebastian Steiner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Pablo Garcia-Fernandez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y Fısica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Cantabria,Cantabria Campus Internacional, Avenida de los Castros s/n 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcus Elstner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Qiang Cui
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maja Gruden
- Center for Computational Chemistry and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16 11001, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Abstract
The origin for the rotational barrier of organometallic versus inorganic sandwich complexes has remained enigmatic for the past decades. Here, we investigate in detail what causes the substantial barrier for titanodecaphosphacene through spin-state consistent density functional theory. Orbital interactions are shown to be the determining factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Vlahovic
- Innovation center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Gruden
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marcel Swart
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi (Ciències), 17003, Girona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Tang H, Tarrat N, Langlais V, Wang Y. Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:2484-2491. [PMID: 29234584 PMCID: PMC5704758 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of the iron tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP) molecule in its deckchair conformation was investigated on Au(111), Ag(111) and Cu(111) surfaces by performing spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations taking into account both van der Waals (vdW) interaction and on-site Coulomb repulsion. The deckchair conformation of the molecule favours intermolecular π-π-type interactions in a less densely packed monolayer than the saddle conformation. The activation barrier between the two stable magnetic states (high spin, S = 2 and intermediate spin, S = 1) of the molecule in vacuum disappears upon adsorption on the metal surfaces. The high-spin state of physisorbed FeTPP is stable on all adsorption sites. This result reveals that an external permanent element such as a STM tip or an additional molecule is needed to use FeTPP or similar molecules as model system for molecular spin switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Nathalie Tarrat
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Véronique Langlais
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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17
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Chen S, Kang Z, Hu X, Zhang X, Wang H, Xie J, Zheng X, Yan W, Pan B, Xie Y. Delocalized Spin States in 2D Atomic Layers Realizing Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1701687. [PMID: 28593650 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic activity of transition-metal-based compounds is strongly related to the spin states of metal atoms. However, the ways for regulation of spin states of catalysts are still limited, and the underlying relationship between the spin states and catalytic activities remains unclear. Herein, for the first time, by taking NiII -based compounds without high or low spin states for example, it is shown that their spin states can be delocalized after introducing structural distortion to the atomic layers. The delocalized spin states for Ni atoms can provide not only high electrical conductivity but also low adsorption energy between the active sites and reaction intermediates for the system. As expected, the ultrathin nanosheets of nickel-chalcogenides with structural distortions show dramatically enhanced activity in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution compared to their corresponding bulk samples. This work establishes new way for the design of advanced electrocatalysts in transition-metal-based compounds via regulation of spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichuan Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiong Kang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - XuSheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Bicai Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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18
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Khan FST, Pandey AK, Rath SP. Remarkable Anion-Dependent Spin-State Switching in Diiron(III) μ-Hydroxo Bisporphyrins: What Role do Counterions Play? Chemistry 2016; 22:16124-16137. [PMID: 27682429 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Addition of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (HTNP) to an ethene-bridged diiron(III) μ-oxo bisporphyrin (1) in CH2 Cl2 initially leads to the formation of diiron(III) μ-hydroxo bisporphyrin (2⋅TNP) with a phenolate counterion that, after further addition of HTNP or dissolution in a nonpolar solvent, converts to a diiron(III) complex with axial phenoxide coordination (3⋅(TNP)2 ). The progress of the reaction from μ-oxo to μ-hydroxo to axially ligated complex has been monitored in solution by using 1 H NMR spectroscopy because their signals appear in three different and distinct spectral regions. The X-ray structure of 2⋅TNP revealed that the nearly planar TNP counterion fits perfectly within the bisporphyrin cavity to form a strong hydrogen bond with the μ-hydroxo group, which thus stabilizes the two equivalent iron centers. In contrast, such counterions as I5 , I3 , BF4 , SbF6 , and PF6 are found to be tightly associated with one of the porphyrin rings and, therefore, stabilize two different spin states of iron in one molecule. A spectroscopic investigation of 2⋅TNP has revealed the presence of two equivalent iron centers with a high-spin state (S=5/2) in the solid state that converts to intermediate spin (S=3/2) in solution. An extensive computational study by using a range of DFT methods was performed on 2⋅TNP and 2+ , and clearly supports the experimentally observed spin flip triggered by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The counterion is shown to perturb the spin-state ordering through, for example, hydrogen-bonding interactions, switched positions between counterion and axial ligand, ion-pair interactions, and charge polarization. The present investigation thus provides a clear rationalization of the unusual counterion-specific spin states observed in the μ-hydroxo bisporphyrins that have so far remained the most outstanding issue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjani Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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Weber P, Calvo HL, Bohle J, Goß K, Meyer C, Wegewijs MR, Stampfer C. Switchable Coupling of Vibrations to Two-Electron Carbon-Nanotube Quantum Dot States. Nano Lett 2015; 15:4417-4422. [PMID: 26060894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report transport measurements on a quantum dot in a partly suspended carbon nanotube. Electrostatic tuning allows us to modify and even switch "on" and "off" the coupling to the quantized stretching vibration across several charge states. The magnetic-field dependence indicates that only the two-electron spin-triplet excited state couples to the mechanical motion, indicating mechanical coupling to both the valley degree of freedom and the exchange interaction, in contrast to standard models.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Weber
- †2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- ⊥ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H L Calvo
- #Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola (IFEG-CONICET) and FaMAF, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - K Goß
- ∥Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- ∇Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C Meyer
- ∥Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M R Wegewijs
- ∥Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Stampfer
- †2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- ∥Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Cheng SB, Berkdemir C, Castleman AW Jr. Mimicking the magnetic properties of rare earth elements using superatoms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:4941-5. [PMID: 25848014 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1504714112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REs) consist of a very important group in the periodic table that is vital to many modern technologies. The mining process, however, is extremely damaging to the environment, making them low yield and very expensive. Therefore, mimicking the properties of REs in a superatom framework is especially valuable but at the same time, technically challenging and requiring advanced concepts about manipulating properties of atom/molecular complexes. Herein, by using photoelectron imaging spectroscopy, we provide original idea and direct experimental evidence that chosen boron-doped clusters could mimic the magnetic characteristics of REs. Specifically, the neutral LaB and NdB clusters are found to have similar unpaired electrons and magnetic moments as their isovalent REs (namely Nd and Eu, respectively), opening up the great possibility in accomplishing rare earth mimicry. Extension of the superatom concept into the rare earth group not only further shows the power and advance of this concept but also, will stimulate more efforts to explore new superatomic clusters to mimic the chemistry of these heavy atoms, which will be of great importance in designing novel building blocks in the application of cluster-assembled nanomaterials. Additionally, based on these experimental findings, a novel "magic boron" counting rule is proposed to estimate the numbers of unpaired electrons in diatomic LnB clusters.
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