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Huang H, Hu C, Liu W, Cui W, Xu H, Zhu P. [Study on Parametric Release of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization of Medical Devices]. Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi 2022; 46:574-577. [PMID: 36254490 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7104.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study briefly introduces the basic theory of sterilization, the characteristics of ethylene oxide sterilization for medical devices and the key factors about sterilization effectiveness, analyzes and compares three methods used in the product release of medical devices sterilized by ethylene oxide: test for sterility, traditional release and parametric release, and focuses on the theoretical basis, feasibility, validation requirements, advantages and disadvantages of parametric release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Huang
- Guangdong Medical Devices Quality Surveillance and Test Institute, Guangzhou, 510663
| | - Changming Hu
- Guangdong Medical Devices Quality Surveillance and Test Institute, Guangzhou, 510663
| | - Wenyi Liu
- Suzhou GOLAS Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215000
| | - Wenbo Cui
- Xinxiang Huaxi Sanitary Materials Co. Ltd., Xinxiang, 453412
| | - Haiying Xu
- Suzhou Prosteri Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215000
| | - Peiping Zhu
- Suzhou GOLAS Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215000
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Abstract
The sterility assurance community is facing significant challenges. A relatively recent challenge is the pressure on manufacturing supply chains resulting from the limited availability of capacity for terminal sterilization of healthcare products. The current challenge is finding solutions for innovative new products, especially biologics and combination products, that offer great promise for patients around the world. This challenge will become more prevalent in the future as products advance. This article frames new paradigms and tools being developed to address these challenges. Foundational principles and current realities from each sector are reviewed so that sterility assurance professionals have a solid base from which to build strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron J Lambert
- Abbott's Assurance of Sterility Task Force, Divisional Engineering, Abbott Vascular, Temecula, CA, United States
| | - Joyce M Hansen
- J&J Microbiological Quality & Sterility Assurance, Johnson & Johnson, Raritan, NJ, United States
| | | | - Stan Lam
- Process and Technology Development, Stryker Neurovascular, Fremont, CA, United States
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Lee MH, Jeong H, Koo MA, Seon GM, Hong SH, Park YJ, Park JC. Sterilization of sealed PVDF pouches containing decellularized scaffold by electrical stimulation. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100156. [PMID: 34374222 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A terminal sterilization process for tissue engineering products, such as allografts and biomaterials is necessary to ensure complete removal of pathogenic microorganisms such as the bacteria, fungi and viruses. However, it can be difficult to sterilize allografts and artificial tissue models packaged in wet conditions without deformation. In this study, we investigated the sterilization effects of electrical stimulation (ES) and assessed its suitability by evaluating sterility assurance levels in pouches at a constant current. Stability of polyvinylidene fluoride pouches was determined by a sterility test performed after exposure to five microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans) for 5 days; the sterility test was also performed with decellularized human dermal tissues inoculated with the five microorganisms. Sterilization using ES inactivated microorganisms both inside and outside of sealed pouches and caused no damage to the packaged tissue. Our results support the development of a novel system that involves ES sterilization for packaging of implantable biomaterials and human derived materials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Lee
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HaKyeong Jeong
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ah Koo
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeung Mi Seon
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Hong
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Park
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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Singleton EV, David SC, Davies JB, Hirst TR, Paton JC, Beard MR, Hemmatzadeh F, Alsharifi M. Sterility of gamma-irradiated pathogens: a new mathematical formula to calculate sterilizing doses. J Radiat Res 2020; 61:886-894. [PMID: 32930781 PMCID: PMC7674690 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years there has been increasing advocacy for highly immunogenic gamma-irradiated vaccines, several of which are currently in clinical or pre-clinical trials. Importantly, various methods of mathematical modelling and sterility testing are employed to ensure sterility. However, these methods are designed for materials with a low bioburden, such as food and pharmaceuticals. Consequently, current methods may not be reliable or applicable to estimate the irradiation dose required to sterilize microbiological preparations for vaccine purposes, where bioburden is deliberately high. In this study we investigated the applicability of current methods to calculate the sterilizing doses for different microbes. We generated inactivation curves that demonstrate single-hit and multiple-hit kinetics under different irradiation temperatures for high-titre preparations of pathogens with different genomic structures. Our data demonstrate that inactivation of viruses such as Influenza A virus, Zika virus, Semliki Forest virus and Newcastle Disease virus show single-hit kinetics following exposure to gamma-irradiation. In contrast, rotavirus inactivation shows multiple-hit kinetics and the sterilizing dose could not be calculated using current mathematical methods. Similarly, Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrates multiple-hit kinetics. These variations in killing curves reveal an important gap in current mathematical formulae to determine sterility assurance levels. Here we propose a simple method to calculate the irradiation dose required for a single log10 reduction in bioburden (D10) value and sterilizing doses, incorporating both single- and multiple-hit kinetics, and taking into account the possible existence of a resistance shoulder for some pathogens following exposure to gamma-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve V Singleton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Shannon C David
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Justin B Davies
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Timothy R Hirst
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Gamma Vaccines Pty Ltd, Mountbatten Park, Yarralumla, ACT, 2600, Australia
- GPN Vaccines Pty Ltd, Mountbatten Park, Yarralumla, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - James C Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- GPN Vaccines Pty Ltd, Mountbatten Park, Yarralumla, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Michael R Beard
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Farhid Hemmatzadeh
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, 5371, Australia
| | - Mohammed Alsharifi
- Corresponding author. Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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Cote CK, Buhr T, Bernhards CB, Bohmke MD, Calm AM, Esteban-Trexler JS, Hunter M, Katoski SE, Kennihan N, Klimko CP, Miller JA, Minter ZA, Pfarr JW, Prugh AM, Quirk AV, Rivers BA, Shea AA, Shoe JL, Sickler TM, Young AA, Fetterer DP, Welkos SL, Bozue JA, McPherson D, Fountain AW 3rd, Gibbons HS. A Standard Method To Inactivate Bacillus anthracis Spores to Sterility via Gamma Irradiation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:e00106-18. [PMID: 29654186 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00106-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2015, a laboratory of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) inadvertently shipped preparations of gamma-irradiated spores of Bacillus anthracis that contained live spores. In response, a systematic evidence-based method for preparing, concentrating, irradiating, and verifying the inactivation of spore materials was developed. We demonstrate the consistency of spore preparations across multiple biological replicates and show that two different DoD institutions independently obtained comparable dose-inactivation curves for a monodisperse suspension of B. anthracis spores containing 3 × 1010 CFU. Spore preparations from three different institutions and three strain backgrounds yielded similar decimal reduction (D10) values and irradiation doses required to ensure sterility (DSAL) to the point at which the probability of detecting a viable spore is 10-6 Furthermore, spores of a genetically tagged strain of B. anthracis strain Sterne were used to show that high densities of dead spores suppress the recovery of viable spores. Together, we present an integrated method for preparing, irradiating, and verifying the inactivation of spores of B. anthracis for use as standard reagents for testing and evaluating detection and diagnostic devices and techniques.IMPORTANCE The inadvertent shipment by a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) laboratory of live Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spores to U.S. and international destinations revealed the need to standardize inactivation methods for materials derived from biological select agents and toxins (BSAT) and for the development of evidence-based methods to prevent the recurrence of such an event. Following a retrospective analysis of the procedures previously employed to generate inactivated B. anthracis spores, a study was commissioned by the DoD to provide data required to support the production of inactivated spores for the biodefense community. The results of this work are presented in this publication, which details the method by which spores can be prepared, irradiated, and tested, such that the chance of finding residual living spores in any given preparation is 1/1,000,000. These irradiated spores are used to test equipment and methods for the detection of agents of biological warfare and bioterrorism.
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