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Alghamdi B, Hassanein EHM, Alharthy SA, Farsi RM, Harakeh S. Vinpocetine attenuates methotrexate-induced hippocampal intoxication via Keap-1/Nrf2, NF-κB/AP-1, and apoptotic pathways in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38508707 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2329155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-folate chemotherapeutic commonly used to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases. Despite its widespread clinical use, MTX has been linked to serious neurotoxicity side effects. Vinpocetine (VNP) has been widely used clinically to treat many neurological conditions. This study was conducted to study the potential neuroprotective effects of VNP against MTX hippocampal intoxication in rats. Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: (I) control (Vehicle); (II) VNP-treated group (20 mg/kg/day, p.o); (III) MTX-control (20 mg/kg/once, i.p.) group; and (IV) the VNP + MTX group. VNP was administered orally for 10 days, during which MTX was given intraperitoneally once at the end of day 5. Our data indicated that VNP administration significantly improved MTX-induced neuronal cell death, odema, vacuolation and degeneration. VNP attenuated oxidative injury mediated by significant upregulation of the Nrf2, HO-1, and GCLC genes, while the Keap-1 mRNA expression downregulated. Moreover, VNP suppressed cytokines release mediated by increasing IκB expression level while it caused a marked downregulation in NF-κB and AP-1 (C-FOS and C-JUN) levels. Additionally, VNP attenuated apoptosis by reducing hippocampal Bax levels while increasing Bcl2 levels in MTX-intoxicated rats. In conclusion, our results suggested that VNP significantly attenuated MTX hippocampal intoxication by regulating Keap-1/Nrf2, NF-κB/AP-1, and apoptosis signaling in these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrah Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Neuroscience and Geroscience Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Saif A Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Toxicology and Forensic Sciences Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Farsi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdul Lateef Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ibrahim DS. Effect of vinpocetine against acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23658. [PMID: 38348719 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Vinpocetine (VIN) is a synthetic drug derived from the natural alkaloid vincamine. The antioxidation and anti-inflammation effects of VIN allow it to be used for multiple therapeutic purposes. So, the research aims to discover the possibility of using VIN to improve the nephrotoxicity of acrylamide (ACR). Twenty-four male albino rats were used in the trial: rats in the control group received 0.5 mL of oral saline, rats in the VIN group received an oral dose of VIN (5 mg/kg), rats in the ACR group received an oral dose of ACR (38.27 mg/kg), and rats in the VIN + ACR group received VIN and then ACR 1 h later. Rat blood and kidneys were collected 10 days after the experiment began to assess biochemical parameters and to examine both renal histopathological and immunohistochemistry. The ACR-treated rats showed high levels of serum kidney function biomarkers (creatinine, urea, and uric acid), serum protein biomarkers (total protein, albumin, and globulin), renal kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, renal malondialdehyde (MDA), and renal caspase-3 immunoexpression. Moreover, ACR lowed both renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and renal glutathione (GSH) level and caused renal histological alterations. While administration of VIN improved serum kidney function biomarkers, serum protein biomarkers, renal KIM-1, renal oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, and GSH), renal caspase-3 immunoexpression, and renal histological alterations induced by ACR. The study confirmed the ability of VIN to reduce the nephrotoxic effects of ACR, which was evident through the results of biochemical parameters and histological and immunohistochemical examinations of the kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa S Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Dong ZC, Shi Y, Zheng LL, Tian YP, Yang J, Wei Y, Zhou Y, Pan BW. Synthesis and Activity Evaluation of Vinpocetine-Derived Indole Alkaloids. Molecules 2023; 29:14. [PMID: 38202595 PMCID: PMC10779641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis of novel vinpocetine derivatives (2-25) and their biological evaluation. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were fully characterized using techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The inhibitory activity of the synthesized compounds on PDE1A was evaluated, and the results revealed that compounds 3, 4, 5, 12, 14, 21, and 25 exhibited superior inhibitory activity compared to vinpocetine. Compound 4, with a para-methylphenyl substitution, showed a 5-fold improvement in inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.53 ± 0.25 μM. Additionally, compound 25, with 3-chlorothiazole substitution, displayed an 8-fold increase in inhibitory activity compared to vinpocetine (IC50 = 2.08 ± 0.16 μM). Molecular docking studies were conducted to understand the binding models of compounds 4 and 25 within the active site of PDE1A. The molecular docking study revealed additional binding interactions, such as π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding, contributing to the enhanced inhibitory activity and stability of the ligand-protein complexes. Overall, the synthesized vinpocetine derivatives demonstrated promising inhibitory activity on PDE1A, and the molecular docking studies provided insights into their binding modes, supporting further development of these compounds as potential candidates for drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Chao Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yang Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Liang-Liang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - You-Ping Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ying Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Bo-Wen Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.-C.D.); (Y.S.); (L.-L.Z.); (Y.-P.T.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Petric Z, Paixão P, Filipe A, Guimarães Morais J. Clinical Pharmacology of Vinpocetine: Properties Revisited and Introduction of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Its Metabolite, Apovincaminic Acid (AVA). Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2502. [PMID: 37896263 PMCID: PMC10610279 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the use of vinpocetine in the context of clinical pharmacology. The main and active metabolite of vinpocetine is apovincaminic acid (AVA). Due to the scarce information in the literature on AVA pharmacokinetics, we propose a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model for AVA based on a study in healthy volunteers with three different formulations of vinpocetine. The suggested PopPK model (and simulations) could be helpful in ensuring the more effective and safer use of the vinpocetine in the future given the increasing range of suggested indications for its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir Petric
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Paixão
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Augusto Filipe
- Medical Department, Tecnimede, Sociedade Técnico-Medicinal, S.A., Zona Industrial da Abrunheira, Rua da Tapada Grande, No. 2 Abrunheira, 2710-089 Sintra, Portugal
| | - José Guimarães Morais
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
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Vishwakarma VK, Shah S, Kaur T, Singh AP, Arava SK, Kumar N, Yadav RK, Yadav S, Arora T, Yadav HN. Effect of vinpocetine alone and in combination with enalapril in experimental model of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: possible involvement of PDE-1/TGF-β/ Smad 2/3 signalling pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:1198-1211. [PMID: 37229596 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is one of the severe secondary complications of diabetes mellitus in humans. Vinpocetine is an alkaloid having pleiotropic pharmacological effects. The present study is designed to investigate the effect of vinpocetine in DC in rats. METHODS Rats were fed a high-fat diet for nine weeks along with single dose of streptozotocin after the second week to induce DC. The haemodynamic evaluation was performed to assess the functional status of rats using the Biopac system. Cardiac echocardiography, biochemical, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory cytokine level were analysed in addition to haematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichome staining to study histological changes, cardiomyocyte diameter and fibrosis, respectively. Phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and p-Smad 2/3 expression in cardiac tissues were quantified using western blot/RT-PCR. KEY FINDING Vinpocetine treatment and its combination with enalapril decreased the glucose levels compared to diabetic rats. Vinpocetine improved the echocardiographic parameters and cardiac functional status of rats. Vinpocetine decreased the cardiac biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine levels, cardiomyocyte diameter and fibrosis in rats. Interestingly, expressions of PDE-1, TGF-β and p-Smad 2/3 were ameliorated by vinpocetine alone and in combination with enalapril. CONCLUSIONS Vinpocetine is a well-known inhibitor of PDE-1 and the protective effect of vinpocetine in DC is exerted by inhibition of PDE-1 and subsequent inhibition of the expression of TGF-β/Smad 2/3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadia Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tajpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, India
| | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sudheer Kumar Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Niraj Kumar
- Department of Neuroanesthesiogy and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raj Kanwar Yadav
- Department Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushma Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SHKM Government Medical College, Nuh, Haryana, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- RBMCH, ICMR-Head Quarter's Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Hou B, Li D, Wang D, Jiang C, Wang G, Wang D, Yan G, Guo X, Zhao L, Wan Z, Fan C, Cao W, Ren H. Neuroprotective Effects of Vinpocetine Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway. Neuroscience 2023; 526:74-84. [PMID: 37290685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of serious disability and death worldwide. NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor composed of polyprotein complex, which participates in mediating a series of inflammatory responses and is considered as a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Vinpocetine, a derivative of vincamine, has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the therapeutic mechanism of vinpocetine is not clear, and its effect on NLRP3 inflammasome remains to be determined. In this study, we used the mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) to simulate the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Different doses of vinpocetine (5, 10, 15 mg/kg/d) were injected intraperitoneally for 3 days after ischemia-reperfusion in mice. The effects of different doses of vinpocetine on the degree of ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice were observed by TTC staining and modified neurological severity score scale, and the optimal dose was determined. Then, based on this optimal dose, we observed the effects of vinpocetine on apoptosis, microglial proliferation and NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, we compared the effects of vinpocetine and MCC950 (a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome) on NLRP3 inflammasome. Our results show that vinpocetine can effectively reduce the infarct volume and promote the recovery of behavioral function in stroke mice, and the maximal beneficial effects were observed at the dose of 10 mg/kg/d. Vinpocetine can effectively inhibit the apoptosis of peri-infarct neurons, promote the expression of Bcl-2, inhibit the expression of Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3, and reduce the proliferation of peri-infarct microglia. In addition, vinpocetine, like MCC950, can reduce the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, vinpocetine can effectively alleviate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice, and the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome may be an important therapeutic mechanism of vinpocetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boru Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Donghai Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dengfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guizhong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenlong Fan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wencheng Cao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijun Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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Abu-Elfotuh K, Tolba AMA, Hussein FH, Hamdan AME, Rabeh MA, Alshahri SA, Ali AA, Mosaad SM, Mahmoud NA, Elsaeed MY, Abdelglil RM, El-Awady RR, Galal ERM, Kamal MM, Elsisi AMM, Darwish A, Gowifel AMH, Mahran YF. Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Combinations of Cocoa with Vinpocetine or Other Nutraceuticals in Rat Model: Modulation of Wnt3/β-Catenin/GSK-3β/Nrf2/HO-1 and PERK/CHOP/Bcl-2 Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2063. [PMID: 37631278 PMCID: PMC10457980 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating illness with limited therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD and explore the potential neuroprotective effects of cocoa, either alone or in combination with other nutraceuticals, in an animal model of aluminum-induced AD. Rats were divided into nine groups: control, aluminum chloride (AlCl3) alone, AlCl3 with cocoa alone, AlCl3 with vinpocetine (VIN), AlCl3 with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), AlCl3 with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), AlCl3 with wheatgrass (WG), AlCl3 with vitamin (Vit) B complex, and AlCl3 with a combination of Vit C, Vit E, and selenium (Se). The animals were treated for five weeks, and we assessed behavioral, histopathological, and biochemical changes, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. AlCl3 administration induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and downregulation of cellular antioxidants (Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, and TAC). AlCl3 also upregulated inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α and IL-1β) and GSK-3β, leading to increased tau phosphorylation, decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, and downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, AlCl3 intensified C/EBP, p-PERK, GRP-78, and CHOP, indicating sustained ER stress, and decreased Beclin-1 and anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expressions. These alterations contributed to the observed behavioral and histological changes in the AlCl3-induced AD model. Administration of cocoa, either alone or in combination with other nutraceuticals, particularly VIN or EGCG, demonstrated remarkable amelioration of all assessed parameters. The combination of cocoa with nutraceuticals attenuated the AD-mediated deterioration by modulating interrelated pathophysiological pathways, including inflammation, antioxidant responses, GSK-3β-Wnt/β-catenin signaling, ER stress, and apoptosis. These findings provide insights into the intricate pathogenesis of AD and highlight the neuroprotective effects of nutraceuticals through multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karema Abu-Elfotuh
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Amina M. A. Tolba
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Girls Branch, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed M. E. Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad A. Alshahri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Azza A. Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Sarah M. Mosaad
- Research Unit, Egypt Healthcare Authority, Ismailia Branch, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Nihal A. Mahmoud
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Magdy Y. Elsaeed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Demietta 34517, Egypt;
| | - Ranya M. Abdelglil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Rehab R. El-Awady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (R.R.E.-A.); (E.R.M.G.)
| | - Eman Reda M. Galal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (R.R.E.-A.); (E.R.M.G.)
| | - Mona M. Kamal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Ahmed M. M. Elsisi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa Darwish
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Ayah M. H. Gowifel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt;
| | - Yasmen F. Mahran
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
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Samartsev IN, Zhivolupov SA, Gorbatenkova OV, Ponomarev VV, Butakova JS. [Biomarkers of neuroinflammation in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia during the therapy with vinpocetine (study INFLAMARK)]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:50-58. [PMID: 38147382 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of vinpocetine therapy on clinical manifestations of chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and the blood concentrations of neuroinflammation markers (S100B, IL-1β). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 30 patients (mean age 61.6 [56.9; 67.9] years) with CCI that received vinpocetine (30 mg/day) for 3 months. Brain changes according to magnetic resonance imaging data were assessed using the STRIVE protocol. We analyzed the dynamics of changes in the clinical questionnaires: Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Asthenic State Scale (ASS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), general impressions of treatment (Global Rating of Change Scale, GRC). RESULTS In 3 months after vinpocetine therapy there was a significant improvement in cognitive status (MoCA: 25.1±2.1 vs 26.6±1.4 p<0.05), emotional state (HADS: 8.4±1.4 vs 7.1±1.8 (p<0.05)), daytime sleep parameters (ESS 8.4±2.1 vs 6.2±2.3 p<0.05) and reduction in asthenia (ASS: 72.2±18.1 vs 52.3±9.3, p<0.05). A significantly larger proportion of patients assessed the improvement from therapy as «moderate» and «pronounced» (GRC, n=22, 73.3%). Concentrations of S100B and IL-1β decreased significantly by the time therapy was completed. The overall severity of cerebrovascular changes according to MRI was significantly associated with blood levels of S100β, but not IL-1β: β=0.504, p=0.026, 95% CI 0.149-0.901, mainly due to periventricular changes in white matter (β=0.562, p=0.035, 95% CI (-0.024-0.820). Blood levels of S100β correlated with MoCA test results (r=0.6795), and IL-1β correlated with ESS scores (r=0. 6657). CONCLUSIONS The use of vinpocetine can significantly reduce the severity of cognitive and affective disorders, asthenia, normalize the circadian rhythm of sleep, suppress the expression S100β and IL-1β in patients with CCI. One of the vinpocetine's mechanisms of action may be the inhibition of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I N Samartsev
- Kirov Military medical academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - J S Butakova
- Novodvinsk Central City Hospital, Novodvinsk, Russia
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9
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Lee WC, Yu HR, Tain YL, Wu KL, Chuang YC, Chan JY. Vinpocetine Ameliorates Metabolic-Syndrome-Associated Bladder Overactivity in Fructose-Fed Rats by Restoring Succinate-Modulated cAMP Levels and Exerting Anti-Inflammatory Effects in the Bladder Detrusor Muscle. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2716. [PMID: 36359236 PMCID: PMC9687486 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate and its receptor, the G protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91), have pathological implications in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated bladder dysfunction, particularly in decreasing bladder cAMP levels and promoting proinflammation. Using fructose-fed rats (FFRs), a rat model of MetS, we investigate the effects of vinpocetine (a phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitor) and celecoxib (a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor) on MetS-associated bladder overactivity. Phenotypes of the overactive bladder, including increased micturition frequency and a shortened intercontractile interval in cystometry, were observed in FFRs, together with elevated succinate levels in the liver and serum and the downregulation of GPR91 in the liver and urinary bladder. Treatments with vinpocetine and celecoxib improved tissue fibrosis and ameliorated the overexpression of the inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, in the liver and bladder. In bladder organ bath studies, vinpocetine, but not celecoxib, treatment restored the contraction and relaxation responses of the detrusor muscle strip in response to KCl, carbachol, and forskolin stimulation. At a molecular level, vinpocetine and celecoxib treatments modulated the downstream messengers of GPR91 (i.e., ERK1/2 and JNK), suppressed NF-κB and IL-1β expressions in the bladder, and prevented the fibrogenesis observed in FFRs. The exogenous application of succinate to a bladder organ bath significantly reduced the forskolin-induced cAMP production by the detrusor muscle, which was notably restored in the presence of vinpocetine. Together, these results suggest that vinpocetine may alleviate the MetS-associated bladder overactivity by restoring the succinate-modulated detrusor cAMP production and exerting the anti-inflammatory effects in the bladder detrusor muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chia Lee
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Paediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Kay L.H. Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y.H. Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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10
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Azouz AA, Hersi F, Ali FEM, Hussein Elkelawy AMM, Omar HA. Renoprotective effect of vinpocetine against ischemia/reperfusion injury: Modulation of NADPH oxidase/Nrf2, IKKβ/NF-κB p65, and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23046. [PMID: 35315168 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) during kidney transplantation is a serious clinical problem with a high mortality rate and a lack of therapy. Therefore, there is a need to improve the ability of the kidney to tolerate IRI during transplantation. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of vinpocetine; a derivative of vincamine alkaloid; against renal IRI in rats with the elucidation of the involved mechanisms. Vinpocetine (25 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered for 10 successive days before the induction of ischemia by bilateral clamping of both renal pedicles for 45 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Blood and renal tissue samples were then collected for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological investigations. Vinpocetine significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in rats subjected to IRI. It also reduced mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase and renal content of malondialdehyde, while enhanced Nrf2 protein expression and renal content of reduced glutathione. The suppression of the provoked inflammatory response was evident by the downregulation of IKKβ and NF-κB p65 protein expressions, as well as their downstream inflammatory markers; tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase. In addition, vinpocetine reduced protein expression of the apoptotic executioner cleaved caspase-3. These nephroprotective effects were confirmed by the improvement in histopathological features. Collectively, the protective effect of vinpocetine against IRI could be attributed to modulation of NADPH oxidase/Nrf2, IKKβ/NF-κB p65, and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. Thus, vinpocetine could improve oxidant/antioxidant balance, suppress triggered inflammatory response, and promote renal cell survival after IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Hany A Omar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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11
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Samartsev IN, Zhivolupov SA, Butakova JS, Parshin MS. [The open observational study of aceclofenac and vinpocetine effectiveness and tolerability in treatment of patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease after COVID-19 (AQUA study)]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:s1-s8. [PMID: 34968019 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2021121111s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the frequency of long-COVID in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease, to identify the risk factors for the development of this condition and to analyze effectiveness and tolerability of Vinpocetine and Aertal in treatment of this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 97 patients (64.5±5.2 years), among which 42 were diagnosed with long-COVID. The effectiveness of treatment was analyzed with NRS-P, Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS), Global Rating of Change Scale (GROC). RESULTS Predictors of long-COVID was female gender (p=0.022), severe COVID-19 (p=0.035), comorbidities: cardiovascular diseases (p=0.032), endocrinopathies (p=0.041), affective disorders (p=0.021). Significant changes in the functional status of patients were recorded after 20 days of treatment (PCFS), in pain after 10 days (NRS-P). The most pronounced clinical effect (PCFS) was obtained after 1 mth of therapy with vinpocetine and 20 days with aceclofenac (NRS-P). After 30 days 25/59.5% of patients noted a «pronounced» improvement in their own well-being (GROC) without the development of significant side effects. CONCLUSIONS 43.3% of patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease and certain predictors develop long-COVID. Aceclofenac and vinpocetine are effective in relieving a number of symptoms of long-COVID, which requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- I N Samartsev
- Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S A Zhivolupov
- Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - J S Butakova
- Novodvinsk Central City Hospital, Novodvinsk, Russia
| | - M S Parshin
- City Hospital No. 26, St. Petersburg, Russia
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12
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoxetine (FLX) has been widely used as first-line treatment in cases of depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Although its safety has been approved, the use of FLX was associated with liver injury and chronic liver disease. Vinpocetine (Vinpo), a nootropic drug, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Vinpo on FLX-induced liver damage pointing to the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). METHODS Rats were randomized to four groups: control group, Vinpo group (20 mg/kg/day; orally), FLX group (10 mg/kg/day; orally), and Vinpo + FLX group. RESULTS FLX-induced liver damage was evidenced through elevated liver function biomarkers and induced hepatic histopathological changes. Concurrent Vinpo treatment resulted in a significant decrease in hepatotoxicity biomarkers and histopathological alterations. FLX-induced oxidative stress and inflammation were attenuated by Vinpo. In addition, Vinpo attenuated the hepatic NRF2 and HO-1 levels and up-regulated PPAR-γ expression. Moreover, FLX elevated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) mRNA expression and decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) mRNA expression were markedly reversed by Vinpo. CONCLUSION Vinpo possesses ameliorative effects against FLX-induced liver injury in rats. This effect may be due to attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation, in addition to upregulation of PPAR-γ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gellan Alaa Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), 68820Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Luhach K, Kulkarni GT, Singh VP, Sharma B. Vinpocetine amended prenatal valproic acid induced features of ASD possibly by altering markers of neuronal function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Autism Res 2021; 14:2270-2286. [PMID: 34415116 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology and phenotypes. Phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1) inhibitors are known to provide benefits in various brain conditions manifesting similar behavioral phenotypes. The pharmacological consequences of vinpocetine administration a PDE1 inhibitor in prenatal-valproic acid (pre-VPA) induced ASD related behavioral phenotypes (social behavior deficits, repetitive behavior, anxiety, hyperlocomotion, and nociception) was assessed. Also, effects on important biochemical markers of neuronal function (DCX-neurogenesis, BDNF-neuronal survival, synapsin-IIa-synaptic transmission, pCREB-neuronal transcription factor), inflammation (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) and oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TBARS] and glutathione (GSH) were studied in important brain areas (frontal cortex, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum). Further, neuronal cell viability was determined in dentate gyrus using Nissl staining. Pre-VPA administration resulted into impaired behavior, brain biochemistry, and neuronal cell viability. Administration of vinpocetine resulted in improvements of pre-VPA impaired social behavior, repetitive behavior, anxiety, locomotion, and nociception. Also, vinpocetine resulted in a significant increase in the levels of BDNF, synapsin-IIa, DCX, pCREB/CREB, IL-10, and GSH along with significant decrease in TNF-α, IL-6, TBARS, number of pyknotic and chromatolytic cells in different brain areas of pre-VPA group. Finally, high association between behavioral parameters and biochemical parameters was observed upon Pearson's correlation analysis. Vinpocetine, a PDE1 inhibitor rectified important behavioral phenotypes related with ASD, possibly by improving neuronal function, brain inflammation and brain oxidative stress. Thus, PDE1 may be a possible target for further understanding ASD. LAY SUMMARY: ASD is a brain developmental disorder with a wide array of genetic and environmental factors. Many targets have been identified till date, but a clinical treatment is still afar. The results of this study indicate that vinpocetine administration resulted in amelioration of ASD associated symptomatology in rats, prenatally exposed to VPA. Our research adds a widely expressed brain enzyme PDE1, as a possible novel pharmacological target and opens-up a new line of enquiry for ASD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishk Luhach
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vijay P Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Academy of scientific and Innovative research, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,CNS and CVS Pharmacology, Conscience Research, Delhi, India
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14
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El-Sayed SS, El-Yamany MF, Salem HA, El-Sahar AE. New insights into the effects of vinpocetine against neurobehavioral comorbidities in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy via the downregulation of the hippocampal PI3K/mTOR signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:626-640. [PMID: 33772295 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As one of the most frequent worldwide neurological disorders, epilepsy is an alteration of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by abnormal increases in neuronal electrical activity. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway has been investigated as an interesting objective in epilepsy research. Vinpocetine (VNP), a synthesized derivative of the apovincamine alkaloid, has been used in different cerebrovascular disorders. This study aimed to examine the modulatory effects of VNP on neurobehavioral comorbidities via the mTOR signalling pathway in a lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pil) rat model of seizures. METHODS In male Wistar rats, seizures were induced with a single administration of pilocarpine (60 mg/kg; i.p.) 20 hours after the delivery of a single dose of lithium (3 mEq/kg; i.p.). VNP (10 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered daily for 14 consecutive days before Li-Pil administration. KEY FINDINGS VNP had a protective effect against Li-Pil-induced seizures. VNP improved both the locomotor and cognitive abilities, moreover, VNP exerted a neuroprotective action, as verified histologically and by its inhibitory effects on hippocampal glutamate excitotoxicity, mTOR pathway, and inflammatory and apoptotic parameters. CONCLUSIONS VNP is a valuable candidate for epilepsy therapy via its modulation of the mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis with emphasis on its modulatory effect on mTOR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F El-Yamany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Zhang C, Hsu CG, Mohan A, Shi H, Li D, Yan C. Vinpocetine protects against the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:2959-76. [PMID: 33111936 DOI: 10.1042/CS20201057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), commonly occurring in the aged population, is a degenerative disease that dilate and weaken infrarenal aorta due to progressive degeneration of aortic wall integrity. Vinpocetine, a derivative of alkaloid vincamine, has long been used for cerebrovascular disorders and cognitive impairment in the aged population. Recent studies have indicated that vinpocetine antagonizes occlusive vascular disorders such as intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. However, its role in vascular degenerative disease AAA remains unexplored. Herein, we determined the effect of vinpocetine on the formation of AAA as well as the intervention of pre-existing moderate AAA. AAA was induced by periaortic elastase application in C57BL/6J mice. Systemic vinpocetine treatment was applied daily via intraperitoneal injection. We showed that vinpocetine pre-treatment remarkably attenuated aneurysmal dilation assessed by diameter and volume. More importantly, vinpocetine also significantly suppressed the progression of pre-existing moderate AAA in a post-intervention model. Vinpocetine improved multiple cellular and molecular changes associated with AAA, such as elastin degradation, media smooth muscle cell depletion, collagen fibers remodeling and macrophage infiltration in aneurysmal tissues. Vinpocetine potently suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activation and proinflammatory mediator expression in primary cultured macrophages in vitro, as well as in the aorta wall in vivo, suggesting vinpocetine conferred anti-AAA effect at least partially via the inhibition of inflammation. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel role of vinpocetine in AAA formation, development and progression. Given the excellent safety profile of vinpocetine, the present study suggests vinpocetine may be a novel therapeutic agent for AAA prevention and treatment.
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16
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Zang J, Wu Y, Su X, Zhang T, Tang X, Ma D, Li Y, Liu Y, Weng Z, Liu X, Tsang CK, Xu A, Lu D. Inhibition of PDE1-B by Vinpocetine Regulates Microglial Exosomes and Polarization Through Enhancing Autophagic Flux for Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:616590. [PMID: 33614626 PMCID: PMC7889976 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.616590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes contribute to cell–cell communications. Emerging evidence has shown that microglial exosomes may play crucial role in regulation of neuronal functions under ischemic conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms of microglia-derived exosome biosynthesis are largely unknown. Herein, we reported that the microglial PDE1-B expression was progressively elevated in the peri-infarct region after focal middle cerebral artery occlusion. By an oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD) ischemic model in cells, we found that inhibition of PDE1-B by vinpocetine in the microglial cells promoted M2 and inhibited M1 phenotype. In addition, knockdown or inhibition of PDE1-B significantly enhanced the autophagic flux in BV2 cells, and vinpocetine-mediated suppression of M1 phenotype was dependent on autophagy in ischemic conditions. Co-culture of BV2 cells and neurons revealed that vinpocetine-treated BV2 cells alleviated OGD-induced neuronal damage, and treatment of BV2 cells with 3-MA abolished the observed effects of vinpocetine. We further demonstrated that ischemia and vinpocetine treatment significantly altered microglial exosome biogenesis and release, which could be taken up by recipient neurons and regulated neuronal damage. Finally, we showed that the isolated exosome per se from conditioned BV2 cells is sufficient to regulate cortical neuronal survival in vivo. Taken together, these results revealed a novel microglia-neuron interaction mediated by microglia-derived exosomes under ischemic conditions. Our findings further suggest that PDE1-B regulates autophagic flux and exosome biogenesis in microglia which plays a crucial role in neuronal survival under cerebral ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yousheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanlin Su
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xionglin Tang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Section of Molecular Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze'an Weng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanzhuo Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Han D, Wang J, Wen L, Sun M, Liu H, Gao Y. Vinpocetine Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Through Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 77:208-216. [PMID: 33351536 PMCID: PMC7853762 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of globe death and permanent disability, but its therapeutic strategies are limited. Over the past decades, multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes have been shown as promising targets in ischemic stroke. Here, we examined vinpocetine (Vinp), a synthetic drug, playing a neuroprotective role against ischemic stroke in mice through regulating NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was applied to mimic ischemic stroke in vivo. Vinp was administrated by intraperitoneal injection with different dose (5 or 10 mg/kg) 1 hour after reperfusion. Then, neurological assessment and infarct size were performed, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 levels were evaluated using ELISA. The levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components and its upstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were determined using real-time PCR or Western blot. The experimental results indicated that posttreatment with Vinp decreased cerebral infarct size, improved behavior recover, reduced NLRP3 inflammasome expression, and suppressed the transfer of NF-κB to nucleus and proinflammatory cytokine release in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Vinp alleviates ischemic stroke by regulating levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-κB, and proinflammatory cytokines in vivo, offering an alternative medication for ischemic stroke associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Han
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
| | - Lulu Wen
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
| | - Miao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Peopleʹs Republic of China.
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Nafee N, Ameen AER, Abdallah OY. Patient-Friendly, Olfactory-Targeted, Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Cerebral Degenerative Disorders Ensured > 400% Brain Targeting Efficiency in Rats. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 22:6. [PMID: 33222021 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain therapy for chronic neurological disorders is in high demand. Vinpocetine (VIN) tablets for cerebrovascular degenerative disorders ensued < 7% oral bioavailability. The olfactory pathway (providing direct brain access) can improve VIN pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile. In this context, VIN hydrogels based on temperature-, pH-, and ion-triggered gelation in physiological milieu were formulated. Poloxamer-chitosan (PLX-CS) and carbopol-HPMC-alginate (CP-HPMC-SA) systems were optimized for appropriate gelation time, temperature, and pH. PLX-CS-hydrogels exhibited strong mucoadhesion for > 8 h, while CP-HPMC-SA hydrogels were mucoadhesive in simulated nasal fluid, owing to pH and ion-activated gelation. Along with prolonged mucosal residence, hydrogels confirmed sustained VIN release (> 24 h), especially from CP-HPMC-SA hydrogels. As proof of concept, brain exposure of intranasal VIN hydrogels was investigated in rats versus VIN-IV bolus. PLX-CS provided 146% increase in AUC0-30 and 3-fold maximum brain concentration (BCmax) relative to IV bolus. BCmax was reached after 4 h versus 1 h (IV bolus). CP-HPMC-SA hydrogel showed superior brain targeting efficiency (460%) and brain direct transport percentage (78.23%). VIN plasma pharmacokinetics confirmed 45-60% reduction in AUCplasma versus IV bolus, while PCmax of CP-HPMC-SA and PLX-CS represented 17 and 28% that of IV bolus, respectively. Olfactory-targeted hydrogels grant effective, sustainable VIN brain level with minimal systemic exposure, thus, assuring lower dose, dose frequency, side effects, and per se better patient compliance.
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19
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Ma Q, Luo R, Zhang H, Dai M, Bai L, Fei Q, Lei F, He N. Design, Characterization, and Application of a pH-Triggered In Situ Gel for Ocular Delivery of Vinpocetine. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:253. [PMID: 32888086 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a pH-triggered in situ gel (ISG) for ocular delivery of vinpocetine to achieve systemic absorption and a brain-targeting effect in rats. Carbopol acted as a gelling agent combined with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a viscosity-enhancing agent. The concentration of Carbopol (0.2%, w/v) and HPMC (1.5%, w/v) was optimized for the ISG system. The optimized formulation was evaluated for studies on release in vitro, rheology, differential scanning calorimetry, ocular irritation, residence time, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. The vinpocetine ISG stayed longer in rabbit eyes than vinpocetine ointment. In vivo pharmacokinetics showed that compared with vinpocetine ointment, vinpocetine ISG attained a peak plasma concentration and area under the curve that was 1-2 folds greater in rat plasma. The Drug Targeting Index (DTI) was 1.06 and 1.26 for vinpocetine ointment and vinpocetine ISG, respectively, after ocular administration, showing that vinpocetine ISG had better distribution in rat brain. These results revealed that a pH-triggered ISG system via ocular administration could be an alternative approach compared with traditional ophthalmic formulations.
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20
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Habib SA, Abdelrahman RS, Abdel Rahim M, Suddek GM. Anti-apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin-V, Caspase-3, and Bax. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22555. [PMID: 32578916 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models. This study was designed to determine the potential protective effect of Vin (10-30 mg/kg, orally) against Cis-induced liver injury (10 mg/kg, IP) in mice. Vin administration for 1 week before Cis injection until the end of the experiment. On the 6th day after Cis injection, mice were anesthetized, blood and tissue samples were collected. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were investigated. Vin administration ameliorated liver injury as indicated by decreased liver injury parameters; serum aminotransferases, ALK-P, GGT, and bilirubin, restored the anti-oxidant status by decrease MDA and NOx , and increased GSH and SOD, inhibited inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, NFκB-p65, and iNOS) and apoptosis (Annexin-V, Bax, and Caspase-3) parameters. Vin confers dose-dependent protection against Cis-induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of Vin involved anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Zhao M, Hou S, Feng L, Shen P, Nan D, Zhang Y, Wang F, Ma D, Feng J. Vinpocetine Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Astrocytic Connexin43 via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:223. [PMID: 32300287 PMCID: PMC7142276 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinpocetine (Vinp) is known for its neuroprotective properties. However, the protective mechanism of Vinp against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury should be further explored. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Vinp against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury in vitro and cerebral I/R injury in vivo and explore whether this mechanism would involve enhancement of astrocytic connexin 43 (Cx43) expression via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway. In vitro, we detected astrocytic viability and extracellular nitric oxide by an assay kit, intracellular reactive oxygen species by a DCFH-DA probe, inflammation and apoptosis-related protein expression by immunofluorescence staining, and the astrocytic apoptosis rate by flow cytometry. In vivo, we measured the cerebral infarction volume, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde content, and the expression of inflammation and apoptosis-related proteins. The results indicated that Vinp ameliorated the detrimental outcome of I/R injury. Vinp attenuated astrocytic injury induced by OGD/R and reduced cerebral infarction volume and cerebral edema in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, Vinp reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by cerebral I/R injury in brain tissues. Meanwhile, Vinp increased p-Cx43 and p-AKT expression, and the p-Cx43/Cx43 and p-AKT/AKT ratio, which was decreased by cerebral I/R injury. Coadministration of PI3K inhibitors LY294002 and BKM120 blunted the effects of Vinp. This study suggests that Vinp protects against cerebral I/R injury via Cx43 phosphorylation by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liangshu Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingping Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Nan
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou, China
| | - Famin Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Zhou J, Zhang W, Pang J, Wang X, Zheng Z, Li Y, Yang F, Yang W. Optimized preparation of vinpocetine micelles and in vivo evaluation of its pharmacokinetics in rats. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:464-471. [PMID: 31910066 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1709501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a novel monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(D, L-lactide) (mPEG5000-PLA10 000) micelle drug delivery system to improve vinpocetine's (VP) dissolution and sustain VP concentrations in plasma. Three micelle fabrication methods were examined to maximize VP loading, followed by structurally characterization and investigation in vitro release and in vivo pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats. The thin-film hydration is the most appropriate method of the three methods because of its high loading content. The loaded micelles exhibited a sustained release behavior up to 48 h. Following intraperitoneal administration (9 mg/kg), VP loaded micelles provided significantly higher (335%) AUC (area under concentration-time) compared to VP injection. And also increased the mean residence time [MRT(0-t)] and elimination half-life (t1/2z). There were obviously two peaks at 2 h and 9 h in VP loaded micelles concentration-time profile. In summary, these data demonstrated that poly mPEG-PLA micelles can efficiently sustain VP concentrations in plasma for 36 h, thus apprehending polymeric micelles suitability as poor aqueous solubility drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhou
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Pang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijie Zheng
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Li
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Naji MT, Al-Mamorry F. Role of vinpocetine in ischemic stroke and poststroke outcomes: A critical review. Brain Circ 2020; 6:1-10. [PMID: 32166194 PMCID: PMC7045535 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_46_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinpocetine (VPN) is a synthetic ethyl-ester derivative of the alkaloid apovincamine from Vinca minor leaves. VPN is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 1 (PDE1) that has potential neurological effects through inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channel and reduction of neuronal calcium influx. VPN has noteworthy antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects with inhibitory effect on glial and astrocyte cells during and following ischemic stroke (IS). VPN is effective as adjuvant therapy in the management of epilepsy; it reduces seizure frequency by 50% in a dose of 2 mg/kg/day. VPN improves psychomotor performances through modulation of brain monoamine pathway mainly on dopamine and serotonin, which play an integral role in attenuation of depressive symptoms. VPN recover cognitive functions and spatial memory through inhibition of hippocampal and cortical PDE1 with augmentation of cyclic adenosin monophosphate and cyclic guanosin monophosphate ratio, enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission, and inhibition of neuronal inflammatory mediators. Therefore, VPN is an effective agent in the management of IS and plays an integral role in the prevention and attenuation of poststroke epilepsy, depression, and cognitive deficit through direct cAMP/cGMP-dependent pathway or indirectly through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Marwa Thaier Naji
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Farah Al-Mamorry
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
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24
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Billakota S, Andresen JM, Gay BC, Stewart GR, Fedorov NB, Gerlach AC, Devinsky O. Personalized medicine: Vinpocetine to reverse effects of GABRB3 mutation. Epilepsia 2019; 60:2459-2465. [PMID: 31755996 PMCID: PMC7004153 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective To screen a library of potential therapeutic compounds for a woman with Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome due to a Y302C GABRB3 (c.905A>G) mutation. Methods We compared the electrophysiological properties of cells with wild‐type or the pathogenic GABRB3 mutation. Results Among 1320 compounds, multiple candidates enhanced GABRB3 channel conductance in cell models. Vinpocetine, an alkaloid derived from the periwinkle plant with anti‐inflammatory properties and the ability to modulate sodium and channel channels, was the lead candidate based on efficacy and safety profile. Vinpocetine was administered as a dietary supplement over 6 months, reaching a dosage of 20 mg three times per day, and resulted in a sustained, dose‐dependent reduction in spike‐wave discharge frequency on electroencephalograms. Improved language and behavior were reported by family, and improvements in global impression of change surveys were observed by therapists blinded to intervention. Significance Vinpocetine has potential efficacy in treating patients with this mutation and possibly other GABRB3 mutations or other forms of epilepsy. Additional studies on pharmacokinetics, potential drug interactions, and safety are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santoshi Billakota
- NYU Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Orrin Devinsky
- NYU Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Saint Barnabas Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Livingston, New Jersey
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25
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Ahmed TA, El-Say KM, Ahmed OA, Aljaeid BM. Superiority of TPGS-loaded micelles in the brain delivery of vinpocetine via administration of thermosensitive intranasal gel. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5555-5567. [PMID: 31413562 PMCID: PMC6662514 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s213086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vinpocetine (VPN) is a synthetic derivative of the Vinca minor alkaloids. The drug is characterized by a short half-life, limited water solubility and high hepatic first-pass effect. The objective was to develop different lipid-based nanocarriers (NCs) loaded into a thermosensitive in situ gelling (ISG) system to improve VPN bioavailability and brain targeting via intranasal (IN) delivery. Methods: Different lipid-based NCs were developed and characterized for vesicle size, zeta potential, VPN entrapment efficiency (EE) and morphological characterization using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The prepared NCs were loaded into ISG formulations and characterized for their mucoadhesive properties. Ex-vivo permeation and histological study of the nasal mucosa were conducted. Pharmacokinetic and brain tissue distribution were investigated and compared to a marketed VPN product following administration of a single dose to rats. Results: VPN-D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) micelles nano-formulation showed the smallest particle size, highest EE among the studied NCs. TEM images revealed an almost spherical shape for all the prepared NCs. Among the NCs studied, VPN-loaded TPGS micelles demonstrated the highest percent cumulative VPN ex vivo permeation. All the prepared ISG formulations revealed the presence of mucoadhesive properties and showed no signs of inflammation or necrosis upon histological examination. Rats administered IN VPN-loaded TPGS-micelles ISG showed superior VPN concentration in the brain tissue and significant high relative bioavailability when compared to that received raw VPN-loaded ISG and marketed drug oral tablets. VPN-D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) micelles nano-formulation showed the smallest particle size, highest EE among the studied NCs. TEM images revealed an almost spherical shape for all the prepared NCs. Among the NCs studied, VPN-loaded TPGS micelles demonstrated the highest percent cumulative VPN ex vivo permeation. All the prepared ISG formulations revealed the presence of mucoadhesive properties and showed no signs of inflammation or necrosis upon histological examination. Rats administered IN VPN-loaded TPGS-micelles ISG showed superior VPN concentration in the brain tissue and significant high relative bioavailability when compared to that received raw VPN-loaded ISG and marketed drug oral tablets. Conclusion: VPN-loaded TPGS-micelles ISG formulation is a successful brain drug delivery system with enhanced bioavailability for drugs with poor bioavailability and those that are frequently administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Khalid M El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Osama Aa Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Bader M Aljaeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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26
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Tanashyan MM, Lagoda OV, Veselago OV, Fedin PA. [A pathogeneteic approach to the treatment of vestibular disorders in angioneurology]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:32-38. [PMID: 31317887 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911905132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the efficacy of vinpocetine (cavinton comfort) in the treatment of vestibular disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study included 82 patients (43 men and 39 women, aged 61-75 years, mean age 63,8±5,4 years, with chronic cerebrovascular disease (1-2 stages) with vestibular disorders. Patients were divided into two groups. Patients of the main group were treated with cavinton comfort (10 mg three times per day during 60 days), while patients of the control group did not receive the drug. Subjective and objective symptoms of chronic cerebral ischemia were assessed on a 5-point scale. The results of objective otoneurological examination and auditory evoked potentials were also taken into account in assessing the effectiveness of therapy. RESULTS The main clinical symptoms comprised vestibular disorders, cephalgia and asthenic syndrome. The reduction in subjective symptoms was noted in 71% of patients in the main group and 34% in the control group and improvement of objective manifestations in 74% and 37%, respectively. The efficacy of cavinton comfort was confirmed by the results of auditory evoked potentials. There was a decrease in the latency of the main peaks and increase in their amplitude (bilaterally). CONCLUSION Cavinton comfort is an effective treatment of vestibular disorders, associated with central lesions of the vestibular system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O V Lagoda
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - P A Fedin
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous clinical trials have reported that vinpocetine can be used for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction. However, its efficacy is still inconclusive. In this systematic review study, we aim to assess its efficacy and safety for the treatment of poststroke cognitive dysfunction (PSCD). METHODS We will search the following electronic databases from the inception to the present to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vinpocetine for patients with PSCD. These databases include CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDILINE, CINAHL, AMED, and four Chinese databases. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vinpocetine for PSCD will be considered for inclusion without the language restrictions. The methodological quality of all included RCTs will be evaluated by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The 95% confidence intervals will be utilized to calculate the continuous data, the mean difference or standard mean difference, and dichotomous data with risk ratio. DISSEMINATION AND ETHICS The results of this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals. Its results may provide important evidence for the clinical practice, as well as the future studies. It does not require ethical approval, because this systematic review will not involve the individual data. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018115224.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
| | - Yanying Yin
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
| | - Qiao-li Lu
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
| | - Ying Dan
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
| | - Mei-song Xu
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Binhai Hospital of Peking University, Tianjin, 300450
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28
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Dyakonova EN, Makerova VV. [Mono- and combination therapy with the mexidol in young patients with cerebral angiodystonia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:52-60. [PMID: 30251978 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811808152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate an effect of mono- and combined therapy with mexidol in young patients with cerebral angiodystonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety patients (38 men and 52 women, aged from 25 to 44 years) with autonomic dysfunction syndrome in the form of asthenoautonomic and cephalgic syndromes treated with mexidol (group 1, 30 patients), vinpocetine (group 2, 30 patients) and with the combination of these drugs (group 3, 30 patients) were included in the study. Cerebral hemodynamics was assessed using the algorithm of complex ultrasound study, autonomic regulation with the analysis of heart rate variability, functional microcirculation with laser Doppler flowmetry before and 10 days after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Mexidol used both in mono- and combination therapies exerted autonomic stabilizing and cerebral protective effects in the treatment of cerebral angiodystonia. The improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and microhemocirculation was shown. When used in combination, mexidol and vinpocetine had the synergistic effect, moreover, the adaptation of cerebral circulation increased more rapidly compared to vinpocetine treatment. Therefore, the combined therapy (mexidol and vinpocetine) in patients with cerebrovascular pathology minimizes the likelihood of poor outcomes and can prevent the development of acute cerebral circulation disorder.
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Abstract
AIM To study the effect of cavinton comforte (CC) on the severity of cognitive impairment and motor awkwardness in patients with chronic brain ischemia (HIGM). MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 30 patients (8 men, 22 women) aged 50-65 years (61.6±4.9 years on average) with AHU with cognitive impairment. We used tests of MINI-Cog, Munsterberg, TMT), ADL). QC appointed 10 mg 3 times a day for 3 months. RESULTS Against the background of therapy, the improvement of constructive praxis and short-term memory, an increase in the speed of visual search and visual-motor function, an increase in the level of selectivity of attention, an improvement in the reproduction of visual images and perception, an increase in the speed of the motor task (drawing strokes). CONCLUSION The obtained data can testify about the improvement of indicators of function of a small motility of brushes on the background of improvement of cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A B Lokshina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Grishina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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30
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Catlin N, Waidyanatha S, Mylchreest E, Miller-Pinsler L, Cunny H, Foster P, Sutherland V, McIntyre B. Embryo-fetal development studies with the dietary supplement vinpocetine in the rat and rabbit. Birth Defects Res 2018; 110:883-896. [PMID: 29460393 PMCID: PMC5980693 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplement and natural product use is increasing within the United States, resulting in growing concern for exposure in vulnerable populations, including young adults and women of child-bearing potential. Vinpocetine is a semisynthetic derivative of the Vinca minor extract, vincamine. Human exposure to vinpocetine occurs through its use as a dietary supplement for its purported nootropic and neuroprotective effects. To investigate the effects of vinpocetine on embryo-fetal development, groups of 25 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and 8 pregnant New Zealand White rabbits were orally administered 0, 5, 20, or 60 mg vinpocetine/kg and 0, 25, 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg daily from gestational day (GD) 6-20 and GD 7-28, respectively. Pregnant rats dosed with vinpocetine demonstrated dose-dependent increases in postimplantation loss, higher frequency of early and total resorptions, lower fetal body weights, and fewer live fetuses following administration of 60 mg/kg, in the absence of maternal toxicity. Additionally, the rat fetuses displayed dose-dependent increases in the incidences of ventricular septum defects and full supernumerary thoracolumbar ribs. Similarly, albeit at higher doses than the rats, pregnant rabbits administered vinpocetine displayed an increase in postimplantation loss and fewer live fetuses (300 mg/kg), in addition to significantly lower fetal body weights (≥75 mg/kg). In conclusion, vinpocetine exposure resulted in similar effects on embryo-fetal development in the rat and rabbit. The species differences in sensitivity and magnitude of response is likely attributable to a species difference in metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest a potential hazard for pregnant women who may be taking vinpocetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Catlin
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
| | - Suramya Waidyanatha
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
| | | | | | - Helen Cunny
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
| | - Paul Foster
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
| | - Vicki Sutherland
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
| | - Barry McIntyre
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP, NC
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31
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Belova LA, Mashin VV, Proshin AN, Ovsyannicova AN, Kostishko BB. [Possibilities of cavinton therapy regimen for infusions and cavinton comforte in acute and early recovery periods after ischemic stroke]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2017; 117:51-58. [PMID: 29053121 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20171179151-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the efficacy of a current regimen of treatment with cavinton for infusions and cavinton comforte in patients with ischemic stroke in acute and early recovery periods and to evaluate an impact of treatment on erythrocyte deformity using atomic power microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and sixty-four patients with hemispheric ischemic stroke, aged from 30 to 79 years, were randomized into main (n=100) and control (n=64) groups. Patients of the main group received complex treatment (basic therapy and cavinton R for drop infusions (10 intravenously during 10 days) followed by cavinton R comforte in dose 10 mg, 1 tablet 3 times a day during 90 days). Patients of the control group received basic therapy only. NIHSS, the Rankin scale, the Barthel index, MMSE, MоCA, the Rivermead scale, Beck depression scale, HADS were used to measure the severity of patient's state. To study the erythrocyte membrane by estimating Young's modulus, dry preparations were made with the following scanning of erythrocytes using atomic power microscopy. RESULTS Positive changes on all scales were observed in both groups. Higher scores on NIHSS, Rankin, Barthel, MоCA, MMSE, Rivermead mobility index were found in the main group compared to the controls. There were no differences in scores on the Beck depression scale and HADS. A decrease in Young's modulus was found in the main group while in the control group this index remained unchanged. CONCLUSION More rapid and complete regression of neurological deficit, better recovery of self-care function, cognitive function and social activity, an increase in erythrocyte membrane elasticity were found in the main group compared to the control one. These results indicate the efficacy of cavinton R and cavinton R comforte in the regimen used in complex treatment in acute and early recovery periods after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Belova
- The Ulyanovsk state university, Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - V V Mashin
- The Ulyanovsk state university, Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - A N Proshin
- The Ulyanovsk state university, Ulyanovsk, Russia
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Cohen PR. Fixed Drug Eruption to Supplement Containing Ginkgo Biloba and Vinpocetine: A Case Report and Review of Related Cutaneous Side Effects. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2017; 10:44-47. [PMID: 29344321 PMCID: PMC5749699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fixed drug eruption is a cutaneous reaction to a systemic agent that typically presents as an annular or oval erythematous patch or blister and subsequently resolves with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation at the site. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract and vinpocetine are nutritional supplements used to enhance memory in patients with dementia and age-related memory impairment conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. PURPOSE: To describe a fixed drug eruption in a man who repeatedly developed pruritus and macular erythema on his distal penile shaft after ingesting a natural product containing Ginkgo biloba and vinpocetine. METHODS: The medical literature was retrospectively reviewed using PubMed, searching specifically for the terms cutaneous/skin adverse/side effects, fixed drug eruption, Ginkgo biloba, and vinpocetine. Patient reports and previous reviews of the subject were critically assessed, and the salient features of cutaneous adverse effects in patients receiving either Ginkgo biloba or vinpocetine are presented. RESULTS: Cutaneous adverse effects from Ginkgo biloba and vinpocetine are infrequent. Ginkgo biloba fruit can result in contact dermatitis (following topical exposure) and mucosal symptoms of the mouth and anus (following oral exposure); in addition, an erythematous maculopapular generalized eruption or possibly Steven-Johnson syndrome can occur after oral ingestion of the Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Facial erythema has been associated with vinpocetine ingestion. Pruritus and an annular erythema localized to the distal penile shaft developed after initial and repeat ingestion of a Ginkgo biloba/vinpocetine product. CONCLUSION:Ginkgo biloba and vinpocetine should be added to the agents that can potentially cause a fixed drug eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Cohen
- Dr. Cohen is from the Department of Dermatology at the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Wu LR, Liu L, Xiong XY, Zhang Q, Wang FX, Gong CX, Zhong Q, Yang YR, Meng ZY, Yang QW. Vinpocetine alleviate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by down-regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80315-80324. [PMID: 29113305 PMCID: PMC5655200 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses play crucial roles in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important mediator of the neuroinflammatory response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Vinpocetine is a derivative of the alkaloid vincamine and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-κB activation. However, the effects of vinpocetine on pathways upstream of NF-κB signaling, such as TLR4, have not been fully elucidated. Here, we used mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and cell-based oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) models to evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of vinpocetine treatment. The vinpocetine treatment significantly reduced mice cerebral infarct volumes and neurological scores. Moreover, the numbers of TUNEL+ and Fluoro-Jade B+ cells were significantly decreased in the ischemic brain tissues after vinpocetine treatment. In the OGD model, the vinpocetine treatment also increased the viability of cultured cortical neurons. Interestingly, vinpocetine exerted a neuroprotective effect on the mouse MCAO model and cell-based OGD model by inhibiting TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses and decreasing proinflammatory cytokine release through the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway, independent of TRIF signaling pathway. In conclusion, vinpocetine exerts anti-inflammatory effects to ameliorate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. Vinpocetine may inhibit inflammatory responses through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, independent of TRIF-mediated inflammatory responses. Thus, vinpocetine may be an attractive therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ischemic cerebral injury or other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Fa-Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang-Xiong Gong
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Rui Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao-You Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Wu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
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Feng X, Wang Y, Hao Y, Ma Q, Dai J, Liang Z, Liu Y, Li X, Song Y, Si C. Vinpocetine Inhibited the CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide-induced Immune Response in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Immunol Invest 2016; 46:263-273. [PMID: 27967259 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2016.1248561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exert dual roles in immune responses through inducing inflammation and maintaining immune tolerance. A switch of pDC phenotype from pro-inflammation to tolerance has therapeutic promise in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Vinpocetine, a vasoactive vinca alkaloid extracted from the periwinkle plant, has recently emerged as an immunomodulatory agent. In this study, we evaluated the effect of vinpocetine on phenotype of pDCs isolated from C57BL/6 mice and explored its possible mechanism. Our data showed that vinpocetine significantly downregulated the expression of CD40, CD80, and CD86 on pDCs and increased the expression of translocator protein (TSPO), the specific receptor of vinpocetine, in pDCs. Vinpocetine significantly inhibited the Toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway and reduced the secretion of related cytokines in pDCs through TSPO. Furthermore, viability of pDCs was significantly promoted by vinpocetine. These findings imply that vinpocetine serves as an immunomodulatory agent for pDCs and may be applied for the treatment of pDCs-related autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xungang Feng
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Central Laboratory , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlei Hao
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Ma
- c Department of Immunology , Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dai
- c Department of Immunology , Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Liang
- d Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery and Pain Medicine , Jinxiang Hongda Hospital , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yantao Liu
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyuan Li
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Song
- a Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanping Si
- c Department of Immunology , Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , People's Republic of China
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French JMT, King MD, McDougal OM. Quantitative Determination of Vinpocetine in Dietary Supplements. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:607-609. [PMID: 27319129 PMCID: PMC5345962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current United States regulatory policies allow for the addition of pharmacologically active substances in dietary supplements if derived from a botanical source. The inclusion of certain nootropic drugs, such as vinpocetine, in dietary supplements has recently come under scrutiny due to the lack of defined dosage parameters and yet unproven short- and long-term benefits and risks to human health. This study quantified the concentration of vinpocetine in several commercially available dietary supplements and found that a highly variable range of 0.6-5.1 mg/serving was present across the tested products, with most products providing no specification of vinpocetine concentrations.
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Wang R, Xu Y. Development and evaluation of nanoparticles based on mPEG-PLA for controlled delivery of vinpocetine: in vitro and in vivo studies. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2016; 45:157-162. [PMID: 26838484 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2016.1138492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to develop VIN-loaded mPEG-PLA nanoparticle systems. The VIN mPEG-PLA nanoparticles were prepared using an emulsion solvent evaporation method, and studied their particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading coefficient. Moreover, the nanoparticles were evaluated on the drug release behaviors in vitro and bioavailability in vivo. The results show that the spherical nanoparticles obtained were negatively charged with a zeta potential of about -23.4 mV and characterized ∼110 nm with a narrow size distribution. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of prepared NPs were 76.4 ± 6.3 and 9.2 ± 2.2% (n=5), respectively. The in vitro release showed that the percent of accumulated dissolution of VIN NPs in phosphate-buffered saline 6.8 over 24 h was <80%, which was almost 100% of VIN in commercial injections. The in vivo study indicated that systemic absorption of VIN was significantly enhanced by incorporating into mPEG-PLA NPs compared with VIN injection (2.87-fold in AUC0-t). The results suggested that the form of VIN in mPEG-PLA NPs could enter the body circulation to perform sustained release in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Wang
- a Department of Pharmaceutical , 85 Hospital of People's Liberation Army , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong Xu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical , 85 Hospital of People's Liberation Army , Shanghai , China
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Avula B, Chittiboyina AG, Sagi S, Wang YH, Wang M, Khan IA, Cohen PA. Identification and quantification of vinpocetine and picamilon in dietary supplements sold in the United States. Drug Test Anal 2015; 8:334-43. [PMID: 26426301 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vinpocetine and picamilon are drugs prescribed in many countries to treat a variety of cerebrovascular disorders. In the United States, vinpocetine and picamilon have never been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, but they are both available for sale directly to consumers as dietary supplements. We designed our study to determine the accuracy of supplement labels with regard to the presence and quantity of vinpocetine and picamilon. A validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array method was developed for the quantification of vinpocetine and picamilon. The separation was achieved using a reversed phase (C-18) column, photodiode array detection, and water/acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Vinpocetine and picamilon were detected at concentrations as low as 10 and 50 ng/mL, respectively. The presence of vinpocetine and picamilon was confirmed using reference standards. Twenty-three supplements labelled as containing vinpocetine were available for sale at two large supplement retail chains; 17 contained vinpocetine with quantities ranging from 0.3 to 32 mg per recommended daily serving. No vinpocetine was detected in six of the sampled supplements. The supplement label implied that vinpocetine was a constituent of lesser periwinkle in three of the supplements. Of the 31 picamilon supplements available for sale from a variety of retailers: 30 contained picamilon in quantities ranging from 2.7 to 721.5 mg per recommended daily serving. We found that consumers cannot obtain accurate information from supplement labels regarding the presence or quantity of vinpocetine and picamilon. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Satyanarayanaraju Sagi
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.,Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Pieter A Cohen
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Somerville, MA, 02143, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Manda VK, Avula B, Dale OR, Chittiboyina AG, Khan IA, Walker LA, Khan SI. Studies on Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Potential of Vinpocetine. Medicines (Basel) 2015; 2:93-105. [PMID: 28930203 PMCID: PMC5533163 DOI: 10.3390/medicines2020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Vinpocetine, a semi-synthetic derivative of vincamine, is a popular dietary supplement used for the treatment of several central nervous system related disorders. Despite its wide use, no pharmacokinetic drug interaction studies are reported in the literature. Due to increasing use of dietary supplements in combination with conventional drugs, the risk of adverse effects is on the rise. As a preliminary step to predict a possibility of drug interaction during concomitant use of vinpocetine and conventional drugs, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of vinpocetine on three main regulators of pharmacokinetic drug interactions namely, cytochromes P450 (CYPs), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and Pregnane X receptor (PXR). Methods Inhibition of CYPs was evaluated by employing recombinant enzymes. The inhibition of P-gp was determined by calcein-AM uptake method in transfected and wild type MDCKII cells. Modulation of PXR activity was monitored through a reporter gene assay in HepG2 cells. Results Vinpocetine showed a strong inhibition of P-gp (EC50 8 μM) and a moderate inhibition of recombinant CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 (IC50 2.8 and 6.5 μM) with no activity towards CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP1A2 enzymes. In HLM, competitive inhibition of CYP3A4 (IC50 54 and Ki 19 μM) and non-competitive inhibition of CYP2D6 (IC50 19 and Ki 26 μM) was observed. Activation of PXR was observed only at the highest tested concentration of vinpocetine (30 μM) while lower doses were ineffective. Conclusion Strong inhibition of P-gp by vinpocetine is indicative of a possibility of drug interactions by altering the pharmacokinetics of drugs, which are the substrates of P-gp. However, the effects on CYPs and PXR indicate that vinpocetine may not affect CYP-mediated metabolism of drugs, as the inhibitory concentrations are much greater than the expected plasma concentrations in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamshi K Manda
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Olivia R Dale
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
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Nivison-Smith L, O'Brien BJ, Truong M, Guo CX, Kalloniatis M, Acosta ML. Vinpocetine modulates metabolic activity and function during retinal ischemia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C737-49. [PMID: 25696811 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00291.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vinpocetine protects against a range of degenerative conditions and insults of the central nervous system via multiple modes of action. Little is known, however, of its effects on metabolism. This may be highly relevant, as vinpocetine is highly protective against ischemia, a process that inhibits normal metabolic function. This study uses the ischemic retina as a model to characterize vinpocetine's effects on metabolism. Vinpocetine reduced the metabolic demand of the retina following ex vivo hypoxia and ischemia to normal levels based on lactate dehydrogenase activity. Vinpocetine delivered similar effects in an in vivo model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion, possibly through increasing glucose availability. Vinpocetine's effects on glucose also appeared to improve glutamate homeostasis in ischemic Müller cells. Other actions of vinpocetine following ischemia-reperfusion, such as reduced cell death and improved retinal function, were possibly a combination of the drug's actions on metabolism and other retinal pathways. Vinpocetine's metabolic effects appeared independent of its other known actions in ischemia, as it recovered retinal function in a separate metabolic model where the glutamate-to-glutamine metabolic pathway was inhibited in Müller cells. The results of this study indicate that vinpocetine mediates ischemic damage partly through altered metabolism and has potential beneficial effects as a treatment for ischemia of neuronal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nivison-Smith
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brendan J O'Brien
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mai Truong
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cindy X Guo
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; and
| | - Monica L Acosta
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; New Zealand National Eye Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Sharma S, Deshmukh R. Vinpocetine attenuates MPTP-induced motor deficit and biochemical abnormalities in Wistar rats. Neuroscience 2015; 286:393-403. [PMID: 25514048 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulation in phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1) expression and decreased levels of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) have been reported in patients and experimental animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors have been reported to be beneficial in cognitive and motor deficit states. The present study is designed to investigate the effect of vinpocetine, a PDE1 inhibitor in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced experimental PD-like symptoms in rats. To produce stable motor deficit, MPTP was repeatedly administered intranigrally (bilaterally) at an interval of 1 week (days 1, 7 and 14). Following development of stable motor deficit, which was observed after the third infusion of MPTP (day 14) in rats, the animals were treated with vinpocetine (5-, 10- and 20-mg/kg, i.p.) from days 15 to 28. Movement abnormalities were assessed by a battery of behavioral tests. Moreover, levels of malondialdehyde, nitrite and reduced glutathione were measured in striatal brain homogenate to confirm the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in PD. Repeated intranigral administration of MPTP produced stable motor deficits, reduced the cyclic nucleotides and dopamine levels and caused elevation in oxidative-nitrosative stress markers. Chronic administration of vinpocetine (for 14 days) significantly and dose dependently attenuated movement disabilities and oxidative-nitrosative stress in MPTP-treated rats. Moreover, vinpocetine treatment enhances cyclic nucleotide levels and restores the dopamine level in MPTP-treated rats. The observed results of the present study are indicative of the therapeutic potential of vinpocetine in PD.
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Liu RT, Wang A, To E, Gao J, Cao S, Cui JZ, Matsubara JA. Vinpocetine inhibits amyloid-beta induced activation of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokine production in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2014; 127:49-58. [PMID: 25041941 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a key pathogenic process in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a constituent of AMD drusen and promotes the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome which facilitates the production of cytokines. We investigated the role of transcription factor NF-κB in the activation of inflammasome in the RPE and the effect of vinpocetine, a dietary supplement with inhibitory effect on NF-κΒ. ARPE19/NF-κB-luciferase reporter cells treated with Aβ demonstrated enhanced NF-κB activation that was significantly suppressed by vinpocetine. Intraperitoneal injection of vinpocetine (15 mg/kg) inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation and reduced the expression and activation of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in the RPE of adult rats that received intraocular Αβ, as measured by retinal immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Cytokine level in the vitreous was assayed using multiplex suspension arrays and revealed significantly lower concentration of MIP-3α, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in vinpocetine treated animals. These results suggest that the NF-κB pathway is activated by Aβ in the RPE and signals the priming of NLRP3 inflammasome and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including the inflammasome substrates IL-1β and IL-18. NF-κB inhibition may be an effective approach to stem the chronic inflammatory milieu that underlies the development of AMD. Vinpocetine is a potentially useful anti-inflammatory agent that is well-tolerated in long term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruozhou Tom Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aikun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eleanor To
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jiangyuan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sijia Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jing Z Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Song S, Tian B, Chen F, Zhang W, Pan Y, Zhang Q, Yang X, Pan W. Potentials of proniosomes for improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 41:51-62. [PMID: 24111828 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.845841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Abstract Objective: The objectives of this study were, first, to develop a free-flowing and stable proniosome formulation for poorly water-soluble drugs such as vinpocetine; and second, to estimate its bioavailability as oral drug delivery system. METHODS The proniosomes consisting of span60, cholesterol, sorbitol and vinpocetine were prepared by a novel approach. After the proniosomes were contacted with water, the suspension of vinpocetine-loaded niosomes formed automatically. The proniosomes and reconstituted niosomes were evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics, in vitro drug dissolution and release, integrity and stability at different GI tract pH conditions, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion and in vivo bioavailability. RESULTS The proniosome powder exhibited excellent flowability. The reconstituted niosomes with high drug entrapment efficiency (89.67 ± 3.28%) showed spherical morphology with smooth surface under transmission electron microscope (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the drug was in an amorphous or molecular state in proniosome powder. In vitro dissolution and release study, proniosomes did enhance the dissolution and release rate compared to vinpocetine suspension in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2). Proniosome-derived niosomes could keep their integrity and stability at different GI tract pH conditions. The in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion indicated that encapsulation of vinpocetine into niosomes could largely improved the absorption of vinpocetine. The AUC(0-∞) of F2 and F3 was about 4.0- and 4.9-fold higher than that of the vinpocetine suspension, respectively. The results demonstrated the proniosomes indeed remarkably enhanced the oral bioavailability of vinpocetine. CONCLUSION This study suggested the potential of proniosomes as stable precursors for the immediate preparation of niosome carrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China and
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Zaitone SA, Abo-Elmatty DM, Elshazly SM. Piracetam and vinpocetine ameliorate rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 44:774-9. [PMID: 23248410 PMCID: PMC3523508 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the nootropic drugs, piracetam (PIR) and vinpocetine (VIN), in rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male rats were divided into 6 groups of 10 rats each. The groups were administered vehicle, control (rotenone, 1.5 mg/kg/48 h/6 doses, s.c.), PIR (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and VIN (3 and 6 mg/kg/day, p.o.). The motor performance of the rats was evaluated by the open field and pole test. Striatal dopamine level, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assayed. Histopathological study of the substantia nigra was also done. RESULTS Results showed that rotenone-treated rats exhibited bradykinesia and motor impairment in the open-field test. In addition, GSH level was decreased whereas MDA and TNF-α increased in striata of rotenone-treated rats as compared to vehicle-treated rats. Marked degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) neurons and depletion of striatal dopamine was also observed in the rotenone-treated rats. Treatment with PIR or VIN significantly reversed the locomotor deficits and increased striatal dopamine level. Treatment with VIN significantly (P<0.05) reduced the striatal level of MDA and GSH in comparison to rotenone group whereas TNF-α production was found to be significantly decreased in PIR group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION VIN and PIR exhibit neuroprotective activity in rotenone-induced Parkinsonism. Hence, these nootropic agents may be considered as possible candidates in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Abstract
Neuronal plasticity is an essential property of the brain that is impaired in different neurological conditions. Phosphodiesterase type 1 (PDE1) inhibitors can enhance levels of the second messengers cAMP/cGMP leading to the expression of neuronal plasticity-related genes, neurotrophic factors, and neuroprotective molecules. These neuronal plasticity enhancement properties make PDE1 inhibitors good candidates as therapeutic agents in many neurological conditions. However, the lack of specificity of the drugs currently available poses a challenge to the systematic evaluation of the beneficial effect of these agents. The development of more specific drugs may pave the way for the use of PDE1 inhibitors as therapeutic agents in cases of neurodevelopmental conditions such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and in degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre E. Medina
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmond, VA, USA
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Peitl B, Pethô G, Pórszász R, Németh J, Szolcsányi J. Capsaicin-insensitive sensory-efferent meningeal vasodilatation evoked by electrical stimulation of trigeminal nerve fibres in the rat. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 127:457-67. [PMID: 10385246 PMCID: PMC1566033 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Antidromic vasodilatation and plasma extravasation to stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion or its perivascular meningeal fibres was investigated by laser-Doppler flowmetry and 125I-labelled bovin serum albumin in the dura mater and in exteroceptive areas (nasal mucosa, upper eyelid) of anaesthetized rats pretreated with guanethidine and pipecuronium. 2 Trigeminal stimulation at 5 Hz for 20 s elicited unilateral phasic vasodilatation in the dura and lasting response in the nasal mucosa. Resiniferatoxin (1-3 microg kg(-1) i.v.), topical (1%) or systemic capsaicin pretreatment (300 mg kg(-1) s.c. plus 1 mg kg(-1) i.v.) did not inhibit the meningeal responses but abolished or strongly inhibited the nasal responses. Administration of vinpocetine (3 mg kg(-1) i.v.) increased both basal blood flow and the dural vasodilatation to perivascular nerve stimulation. 3. Dural vasodilatation to trigeminal stimulation was not inhibited by the calcitonin gene-related peptide-1 receptor (CGRP-1) antagonist hCGRP8-37 (15 or 50 microg kg(-1) i.v), or the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist RP 67580 (0.1 mg kg(-1) i.v.) although both antagonists inhibited the nasal response. Neither mucosal nor meningeal responses were inhibited by atropine (5 mg kg(-1) i.v.), hexamethonium (10 mg kg(-1) i.v.) or the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) antagonist (p-chloro-D-Phe6-Leul7)VIP (20 microg kg(-1) i.v.). 4. Plasma extravasation in the dura and upper eyelid elicited by electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion was almost completely abolished in rats pretreated with resiniferatoxin (3 microg kg(-1) i.v.). 5. It is concluded that in the rat meningeal vasodilatation evoked by stimulation of trigeminal fibres is mediated by capsaicin-insensitive primary afferents, while plasma extravasation in the dura and upper eyelid and the vasodilatation in the nasal mucosa are mediated by capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barna Peitl
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Neuropharmacology Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University Medical School of Pécs, P.O.B. 99, H-7643 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pethô
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Neuropharmacology Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University Medical School of Pécs, P.O.B. 99, H-7643 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Pórszász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Neuropharmacology Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University Medical School of Pécs, P.O.B. 99, H-7643 Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Németh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Neuropharmacology Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University Medical School of Pécs, P.O.B. 99, H-7643 Pécs, Hungary
| | - János Szolcsányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Neuropharmacology Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University Medical School of Pécs, P.O.B. 99, H-7643 Pécs, Hungary
- Author for correspondence:
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