1
|
Cook J, de Virgilio C, Purdy A, Poola VP, Tolles J, Smith B, Simms E, Calhoun KE, Jarman B, Salcedo ES, Frey E, Wu E, Agopian V, Cryer C, Fleischman R, Dickinson KJ, Roy M, Han A, Amersi F. Association of Residency Applicants' Hobbies and Subsequent Technical Proficiency Ratings as General Surgery Chief Residents: A Multi-Institutional Study. J Surg Educ 2024; 81:339-343. [PMID: 38302298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether participation in certain hobbies (e.g., participation in sports, playing musical instruments, or other hobbies requiring fine motor skills), preresidency, are associated with higher technical skills ratings at the time of residency graduation. DESIGN Faculty members from 14 general surgery residency programs scored individual graduates from 2017 to 2020 on their technical skills using a 5-point Likert scale. Hobbies for these residents were collected from their Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) data. A single reviewer classified each ERAS hobby into predefined categories including musical instruments, sports requiring hand-eye coordination, team sports, and activities necessitating hand-eye coordination. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for the relationship between each category of hobby-as well as the total number of hobbies in each category-and the outcome of surgical faculty ratings of residents' technical surgical skills during their last year of residency. A proportional odds model including the above predictive variables was also fit to the data. SETTING Fourteen general surgery residency programs. PARTICIPANTS General surgery residency graduates from 14 different programs from 2017 to 2020. RESULTS There were 296 residents across 14 institutions. The average ranking of residents' technical skills was 3.24 (SD 1.1). A total of 40% of residents played sports involving hand-eye coordination, 31% played team sports, 28% participated in nonsport hobbies that require eye-hand coordination, and 20% played musical instruments. Correlation coefficients were not statistically significant for any of the categories. In the proportional odds model, none of the variables were associated with statistically significant increased odds of a higher technical skills rating. CONCLUSIONS There was no correlation between general surgery chief residents' technical skills as rated by faculty, and self-reported pre-residency hobbies on the ERAS application. These findings suggest such hobbies prior to residency are unlikely to predict future technical skills prowess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Cook
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Christian de Virgilio
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Amanda Purdy
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - V Prasad Poola
- Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Juliana Tolles
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Brian Smith
- Department of Surgery, Irvine Medical Center, University of California, Orange, California
| | - Eric Simms
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Kristine E Calhoun
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Benjamin Jarman
- Department of Surgery, Gunderson Medical Foundation, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Edgardo S Salcedo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, California
| | - Edgar Frey
- Department of Surgery, Brookwood Baptist Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Esther Wu
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Vatche Agopian
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chad Cryer
- Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ross Fleischman
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Karen J Dickinson
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Mayank Roy
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Amy Han
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Farin Amersi
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fancourt D, Noguchi T, Bone JK, Wels J, Gao Q, Kondo K, Saito T, Mak HW. Moderating effect of country-level health determinants on the association between hobby engagement and mental health: cross-cohort multi-level models, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions. Lancet 2023; 402 Suppl 1:S41. [PMID: 37997083 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theories from anthropology, evolutionary psychology, and sociology have focused on the potential adaptive benefits of hobby engagement for mental health in older adults. However, previous studies have used data from single countries, potentially biased by specific measurement and methodological approaches, cohort effects, or cultural specificities. Whether there are genuine benefits for mental health in older adults cross-culturally remains unknown. This study explored the consistency of this association across 16 different nations. METHODS For this epidemiological study, we used data from adults aged 65 years or older across 16 countries in the USA, Europe, and Asia, represented in five longitudinal studies (ELSA, JAGES, HRS, SHARE and CHARLS; N=93 263, 45-62% female, mean age 72-76 years, data collected 2008-20). We harmonised measures of self-reported engagement in hobbies and past-times, depressive symptoms (validated scales), and Likert scale responses for self-reported health, happiness, and life satisfaction. We conducted fixed-effects models and longitudinal regression models of hobbies and mental health for each country and then pooled in multinational meta-analyses. We accounted for all time-constant factors including those unobserved (eg, genetics, past leisure behaviour, medical history, psychological traits) and identified time-varying factors (eg, sociodemographic background, clinical conditions, daily functioning). We tested the potential moderating effects of country-level determinants of health in meta-regressions and multilevel models. FINDINGS Meta-analytic fixed-effects findings showed that having a hobby was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (pooled coefficient -0·10, 95% CI -0·13 to -0·07, I2=69·5%, H2=3·28), and higher levels of self-reported health (0·06, 0·03 to 0·08, I2=48·1%, H2=1·93), happiness (0·09, 0·06 to 0·13, I2=67·0%, H2=3·03), and life satisfaction (0·10, 0·08 to 0·12, I2=33·6%, H2=1·51). Results were consistent in meta-analyses of longitudinal regression models testing directionality of findings. Macro-level factors such as life expectancy, world happiness index, country wealth, and income inequality predicted prevalence of hobby engagement, but they showed only marginal moderating effects on the association between hobbies and mental health. INTERPRETATION Despite some heterogeneity in measurement between the cohorts, the apparent universality of the health benefits of hobbies internationally suggests that facilitating greater opportunities for engagement across demographic groups and between countries could be an important part of multidisciplinary care. Findings have implications for social prescribing schemes (currently in trial in many countries) and multidisciplinary work on origins and human behavioural patterns of hobby engagement. FUNDING National Endowment for the Arts, Wellcome Trust, Belgian Nnational Scientific Fund (FNRS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Taiji Noguchi
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jessica K Bone
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jacques Wels
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK; Centre Metices, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hei Wan Mak
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aman Y. Hobby engagement boosts mental health in aging populations. Nat Aging 2023; 3:1316. [PMID: 37946046 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
|
4
|
Matsumura T, Muraki I, Ikeda A, Yamagishi K, Shirai K, Yasuda N, Sawada N, Inoue M, Iso H, Brunner EJ, Tsugane S. Hobby Engagement and Risk of Disabling Dementia. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:456-463. [PMID: 35569953 PMCID: PMC10409527 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between hobby engagement and risk of dementia reported from a short-term follow-up study for individuals aged ≥65 years may be susceptible to reverse causation. We examined the association between hobby engagement in age of 40-69 years and risk of dementia in a long-term follow-up study among Japanese, including individuals in mid-life, when the majority of individuals have normal cognitive function. METHODS A total of 22,377 individuals aged 40-69 years completed a self-administered questionnaire in 1993-1994. The participants answered whether they had hobbies according to the three following responses: having no hobbies, having a hobby, and having many hobbies. Follow-up for incident disabling dementia was conducted with long-term care insurance data from 2006 to 2016. RESULTS During a median of 11.0 years of follow-up, 3,095 participants developed disabling dementia. Adjusting for the demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors, the multivariable hazard ratios of incident disabling dementia compared with "having no hobbies" were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.89) for "having a hobby" and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.67-0.91) for "having many hobbies". The inverse association was similarly observed in both middle (40-64 years) and older ages (65-69 years). For disabling dementia subtypes, hobby engagement was inversely associated with the risk of dementia without a history of stroke (probably non-vascular type dementia), but not with that of post-stroke dementia (probably vascular type dementia). CONCLUSION Hobby engagement in both mid-life and late life was associated with a lower risk of disabling dementia without a history of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Matsumura
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ai Ikeda
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Yasuda
- Department of Public Health, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eric J Brunner
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Wickham
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mak HW, Noguchi T, Bone JK, Wels J, Gao Q, Kondo K, Saito T, Fancourt D. Hobby engagement and mental wellbeing among people aged 65 years and older in 16 countries. Nat Med 2023; 29:2233-2240. [PMID: 37696932 PMCID: PMC10504079 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Growing aging populations pose a threat to global health because of the social and psychological challenges they experience. To mitigate this, many countries promote hobby engagement to support and improve mental health. Yet, it remains unclear whether there is consistency in benefits across different national settings. We harmonized measures of hobby engagement and multiple aspects of mental wellbeing across 16 nations represented in five longitudinal studies (N = 93,263). Prevalence of hobby engagement varied substantially across countries, from 51.0% of Spanish respondents to 96.0% of Danish respondents. Fixed effects models and multinational meta-analyses were applied to compare the longitudinal associations between hobbies and mental wellbeing. Independent of confounders, having a hobby was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (pooled coefficient = -0.10; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = -0.13, -0.07), and higher levels of self-reported health (pooled coefficient = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.08), happiness (pooled coefficient = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.13) and life satisfaction (pooled coefficient = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.12). Further analyses suggested a temporal relationship. The strength of these associations, and prevalence of hobby engagement, were correlated with macrolevel factors such as life expectancy and national happiness levels but overall, little variance in findings was explained by country-level factors (<9%). Given the relative universality of findings, ensuring equality in hobby engagement within and between countries should be a priority for promoting healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hei Wan Mak
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Taiji Noguchi
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jessica K Bone
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jacques Wels
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
- Centre Metices, Université libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shields LBE, Iyer VG, Daniels MW, Zhang YP, Shields CB. Impact of Occupations and Hobbies on the Severity of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Electrodiagnostic Perspective. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:655-662. [PMID: 37171095 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study describes the clinical and electrodiagnostic (EDX) findings as well as occupations and hobbies in 613 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS Patients with moderate, moderately severe, or severe CTS based on EDX criteria were included. RESULTS The most common occupations included workers in offices, construction/maintenance, and assembly lines. The occupation severity scores were greatest in garment workers, musicians, and landscapers. Regardless of occupation, patient age and occupation duration were significantly correlated ( P < 0.001). Gardeners had the highest average severity score of the hobbies, followed by painters, those who sew, and individuals who perform house chores. CONCLUSIONS Physicians should be aware of particular occupations and hobbies associated with a greater risk of severe CTS and offer modifications to their patients' work duties and hobbies to minimize the likelihood of developing severe CTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa B E Shields
- From the Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, Kentucky (L.B.E.S., Y.P.Z., C.B.S.); Neurodiagnostic Center of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (V.G.I.); Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.D.); and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (C.B.S.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Politis M. "Why I . . ." medical students discuss their hobbies and passions. BMJ 2023; 381:1197. [PMID: 37391218 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
|
9
|
Cagirtekin A, Tanriverdi O. Social hobbies can increase self-esteem and quality of life in female breast cancer patients with type A personality trait: KRATOS study. Med Oncol 2023; 40:50. [PMID: 36526823 PMCID: PMC9757629 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Self-esteem is a way of coping with stress for cancer patients and this improves their quality of life. It was aimed to determine the relationship between type A personality traits and self-esteem and quality of life in women with breast cancer and to determine the effective factors. 154 women with breast cancer and 78 healthy women were included. Bortner's Rating scale, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale, and EORTC QOL-C30 scale were used. The relationship between the presence of hobbies, self-esteem, quality of life, and personality type was examined. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher's Exact, and Spearman Rank correlation tests were performed. Independent factors affecting personality type, self-esteem, and quality of life were determined by multivariate logistic (binary) regression analysis. The p < 0.05 value was significant in the SPSS v19 program. There was no age difference between the patients (54 ± 11 years) and the control group (42 ± 8 years) (p = 0.108). The rate of type A personality was 69% in patients and 58% in controls (p = 0.093). Similarly, the rate of high self-esteem was 93% in patients and 96% in controls (p = 0.098). Besides personality type and self-esteem, there was no relationship between personality type and quality of life in cancer patients (p = 0.960 and p = 0.946, respectively). A relationship was established between self-esteem and quality of life (p = 0.018) in patients. In patients with type A personality, hobbies providing socially active communication were common (p = 0.039), and had more than two hobbies (p = 0.015). Type A personality trait was independently effective on self-esteem (p = 0.046). Hobby orientation and the number of hobbies had independent effects on self-esteem (p = 0.032, p = 0.041), quality of life (respectively, p = 0.004, p = 0.007), and personality type (respectively, p = 0.014, p = 0.027). Hobbies that provide active social communication may have important effects on changes in personality traits, self-esteem, and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aytug Cagirtekin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Tanriverdi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey.
- Oncological Clinical Researches Centre at Department of Medical Ongology, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Kötekli Mh. Marmaris Yolu Bulvarı No: 55 Menteşe, 48000, Muğla, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Coutinho N, Carder M. Evaluating the association of well-being strategies on line manager resilience. Occup Med (Lond) 2022; 72:515-521. [PMID: 36001495 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Line management tends to be associated with increased responsibility and accountability in the workplace and can be a challenging and high-pressured role. More resilient line managers are more likely to continue to perform despite work stressors. AIMS This study aimed to assess the association of various coping strategies and resources on resilience levels amongst line managers working within a corporate office-based environment. METHODS A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was carried out over 4 weeks in 2020. The questionnaire probed demographic factors and the use of strategies and resources which may enhance resilience. Resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. RESULTS On regression analysis, resilience tended to increase with increasing years of line management. When each strategy/resource was considered separately and adjusted for the number of years of line management, exercise outside of work (B, 0.302; 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 0.109 to 0.495), hobbies/interests (B, 0.252; 95% CIs, 0.095 to 0.410) and socializing (B, 0.204; 95% CIs, 0.042 to 0.367) were all significant predictors of resilience. CONCLUSIONS The key coping strategies and resources that had the strongest association with resilience amongst office-based line managers were those that related to their personal lives, with exercise being of particular importance. This study highlights the importance of emphasizing work-life balance and lifestyle factors within workplace manager training and resilience programmes, as well as in the occupational health clinic. Additional support and health promotion for managers in their first few years of management responsibility may also be beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Coutinho
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - M Carder
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Niikura M, Sekine M, Yamada M, Tatsuse T, Kido H, Suzuki M. [Non-participation in social activities of rural older adults: Results from the Toyama dementia survey]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:435-446. [PMID: 35400722 DOI: 10.11236/jph.20-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective Social activities play an important role in the maintenance of health and well-being of the older adults. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of the rural older adults who do not participate by type of social activities.Methods This survey examined 1,537 older adults randomly selected at a sampling rate of 0.5% from among those living in Toyama prefecture of Japan, in 2014. Of the total, 947 ambulatory older adults living in their own homes were analyzed using Poisson regression. Results were presented as prevalence ratio (PR). The level of statistical significance was set at P<0.05 (two-sided test).Results The participants included 426 men (mean age 73.9 ± 6.5 years) and 521 women (mean age 74.8 ± 7.0 years). In terms of work, both men and women did not work at an older age (men PR 1.15 over 75 years old, women PR 1.11 over 70 years old). Men did not work during outpatient treatment (PR 1.09) and the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) 21-25 points (PR 1.09) and 20 points or below. Women who did not drink alcohol did not work (PR 0.93). Both men and women did not participate in residential activities at older ages (men PR 1.12 over 70 years old, women PR 1.11 over 80 years old). Men with 20 points or below on HDS-R (PR 1.16) and with work history of only physical labor (PR 1.12), and women living with family (PR 0.92) were less likely to participate in residential activities. In the hobby group, both men and women with work history of only physical labor were less likely to participate (men PR 1.05, women PR 1.08). Men with education of 9 years or below (PR 1.05) and women living alone (PR 1.07) were less likely to participate. Hobby groups did not relate with age and cognitive decline. In the senior citizens' club, men and women who did not drink alcohol were less likely to participate (men PR 0.91, women PR 0.89). Men who smoked (PR 1.06), men with psychological symptoms (PR 1.09), and women with 20 points or below on HDS-R (PR 1.13) were less likely to participate.Conclusion Factors related to non-participation of older adults in rural cities depended on the type of social activities. In order to promote social activity among the older adults in rural cities, it is important to consider specific measures taking into account the type of social activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Niikura
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Toyama
| | - Michikazu Sekine
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Toyama
| | - Masaaki Yamada
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Toyama
| | - Takashi Tatsuse
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Toyama
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muka S. Taking hobbyists seriously: The reef tank hobby and knowledge production in serious leisure. Stud Hist Philos Sci 2022; 93:192-202. [PMID: 35550930 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies of communities that produce knowledge about the natural world have largely focused on groups working with or for academic scientists and conforming to the epistemic values of academic knowledge production. This paper details a community that produces natural knowledge outside of those parameters. The reef hobbyist community, a group that works with aquariums as a form of non-professional leisure, has developed historical narratives, publishing standards, and recognized forms of expertise that are not shared by academic scientists. However, their goal is to produce knowledge about coral systems and their hobby has resulted in a wealth of knowledge about coral husbandry. In this paper, I identify the structure of this community, highlight several prominent groups that make up the network of reef hobbyists, and trace the ways that they produce knowledge about the marine environment through their actions. This paper contributes to discussions about diverse ways of knowing and differing forms of knowledge production in the history and philosophy of science. By examining the history and practices of a well-developed knowledge community outside of academic science, I hope to call attention to the ways that philosophers and historians have centered academic science and its structure and use of knowledge, even in conversations about non-professional knowledge producers. This paper pushes scholars to think more deeply about the way knowledge is developed in non-academic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Muka
- Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang X, Dong JY, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Having hobbies and the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: A Japan public health center-based study. Atherosclerosis 2021; 335:1-7. [PMID: 34517285 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of hobbies as a protective factor against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has gained increasing attention; however, no large-scale studies were performed to confirm this. We aimed to examine the association between having hobbies and the risk of total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in a large Japanese cohort. METHODS A total of 56,381 adults aged 45-74 years were divided into the non-hobby, having a hobby, and having many hobbies groups. We performed Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) for incident CVD, CHD, and stroke after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS We identified 3685 incident CVDs (940 CHDs and 2839 strokes) during a median follow-up of 16.3 years. After multivariable adjustment, compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 10% (HR = 0.90 [0.83, 0.97]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.69, 0.93]) lower risk of CVD incidence, respectively. The risk of CHD was lower in those with many hobbies, but the association between having many hobbies and CHD risk was not statistically significant. We also found a similar inverse association for stroke. Compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 13% (HR = 0.87 [0.80, 0.96]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.68, 0.94]) lower risk of stroke. CONCLUSIONS Having hobbies was associated with a lower risk of CVD. Engagement in hobbies may emerge as an important target for healthy lifestyle promotion for the primary prevention of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Janeczko E, Łukowski A, Bielinis E, Woźnicka M, Janeczko K, Korcz N. "Not just a hobby, but a lifestyle": Characteristics, preferences and self-perception of individuals with different levels of involvement in birdwatching. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255359. [PMID: 34329361 PMCID: PMC8323953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Birdwatching is one of the most sustainable types of nature-based tourism and, at the same time, a form of recreation that is developing very dynamically. Birdwatching is attracting more and more people, not only professionals, but also amateurs from many countries. Birdwatching research is still relatively embryonic, especially when compared to nature tourism or wildlife tourism. Our main aim was to determine preferences and opinions of birdwatchers visiting the largest national park in Poland, in relation to their different levels of involvement. The data were collected in 2018 from a survey of a sample of 357 Polish and foreign birdwatchers. Results showed that birdwatcher respondents were predominantly male, middle-aged, and living in a large city. An important tool described in this article is a new scale that assesses the level of involvement of individual people engaged in birdwatching activity. This scale corresponds well with the individual characteristics of birdwatchers. Most birdwatchers defined their birdwatching activity as a permanent rather than a temporary hobby and therefore considered it to be more of a lifestyle than a hobby. Engagement in birdwatching activity increased with age and frequency of trips. The two most important reasons for birding were ‘to be close to nature’ and ‘fascination with birds’. It has been proven that the development of birdwatching in the future will require a developed infrastructure enabling interaction with the objects of observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Janeczko
- Department of Forest Utilization, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Łukowski
- Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ernest Bielinis
- Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Woźnicka
- Department of Forest Utilization, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Krzysztof Janeczko
- Department of Forest Management Planning, Dendrometry and Forest Economics, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Korcz
- Department of Natural Foundations of Forestry, Institute of Soil Science and Environment Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wolf R, Parish JL, Parish LC. The Conundrum of Toys and Hobbies: Nitendo. Skinmed 2021; 19:175-176. [PMID: 34303385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronni Wolf
- Private Practice Dermatology Clinic, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The School of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel;
| | - Jennifer L Parish
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lawrence Charles Parish
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
- Jefferson Center for International Dermatology, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
It is easy for me to imagine life without harmonicas, but for my parents' generation, harmonicas were as common as rain. They were small and easy to fit in a shirt pocket or kit bag, and, whenever an idle moment presented itself, out came the harmonica to render a slightly reedy version of a well-known song: songs like "Red River Valley," "You Are My Sunshine," or "Tennessee Waltz." They were not far from the lips of anyone who played a harmonica.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wolf R, Parish LC, Parish JL. The Conundrum of Toys and Hobbies: A Skateboard Story. Skinmed 2021; 19:95-96. [PMID: 33938428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lawrence Charles Parish
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Jefferson Center for International Dermatology, Philadelphia, PA;
| | - Jennifer L Parish
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Houston S. Iannis Aifantis: An accidental scientist. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133619. [PMID: 31961373 PMCID: PMC7041716 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iannis Aifantis is a principal investigator at NYU Langone Medical Center, and his laboratory works on the molecular mechanisms that drive normal stem cell differentiation and malignant transformation. Specifically, they’re interested in the genomic, epigenetic, and proteomic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and the induction of leukemia and lymphoma; some of their basic research has led to clinical trials in leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. I chatted with Iannis to find out about his career in science so far.
Collapse
|
19
|
Maartens A. An interview with Roberto Mayor. Development 2020; 147:147/3/dev187252. [PMID: 32014864 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Roberto Mayor is Professor of Developmental and Cellular Neurobiology at University College London. Elected an EMBO member in 2019 and a former International Scholar of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, his lab works on the development of the neural crest, in particular its induction and migration. We met Roberto in Buenos Aires at the tenth biennial meeting of the Latin American Society for Developmental Biology (LASDB, the society he founded in 2001), and discussed the role serendipity has played in his career, why we need a more holistic view of the cell during development, and the challenges and potential of science in Latin America.
Collapse
|
20
|
Scott RM, Buckley HR, Domett K, Tromp M, Trinh HH, Willis A, Matsumura H, Oxenham MF. Domestication and large animal interactions: Skeletal trauma in northern Vietnam during the hunter-gatherer Da But period. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218777. [PMID: 31483781 PMCID: PMC6726200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to test the hypothesis that healed traumatic injuries in the pre-Neolithic assemblage of Con Co Ngua, northern Vietnam (c. 6800-6200 cal BP) are consistent with large wild animal interactions prior to their domestication. The core sample included 110 adult (aged ≥ 18 years) individuals, while comparisons are made with an additional six skeletal series from Neolithic through to Iron Age Vietnam, Thailand, and Mongolia. All post cranial skeletal elements were assessed for signs of healed trauma and identified cases were further x-rayed. Crude trauma prevalence (14/110, 12.7%) was not significantly different between males (8/52) and females (5/37) (χ2 = 0.061, p = 0.805). Nor were there significant differences in the prevalence of fractured limbs, although males displayed greater rates of lower limb bone trauma than females. Further, distinct from females, half the injured males suffered vertebral fractures, consistent with high-energy trauma. The first hypothesis is supported, while some support for the sexual divisions of labour was found. The prevalence and pattern of fractured limbs at CCN when compared with other Southeast and East Asian sites is most similar to the agropastoral site of Lamadong, China. The potential for skeletal trauma to assess animal trapping and herding practices prior to domestication in the past is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Scott
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (RS); (MO)
| | | | - Kate Domett
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Monica Tromp
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Hiep Hoang Trinh
- Department of Prehistoric Archaeology, Vietnam Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anna Willis
- College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Hirofumi Matsumura
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Marc F. Oxenham
- School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- * E-mail: (RS); (MO)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nalivaeva NN, Hardy J. Special Issue in Honour of Anthony J (Tony) Turner. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1269-1270. [PMID: 30888576 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N Nalivaeva
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT1, UK.
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia.
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Raposa EB, Ben-Eliyahu A, Olsho LEW, Rhodes J. Birds of a feather: Is matching based on shared interests and characteristics associated with longer youth mentoring relationships? J Community Psychol 2019; 47:385-397. [PMID: 30203843 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Youth mentoring practitioners and researchers have shown a growing interest in determining the ways in which mentor-youth matching practices might influence the duration and effectiveness of mentoring relationships. The current project tested whether mentor-youth similarities at baseline, in terms of demographic variables and interests in certain activities (e.g., sports, art), predicted a longer duration of mentoring relationships. Analyses used baseline and follow-up data from over 9,000 youth who participated in community-based mentoring programs in the northeastern United States, as well as their volunteer mentors. Racial and ethnic similarity between mentor and youth was predictive of longer match duration. Moreover, a shared dislike of activities was associated with longer matches than either shared interests or discordant interests in activities. Findings have important implications for determining the ways in which mentor-youth matching practices influence the length and effectiveness of mentoring relationships.
Collapse
|
23
|
Bouceiro-Mendes R, Ortins-Pina A, Fraga A, Marques T, Viveiros M, Machado D, Soares-de-Almeida L, Freitas JP, Filipe P. Mycobacterium marinum lymphocutaneous infection. Dermatol Online J 2019; 25:13030/qt5bb78905. [PMID: 30865411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium marinum is a nontuberculous mycobacteria with worldwide distribution that lives in fresh or salt water and is responsible for infections in fish, and sometimes in humans. Human disease consists mainly of cutaneous nodules, but deep structure involvement may also occur. Diagnosis of M. marinum infection remains a challenge, with a considerable time delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis. We present a 33-year-old man with no immunosuppressive history who was seen in our department with skin nodules over his hand and forearm, distributed in a sporotrichoid pattern. His hobbies included maintaining an aquarium of tropical fish. Histological examination of the patient's skin biopsy was compatible with the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection, and the Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast bacilli. Molecular techniques confirmed the suspicion of M. marinum infection. A necropsy was performed on one of the patient's fish, more specifically, a Poecilia reticulata, and resulted in identification of M. marinum from its gut. The patient was treated with clarithromycin, ethambutol, and rifampicin for 9 months, with clearance of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bouceiro-Mendes
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Saeki K. The differential effects of type and frequency of social participation on IADL declines of older people. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207426. [PMID: 30462711 PMCID: PMC6248949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social participation (SP) is valid in active aging, it is vague which types and the frequency of SP are effective in maintaining instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). We conducted a community-based prospective cohort study and investigated the association of the types and frequency for SP with IADL decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS The target population were all individuals aged ≥65 living in a commuter town in Nara, Japan. A total of 6,013 participants with independent IADL at baseline were analyzed. IADL was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Six SP types were assessed: volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby clubs, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural clubs. The frequency of SP was categorized into frequent (i.e., weekly or more), moderate (i.e., monthly or yearly), and non-participation. Using multiple logistic regression models, the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for IADL decline were calculated. Covariates included age, marital status, education, subjective economic status, work status, body mass index, chronic medical conditions (i.e., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease), lifestyle factors (i.e., alcohol, smoking, and exercise), self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning. To examine gender differences, stratified analyses by gender were performed. RESULTS During the 33-month follow-up, 16.4% of men and 8.7% of women exhibited IADL decline. After adjustment for all covariates, compared to those who never participated, women with moderate participation had significantly lower odds of IADL decline in volunteer groups (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.88), hobby clubs (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.38-0.79), neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42-0.81), and cultural clubs (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.82), and women with frequent participation had lower odds of IADL decline in hobby clubs (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43-0.93). In contrast, among men, the significant association between SP and less risk of IADL decline was limited to moderate participation in neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63-0.99), and there were no differences between frequent participation and non-participation in all types of SP. Regarding volunteer groups, compared to women with frequent participation, women with moderate participation had a significantly lower risk of IADL decline (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18-0.77). The results of additional stratified analyses by self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning showed that the associations of the type and frequency of SP with IADL decline varied according to physical and mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS Several types of SP have a favorable effect on IADL through moderate participation rather than frequent participation, and women with moderate participation in volunteer groups have a more beneficial effect on IADL than women with frequent participation. When advising community-dwelling older adults on SP for IADL maintenance, health professionals may need to take into account plateau effects, gender differences, and physical and mental functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cornuz J, Dvořák C, Abetel G, Burnier F. [Bird watching among physicians]. Rev Med Suisse 2018; 14:1955-1957. [PMID: 30379479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bird watching can be an ideal activity for a physician. By their training, doctors may be more inclined than other professionals to take the time to observe birds. Medical studies provide basic knowledge, especially in biology and physics. Clinical training then teaches to watch, to listen. This article proposes a look at the similarities between medicine and ornithology : the importance of the meaning of observation, the identical « diagnostic » approach, the use of an identical scientific methodology (participatory science), the impact of migration. It also recalls the balance that the practice of observation brings to physicians.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jansen JM. Filip Swirski: Understanding How Inflammation Both Heals and Hurts the Heart. Circ Res 2018; 122:1334-1337. [PMID: 29748362 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- E Ernst
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Medical School, Hanover
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The urge to collect is a ubiquitous phenomenon which has anthropological, sociobiological and individual psychodynamic roots, but occurs far more frequently among men than women. The author examines the reasons for this gender difference and defines systematic collecting to distinguish it from addictive, obsessive and messy collecting, and from related phenomena such as perversion. The mode of collecting and choice of object are important indicators as to the unconscious psychodynamics of a collector and offer opportunity to describe his structural level. Collecting ranges across a broad spectrum, from an ego-syntonic integrated mode, i.e. sublimation, to a neurotic defence against pre-oedipal or oedipal traumas and conflicts. Alongside this drive-theoretical approach, object and Kleinian theory are also applied to the understanding of collecting. Collecting represents a specific form of object relating and way of handling primary loss trauma, which is different from addiction, compulsion, or perversion. Under certain circumstances collecting can also result in a successful Gestalt or way of life. The paper concludes with a case study showing how collecting develops from a pre-oedipal to a more integrated oedipal mode during the course of the analysis, which is reflected in changes in the transference.
Collapse
|
29
|
DeRosier J. Keeping time with Anthony Maoloni. CDS Rev 2017; 110:24-25. [PMID: 29461728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Leon-Estrada I, Garcia-Garcia J, Roldan-Tapia L. [Cognitive Reserve Scale: testing the theoretical model and norms]. Rev Neurol 2017; 64:7-16. [PMID: 28000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cognitive reserve theory may contribute to explain cognitive performance differences among individuals with similar cognitive decline and among healthy ones. However, more psychometric analysis are needed to guarantee the usage of tests for assessing cognitive reserve. AIMS To study validity evidences in relation to the structure of the Cognitive Reserve Scale (CRS) and to create reference norms to interpret the scores. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 172 participants completed the scale and they were classified into two age groups: aged 36-64 years (n = 110) and 65-88 years (n = 62). RESULTS The exploratory factor analysis using ESEM revealed that the data fitted the proposed model. Overall, the discriminative indices were acceptable (between 0.21 and 0.50) and congruence was observed in the periods of young adulthood, adulthood and late adulthood, in both age group. Besides, the index of reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.80) and the typical mean error test (mean: 51.40 ± 11.11) showed adequate values for this type of instrument. CONCLUSION The CRS seemed to be set under the hypothetical theoretical model, and the scores might be interpreted by the norms showed. This study provided guarantees for the usage of the CRS in research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Leon-Estrada
- Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, Espana
| | - J Garcia-Garcia
- Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, Espana
| | - L Roldan-Tapia
- Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, Espana
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
ETCETERA: Member Profile. Hope in Motion. Healthc Financ Manage 2016; 70:19-21. [PMID: 29901339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
33
|
ETCETERA: Member Profile. Trail Time. Healthc Financ Manage 2016; 70:23-4. [PMID: 29897207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
34
|
Towers L. ETCETERA: Member Profile. Buzzing Business. Healthc Financ Manage 2016; 70:21-23. [PMID: 29897193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
35
|
Toll E, Orabone J. On Patients, Bonsai, and Orangutans: The Value of Mindfulness in the Practice of Medicine. R I Med J (2013) 2016; 99:26-28. [PMID: 26929968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Toll
- Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Joshua Orabone
- 2015 Graduate, Combined Residency Program in Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Internal Medicine Hospitalist, University of Massachusetts Memorial Group, Clinton Hospital, Clinton, MA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
DeRosier J. Janov Barry treasures the golden era of radio. CDS Rev 2016; 109:36-37. [PMID: 27197380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
37
|
Nicholls M. CardioPulse: Leaders in cardiovascular medicine of today: Professor David Wood, Imperial College, London. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:503-505. [PMID: 27458619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
|
38
|
|
39
|
Nicholls M. CardioPulse: Leaders in cardiovascular medicine today: Prof. Marc Pfeffer PhD MD. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:432-433. [PMID: 27458628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
|
40
|
Güler S, Turan FN. TURKISH VERSION QUALITY OF LIFE IN ESSENTIAL TREMOR QUESTIONNAIRE (QUEST): VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY. Ideggyogy Sz 2015; 68:310-317. [PMID: 26665492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to translate the Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire (QUEST) advanced by Troster (2005) and to analyse the validity and reliability of this questionnaire. METHODS Two hundred twelve consecutive patients with essential tremor (ET) and forty-three control subjects were included in the study. Permission for the translation and validation of the QUEST scale was obtained. The translation was performed according to the guidelines provided by the publisher. After the translation, the final version of the scale was administered to both groups to determine its reliability and validity. RESULTS The QUEST Physical, Psychosocial, communication, Hobbies/leisure and Work/finance scores were 0.967, 0.968, 0.933, 0.964 and 0.925, respectively. There were good correlations between each of the QUEST scores that were indicative of good internal consistency. Additionally, we observed that all of the QUEST scores were most strongly related to the right and left arms (p=0.0001). However, we observed that all of the QUEST scores were weakly related to the voice, head and right leg (p=0.0001). DISCUSSION These findings support the notion that the Turkish version of the Quality of Life in Essential Tremor (QUEST) questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of the quality of life of patients with ET.
Collapse
|
41
|
Member Profile. Beasts' Best Friend. Healthc Financ Manage 2015; 69:25-6. [PMID: 26548155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
42
|
Sisk S. Harold Shavell has carved his niche. CDS Rev 2015; 108:28-29. [PMID: 26591245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
43
|
Krite-Anthes C. [Seniors are using waiting room for jam session]. MMW Fortschr Med 2015; 157:10. [PMID: 26289860 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-015-3390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
44
|
Bhatt DL, Nicholls M. Deepak L. Bhatt MD, MPH: an inquisitive mind for solutions useful to the practicing physician. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:1940-1. [PMID: 26254286 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
45
|
Voracek M, Rieder S, Stieger S, Swami V. What's in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131795. [PMID: 26161803 PMCID: PMC4498760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies) in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors) was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20532) of men’s national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories) was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects), and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Voracek
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephan Rieder
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Viren Swami
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, HELP University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sisk S. See what Sam Wexler has been collecting. CDS Rev 2015; 108:24-25. [PMID: 26364493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Abstract
We report about a 44-year old patient with severe acute hepatitis E after herbage walking-to ur. Transmission occurred with ingestion of contaminated herbs. Symptoms were jaundice, dark urine, rheumatic pains and distinctive fatigue. We could document a benign self-limiting course under regular clinical controls. Hepatitis Eisa worldwide common cause for acute hepatitis with jaundice. In Switzerland contamination of this autochthonic infection is aquired by consumption of pork and venison (seroprevalence up to 22%). Infection can be without symptoms but also can result in acute liver failure. Extrahepatic symptoms are not uncommon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Sawatzki
- 1 Klinik für Gastroenterologie und Innere Medizin, Spital Rorschach, Kantonsspital St. Gallen
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Winging it. Minn Med 2015; 98:5-6. [PMID: 26168649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
50
|
Preiskel H. Spitfire--a dream birthday present. Dent Update 2015; 42:294. [PMID: 26076551 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2015.42.3.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|