Berdyshev E, Goleva E, Bronova I, Bronoff AS, Hoffman BC, Ramirez-Gama MA, Garcia SL, Crumrine D, Elias PM, Cho CB, Leung DYM. Unique skin abnormality in patients with peanut allergy but no atopic dermatitis.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020;
147:361-367.e1. [PMID:
32615171 DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2020.06.015]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The nonlesional skin of children with atopic dermatitis (AD) with peanut allergy (PA) is associated with increased transepidermal water loss; low urocanic acid (UCA) and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA), both of which are filaggrin breakdown products; and a reduced ratio of esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acid sphingosine ceramides (EOS-CERs) to nonhydroxy fatty acid sphingosine ceramides (NS-CERs) in the skin. The skin barrier of subjects with PA without AD (AD-PA+) has not been studied.
OBJECTIVE
Our aim was to explore whether AD-PA+ is associated with skin barrier abnormalities.
METHODS
A total of 33 participants were enrolled, including 13 AD-PA+, 9 AD+PA+, and 11 nonatopic (NA) participants.
RESULTS
The PCA content in the stratum corneum of AD-PA+ subjects was significantly reduced versus that in NA subjects (median level, 67 vs 97 μg/mg protein [P = .028]). The ratio between cis- and trans-UCA decreased significantly from being highest in the NA group (1.62) to lowest in AD+PA+ group (0.07 [P < .001 vs in the NA group; P = .006 vs in the AD-PA+ group]), with the AD-PA+ group having an intermediate cis/trans-UCA ratio (1.17 [P = .024 vs in the NA group]). The TEWL in AD-PA+ subjects did not differ from that in the group with NA skin. Interestingly, AD-PA+ subjects had an increased EOS/NS-CER ratio versus that in the group of subjects with NA skin (1.9 vs 1.3 [P = .008]), whereas the AD+PA+ group had a decreased proportion of EOS-CERs (0.8 [P = .001] vs in the AD-PA+ group).
CONCLUSION
Our data demonstrate that irrespective of AD, PA is associated with decreased skin cis-UCA and PCA content. An increase in skin EOS-CER/NS-CER ratio separates the AD-PA+ group from the AD+PA+ and NA groups.
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