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Nakajima E, Kudo Y, Maehara S, Furumoto H, Matsubayashi J, Shimada Y, Hagiwara M, Nagao T, Ohira T, Ikeda N. Ruptured mediastinal mature teratoma causing severe mediastinitis: report of a surgically resected case and a literature review. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:48. [PMID: 33591407 PMCID: PMC7886921 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mediastinal teratomas occasionally rupture into the thoracic cavity, which induces mediastinitis or various other severe complications. Surgical treatment is crucial for ruptured teratomas; however, few literature reviews to date have addressed the characteristics of ruptured mediastinal teratomas. Case presentation We report a 29-year-old woman with severe mediastinitis owing to a mediastinal mature teratoma that ruptured into the mediastinum and right pleural cavity. Surgical resection by median sternotomy was performed within 24 hours after emergency admission. Intraoperative findings demonstrated the ruptured wall of the tumor with exposure of its white contents, which appeared similar to skin and fat, and necrotic tissue in the anterior mediastinum. The tumor was adhered to the right upper lobe, the ascending aorta, and pericardium. Owing to the severe adhesion of the tumor caused by inflammation in the surrounding tissues, a small portion of the tumor could not be removed, and hence complete resection with a sufficient surgical margin was not achieved. Pathologically, the tumor consisted of a solid mass and a cystic mass with severe adhesion to the resected portion of the lung, which included skin and lipid tissue. The tumor was concluded to be a mature teratoma as neither an immature component nor malignant transformation was observed. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the report of successful surgical resection of a ruptured mediastinal teratoma causing severe mediastinitis, with the first literature review of ruptured mediastinal teratomas. We also discuss relevant findings from reports in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Nakajima
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yujin Kudo
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Sachio Maehara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Furumoto
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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Suetsugu K, Matsubayashi J. Evidence for mycorrhizal cheating in Apostasia nipponica, an early-diverging member of the Orchidaceae. New Phytol 2021; 229:2302-2310. [PMID: 33118174 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Most land plants, from liverworts to angiosperms, form mutualistic mycorrhizal symbioses with fungal partners. However, several plants known as mycoheterotrophs exploit fungal partners by reversing the polarity of carbon movement, which usually moves from plant to fungus. We investigated the physiological ecology of a photosynthetic orchid, Apostasia nipponica, which belongs to the first branching group within the Orchidaceae, to improve our understanding of mycoheterotrophic evolution in orchids. The fungal symbionts and nutrition modes of A. nipponica were investigated using molecular barcoding and carbon-13 (13 C) and nitrogen-15 (15 N) measurements, respectively. Community profiling based on a metabarcoding technique revealed that A. nipponica associates with specific Ceratobasidium spp. within ectomycorrhizas-forming clades, whereas isotope analysis revealed that A. nipponica was similar to fully mycoheterotrophic orchids in its 13 C signature and was even more enriched in 15 N than most of the fully mycoheterotrophic orchids that exploit ectomycorrhizal fungi. Our molecular and mass-spectrometric approaches demonstrated, for the first time, that a member of the Apostasioideae, the earliest-diverging lineage of the Orchidaceae, gains carbon through both photosynthesis and fungal cheating (i.e. partial mycoheterotrophy) during the adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Integrated Science and Engineering for Sustainable Societies, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
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Kitazawa H, Fujii S, Ishiyama H, Matsubayashi J, Ishikawa A, Yamada S, Takakuwa T. Nascent nephrons during human embryonic development: Spatial distribution and relationship with urinary collecting system. J Anat 2021; 238:455-466. [PMID: 32888205 PMCID: PMC7812128 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The two major components of the metanephros, the urinary collecting system (UCS) and nephron, have different developmental courses. Nephron numbers vary widely between species and individuals and are determined during fetal development. Furthermore, the development of nascent nephrons may contribute to the expansion of the proximal part of the UCS. This study investigated the distribution of nascent nephrons and their interrelationship with UCS branches during human embryogenesis. We obtained samples from 31 human embryos between Carnegie stages (CSs) 19 and 23 from the Kyoto Collection at the Congenital Anomaly Research Center of Kyoto University in Japan. Serial histological sections of the metanephros with the UCS were digitalized and computationally reconstructed for morphological and quantitative analyses. The three-dimensional (3D) coordinates for the positions of all UCS branch points, end points, attachment points to nascent nephrons (APs), and renal corpuscles (RCs) were recorded and related to the developmental phase. Phases were categorized from phase 1 to phase 5 according to the histological analysis. The UCS branching continued until RCs first appeared (at CS19). End branches with attached nascent nephrons (EB-AP[+]) were observed after CS19 during the fifth generation or higher during the embryonic period. The range of end branch and EB-AP(+) generation numbers was broad, and the number of RCs increased with the embryonic stage, reaching 273.8 ± 104.2 at CS23. The number of RCs connected to the UCS exceeded the number not connected to the UCS by CS23. The 3D reconstructions revealed RCs to be distributed around end branches, close to the surface of the metanephros. The RCs connected to the UCS were located away from the surface. The APs remained near the end point, whereas connecting ducts that become renal tubules were found to elongate with maturation of the RCs. Nascent nephrons in RC phases 3-5 were preferentially attached to the end branches at CS22 and CS23. The mean generation number of EB-AP(-) was higher than that of EB-AP(+) in 19 of 22 metanephros and was statistically significant for eight metanephros at CS22 and CS23. The ratio of the deviated branching pattern was almost constant (29%). The ratio of the even branching pattern with EB-AP(+) and EB-AP(+) to the total even branching pattern increased with CS (9.2% at CS21, 19.2% at CS22, and 45.4% at CS23). Our data suggest the following: EB-AP(+) may not branch further at the tip (i.e., by tip splitting), but branching beneath the AP (lateral branching) continues throughout the embryonic stages. Our study provides valuable data that can further the understanding of the interactions between the UCS and nascent nephrons during human embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Kitazawa
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Sena Fujii
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hana Ishiyama
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Aoi Ishikawa
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan,Congenital Anomaly Research CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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Fujii S, Muranaka T, Matsubayashi J, Yamada S, Yoneyama A, Takakuwa T. Bronchial tree of the human embryo: Categorization of the branching mode as monopodial and dipodial. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245558. [PMID: 33449967 PMCID: PMC7810312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Some human organs are composed of bifurcated structures. Two simple branching modes—monopodial and dipodial—have been proposed. With monopodial branching, child branches extend from the sidewall of the parent branch. With dipodial branching, the tip of the bronchus bifurcates. However, the branching modes of the human bronchial tree have not been elucidated precisely. A total of 48 samples between Carnegie stage (CS) 15 and CS23 belonging to the Kyoto Collection were used to acquire imaging data with phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography. Bronchial trees of all samples were three-dimensionally reconstructed from the image data. We analyzed the lobar bronchus, segmental bronchus, and subsegmental bronchus. After calculating each bronchus length, we categorized the branching mode of the analyzed bronchi based on whether the parent bronchus was divided after generation of the analyzed bronchi. All lobar bronchi were formed with monopodial branching. Twenty-five bifurcations were analyzed to categorize the branching mode of the segmental and subsegmental bronchi; 22 bifurcations were categorized as monopodial branching, two bifurcations were not categorized as any branching pattern, and the only lingular bronchus that bifurcated from the left superior lobar bronchus was categorized as dipodial branching. The left superior lobar bronchus did not shorten during the period from CS17 or CS18, when the child branch was generated, to CS23. All analyzed bronchi that could be categorized, except for one, were categorized as monopodial branching. The branching modes of the lobar bronchus and segmental bronchus were similar in the mouse lung and human lung; however, the modes of the subsegmental bronchi were different. Furthermore, remodeling, such as shrinkage of the bronchus, was not observed during the analysis period. Our three-dimensional reconstructions allowed precise calculation of the bronchus length, thereby improving the knowledge of branching morphogenesis in the human embryonic lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Fujii
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiga Muranaka
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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55
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Osawa J, Shimada Y, Maehara S, Hagiwara M, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Ikeda N. Clinical usefulness of the 3-tier classification according to the proportion of morphological patterns for patients with pathological stage I invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 69:943-949. [PMID: 33385289 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-020-01559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We classified pathological stage I invasive lung adenocarcinomas according to our 3-tier classification, which was based on the proportion of invasive morphological patterns as follows: (1) patients with each predominant subtype, (2) those with a minor histological subtype, even not the predominant subtype and (3) those without each invasive component. We aimed to evaluate the classification's clinical impact in survival, recurrence, malignant grade, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutational status. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,269 patients with p-stage I lung adenocarcinoma underwent curative surgical resection between January 2008 and December 2017. Of these, 620 patients (48.9%) met the inclusion criteria of this study. RESULTS Postoperative recurrence was observed in 81 patients (13.1%). Multivariate analysis showed that vascular invasion (hazard ratio, 2.61; p < 0.001) and p-stage IB (hazard ratio, 2.19; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with an unfavorable RFS, while the presence of acinar component (hazard ratio, 1.64; p = 0.052) or solid component (hazard ratio, 1.60; p = 0.074) were marginally significant. The presence of lepidic or papillary component and the absence of acinar or solid component significantly correlated with an increased proportion of lung adenocarcinomas harboring EGFR mutations. CONCLUSION In patients with p-stage I invasive lung adenocarcinoma, it is beneficial to use not only the predominant subtype but analyzing the extent of each histological component based on our classification to predict patient prognoses and form appropriate postoperative follow-up methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Osawa
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Sachio Maehara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kakihana
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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Murata K, Endo K, Aihara T, Matsuoka Y, Nishimura H, Suzuki H, Sawaji Y, Yamamoto K, Fukami S, Tanigawa M, Matsubayashi J, Nagao T, Imai R. Salvage carbon ion radiotherapy for recurrent solitary fibrous tumor: A case report and literature review. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2020; 28:2309499019896099. [PMID: 32101079 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019896099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant solitary fibrous tumor (MSFT) arising from the spinal cord is extremely rare and poorly understood mesenchymal neoplasms: only a few MSFT in the spinal canal has been described. We describe the clinical course of the patient with MSFT arising from the thoracic spinal cord. CASE REPORT We describe the clinical course of the patient and the radiological and pathological findings of the tumor. The tumor had been resected by microscopic posterior approach and video-assisted thoracic surgery, but local recurrence was observed by MRI at 1-year follow-up period. No metastatic lesion was confirmed. Then, carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) was administered to the recurrent lesion. Local suppression has been observed for 40 months after irradiation. CONCLUSION Dumbbell-shaped MSFT arising from thoracic spinal cord is a highly unusual presentation. CIRT might be effective for treatment of recurrent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Murata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takato Aihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Sawaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Fukami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Tanigawa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Imai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Tanaka T, Saito K, Yunaiyama D, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y, Tanigawa M, Nagao T. Diffusion-weighted imaging might be useful for reactive lymphoid hyperplasia diagnosis of the liver: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:5313-5319. [PMID: 33269264 PMCID: PMC7674723 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i21.5313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) of the liver is a rare liver lesion. It is considered difficult to differentiate radiologically from hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic liver tumor and other pathologies.
CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old woman presented to our hospital with RLH of the liver. The patient had a diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma of the liver from an unknown origin and subsequently underwent partial hepatectomy. However, histopathological analysis revealed RLH. The lesion showed perinodular enhancement in the arterial phase on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), we encountered linear hyperintensity along the portal tract consecutive to the liver lesion, which is a new characteristic radiologic finding. This finding corresponded to the lymphoid cell infiltration of the portal tract. Furthermore, there was strongly restricted diffusion on the apparent diffusion coefficient map. We used these characteristic radiologic findings to diagnose the lesion as a lymphoproliferative disease.
CONCLUSION The linear hyperintensity consecutive to the liver lesion on DWI provided additional valuable diagnostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Tanaka
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Saito
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yunaiyama
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Maki Tanigawa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
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Suetsugu K, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Some mycoheterotrophic orchids depend on carbon from dead wood: novel evidence from a radiocarbon approach. New Phytol 2020; 227:1519-1529. [PMID: 31985062 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Mycoheterotrophic plants depend entirely on fungal associations for organic nutrients. While most mycoheterotrophic plants are associated with the mycorrhizal partners of surrounding green plants, some mycoheterotrophs are believed to obtain carbon from decaying litter or dead wood by parasitising saprotrophic fungi, based on culture experiments and 13 C and 15 N isotopic signatures. The carbon age (the time since carbon was fixed from atmospheric CO2 by photosynthesis) can be estimated by measuring the concentration of 14 C arising from the bomb tests of the 1950s and 1960s. Given that mycorrhizal fungi obtain photosynthate from their plant partners, and saprotrophic wood-decaying fungi obtain carbon from older sources, radiocarbon could represent a new and powerful tool to investigate carbon sources of mycoheterotrophic plants. We showed that the Δ14 C values of mycoheterotrophs exploiting ectomycorrhizal fungi were close to 0‰, similar to those of autotrophic plants. By contrast, the Δ14 C values of mycoheterotrophs exploiting saprotrophic fungi ranged from 110.7‰ to 324.8‰, due to the 14 C-enriched bomb carbon from dead wood via saprotrophic fungi. Our study provides evidence supporting that some mycoheterotrophic orchids depend on forest woody debris. Our study also indicates that radiocarbon could be used to predict the trophic strategies of mycoheterotroph-associated fungal symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
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Suetsugu K, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Use of radiocarbon for assessing the mycorrhizal status of mycoheterotrophic plants. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1785667. [PMID: 32662722 PMCID: PMC8550180 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1785667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mycoheterotrophic plants are non-photosynthetic plants that obtain nutrients from fungi. Even though most of these plants are associated with the mycorrhizal partners of surrounding photosynthetic plants, recent studies have suggested that some mycoheterotrophic orchids indirectly obtain carbon from decaying organic matter through associations with saprotrophic fungi. However, such suggestions have been based primarily on indirect evidence, such as the 13C and 15N abundances of fungi and plants. It was recently reported that some mycoheterotrophs yield elevated Δ14C values, owing to the indirect acquisition of 14C-enriched bomb carbon from dead wood. The approach was based on the anthropogenic change of Δ14C values; atmospheric CO2 were globally elevated by nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s and early 1960s, but have steadily declined since its peak after the atmospheric nuclear test ban treaty of 1963. The study has provided novel evidence that mycoheterotrophic plants can exploit both mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi. We suggest that the radiocarbon analysis is also useful for investigating the nutritional modes of mixotrophic plants as well as for investigating whether the recruitment of wood-decaying fungi into novel mycorrhizal partnerships preceded the evolution of full mycoheterotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Integrated Science and Engineering for Sustainable Society, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Suetsugu K, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Some mycoheterotrophic orchids depend on carbon from dead wood: novel evidence from a radiocarbon approach. New Phytol 2020; 227:1519-1529. [PMID: 31985062 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mycoheterotrophic plants depend entirely on fungal associations for organic nutrients. While most mycoheterotrophic plants are associated with the mycorrhizal partners of surrounding green plants, some mycoheterotrophs are believed to obtain carbon from decaying litter or dead wood by parasitising saprotrophic fungi, based on culture experiments and 13 C and 15 N isotopic signatures. The carbon age (the time since carbon was fixed from atmospheric CO2 by photosynthesis) can be estimated by measuring the concentration of 14 C arising from the bomb tests of the 1950s and 1960s. Given that mycorrhizal fungi obtain photosynthate from their plant partners, and saprotrophic wood-decaying fungi obtain carbon from older sources, radiocarbon could represent a new and powerful tool to investigate carbon sources of mycoheterotrophic plants. We showed that the Δ14 C values of mycoheterotrophs exploiting ectomycorrhizal fungi were close to 0‰, similar to those of autotrophic plants. By contrast, the Δ14 C values of mycoheterotrophs exploiting saprotrophic fungi ranged from 110.7‰ to 324.8‰, due to the 14 C-enriched bomb carbon from dead wood via saprotrophic fungi. Our study provides evidence supporting that some mycoheterotrophic orchids depend on forest woody debris. Our study also indicates that radiocarbon could be used to predict the trophic strategies of mycoheterotroph-associated fungal symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
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Fujii S, Muranaka T, Matsubayashi J, Yamada S, Yoneyama A, Takakuwa T. The bronchial tree of the human embryo: an analysis of variations in the bronchial segments. J Anat 2020; 237:311-322. [PMID: 32285469 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A classical study has revealed the general growth of the bronchial tree and its variations up to Carnegie stage (CS) 19. In the present study, we extended the morphological analysis CS by CS until the end of the embryonic period (CS23). A total of 48 samples between CS15 and CS23 belonging to the Kyoto Collection were used to acquire imaging data by performing phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography. Three-dimensionally reconstructed bronchial trees revealed the timeline of morphogenesis during the embryonic period. Structures of the trachea and lobar bronchus showed no individual difference during the analyzed stages. The right superior lobar bronchus was formed after the generation of both the right middle lobar bronchus and the left superior lobar bronchus. The speed of formation of the segmental bronchi, sub-segmental bronchi, and further generation seemed to vary among individual samples. The distribution of the end-branch generation among five lobes was significantly different. The median branching generation value in the right middle lobe was significantly low compared with that of the other four lobes, whereas that of the right inferior lobe was significantly larger than that of both the right and left superior lobes. Variations found between CS20 and CS23 were all described in the human adult lung, indicating that variation in the bronchial tree may well arise during the embryonic period and continue throughout life. The data provided may contribute to a better understanding of bronchial tree formation during the human embryonic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Fujii
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiga Muranaka
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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62
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Shutoh K, Tajima Y, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I, Kato S, Shiga T, Suetsugu K. Evidence for newly discovered albino mutants in a pyroloid: implication for the nutritional mode in the genus Pyrola. Am J Bot 2020; 107:650-657. [PMID: 32304099 PMCID: PMC7216931 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Difficulties in comparing extremely divergent features in fully mycoheterotrophic plants with those in closely related chlorophyllous plants have complicated attempts to reveal the evolutionary patterns and processes of fully mycoheterotrophic plants. Albino mutants of partially mycoheterotrophic plants, generally observed in Orchidaceae, have provided an ideal model for investigating the evolution of mycoheterotrophy within similar genetic backgrounds. In 2018, we found a putative albino population of Pyrola (Ericaceae). Here we aimed to reveal the identity of the albino pyroloid and confirm its fully mycoheterotrophic status. METHODS To reveal the putative albino pyroloid's identity, we examined its morphology and sequenced its chloroplast DNA. In addition, we assessed the trophic status of the putative albino pyroloid by analyzing chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll concentration, and natural 13 C and 15 N abundances. RESULTS We identified albino individuals as P. japonica-otherwise a partially mycoheterotrophic species. We confirmed their albino status by their considerably lower chlorophyll fluorescence and concentrations than those of sympatrically occurring chlorophyllous plants. 13 C abundance in the albino individuals was significantly higher than in the green individuals of P. japonica. CONCLUSIONS This first report of albino mutants from partially mycoheterotrophic species in angiosperms other than orchids will play a valuable role in further studies focused on mycoheterotrophy. For instance, their δ13 C and δ15 N values represent a reference for fully mycoheterotrophic plants in Pyrola. Our findings also indicate the strong dependence of some leafy Pyrola species on fungal C during their entire life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohtaroh Shutoh
- The Hokkaido University MuseumHokkaido UniversityKita 10, Nishi 8, Kita‐kuSapporoHokkaido060‐0810Japan
| | | | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of BiogeochemistryJapan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology2‐15 Natsushima‐choYokosukaKanagawa237‐0061Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature457‐4 Motoyama, KamigamoKita‐kuKyoto603‐8047Japan
| | - Syou Kato
- Faculty of EducationNiigata University2‐8050, IkarashiNishi‐kuNiigata950‐2181Japan
| | - Takashi Shiga
- Faculty of EducationNiigata University2‐8050, IkarashiNishi‐kuNiigata950‐2181Japan
| | - Kenji Suetsugu
- Graduate School of ScienceKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐kuKobeHyogo657‐8501Japan
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63
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Hiroshima K, Yoshizawa A, Takenaka A, Haba R, Kawahara K, Minami Y, Kakinuma H, Shibuki Y, Miyake S, Kajio K, Miyamoto K, Nagatomo M, Nishimura S, Mano M, Matsubayashi J, Motoi N, Nagao T, Nakatsuka SI, Yoshida T, Satoh Y. Cytology Reporting System for Lung Cancer from the Japan Lung Cancer Society and Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology: An Interobserver Reproducibility Study and Risk of Malignancy Evaluation on Cytology Specimens. Acta Cytol 2020; 64:452-462. [PMID: 32222718 DOI: 10.1159/000506431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The classification of lung carcinoma is based on small biopsies and/or cytology in 80% of patients with non-small cell carcinoma. However, there is no widely accepted classification system for respiratory cytology. The Japan Lung Cancer Society (JLCS) and Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology (JSCC) have proposed a new four-tiered cytology reporting system for lung carcinoma with the following categories: (1) "negative for malignancy," (2) "atypical cells," (3) "suspicious for malignancy," and (4) "malignancy." OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to perform an interobserver reproducibility study to confirm the utility of the four-tiered reporting system on respiratory cytological samples. METHODS We analyzed 90 cytological samples obtained with bronchoscopy. Seven observers classified these cases into each category by reviewing one Papanicolaou-stained slide per case according to the three-, four-, and five-tiered reporting systems. RESULTS The interobserver agreement was fair in the three- (κ = 0.50), four- (κ = 0.45), and five-tiered (κ = 0.45) reporting systems. However, the four-tiered reporting system provided more precise information than the three-tiered reporting system in patient management. The risk of malignancy in the four-tiered reporting system was also stratified well: 19.3% for "negative for malignancy," 45.6% for "atypical cells," 74.7% for "suspicious for malignancy," and 88.1% for "malignancy." CONCLUSIONS The reporting system proposed by the JLCS and JSCC was designed to enhance the communication between clinicians and pathologists and among different institutions. It is simple and applicable to cytological diagnosis of any respiratory diseases. We propose establishing an international classification for respiratory cytology, harmonizing the reporting systems proposed by different countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Hiroshima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan,
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan,
- Sodegaura Satsukidai Hospital, Sodegaura, Japan,
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akemi Takenaka
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reiji Haba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Minami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Organization Hospital Ibarakihigashi National Hospital, The Center of Chest Diseases and Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirokuni Kakinuma
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shibuki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Miyake
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology Division, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Kajio
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Moe Nagatomo
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sanako Nishimura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mano
- Department of Central Laboratory and Surgical Pathology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Motoi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Nakatsuka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Satoh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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64
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Matsubayashi J, Osada Y, Tadokoro K, Abe Y, Yamaguchi A, Shirai K, Honda K, Yoshikawa C, Ogawa NO, Ohkouchi N, Ishikawa NF, Nagata T, Miyamoto H, Nishino S, Tayasu I. Tracking long-distance migration of marine fishes using compound-specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:881-890. [PMID: 32212213 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The long-distance migrations by marine fishes are difficult to track by field observation. Here, we propose a new method to track such migrations using stable nitrogen isotopic composition at the base of the food web (δ15 NBase ), which can be estimated by using compound-specific isotope analysis. δ15 NBase exclusively reflects the δ15 N of nitrate in the ocean at a regional scale and is not affected by the trophic position of sampled organisms. In other words, δ15 NBase allows for direct comparison of isotope ratios between proxy organisms of the isoscape and the target migratory animal. We initially constructed a δ15 NBase isoscape in the northern North Pacific by bulk and compound-specific isotope analyses of copepods (n = 360 and 24, respectively), and then we determined retrospective δ15 NBase values of spawning chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from their vertebral centra (10 sections from each of two salmon). We then estimated the migration routes of chum salmon during their skeletal growth by using a state-space model. Our isotope tracking method successfully reproduced a known chum salmon migration route between the Okhotsk and Bering seas, and our findings suggest the presence of a new migration route to the Bering Sea Shelf during a later growth stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsubayashi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.,Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osada
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tadokoro
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 3-27-5, Shinhama-cho, Shiogama, Miyagi, 985-0001, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Abe
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minatomachi, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan.,Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minatomachi, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirai
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Kentaro Honda
- Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-2 Nakanoshima, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0922, Japan
| | - Chisato Yoshikawa
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Nanako O Ogawa
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Naohiko Ohkouchi
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Naoto F Ishikawa
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Toshi Nagata
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Miyamoto
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 3-27-5, Shinhama-cho, Shiogama, Miyagi, 985-0001, Japan
| | - Shigeto Nishino
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
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65
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Suetsugu K, Matsubayashi J, Ogawa NO, Murata S, Sato R, Tomimatsu H. Isotopic evidence of arbuscular mycorrhizal cheating in a grassland gentian species. Oecologia 2020; 192:929-937. [PMID: 32172377 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
All orchids and pyroloids are mycoheterotrophic at least in the early stage. Many species are predisposed to mycoheterotrophic nutrition even in the adult stage, due to the initial mycoheterotrophy during germination. Although other green plants, such as gentian species, also produce numerous minute seeds, whose germination may depend on fungal associations to meet C demands, physiological evidence for partial mycoheterotrophy in the adult stage is lacking for most candidate taxa. Here, we compared the natural abundances of 13C and 15N isotopes in the AM-associated gentian species Pterygocalyx volubilis growing in high-light-intensity habitats with those of co-occurring autotrophic C3 and C4 plants and AM fungal spores. We found that P. volubilis was significantly enriched in 13C compared with the surrounding C3 plants, which suggests the transfer of some C from the surrounding autotrophic plants through shared AM networks. In addition, the intermediate δ15N values of P. volubilis, between those of autotrophic plants and AM fungal spores, provide further evidence for partial mycoheterotrophy in P. volubilis. Although it is often considered that light deficiency selects partial mycoheterotrophy, we show that partial mycoheterotrophy in AM-forming plants can evolve even under light-saturated conditions. The fact that there have been relatively few descriptions of partial mycoheterotrophy in AM plants may not necessarily reflect the rarity of such associations. In conclusion, partial mycoheterotrophy in AM plants may be more common than hitherto believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nanako O Ogawa
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoe Murata
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Risa Sato
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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66
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Obikane H, Fujiyoshi T, Takahashi S, Ogino H, Matsubayashi J, Nagao T, Ishibashi-Ueda H. Giant cell arteritis in a patient with aortic dissection: a case report. Cardiovasc Pathol 2020; 46:107206. [PMID: 32062108 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2020.107206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic lesions, such as an aortic aneurysm, are known as a late complication that usually occurs several years after the onset of giant cell arteritis. Here, we report a rare case of large-vessel giant cell arteritis in a patient with aortic dissection. A 71-year-old man presented with acute back pain and was diagnosed with aortic dissection, Stanford type A, and he underwent elective ascending aortic replacement. Further studies showed that the resected ascending aorta had aortic dissection and multinucleated giant cell granulomas; the granulomas were located in the media near the intima with partial destruction of the internal elastic lamina; there was no stenosis of the feeding blood vessel or fibrosis of the adventitia as observed in Takayasu arteritis; other types of vasculitis were considered unlikely based on the symptoms and laboratory data. The patient was further diagnosed with giant cell arteritis, which was classified as a large vessel vasculitis along with Takayasu arteritis at the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference in 2012. This is a rare case of giant cell arteritis diagnosed in a patient with aortic dissection. The differences in histopathological findings between Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyo Obikane
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Fujiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ogino
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda
- Department of Pathology and Biobank, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, 564-8565, Japan
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67
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Shimada Y, Kudo Y, Maehara S, Matsubayashi J, Otaki Y, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Minna JD, Ikeda N. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 has prognostic relevance and is a therapeutic target for high-grade neuroendocrine lung cancers. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:610-620. [PMID: 31845438 PMCID: PMC7004527 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade neuroendocrine lung cancer (HGNEC), which includes small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is a rapidly proliferating, aggressive form of lung cancer. The initial standard chemotherapeutic regimens of platinum doublets are recommended for SCLC and have been frequently used for LCNEC. However, there are currently no molecularly targeted agents with proven clinical benefit for this disease. The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) is a neuroendocrine cell-specific product that is known as a potential oncogene in several types of cancer, but little is known about the biological function of UCHL1 and its therapeutic potential in HGNEC. In this study, we found that preclinical efficacy evoked by targeting UCHL1 was relevant to prognosis in HGNEC. UCHL1 was found to be expressed in HGNEC, particularly in cell lines and patient samples of SCLC, and the combined use of platinum doublets with selective UCHL1 inhibitors improved its therapeutic response in vitro. Immunohistochemical expression of UCHL1 was significantly associated with postoperative survival in patients with HGNEC and contributed towards distinguishing SCLC from LCNEC. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EV), including exosomes isolated from lung cancer cell lines and serum from early-stage HGNEC, were verified by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Higher levels of UCHL1 mRNA in EV were found in the samples of patients with early-stage HGNEC than those with early-stage NSCLC and healthy donors' EV. Taken together, UCHL1 may be a potential prognostic marker and a promising druggable target for HGNEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yujin Kudo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachio Maehara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Otaki
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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68
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Kawaguchi Y, Okano T, Imai K, Maehara S, Maeda J, Yoshida K, Hagiwara M, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Ikeda N. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation subtype has differential effects on adjuvant chemotherapy for resected adenocarcinoma pathological stages II-III. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6451-6458. [PMID: 31807168 PMCID: PMC6876293 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations as a prognostic factor for postoperative patients with positive EGFR mutations treated with postoperative platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy (PBAC), and whether two common EGFR mutations exhibit different responses to PBAC. A total of 110 patients who underwent complete surgical resection were enrolled, and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated based on EGFR mutation status and PBAC. The 3 year OS rate in patient groups were as follows: Patients with EGFR mutations (MT) undergoing PBAC, 89.3%; MT patients without PBAC, 83.3%; wild-type (WT) patients with PBAC, 82.3%; and WT patients without PBAC, 62.2%. Statistically significant differences were observed between WT patients based on PBAC (P=0.026). No statistically significant differences were observed between MT patients with PBAC and MT patients without PBAC. On the basis of mutation subtypes, the 3 year OS rate of patient groups were as follows: Patients with in-frame deletions in exon19 (19 del) with PBAC, 92.3%; patients with 19 del without PBAC, 85.7%; patients with the point mutation L858R inexon21 (21L858R) with PBAC, 86.7%; and patients with 21L858R without PBAC, 81.5%; the respective 3-year DFS rates were 53.8, 14.3, 40.2 and 26.9%. Statistically significant differences were observed in the DFS rates in 19 del patients, which was dependent on PBAC (P=0.040). EGFR mutation-positive patients exhibited a decreased benefit from PBAC for increasing in survival rate compared with WT patients. It may be necessary to consider postoperative strategies based on EGFR mutations and their subtype in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kawaguchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okano
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Kentaro Imai
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Sachio Maehara
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Junichi Maeda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshida
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kakihana
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1600023, Japan
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69
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Nakaguro M, Urano M, Ogawa I, Hirai H, Yamamoto Y, Yamaguchi H, Tanigawa M, Matsubayashi J, Hirano H, Shibahara J, Tada Y, Tsuzuki T, Okada Y, Sato Y, Ikeda K, Sukeda A, Honda Y, Mikami Y, Nagao T. Histopathological evaluation of minor salivary gland papillary–cystic tumours: focus on genetic alterations in sialadenoma papilliferum and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Histopathology 2019; 76:411-422. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakaguro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Nagoya University Hospital Nagoya Japan
| | - Makoto Urano
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology School of Medicine Fujita Health University Toyoake Japan
| | - Ikuko Ogawa
- Centre of Oral Clinical Examination Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hideaki Hirai
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Maki Tanigawa
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirano
- Department of Pathology Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Centre Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Yuichiro Tada
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Yasuo Okada
- Department of Pathology The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata Niigata Japan
| | - Yuichiro Sato
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Niigata Cancer Centre Hospital Niigata Japan
| | | | - Aoi Sukeda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yumi Honda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology Kumamoto University Hospital Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology Kumamoto University Hospital Kumamoto Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomical Pathology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
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Suetsugu K, Yamato M, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Comparative study of nutritional mode and mycorrhizal fungi in green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid mainly utilizing saprotrophic rhizoctonia. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:4290-4299. [PMID: 31448451 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The majority of chlorophyllous orchids form mycorrhizal associations with so-called rhizoctonia fungi, a phylogenetically heterogeneous assemblage of predominantly saprotrophic fungi in Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae, and Serendipitaceae. It is still a matter of debate whether adult orchids mainly associated with rhizoctonia species are partially mycoheterotrophic. Here, we investigated the nutritional modes of green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid species considered to be mainly associated with Ceratobasidium spp., by measuring their 13 C and 15 N abundances, and by molecular barcoding of their mycorrhizal fungi. Molecular analysis revealed that both green and albino variants of G. velutina harbored a similar range of mycobionts, mainly saprotrophic Ceratobasidium spp., Tulasnella spp., and ectomycorrhizal Russula spp. In addition, stable isotope analysis revealed that albino variants were significantly enriched in 13 C but not so greatly in 15 N, suggesting that saprotrophic Ceratobasidium spp. and Tulasnella spp. are their main carbon source. However, in green variants, 13 C levels were depleted and those of 15 N were indistinguishable from the co-occurring autotrophic plants. Therefore, we concluded that the albino G. velutina variants are fully mycoheterotrophic plants whose C derives mainly from saprotrophic rhizoctonia, while the green G. velutina variants are mainly autotrophic plants, at least at our study site, in spite of their additional associations with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This is the first report demonstrating that adult nonphotosynthetic albino variants can obtain their nutrition mainly from nonectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
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71
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Matsubayashi J, Okuno K, Fujii S, Ishizu K, Yamada S, Yoneyama A, Takakuwa T. Human embryonic ribs all progress through common morphological forms irrespective of their position on the axis. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:1257-1263. [PMID: 31454117 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to analyze the morphogenesis of all ribs from 1st to 12th rib pairs plus vertebrae to compare their differences and features according to the position along the cranial-caudal axis during the human embryonic period. RESULTS Rib pair formation was analyzed using high-resolution digitalized imaging data (n = 29) between Carnegie stage (CS) 18 and CS23 (corresponding to ED13-14 in mouse; HH29-35 in chick). A total of 348 rib pairs, from 1st to 12th rib pairs of each sample were subjected to Procrustes and principal component (PC) analyses. PC1 and PC2 accounted for 76.3% and 16.4% (total 92.7%) of the total variance, respectively, indicating that two components mainly accounted for the change in shape. The distribution of PC1 and PC2 values for each rib showed a "fishhook-like shape" upon fitting to a quartic equation. PC1 and PC2 value position for each rib pair moved along the fitted curve according to the development. Thus, the change in PC1 and PC2 could be expressed by a single parameter using a fitted curve as a linear scale for shape. CONCLUSION Human embryonic ribs all progress through common morphological forms irrespective of their position on the axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kasumi Okuno
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sena Fujii
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ishizu
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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72
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Okuno K, Ishizu K, Matsubayashi J, Fujii S, Sakamoto R, Ishikawa A, Yamada S, Yoneyama A, Takakuwa T. Rib Cage Morphogenesis in the Human Embryo: A Detailed Three‐Dimensional Analysis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 302:2211-2223. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasumi Okuno
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Koichi Ishizu
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Sena Fujii
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Rino Sakamoto
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Aoi Ishikawa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Congenital Anomaly Research CenterGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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73
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Nakajima E, Sugita M, Furukawa K, Takahashi H, Uchida O, Kawaguchi Y, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Ikeda N, Hirsch FR, Franklin WA. Frequency and significance of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations detected by PCR methods in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5125-5131. [PMID: 31186726 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the most important driver gene of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as EGFR mutations determine the efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. In the present study, the comprehensive ability of widely used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to detect EGFR mutations was determined. Among the 35 EGFR mutations detected via the direct sequencing of 73 patients with NSCLC, 11 types were identified in exons 18, 19 and 21. Among the 11 mutation types, all exon 18 and 21 mutations were identified by 2 widely used PCR methods, namely, Scorpion-Amplification Refractory Mutation System and cobas v2. However, among the 9 different exon 19 deletions, 3 types were not identified by the 2 methods. In addition, 25 samples with EGFR mutations were analyzed by the 2 methods, including a sample from a patient with an unidentified exon 19 deletion, the T751_I759 deletion and insertion S; this patient had long-term disease control as a result of EGFR-TKI therapy. The 2 methods could not detect this unidentified deletion, whereas sizing capillary electrophoresis for the comprehensive detection of exon 19 deletions detected this deletion. It is generally thought that patients with exon 19 mutations have higher response rates to EGFR-TKI therapy than patients with exon 21 mutations. The present study confirmed the EGFR mutation status by comparing the mutations with the Catalog Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer, which is the world's largest and most comprehensive resource for analyzing the effects of somatic mutations in human cancers. The predicted frequency of EGFR mutations identified by the 2 methods was 85%. The frequency of mutations detectable by the 2 methods was less for exon 19 than exon 21. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that decreasing false-negative detection of exon 19 deletions is crucial for the clinical testing of EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Michio Sugita
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kinya Furukawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Takahashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Osamu Uchida
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Youhei Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wilbur A Franklin
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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74
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Sakai K, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Yoneshige A, Ito A, Mitsudomi T, Nagao T, Iwamatsu E, Katayama J, Ikeda N, Nishio K. Performance of Oncomine Fusion Transcript kit for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung cancer specimens. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2044-2049. [PMID: 30972901 PMCID: PMC6549924 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene fusions play an important role in the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. The recent association of four oncogenic driver genes, ALK, ROS1, RET, and NTRK1, as lung tumor predictive biomarkers has increased the need for precision medicine. We used formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue samples of non‐small cell lung cancer from 150 EGFR mutation‐negative cases and 10 fusion status‐known cases and compared the performance of the Oncomine Dx Fusion Transcript Test (ODxFT) with FISH break‐apart for the detection of ALK, RET, and ROS1 fusion genes. RNA was extracted from the paraffin‐embedded tissue samples with or without macrodissection under hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the ALK fusion gene was independently determined using these assays. Fusion detection analyses were successfully carried out using ODxFT in 150 cases, with only one invalid case. ALK fusion genes were detected at a frequency of 7.3% (11/150) in the lung cancer specimens. Concordance rate between the ODxFT and ALK‐FISH analyses was 99.3% (148/149). Sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 99.3%, respectively. All the samples with a known fusion status were accurately matched between the two assays. Our results show a high concordance rate between the ODxFT and ALK‐FISH analyses. ODxFT was thus validated as an effective method for detecting clinically significant ALK fusion genes in paraffin‐embedded tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azusa Yoneshige
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jin Katayama
- Diagnostic Partnering, Clinical Sequencing Division, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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75
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Matsubayashi J, Miyake S, Kudo Y, Shimada Y, Maeda J, Saji H, Kakihana M, Park J, Kajiwara N, Inoue S, Saito K, Ohira T, Ikeda N, Tokuuye K, Nagao T. Cytological differences between invasive and noninvasive or minimally invasive lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed in Japanese patients using needle biopsy specimens of pulmonary lesions ≤3 cm in diameter. Diagn Cytopathol 2019; 47:688-694. [PMID: 30968597 PMCID: PMC6618248 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background According to the WHO classification for lung cancer, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) have a better prognosis than invasive adenocarcinoma (IAD). However, detecting the foci of invasion in lung adenocarcinomas radiologically remains difficult. The present study examined whether or not differences in the cytological characteristics between IAD and AIS or MIA (noninvasive or minimally invasive adenocarcinomas [NMIAD]) plays a role in the differential diagnosis. Methods Seventy surgical resection specimens of primary lung adenocarcinoma with preoperative cytology, in which several parameters were evaluated and assessed. Results The histopathological diagnoses of surgical resection specimens were AIS in 8, MIA in 31, IAD in 31 including lepidic adenocarcinoma in 9, and papillary adenocarcinoma in 22. NMIAD had a 100% 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS), while IAD had an 82.8% 5‐year RFS. The numbers of tumor cells (at ×10 magnification in 10 fields) were 60.3 ± 40.5 in IAD and 39.8 ± 28.7 in NMIAD (P = 0.0017). A univariate analysis of cytological parameters revealed significant differences in large tumor cell clusters, three‐dimensional (3D) tumor cell clusters, and irregular nuclear contours between the two groups. The frequency of irregular nuclear contours continued to be significantly different according to a multivariate analysis. Conclusion Large or 3D tumor cell clusters and irregular nuclear contours may be important cytological factors for distinguishing IAD from NMIAD, with the latter being potentially more important for distinguishing between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Diagnostic Pathology Division, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Miyake
- Diagnostic Pathology Division, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Kudo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Maeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Saji
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Jinho Park
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Saito
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuuye
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Diagnostic Pathology Division, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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76
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Ota Y, Watanabe T, Takahashi K, Suda T, Tachibana S, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y, Osaka Y, Katsumata K, Tsuchida A. Bronchogenic cyst removal via thoracoscopic surgery in the prone position: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 60:204-208. [PMID: 31233965 PMCID: PMC6597694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mediastinal bronchogenic cysts are encountered relatively often, but in many cases, diagnosis using imaging modalities, is difficult. Early surgical excision of bronchogenic cysts is recommended as a diagnostic and therapeutic measure. Here, we report the case of patient with a lower mediastinal bronchogenic cyst, who was treated using thoracoscopic surgery with prone positioning and include a review of literature on diagnosis and treatment of this condition. PRESENTATION OF CASE The patient was a 66-year-old woman with an asymptomatic cystic lesion in the posterior, lower mediastinum. The lesion was diagnosed as an esophageal cyst using preoperative imaging and was scheduled for thoracoscopic removal with the patient in the prone position. Intraoperatively, the lesion was found to have no continuity with the esophageal wall and was easily separated from it. Moreover, a cord extending to the lesion, appeared to arise from the crura of the diaphragm. On histopathological examination of the extracted mass, the lesion was diagnosed as a bronchogenic cyst. Postoperatively, the patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after 7 days. CONCLUSION Thoracoscopic mediastinal cystectomy with the patient in the prone position may be an optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of bronchogenic cysts in the posterior, lower mediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ota
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Watanabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takahashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Tachibana
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Osaka
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Katsumata
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tsuchida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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77
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Kaneshige M, Shibata KI, Matsubayashi J, Mitani A, Furuta T. A Descending Circuit Derived From the Superior Colliculus Modulates Vibrissal Movements. Front Neural Circuits 2018; 12:100. [PMID: 30524249 PMCID: PMC6262173 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The superior colliculus (SC) is an essential structure for the control of eye movements. In rodents, the SC is also considered to play an important role in whisking behavior, in which animals actively move their vibrissae (mechanosensors) to gather tactile information about the space around them during exploration. We investigated how the SC contributes to vibrissal movement control. We found that when the SC was unilaterally lesioned, the resting position of the vibrissae shifted backward on the side contralateral to the lesion. The unilateral SC lesion also induced an increase in the whisking amplitude on the contralateral side. To explore the anatomical basis for SC involvement in vibrissal movement control, we then quantitatively evaluated axonal projections from the SC to the brainstem using neuronal labeling with a virus vector. Neurons of the SC mainly sent axons to the contralateral side in the lower brainstem. We found that the facial nucleus received input directly from the SC, and that the descending projections from the SC also reached the intermediate reticular formation and pre-Bötzinger complex, which are both considered to contain neural oscillators generating rhythmic movements of the vibrissae. Together, these results indicate the existence of a neural circuit in which the SC modulates vibrissal movements mainly on the contralateral side, via direct connections to motoneurons, and via indirect connections including the central pattern generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kaneshige
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Shibata
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Mitani
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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78
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Shimada Y, Furumoto H, Imai K, Masuno R, Matsubayashi J, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. Prognostic value of tumor solid-part size and solid-part volume in patients with clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:6491-6500. [PMID: 30746193 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.11.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to predict the malignant potential of clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (c-I NSCLC) by semiautomatic three-dimensional (3D) volumetric measurement of a tumor (3D-data) and the axial computed tomography (CT) data derived from a 3D volumetric dataset (2D-data). The predictive performance was evaluated in terms of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and pathological invasive factors (positive lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion, pleural invasion, or lymph node metastasis). Methods We identified 252 patients (122 male; mean age, 68 years; range, 23-84 years) with c-I NSCLC who underwent high resolution CT and reconstruction of 3D imaging, followed by complete resection between January 2012 and December 2015. In this study, 2D-data including whole tumor size (WTS) and solid-part size (SPS) and 3D-data including whole tumor volume (WTV) and solid-part volume (SPV) acquired by a 3D volume rendering software were analyzed. Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for WTS, SPS, WTV, SPV relevant to recurrence was 0.667, 0.727, 0.654, and 0.751 while analyses of ROC curves revealed optimal WTS, SPS, WTV, and SPV cut-off values to predict recurrence of 2.48 cm, 2.03 cm, 3,258 mm3 and 1,889 mm3, respectively. The association between SPS and SPV was the coefficient of determination (R 2) =0.59. Multivariate analysis showed that SPV >1,889 mm3 (P=0.016) and male (P=0.041) were significant predictors of OS whereas SPV >1,889 mm3 (P=0.001), male (P=0.003), and the serum carcinoembryonic antigen value (P=0.041) were significantly correlated with DFS. SPS, SPV as well as the combination of SPS and SPV were all significantly correlated with the prediction of OS and DFS, and the incidence of pathological invasive factors. Conclusions SPV and the integrated use of SPS and SPV was highly beneficial for the prediction of postoperative prognosis in c-I NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Furumoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Imai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Masuno
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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79
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Tanaka T, Shimada Y, Makino Y, Maeda J, Hagiwara M, Okano T, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Ikeda N. P1.16-17 The Role of Quantitative Metabolic Metrics on FDG-PET/CT in Predicting Pathological Invasive Factors in cN0 Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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80
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Sanada T, Park J, Hagiwara M, Ikeda N, Nagai T, Matsubayashi J, Saito K. CT and MRI findings of bronchopulmonary endometriosis: a case presentation. Acta Radiol Open 2018; 7:2058460118801164. [PMID: 30288301 PMCID: PMC6168730 DOI: 10.1177/2058460118801164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrathoracic endometriosis is classified into pleurodiaphragmatic endometriosis
and bronchopulmonary endometriosis. Bronchopulmonary endometriosis is rare.
Computed tomography (CT) findings of bronchopulmonary endometriosis are lung
nodules, with or without cavities, or surrounding ground-glass opacities.
Features vary with menstrual status. Recently, the usefulness of magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) was reported for diagnosis of intrathoracic
endometriosis, but most published reports were about pleurodiaphragmatic
endometriosis. We present CT and MRI findings of bronchopulmonary endometriosis
in the left lung that showed a gradually enlarging nodule with enhancing
area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Sanada
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinho Park
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagai
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Saito
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Ishiyama H, Ishikawa A, Kitazawa H, Fujii S, Matsubayashi J, Yamada S, Takakuwa T. Branching morphogenesis of the urinary collecting system in the human embryonic metanephros. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203623. [PMID: 30192900 PMCID: PMC6128595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An elaborate system of ducts collects urine from all nephrons, and this structure is known as the urinary collecting system (UCS). This study focused on how the UCS is formed during human embryogenesis. Fifty human embryos between the Carnegie stage (CS) 14 and CS23 were selected from the Kyoto Collection at the Congenital Anomaly Research Center of Kyoto University, Japan. Metanephroses, including the UCS, were segmented on serial digital virtual histological sections. Three-dimensional images were computationally reconstructed for morphological and quantitative analyses. A CS timeline was plotted. It consisted of the 3-D structural morphogenesis of UCS and quantification of the total amount of end-branching, average and maximum numbers of generations, deviation in the metanephros, differentiation of the urothelial epithelium in the renal pelvis, and timing of the rapid expansion of the renal pelvis. The first UCS branching generation occurred by CS16. The average branching generation reached a maximum of 8.74 ± 1.60 and was already the twelfth in CS23. The total end-branching number squared between the start and the end of the embryonic period. UCS would reach the fifteenth branching generation soon after CS23. The number of nephrons per UCS end-branch was low (0.21 ± 0.14 at CS19, 1.34 ± 0.49 at CS23), indicating that the bifid branching occurred rapidly and that the formation of nephrons followed after. The renal pelvis expanded mainly in CS23, which was earlier than that reported in a previous study. The number of nephrons connected to the UCS in the expanded group (246.0 ± 13.2) was significantly larger than that of the pre-expanded group (130.8 ± 80.1) (P < 0.05). The urothelial epithelium differentiated from the zeroth to the third generations at CS23. Differentiation may have continued up until the tenth generation to allow for renal pelvis expansion. The branching speed was not uniform. There were significantly more branching generations in the polar- than in the interpolar regions (P < 0.05). Branching speed reflects the growth orientation required to form the metanephros. Further study will be necessary to understand the renal pelvis expansion mechanism in CS23. Our CS-based timeline enabled us to map UCS formation and predict functional renal capacity after differentiation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ishiyama
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aoi Ishikawa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kitazawa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sena Fujii
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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82
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Eriguchi D, Shimada Y, Imai K, Furumoto H, Okano T, Masuno R, Matsubayashi J, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. Predictive accuracy of lepidic growth subtypes in early-stage adenocarcinoma of the lung by quantitative CT histogram and FDG-PET. Lung Cancer 2018; 125:14-21. [PMID: 30429012 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) to distinguish lepidic growth adenocarcinoma (LGA), including adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma, all of which have favorable survival outcomes, from the more aggressive and invasive non-LGA subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified 225 patients with c-0/I adenocarcinoma of the lung who underwent PET/CT and 3DCT followed by complete resection. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of FDG and several histogram parameters were analyzed. Histological grades were classified according to the predominant subtype (G1: lepidic; G3: micropapillary or solid; and G2: subtypes other than G1/G3). RESULTS The proportion of pathological invasive factors (lymphatic vessel involvement/blood vessel invasion/pleural invasion/lymph node metastasis) of patients with preinvasive adenocarcinoma, G1, G2, and G3 tumors were 0%, 3.6%, 48.0%, and 100%, respectively; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis with CT-related parameters demonstrated that 75th percentile CT attenuation value (75th%, p < 0.001) and maximum CT attenuation value (maxCT, p = 0.009) were associated with incidence of non-LGA, whereas the value of SUVmax demonstrated a significant correlation (p < 0.001). When all patients were dichotomized according to ground-glass opacities (GGO)/solid-dominancy for CT maximum diameter, a significant correlation with non-LGA was shown in patients with solid-dominant tumor on SUVmax (p < 0.001) and with GGO-dominant tumor on 75th% (p = 0.006) and maxCT (p = 0.007). The combination of one of the two significant histogram parameters and SUVmax revealed higher predictive performance for pathological high malignant features (positive pathological invasive factors, non-LGA, and the highly malignant subtype covering G2 with moderately or poorly-differentiated carcinoma and G3) than the individual use of either factor. CONCLUSION The 75th%, maxCT, and SUVmax were highly useful in distinguishing LGA from non-LGA in c-0/I adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kentaro Imai
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Okano
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Masuno
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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83
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Wang C, Oshima M, Sato D, Matsui H, Kubota S, Aoyama K, Nakajima-Takagi Y, Koide S, Matsubayashi J, Mochizuki-Kashio M, Nakano-Yokomizo T, Bai J, Nagao T, Kanai A, Iwama A, Sashida G. Ezh2 loss propagates hypermethylation at T cell differentiation-regulating genes to promote leukemic transformation. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3872-3886. [PMID: 30080177 PMCID: PMC6118644 DOI: 10.1172/jci94645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early T cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is a new pathological entity with poor outcomes in T cell ALL (T-ALL) that is characterized by a high incidence of loss-of-function mutations in polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) genes. We generated a mouse model of ETP-ALL by deleting Ezh2, one of the PRC2 genes, in p53-null hematopoietic cells. The loss of Ezh2 in p53-null hematopoietic cells impeded the differentiation of ETPs and eventually induced ETP-ALL-like disease in mice, indicating that PRC2 functions as a bona fide tumor suppressor in ETPs. A large portion of PRC2 target genes acquired DNA hypermethylation of their promoters following reductions in H3K27me3 levels upon the loss of Ezh2, which included pivotal T cell differentiation-regulating genes. The reactivation of a set of regulators by a DNA-demethylating agent, but not the transduction of single regulator genes, effectively induced the differentiation of ETP-ALL cells. Thus, PRC2 protects key T cell developmental regulators from DNA hypermethylation in order to keep them primed for activation upon subsequent differentiation phases, while its insufficiency predisposes ETPs to leukemic transformation. These results revealed a previously unrecognized epigenetic switch in response to PRC2 dysfunction and provide the basis for specific rational epigenetic therapy for ETP-ALL with PRC2 insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, and
| | - Sho Kubota
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Aoyama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koide
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Mochizuki-Kashio
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takako Nakano-Yokomizo
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jie Bai
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goro Sashida
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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84
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Saitoh Y, Nakano T, Shin K, Matsubayashi J, Kato Y, Amakawa H, Osada Y, Yoshimizu C, Okuda N, Amano Y, Togashi H, Kurita Y, Tayasu I. Utility of Nd isotope ratio as a tracer of marine animals: regional variation in coastal seas and causal factors. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Saitoh
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Takanori Nakano
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Ki‐Cheol Shin
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Amakawa
- Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology 2‐15, Natsushima‐cho Yokosuka Kanagawa 237‐0061 Japan
| | - Yutaka Osada
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Noboru Okuda
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Yosuke Amano
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Togashi
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurita
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
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85
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Harada TL, Saito K, Araki Y, Matsubayashi J, Nagao T, Sugimoto K, Tokuuye K. Prediction of high-stage liver fibrosis using ADC value on diffusion-weighted imaging and quantitative enhancement ratio at the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI at 1.5 T. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:509-516. [PMID: 28853292 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117725778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and quantitative enhancement ratio measured at the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as an effective method for evaluating liver fibrosis. Purpose To evaluate which is a more favorable surrogate marker in predicting high-stage liver fibrosis, apparently diffusion coefficient (ADC) value or quantitative enhancement ratio measured on HBP. Material and Methods Eighty-three patients with 99 surgically resected hepatic lesions were enrolled in this study. DWI was performed with b-values of 100 and 800 s/mm2. Regions of interest were set on ADC map, and the HBP of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, to calculate ADC value, liver-to-muscle ratio (LMR), liver-to-spleen ratio (LSR), and contrast enhancement index (CEI) of liver. We compared these parameters between low-stage fibrosis (F0, F1, and F2) and high-stage fibrosis (F3 and F4). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic performance when distinguishing low-stage fibrosis from high-stage fibrosis. Results LMR and CEI were significantly lower at high-stage fibrosis than at the low stage ( P < 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively), whereas LSR did not show a significant difference ( P = 0.053). No significant difference was observed in diagnostic performance between LMR and CEI ( P = 0.185). The best sensitivity and specificity, when an LMR of 2.80 or higher was considered to be low-stage fibrosis, were 82.4% and 75.6%, respectively. ADC value showed no significant differences among fibrosis grades ( P = 0.320). Conclusion LMR and CEI were both adequate surrogate parameters to distinguish high-stage fibrosis from low-stage fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyo L Harada
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Saito
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Araki
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuuye
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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86
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Shigefuku S, Kudo Y, Yunaiyama D, Matsubayashi J, Park J, Nagao T, Shimada Y, Saji H, Hagiwara M, Okano T, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. Prognostic factors for surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer with cavity formation. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:973-983. [PMID: 29607170 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Small pulmonary nodules have been detected frequently by computed tomography (CT). Lung cancers with cavity formation are also easily detected. There are a few reports focused on the cavity wall, although cancer cells exist along the cavity wall, not inside. We evaluated the impact of cavity wall thickness on prognosis and assessed the clinicopathological features in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with cavity formation. Methods Between 2005 and 2011, 1,313 patients underwent complete resection for NSCLC. Of these cases, we reviewed 65 patients (5.0%) diagnosed with NSCLC with cavity formation by chest CT. We classified the patients into three groups based on the maximum cavity wall thickness, namely, ≤4 mm (Group 1, 8 patients), >4 and ≤15 mm (Group 2, 33 patients), and >15 mm (Group 3, 24 patients). Results The number of patients with pathological whole tumor size >3 cm was 2 (25%) in Group 1, 17 (52%) in Group 2, and 23 (96%) in Group 3 (P<0.001). Cases with lymph node metastasis were 0 (0%) in Group 1, 5 (15%) in Group 2, and 10 (42%) in Group 3 (P=0.016). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 100% in Group 1, 84.0% in Group 2, and 52.0% in Group 3, with significant differences between Group 1 and Group 3 (P=0.044) and between Group 2 and Group 3 (P=0.034). In univariate analysis, neither whole tumor size nor lymph node metastasis was a prognostic factor for OS (P=0.51, P=0.27). Only cavity wall thickness was a significant prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P=0.009). Conclusions Maximum cavity wall thickness was an important prognostic factor in NSCLCs with cavity formation, comparable with other established prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yujin Kudo
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinho Park
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Saji
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okano
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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87
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Harada K, Maeda T, Matsubayashi J, Uchiyama M, Irisawa R, Go K, Tsuboi R. Centrifugal lipodystrophy of the scalp manifesting as centrifugal lipodystrophic alopecia. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 43:286-290. [PMID: 29266423 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal lipodystrophy (CLD), characterized by a depressed lesion in the abdominal skin, is a chronic disease occurring more often among younger patients of East Asian descent. We present an extremely unusual case of CLD of the scalp associated with reversible hair loss. The patient demonstrated alopecia in the frontal, temporal and occipital areas of the scalp, which connected to form a ring-shaped area of hair loss. Curiously, the area of hair loss gradually expanded outwards while the central region showed normal hair regrowth. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated reduced expression of leptin, an adipokine capable of inducing the anagen phase of the hair cycle, in the adipose tissue, associated with active inflammation. By contrast, recovery of leptin expression was observed at sites of healed inflammatory lesions, suggesting that reversible hair loss might be caused by a change in leptin expression in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Harada
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Maeda
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Uchiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Irisawa
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Go
- Dermatology GO Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Tsuboi
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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88
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Kakihana M, Maeda J, Matsubayashi J, Maehara S, Hagiwara M, Okano T, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Nagao T, Ikeda N. P1.01-041 Role of Re-Biopsy During Disease Progression Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer for Acquired Resistance Analysis and Directing Oncology Treatments. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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89
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Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Maehara S, Maeda J, Yoshida K, Hagiwara M, Kakihana M, Okano T, Kajiwara N, Nagao T, Ikeda N. P3.02-012 Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) Specimens Were Useful for EGFR Mutation Test. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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90
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Shigefuku S, Kudo Y, Yunaiyama D, Matsubayashi J, Park J, Nagao T, Shimada Y, Hagiwara M, Saji H, Okano T, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. P2.05-012 Prognostic Factors for Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Cavity Formation. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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91
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Ohta
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Kyoto Japan
| | - O. Takahashi
- Chitose Archaeological Operations Center Chitose Board of Education Chitose Hokkaido Japan
| | - I. Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Kyoto Japan
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92
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Ohira T, Sakai K, Matsubayashi J, Kajiwara N, Kakihana M, Hagiwara M, Hibi M, Yoshida K, Maeda J, Ohtani K, Nagao T, Nishio K, Ikeda N. Tumor volume determines the feasibility of cell-free DNA sequencing for mutation detection in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 107:1660-1666. [PMID: 27575703 PMCID: PMC5132294 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR technologies allow analysis of the mutational profile of circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in individuals with advanced lung cancer. We have now evaluated the feasibility of cfDNA sequencing for mutation detection in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer at earlier stages. A total of 150 matched tumor and serum samples were collected from non‐small cell lung cancer patients at stages IA–IIIA. Amplicon sequencing with DNA extracted from tumor tissue detected frequent mutations in EGFR (37% of patients), TP53 (39%), and KRAS (10%), consistent with previous findings. In contrast, NGS of cfDNA identified only EGFR,TP53, and PIK3CA mutations in three, five, and one patient, respectively, even though adequate amounts of cfDNA were extracted (median of 4936 copies/mL serum). Next‐generation sequencing showed a high accuracy (98.8%) compared with droplet digital PCR for cfDNA mutation detection, suggesting that the low frequency of mutations in cfDNA was not due to a low assay sensitivity. Whereas the yield of cfDNA did not differ among tumor stages, the cfDNA mutations were detected in seven patients at stages IIA–IIIA and at T2b or T3. Tumor volume was significantly higher in the cfDNA mutation‐positive patients than in the negative patients at stages T2b–T4 (159.1 ± 58.0 vs. 52.5 ± 9.9 cm3, P = 0.014). Our results thus suggest that tumor volume is a determinant of the feasibility of mutation detection with cfDNA as the analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Masaru Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hibi
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keishi Ohtani
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kakihana M, Maeda J, Yoshida K, Hagiwara M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Matsubayashi J, Nagao T, Ikeda N. P3.01-028 Comparison of Touch Imprint Cytology and Section Histopathology in the Diagnostic of the Small Peripheral Lung Tumors. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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94
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Matsubayashi J, Otsubo K, Morimoto JO, Nakamura F, Nose T, Tayasu I. Feeding habits may explain the morphological uniqueness of brown bears on Etorofu Island, Southern Kuril Islands in East Asia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsubayashi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; 457-4 Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8047 Japan
| | - Kokoro Otsubo
- Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Management; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Kita 9 jo Nishi 9 Kitaku Sapporo 060-8589 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Junko O. Morimoto
- Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Management; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Kita 9 jo Nishi 9 Kitaku Sapporo 060-8589 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Management; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Kita 9 jo Nishi 9 Kitaku Sapporo 060-8589 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Takane Nose
- Shiretoko Nature Foundation; 531 Iwaobetsu Shari 099-4356 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; 457-4 Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8047 Japan
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95
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Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I, Morimoto JO, Mano T. Testing for a predicted decrease in body size in brown bears (Ursus arctos) based on a historical shift in diet. CAN J ZOOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A recent study found a historical decline in the proportion of meat in the diet of brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) in the Hokkaido Islands, Japan. Because feeding habits are strongly correlated with the body size of animals, the shift in diet should have led to a decrease in the size of these bears. To predict the effects of this dietary shift on the skeletal size in bears, we correlated the femur length in Hokkaido brown bears with the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values from bone samples and predicted the historical change in their body size. The variation in the femur lengths of the male and female subpopulations was positively correlated with their δ15N values, but not with their δ13C values, and the explanatory power of the constructed model was higher in males than in females. Based on the model and the δ15N values for historic and modern bears, the skeletal size of bear subpopulations in eastern Hokkaido was estimated to have decreased by 10%–18% for males and 8%–9% for females. Our results suggest that a historical dietary shift caused the decrease in the size of the Hokkaido brown bears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsubayashi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, 603-8047 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, 603-8047 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko O. Morimoto
- Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Management, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 jo, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, 060-8589 Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Mano
- Environmental and Geological Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Kita 19 jo, Nishi 12, Kita-ku, 060-0819 Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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96
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Shimada Y, Saji H, Kato Y, Kudo Y, Maeda J, Yoshida K, Hagiwara M, Matsubayashi J, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. The Frequency and Prognostic Impact of Pathological Microscopic Vascular Invasion According to Tumor Size in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Chest 2016; 149:775-85. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.15-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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97
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Tsuji Y, Kusano C, Gotoda T, Itokawa F, Fukuzawa M, Sofuni A, Matsubayashi J, Nagao T, Itoi T, Moriyasu F. Diagnostic potential of endoscopic ultrasonography-elastography for gastric submucosal tumors: A pilot study. Dig Endosc 2016; 28:173-8. [PMID: 26530730 DOI: 10.1111/den.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Qualitative diagnosis for gastric submucosal tumors (SMT) is not easy. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in combination with EUS-elastography (EUS-EG) is reported useful for qualitatively diagnosing pancreatic tissues. We prospectively studied whether EUS-EG could be useful in qualitative diagnosis of gastric SMT. METHODS We prospectively registered 25 consecutive patients with gastric SMT diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and carried out qualitative evaluations using EUS-EG (May 2013 to March 2015) followed by histopathological diagnosis using EUS-FNA or endoscopic mucosal cutting biopsy. Elastic scores of gastric SMT were compared to the cytological diagnosis. RESULTS Of 25 patients, 22 had a confirmed cytological diagnosis. Regarding the Giovannini elastic score, of three patients with aberrant pancreas, one was score 1 and two were score 2; of eight patients with leiomyoma, seven were score 2 and one was score 3. Both of two patients with schwannoma were score 4. Of nine patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor, six were score 4 and three were score 5. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is harder than other types of gastric SMT, and our study's findings suggested the usefulness of EUS-EG, which can also assess tumor hardness of gastric SMT. CONCLUSION EUS-EG might be helpful for the differential diagnosis of gastric SMT, especially to differentiate GIST from other SMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Tsuji
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Kusano
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihide Itokawa
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Fukuzawa
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sofuni
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takao Itoi
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuminori Moriyasu
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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98
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Tominaga N, Gotoda T, Hara M, Hale MD, Tsuchiya T, Matsubayashi J, Kono S, Kusano C, Itoi T, Fujimoto K, Moriyasu F, Grabsch HI. Five biopsy specimens from the proximal part of the tumor reliably determine HER2 protein expression status in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2016; 19:553-560. [PMID: 25987463 PMCID: PMC4824804 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-015-0502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National guidelines recommend trastuzumab for treatment of patients with metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC). There is currently no guideline indicating the number of biopsy specimens and the location from which they should be obtained to reliably determine the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in GC. The aim of this pilot study was (a) to quantify HER2-positive tumor cells in different tumor regions to assess the spatial heterogeneity of HER2 expression and (b) to establish the required number of biopsy specimens and the location from which they should be obtained within the tumor to achieve concordance between HER2 expression status in the biopsy specimens and the resection specimen. METHODS HER2 expression was quantified in six different regions of 24 HER2-positive GC and in six virtual biopsy specimens from different luminal regions. Intratumoral regional heterogeneity and concordance between HER2 status in the biopsy specimens and the resection specimen were analyzed. RESULTS HER2-positive cells were more frequent in the luminal tumor surface compared with deeper layers (p < 0.001). GCs with differentiated histological features were more commonly HER2 positive (p < 0.001). Assessment of HER2 expression status in five biopsy specimens was sufficient to achieve 100 % concordance between the biopsy specimens and the resection specimen. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to suggest preferential HER2 positivity at the luminal surface in GC and to establish a minimum number of biopsy specimens needed to obtain a biopsy HER2 result which is identical to that from the whole tumor. Our study suggests that HER2 testing in five tumor-containing endoscopic biopsy specimens from the proximal (oral) part of the tumor is advisable. The results from this pilot study require validation in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan ,Departments of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Matthew D. Hale
- Section of Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Takayoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan ,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shin Kono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Kusano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Fujimoto
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Fuminori Moriyasu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Heike I. Grabsch
- Section of Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ,Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands ,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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99
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Mekata K, Takigawa T, Matsubayashi J, Toda K, Hasegawa Y, Ito Y. The Effect of the Cervical Orthosis on Swallowing Physiology and Cervical Spine Motion During Swallowing. Dysphagia 2015; 31:74-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00455-015-9660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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100
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Saji H, Matsubayashi J, Akata S, Shimada Y, Kato Y, Kudo Y, Nagao T, Park J, Kakihana M, Kajiwara N, Ohira T, Ikeda N. Correlation between whole tumor size and solid component size on high-resolution computed tomography in the prediction of the degree of pathologic malignancy and the prognostic outcome in primary lung adenocarcinoma. Acta Radiol 2015; 56:1187-95. [PMID: 25344503 DOI: 10.1177/0284185114554823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of ground glass opacity (GGO) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is well known to be pathologically closely associated with adenocarcinoma in situ. PURPOSE To determine whether it is more useful to evaluate the whole tumor size or only the solid component size to predict the pathologic high-grade malignancy and the prognostic outcome in lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using HRCT data of 232 patients with adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection, we retrospectively measured the whole tumor and solid component sizes with lung window setting (WTLW and SCLW) and whole tumor sizes with a mediastinal window setting (WTMW). RESULTS There was significant correlation between the WTLW and the measurements of pathological whole tumor (pWT) (r = 0.792, P < 0.0001). The SCLW and WTLW values significantly correlated with the area of pathological invasive component (pIVS) (r = 0.762, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.771, P < 0.0001, respectively). The receiver operating characteristics area under the curve for WTLW, SCLW, and WTMW used to identify lymph node metastasis or lymphatic or vascular invasion were 0.693, 0.817, and 0.824, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were better divided according to SCLW and WTMW, compared with WTLW. Multivariate analysis of DFS and OS revealed that WTMW was an independent prognostic factor (HR = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58-0.90, P = 0.004 and HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.57-0.96, P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION The predictive values of the solid tumor size visualized on HRCT especially in the mediastinal window for pathologic high-grade malignancy and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma were greater than those of whole tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Saji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichi Akata
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Kudo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinho Park
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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