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Wang P, Xu L, Li L, Ren S, Tang J, Zhang M, Xu M. The microRNA-375 as a potentially promising biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with head and neck or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:957-968. [PMID: 30747316 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of microRNA-375 (miR-375) expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) had been reported in the previous studies; however, the results remain inconsistent. This study was performed to investigate the prognostic significance of miR-375 expression in SCC based on all eligible evidences. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embace, Medline, Cochrane Library, and China Biology Medicine disk. Survival outcome including overall survival (OS) and other survival outcomes were used as the primary endpoint to evaluate the prognostic outcome of patients with SCC. All statistical analyses were performed in RevMan software version 5.3 and STATA software version 14.1. Furthermore, the quality of included studies was assessed by The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS In total, 13 studies, including 1340 patients, met the inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis. The pooled analysis results indicated that downregulation of miR-375 significantly predicted poor OS (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.34-1.88, P < 0.001). Downregulated miR-375 was also correlated with the other survival outcomes. Subgroup analysis based on tumor type found that lower expression of miR-375 was significantly related with poor OS in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.29-1.94, P < 0.001) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.16-2.18, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated that the downexpression of miR-375 was significantly correlated with poor OS in patients with SCCs and indicated the potential clinical use of miR-375 as a molecular biomarker, particularly in assessing prognosis for patients with ESCC and HNSCC.
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Tang JW, Kong LM, Zu WY, Hu K, Li XN, Yan BC, Wang WG, Sun HD, Li Y, Puno PT. Isopenicins A–C: Two Types of Antitumor Meroterpenoids from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. sh18. Org Lett 2019; 21:771-775. [PMID: 30640477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xu HC, Hu K, Shi XH, Tang JW, Li XN, Sun HD, Puno PT. Synergistic use of NMR computation and quantitative interproton distance analysis in the structural determination of neokadcoccitane A, a rearranged triterpenoid featuring an aromatic ring D from Kadsura coccinea. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00281b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel lanostane triterpenoid possessing an aromatic ring D, along with two novel norlanostane triterpenoids, were isolated from Kadsura coccinea.
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May S, Adamska E, Tang JW. Evaluating the aptima HIV-1 quant Dx, HCV quant Dx and HBV quant assays against the Abbott HIV-1, HCV and HBV RealTime assays. J Clin Virol 2018; 106:7-10. [PMID: 30007139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral load measurement is routine for the management of patients infected with HIV, HCV or HBV, using sensitive, quantitative, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). However, platforms are not equivalent in terms of turnaround time, random access capability and operator hands-on time. OBJECTIVES AND STUDY DESIGN We compared the performance of the Hologic Panther transcription-mediated amplification based Aptima assays for HIV, HBV and HCV viral load measurement with the corresponding Abbott m2000 RealTime assays. All Aptima assays were run according to the manufacturer's instructions, on archived patient samples for HIV (n = 251 including subtypes 01_AE, A (A1), B, BG recombinant, C CRF02_AG and G), HBV (n = 117 including genotypes A, B, C and D) and HCV (n = 82 including genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4). Additional testing was performed with WHO international standards and expanded HIV-1 subtype and HCV NIBSC genotype panels. RESULTS The Hologic Panther Aptima assays for HIV-1 RNA, HBV DNA and HCV RNA viral load measurements performed equivalently to the Abbott m2000 RealTime assays. The performance of the Aptima assays was also acceptable on the WHO and NIBSC standards and subtype/genotype panels. CONCLUSIONS The Aptima Panther platform offers equivalent clinical performance for the viral load measurement of these three viruses, with the added benefits of reduced turnaround time, random access capability and reduced 'hands-on time' for staff, resulting in a potentially superior workflow for diagnostic laboratories.
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Chen R, Tang JW, Li XR, Liu M, Ding WP, Zhou YF, Wang WG, Du X, Sun HD, Puno PT. Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Xylaria sp. hg1009. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2018; 8:121-129. [PMID: 29556983 PMCID: PMC5913051 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-018-0158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A detailed chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. isolated from the stems of Isodon sculponeatus afforded six new compounds, xylariahgins A-F (1-6), two new natural products (7 and 8), along with two known compounds (9 and 10) (Fig. 1). The structures of all compounds were unambiguously established by analyzing their spectroscopic data or referring to pertinent literature. Compounds 1-8 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines.
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Xu LL, Zhang M, Yi PS, Zheng XB, Feng L, Lan C, Tang JW, Ren SS, Xu MQ. Hepatic resection combined with radiofrequency ablation versus hepatic resection alone for multifocal hepatocellular carcinomas: A meta-analysis. Curr Med Sci 2017; 37:974-980. [PMID: 29270762 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of hepatic resection combined with radiofrequency ablation versus hepatic resection (HR) alone for the treatment of multifocal hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). A literature search was conducted from the database including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and China Biology Medicine (CBM) disc. The primary outcomes included the 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rate. The secondary outcomes contained the intraoperative parameters and postoperative adverse events (AEs). These parameters were all analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software. After carefully screening relevant studies, four retrospective studies of high quality involving 466 patients (197 in the combined group and 269 in the HR group) were included in this study. The pooled results showed that the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rate in the combined group were comparable with those in the HR group (OR=0.77, 0.96, 0.88; P=0.33, 0.88, 0.70, respectively). Similarly, there was no significant difference in 1-, 3-, 5-year DFS rate between the combined group and the HR alone group (OR=0.57, 0.83, 0.72; P=0.17, 0.37, 0.32, respectively). And the intraoperative parameters and postoperative AEs were also comparable between the above two cohorts. However, two included studies reported that tumor often recurred in the ablation site in the combined group. The present meta-analysis indicated that the HR combined with RFA could reach a long-term survival outcome similar to curative HR for multifocal HCC patients. And this therapy may be a promising alternative for these patients with marginal liver function or complicated tumor distribution. Furthermore, high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are imperative to verify this conclusion.
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Zhou YF, Shi HX, Hu K, Tang JW, Li XR, Du X, Sun HD, Wang LS, Pu JX. Gypmacrophin A, a Rare Pentacyclic Sesterterpenoid, Together with Three Depsides, Functioned as New Chemical Evidence for Gypsoplaca macrophylla (Zahlbr.) Timdal Identification. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101675. [PMID: 28991198 PMCID: PMC6151673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation on 1 g of materials from Gypsoplaca macrophylla (Zahlbr.) Timdal resulted in the discovery of gypmacrophin A, a rare pentacyclic sesterterpenoid; brialmontin III, a new polysubstituted depside and two known ones, brialmontins I and II. The structure and absolute configurations of gypmacrophin A were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and computational methods. Gypmacrophin A showed weak inhibition of AchE with an IC50 value of 32.03 μM. The four compounds provided new chemical evidence for G. macrophylla identification.
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Jiang HY, Wang WG, Tang JW, Liu M, Li XR, Hu K, Du X, Li XN, Zhang HB, Pu JX, Sun HD. Structurally Diverse Diterpenoids from Isodon scoparius and Their Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2026-2036. [PMID: 28654256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen new diterpenoids (1-14) based on four skeletal types and two known analogues (15 and 16) were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon scoparius. Compound 2 is the first ent-kaurane diterpenoid featuring a 1,11-ether bridge, and the structures of these new compounds were established mainly by NMR and MS methods. The absolute configurations of 1 and 5 and the relative configuration of 3 were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The absolute configuration of 14 was determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 1, 4, and 15 were active against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480), and they also inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values of 1.0, 3.1, and 1.8 μM, respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Diterpenes, Kaurane/chemistry
- Diterpenes, Kaurane/isolation & purification
- Diterpenes, Kaurane/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Isodon/chemistry
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Molecular Structure
- Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- Plant Components, Aerial/chemistry
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Holmes CW, Rahman S, Allen DJ, Bandi S, Tang JW. Human parechovirus cluster in the UK, 8 May-2 August 2016-sequence analysis. J Clin Virol 2017; 93:37-39. [PMID: 28605724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tang JW, Wang WG, Li A, Yan BC, Chen R, Li XN, Du X, Sun HD, Pu JX. Polyketides from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. sh917 by using the one strain/many compounds strategy. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zheng XB, Chen XB, Xu LL, Zhang M, Feng L, Yi PS, Tang JW, Xu MQ. miR-203 inhibits augmented proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma residual in the promoted regenerating liver. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:338-346. [PMID: 28100026 PMCID: PMC5378262 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection is still the most commonly used therapeutic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver regeneration promotes HCC growth in the regenerating liver. The high recurrence/metastasis of HCC is the main cause of death for HCC patients after liver resection. However, how the augmented growth and metastasis of residual HCC induced by the promoted liver regeneration following liver resection can be abolished remains unclear. In this study, a rat model with liver cirrhosis and diffused HCC was established by administration of diethylnitrosamine. Recombinant miR-203 adenovirus was administered to induce hepatic miR-203 overexpression and 30% partial hepatectomy (PH) followed. The effect of miR-203 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of the residual HCC in the remnant cirrhotic liver with promoted regeneration was investigated. We found that the basic spontaneous regeneration of the non-tumorous liver by 30% PH promoted proliferation, invasion and lung metastasis of the hepatic residual HCC. miR-203 overexpression further promoted the regeneration of the non-tumorous liver by upregulating Ki67 expression and enhancing IL-6/SOCS3/STAT3 pro-proliferative signals. Importantly, miR-203 overexpression markedly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of hepatic residual HCC through suppressing expression of Ki67, CAPNS1 and lung metastasis. Moreover, it was found that miR-203 overexpression reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by hepatectomy through targeting IL-1β, Snail1 and Twist1. In conclusion, our results suggested that miR-203 overexpression inhibited the augmented proliferation and lung metastasis of the residual HCC induced by the promoted liver regeneration following PH partly by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Wan J, Jiang HY, Tang JW, Li XR, Du X, Li Y, Sun HD, Pu JX. Ent-Abietanoids Isolated from Isodon serra. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020309. [PMID: 28218684 PMCID: PMC6155895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new ent-abietane diterpenoids, along with four known ones were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon serra, a traditional Chinese folk medicine. The new diterpenoids were named as serrin K (1), xerophilusin XVII (2), and enanderianins Q and R (3 and 4), while the known ones were identified as rubescansin J (5), (3α,14β)-3,18-[(1-methylethane-1,1-diyl)dioxy]-ent-abieta-7,15(17)-diene-14,16-diol (6), xerophilusin XIV (7), and enanderianin P (8), respectively. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the literature. Compound 1 showed remarkable inhibitory activity towards NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells (IC50 = 1.8 μM) and weak cytotoxicity towards five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, SW480).
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Veater J, Wong N, Stephenson I, Kirk-Granger H, Baxter LF, Cannon R, Wilson S, Atabani S, Sahota A, Bell D, Wiselka M, Tang JW. Resource impact of managing suspected Middle East respiratory syndrome patients in a UK teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect 2016; 95:280-285. [PMID: 28131646 PMCID: PMC7132460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Clinical challenges exist in the management of hospitalized patients returning to the UK with potential Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection, particularly with its clinical overlap with influenza, as demonstrated in this case-series and cost-analysis review of returning Hajj pilgrims. These patients were hospitalized with acute febrile respiratory illness, initially managed as potential MERS-CoV infections, but were eventually diagnosed with influenza. Additional costs were small, yet enhanced infection prevention measures created significant burdens on isolation rooms and staff time. Planning for predictable events such as Hajj is important for resource management. Here, in-house MERS-CoV diagnostic testing would have facilitated earlier diagnosis and discharge.
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Tang JW, Pumarino J, Cameron KA, Peaceman AM, Ackermann RT. Perceptions of misdiagnosis among women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Diabet Med 2016; 33:1451-2. [PMID: 26535796 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hu ZX, Shi YM, Wang WG, Tang JW, Zhou M, Du X, Zhang YH, Pu JX, Sun HD. Structural Characterization of Kadcoccinin A: A Sesquiterpenoid with a Tricyclo[4.4.0.03,10]decane Scaffold from Kadsura coccinea. Org Lett 2016; 18:2284-7. [PMID: 27091303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wang WG, Li A, Yan BC, Niu SB, Tang JW, Li XN, Du X, Challis GL, Che Y, Sun HD, Pu JX. LC-MS-Guided Isolation of Penicilfuranone A: A New Antifibrotic Furancarboxylic Acid from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. sh18. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:149-155. [PMID: 26677752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Penicilfuranone A (1), a novel furancarboxylic acid, and its proposed biosynthetic precursor, gregatin A (2), were isolated from the cultures of the fungus Penicillium sp. sh18 endophytic to the stems of Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora guided by HPLC-MS. X-ray crystallography was applied to the structure determination of furancarboxylic acid for the first time, allowing unambiguous assignment of 1. Penicilfuranone A displays a significant antifibrotic effect in activated hepatic stellate cells via negative regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling.
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Zhou M, Li XR, Tang JW, Liu Y, Li XN, Wu B, Qin HB, Du X, Li LM, Wang WG, Pu JX, Sun HD. Scopariusicides, Novel Unsymmetrical Cyclobutanes: Structural Elucidation and Concise Synthesis by a Combination of Intermolecular [2 + 2] Cycloaddition and C–H Functionalization. Org Lett 2015; 17:6062-5. [PMID: 26617269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Brown JR, Tang JW, Pankhurst L, Klein N, Gant V, Lai KM, McCauley J, Breuer J. Influenza virus survival in aerosols and estimates of viable virus loss resulting from aerosolization and air-sampling. J Hosp Infect 2015; 91:278-81. [PMID: 26412395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Using a Collison nebulizer, aerosols of influenza (A/Udorn/307/72 H3N2) were generated within a controlled experimental chamber, from known starting virus concentrations. Air samples collected after variable suspension times were tested quantitatively using both plaque and polymerase chain reaction assays, to compare the proportion of viable virus against the amount of detectable viral RNA. These experiments showed that whereas influenza RNA copies were well preserved, the number of viable viruses decreased by a factor of 10(4)-10(5). This suggests that air-sampling studies for assessing infection control risks that detect only influenza RNA may greatly overestimate the amount of viable virus available to cause infection.
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Wang WG, Tang JW, Shi YM, Du X, Li XN, Wu HY, Jiang HY, Li Y, Pu JX, Sun HD. Laxiflorol A, the first example of 7,8:15,16-di-seco-15-nor-21-homo-ent-kauranoid from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Laxiflorol A (1), an unprecedented 7,8:15,16-di-seco-15-nor-21-homo-ent-kauranoid, and its precursor analogue, laxiflorol B (2), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora.
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Tang JW, Sun H, Yao XH, Wu YF, Wang X, Feng J. Effects of Replacement of Soybean Meal by Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Immune Function of Yellow-feathered Broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:393-400. [PMID: 25049578 PMCID: PMC4092957 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to examine the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) by solid-state fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and immune function of broilers. After inoculated with Bacillus subtilis BJ-1 for 48 h, the content of free gossypol in cottonseed meal was decreased from 0.82 to 0.21 g/kg. A total of 600, day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates of 50 chicks each. A corn-SBM based control diet was formulated and the experimental diets included 4, 8 or 12% FCSM, replacing SBM. Throughout the experiment, broilers fed 8% FCSM had higher (p<0.05) body weight gain than those fed 0, 4 and 12% FCSM. The feed intake in 8% FCSM group was superior (p<0.05) to other treatments from d 21 to 42. On d 21, the concentration of serum immunoglobin M in the 4% and 8% FCSM groups, as well as the content of complements (C3, C4) in 8% FCSM group were greater (p<0.05) than those in the SBM group. Besides, birds fed 8% FCSM had increased (p<0.05) serum immunoglobin M, immunoglobulin G and complement C4 levels on d 42 compared with bird fed control diet. No differences (p>0.05) were found between treatments regarding the serum biochemical parameters and the relative weights of immune organs. In conclusion, FCSM can be used in broiler diets at up to 12% of the total diet and an appropriate replacement of SBM with FCSM may improve growth performance and immunity in broilers.
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Sun H, Tang JW, Fang CL, Yao XH, Wu YF, Wang X, Feng J. Molecular analysis of intestinal bacterial microbiota of broiler chickens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal. Poult Sci 2013; 92:392-401. [PMID: 23300306 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of fermented cottonseed meal (FCM) on the ileal and cecal bacterial microbiota of broiler chickens. A total of 300 newborn yellow-feathered broiler chickens were randomly divided into 2 treatments with 3 replicates each (50 birds per replicate): control and 80 g/kg of FCM group. The feeding trial lasted for 42 d. Ileal and cecal digesta samples were collected from 8 chicks per replicate at 21 and 42 d of age to determine the composition of bacterial microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, cloning, sequencing, and real-time quantitative PCR analysis. The results demonstrated that the microbial composition in the ileum and cecum were considerably affected by the diet. The similarity dendrogram of banding profiles showed a more rapid stabilization of intestinal bacterial microbiota in broilers fed diets supplemented with FCM, compared with that of the birds fed the control diet. No significant difference was observed in total number of bands and Shannon-Weaver index, indicating that FCM had no effects on bacterial diversity. However, enumeration of bacteria in the ileal and cecal contents by quantitative PCR showed an increased (P < 0.05) population of lactobacilli, as well as a decreased (P < 0.05) Escherichia coli number by the dietary inclusion of FCM. In summary, dietary inclusion of FCM did not affect the intestinal microbial diversity but shifted intestinal microbiota, with a more homogenous population and an increased colonization of lactobacilli. The results also support the concept that dietary FCM inclusion could promote the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract.
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Lee HK, Lee CK, Loh TP, Chiang D, Koay ES, Tang JW. Missed diagnosis of influenza B virus due to nucleoprotein sequence mutations, Singapore, April 2011. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19943. [PMID: 21871229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A new influenza B variant was discovered in Singapore in April 2011 during diagnostic testing of a 3-year-old boy with respiratory symptoms. Influenza B virus was isolated from culture and confirmed by standard immunofluorescence testing, but was not detected by the routine, in-house influenza screening reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay that targets the nucleoprotein (NP) gene. Subsequent sequencing investigations demonstrated that several other published assays targeting NP could also fail to detect this novel variant.
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Lee HK, Lee CK, Loh TP, Chiang D, Koay ES, Tang JW. Missed diagnosis of influenza B virus due to nucleoprotein sequence mutations, Singapore, April 2011. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.33.19943-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new influenza B variant was discovered in Singapore in April 2011 during diagnostic testing of a 3-year-old boy with respiratory symptoms. Influenza B virus was isolated from culture and confirmed by standard immunofluorescence testing, but was not detected by the routine, in-house influenza screening reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay that targets the nucleoprotein (NP) gene. Subsequent sequencing investigations demonstrated that several other published assays targeting NP could also fail to detect this novel variant.
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Meng LQ, Tang JW, Wang Y, Zhao JR, Shang MY, Zhang M, Liu SY, Qu L, Cai SQ, Li XM. Astragaloside IV synergizes with ferulic acid to inhibit renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats with obstructive nephropathy. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1805-18. [PMID: 21232035 PMCID: PMC3081123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The combination of Chinese herbs, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, could alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) and ferulic acid (FA) are the two major active constituents in this combination. In this study, we employed rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction to determine whether AS-IV and FA have the same renoprotective effects and investigated the mechanisms of this action. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Renal pathological changes were evaluated after treatment with AS-IV, FA or AS-IV + FA (AF) for 10 days. Meanwhile, the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nitric oxide (NO) production in kidney were determined. The expressions of fibronectin, α-SMA, mitogen-activated protein kinases [JNK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), P38] in TGF-β1-treated NRK-49F cells or interleukin-1-treated HK-2 cells after AS-IV, FA or AF were assessed. KEY RESULTS AF alleviated the infiltration of mononuclear cells, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis; reduced the expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, TGF-β1 and p-JNK; and dramatically increased the production of NO in obstructed kidneys. Neither AS-IV nor FA alone improved renal damage, but both increased NO production. AF inhibited α-SMA and fibronectin expression in NRK-49F or HK-2 cells. Furthermore, AF significantly inhibited IL-1β-induced JNK phosphorylation, without affecting ERK or P38 phosphorylation. Neither AS-IV nor FA alone had any effect on the cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AS-IV synergizes with FA to alleviate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis; this was associated with inhibition of tubular epithelial–mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) and fibroblast activation, as well as an increase in NO production in the kidney.
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Tang JW, Noakes CJ, Nielsen PV, Eames I, Nicolle A, Li Y, Settles GS. Observing and quantifying airflows in the infection control of aerosol- and airborne-transmitted diseases: an overview of approaches. J Hosp Infect 2011; 77:213-22. [PMID: 21194796 PMCID: PMC7114680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2010.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
With concerns about the potential for the aerosol and airborne transmission of infectious agents, particularly influenza, more attention is being focused on the effectiveness of infection control procedures to prevent hospital-acquired infections by this route. More recently a number of different techniques have been applied to examine the temporal-spatial information about the airflow patterns and the movement of related, suspended material within this air in a hospital setting. Closer collaboration with engineers has allowed clinical microbiologists, virologists and infection control teams to assess the effectiveness of hospital isolation and ventilation facilities. The characteristics of human respiratory activities have also been investigated using some familiar engineering techniques. Such studies aim to enhance the effectiveness of such preventive measures and have included experiments with human-like mannequins using various tracer gas/particle techniques, real human volunteers with real-time non-invasive Schlieren imaging, numerical modelling using computational fluid dynamics, and small scale physical analogues with water. This article outlines each of these techniques in a non-technical manner, suitable for a clinical readership without specialist airflow or engineering knowledge.
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