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Kawasaki H, Kawakami E, Obata S, Fukushima A, Yasuda-Sekiguchi F, Sasaki T, Suda W, Honda K, Ebihara T, Amagai M. 979 Quantitative skin microbiome analysis identified new microbial species associated with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Koshimizu TA, Honda K, Nagaoka-Uozumi S, Ichimura A, Kimura I, Nakaya M, Sakai N, Shibata K, Ushijima K, Fujimura A, Hirasawa A, Kurose H, Tsujimoto G, Tanoue A, Takano Y. Complex formation between the vasopressin 1b receptor, β-arrestin-2, and the μ-opioid receptor underlies morphine tolerance. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:820-833. [DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Gyawali B, Shimokata T, Ando M, Honda K, Ando Y. Risk of serious adverse events and fatal adverse events with sorafenib in patients with solid cancer: a meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials†. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:246-253. [PMID: 27771613 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is a multikinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitor commonly used in a variety of cancers. There are concerns about the increased risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) and fatal adverse events (FAEs) with sorafenib. We performed an up-to-date meta-analysis of all phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of sorafenib to quantify the increased risk of SAEs and FAEs. Patients and methods We carried out a systematic search of electronic databases for studies published from inception to February 2016 without any restrictions. Eligibility criteria included phase 3 RCTs of solid tumors comparing sorafenib, alone or in combination with nontargeted chemotherapy (Sorafenib arm) versus placebo or nontargeted chemotherapy (control arm). Data on SAEs and FAEs for both the arms were extracted from each study and pooled to determine the overall incidence, relative risks (RRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Results Of 471 studies identified, a total of 12 phase 3 RCTs involving 6797 solid cancer patients comparing sorafenib with control met the eligibility criteria and were included. The overall incidence of SAEs and FAEs with sorafenib were 26.4% (95% CI, 18.0-36.9%) and 1.3% (95% CI: 0.8-2.2%), respectively. Compared with control, sorafenib use significantly increased the risk of both SAEs (RR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.18-1.89, P = 0.001) and FAEs (RR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.05-3.14, P = 0.033). This association varied significantly with cancer types (P < 0.001) and approval status (P = 0.012) for SAEs but no evidence of heterogeneity was found for FAEs. Conclusions This meta-analysis of phase 3 RCTs demonstrates an increased risk of both SAEs and FAEs with sorafenib use in adult patients with solid cancers. This quantification of increased risks of SAEs and FAEs will be important in considering the trade-off of sorafenib treatment during shared decision-making.
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Komiya H, Shimizu K, Noma N, Tsuboi Y, Honda K, Kanno K, Ohara K, Shinoda M, Ogiso B, Iwata K. Role of Neuron-Glial Interaction Mediated by IL-1β in Ectopic Tooth Pain. J Dent Res 2017; 97:467-475. [PMID: 29131694 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517741253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many reports have demonstrated that ectopic pain develops in the orofacial region following tooth pulp inflammation, which often causes misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment for patients with pulpitis, the precise mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we hypothesized that the functional interaction between satellite glial cells and neurons mediated by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) is involved in ectopic orofacial pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation. The digastric muscle electromyogram (D-EMG) activity elicited by capsaicin administration into the maxillary second molar tooth pulp was analyzed to evaluate the noxious reflex and was significantly increased in rats with inflammation of the maxillary first molar (M1) versus rats injected with saline. A significant increase in the expression of connexin43 (Cx43), a gap junction containing protein, was observed in activated satellite glial cells surrounding second molar-innervating neurons in the TG after M1 pulpitis. Daily administration of Gap26, a Cx43 mimetic peptide and inhibitor, in the TG significantly suppressed the enhancement of capsaicin-induced D-EMG activity and the percentage of Fluoro-Gold (FG)-labeled cells encircled by glial fibrillary acid protein-immunoreactive (IR) + Cx43-IR cells after M1 pulp inflammation ( P < 0.01). The percentage of FG-labeled cells encircled by glial fibrillary acid protein-IR + IL-1β-IR cells, IL-1 type I receptor-IR cells labeled with FG, and TRPV1-IR cells labeled with FG significantly increased after M1 pulp inflammation ( P < 0.01). Daily administration of IL-1ra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, into the TG significantly reduced the enhancement of capsaicin-induced D-EMG activity and the percentage of TRPV1-IR neurons labeled with FG after M1 pulp inflammation ( P < 0.01). The present findings suggest that satellite glial cell is activated in the TG via activated gap junctions composed of Cx43 following tooth pulp inflammation, which leads to the hyperactivation of remote neurons via IL-1β mechanisms and results in ectopic tooth pulp pain in the adjacent tooth.
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Yoshida R, Mori IC, Kamizono N, Shichiri Y, Shimatani T, Miyata F, Honda K, Iwai S. Erratum to: Glutamate functions in stomatal closure in Arabidopsis and fava bean. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:1095. [PMID: 28780670 PMCID: PMC6828220 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Onidani K, Seiichi Y, Miura N, Shoji H, Kato K, Shibahara T, Honda K. Next-generation sequencing of circulating tumor cells isolated from peripheral blood of patients with head and neck, and gastrointestinal cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx678.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koga K, Matsuzaki Y, Honda K, Eto F, Furukawa T, Migita K, Irie K, Mishima K, Ueno S. Activations of muscarinic M 1 receptors in the anterior cingulate cortex contribute to the antinociceptive effect via GABAergic transmission. Mol Pain 2017; 13:1744806917692330. [PMID: 28326934 PMCID: PMC5315363 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917692330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cholinergic systems regulate the synaptic transmission resulting in the contribution of the nociceptive behaviors. Anterior cingulate cortex is a key cortical area to play roles in nociception and chronic pain. However, the effect of the activation of cholinergic system for nociception is still unknown in the cortical area. Here, we tested whether the activation of cholinergic receptors can regulate nociceptive behaviors in adult rat anterior cingulate cortex by integrative methods including behavior, immunohistochemical, and electrophysiological methods. Results We found that muscarinic M1 receptors were clearly expressed in the anterior cingulate cortex. Using behavioral tests, we identified that microinjection of a selective muscarinic M1 receptors agonist McN-A-343 into the anterior cingulate cortex dose dependently increased the mechanical threshold. In contrast, the local injection of McN-A-343 into the anterior cingulate cortex showed normal motor function. The microinjection of a selective M1 receptors antagonist pirenzepine blocked the McN-A-343-induced antinociceptive effect. Pirenzepine alone into the anterior cingulate cortex decreased the mechanical thresholds. The local injection of the GABAA receptors antagonist bicuculline into the anterior cingulate cortex also inhibited the McN-A-343-induced antinociceptive effect and decreased the mechanical threshold. Finally, we further tested whether the activation of M1 receptors could regulate GABAergic transmission using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The activation of M1 receptors enhanced the frequency of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents as well as the amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the anterior cingulate cortex. Conclusions These results suggest that the activation of muscarinic M1 receptors in part increased the mechanical threshold by increasing GABAergic transmitter release and facilitating GABAergic transmission in the anterior cingulate cortex.
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Saneyasu T, Tsuchii N, Nakano Y, Kitashiro A, Tsuchihashi T, Shindo H, Honda K, Kamisoyama H. Effects of short-term fasting on the Akt-mediated pathway involved in protein metabolism in chicken skeletal muscle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 61:54-61. [PMID: 28710921 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we show that short-term (4 h) fasting significantly decreased the levels of protein synthesis-related factors such as the plasma insulin concentration, skeletal muscle pAkt, and pS6 levels in 2-wk-old chickens (P < 0.05). An intravenous injection of insulin significantly elevated the contents of pAkt and p-S6 in the skeletal muscle (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that decreasing the plasma insulin causes the downregulation of the Akt/S6 pathway in chicken skeletal muscle under short-term fasting conditions. However, protein synthesis was not significantly affected by short-term fasting. In addition, no significant change was observed in the levels of proteolysis-related factors such as plasma Nτ-methylhistidine, phosphorylated forkhead box class O, and muscle ring finger-1 during 4-h fasting, indicating that short-term fasting does not induce skeletal muscle proteolysis in chickens. Interestingly, atrogin-1 expression significantly increased after 2-h fasting (P < 0.05), and insulin injection significantly reversed the fasting-induced atrogin-1 expression in chicken skeletal muscle (P < 0.01). Collectively, these findings suggest that short-term fasting downregulates the insulin-stimulated Akt/S6 pathway but does not significantly affect protein synthesis and proteolysis in chicken skeletal muscle, and that atrogin-1 expression is upregulated in a FOXO1-independent manners.
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Shoji H, Miyamoto H, Hara H, Takahari D, Machida N, Esaki T, Nagashima K, Aoki K, Honda K, Nagata Y, Miyamoto T, Boku N, Kato K. A phase 1/2 study of ramucirumab plus nivolumab in patients with previously treated advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Narita Y, Sasaki E, Yatabe Y, Kato K, Okano H, Mitani S, Honda K, Masuishi T, Taniguchi H, Kadowaki S, Ura T, Ando M, Tajika M, Ito S, Muro K. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) by three different assays and molecular profiling in tissue microarray (TMA) of gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mitani S, Taniguchi H, Honda K, Masuishi T, Narita Y, Kadowaki S, Ura T, Ando M, Tajika M, Muro K. Analysis of efficacy and prognostic factors in second-line chemotherapy for BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Honda K, Matoba T, Koga J, Nakano K, Tsutsui H, Egashira K. P698High cholesterol diet and angiotensin II induce spontaneous atherothrombotic occlusion of balloon-injured rabbit femoral arteries; effects of lipid-lowering therapies. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Miki K, Sumida M, Iwadoh K, Honda K, Murakami T. Recurrence of Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy with Monoclonal IgG3κ Deposits after Kidney Transplant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.17352/aot.000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ogura I, Kotake M, Ata S, Honda K. Quantitative measurement of carbon nanotubes released from their composites by thermal carbon analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/838/1/012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kakuya T, Mori T, Yoshimoto S, Watabe Y, Miura N, Shoji H, Onidani K, Shibahara T, Honda K. Prognostic significance of gene amplification of ACTN4 in stage I and II oral tongue cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46:968-976. [PMID: 28385383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite complete resection of the early stage of oral tongue cancer by partial glossectomy, late cervical lymph node metastasis is frequently observed. Gene amplification of ACTN4 (protein name: actinin-4) is closely associated with the metastatic potential of various cancers. This retrospective study was performed to demonstrate the potential usefulness of ACTN4 gene amplification as a prognostic biomarker in patients with stage I/II oral tongue cancer. Fifty-four patients with stage I/II oral tongue cancer were enrolled retrospectively, in accordance with the reporting recommendations for tumour marker prognostic studies (REMARK) guidelines. The copy number of ACTN4 and the protein expression of actinin-4 were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. The overall survival time of patients with gene amplification of ACTN4 was significantly shorter than that of patients without gene amplification (P=0.0010, log-rank test). Gene amplification of ACTN4 was a significant independent risk factor for death in patients with stage I/II oral tongue cancer (hazard ratio 6.08, 95% confidence interval 1.66-22.27). Gene amplification of ACTN4 is a potential prognostic biomarker for overall survival in oral tongue cancer.
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Iwai T, Yajima Y, Honda K, Murata S, Omura S, Tohnai I. Computational fluid dynamic simulation of pharyngeal airway before and after mandibular setback surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sasaki S, Watanabe J, Ohtaki H, Matsumoto M, Murai N, Nakamachi T, Hannibal J, Fahrenkrug J, Hashimoto H, Watanabe H, Sueki H, Honda K, Miyazaki A, Shioda S. Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide promotes eccrine gland sweat secretion. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:413-422. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Uchiyama K, Kamijo Y, Honda K, Yoshida R, Yanagi M, Nakatsuka M, Ishibashi Y. Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis in 2 Patients with Takayasu's Arteritis. Perit Dial Int 2017; 37:122-123. [PMID: 28153972 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ohkubo Y, Ishihara K, Sato H, Shibahara M, Nagatani A, Honda K, Endo K, Yamamura Y. Adhesive-free adhesion between polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and isobutylene–isoprene rubber (IIR) via heat-assisted plasma treatment. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27642c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surface was modified using atmospheric pressure plasma treatment under heating (heat-assisted plasma treatment) to promote its direct adhesion to isobutylene–isoprene rubber (IIR) without any adhesives.
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Ohkubo Y, Ishihara K, Sato H, Shibahara M, Nagatani A, Honda K, Endo K, Yamamura K. Correction: Adhesive-free adhesion between polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and isobutylene–isoprene rubber (IIR) via heat-assisted plasma treatment. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra90088k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Adhesive-free adhesion between polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and isobutylene–isoprene rubber (IIR) via heat-assisted plasma treatment’ by Y. Ohkubo et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 6432–6438.
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Tanaka N, Ohno S, Honda K, Tanimoto K, Doi T, Ohno-Nakahara M, Tafolla E, Kapila S, Tanne K. Cyclic Mechanical Strain Regulates the PTHrP Expression in Cultured Chondrocytes via Activation of the Ca2+ Channel. J Dent Res 2016; 84:64-8. [PMID: 15615878 DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between mechanical stimulation and chondrocyte homeostasis has been reported. However, the participation of PTHrP (parathyroid-hormone-related protein) in the mechano-regulation of chondrocyte metabolism remains unclear. We determined whether mechanical stimulation of chondrocytes induces the expression of PTHrP and, further, whether the mechano-modulation of PTHrP is dependent on the maturational status of chondrocytes. Cyclic mechanical strain was applied to rat growth plate chondrocytes at the proliferating, matrix-forming, and hypertrophic stages at 30 cycles/min. Cyclic mechanical strain significantly increased PTHrP mRNA levels in chondrocytes at the proliferating and matrix-forming stages only. The induction of PTHrP was dependent on loading magnitude at the proliferating stage. Using specific ion channel blockers, we determined that mechano-induction of PTHrP was inhibited by nifedipine, a Ca2+ channel blocker. These results suggest that mechanical induction of PTHrP possibly provides the environment for greater chondrocyte replication and matrix formation that would subsequently affect cartilage formation.
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Honda K, Miura N, Shiraishi H, Onidani K, Shoji H, Yamada T, Fujiwara Y, Ohe Y. Assessment of efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer with metastatic ability involving ACTN4. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw381.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Shoji H, Kato K, Yoshimoto S, Kakizaki F, Furuta K, Onidani K, Miura N, Honda K. Next-generation sequencing of circulating tumor cells isolated from peripheral blood of patients with head and neck or gastrointestinal cancer. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw392.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gyawali B, Shimokata T, Honda K, Ando Y. Risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) and fatal adverse events (FAEs) with sorafenib use in patients with solid cancers: a meta-analysis of phase 3 RCTs. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw390.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Yasuda M, Shinoda M, Honda K, Fujita M, Kawata A, Nagashima H, Watanabe M, Shoji N, Takahashi O, Kimoto S, Iwata K. Maternal Separation Induces Orofacial Mechanical Allodynia in Adulthood. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1191-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034516661159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that exposure to maternal separation (MS) in early life causes plastic changes in the nervous system in adulthood, occasionally resulting in ubiquitous chronic pain. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of pain hypersensitivity remain unclear. Here, the authors examined the involvement of corticosterone in orofacial mechanical hypersensitivity induced by MS. To establish a rat model of MS, pups were placed in isolated cages 180 min/d and kept in a temperature-controlled environment at 22 ± 2 °C for 14 d. Mechanical allodynia in the whisker pad skin in adulthood was induced by MS and was significantly suppressed by successive postnatal subcutaneous administration of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone. Corticosterone levels were increased in the serum of MS rats, and successive postnatal administration of subcutaneous corticosterone to naive rats induced mechanical allodynia in the whisker pad skin. The number of P2X3 receptor-immunoreactive (P2X3R-IR) trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons innervating the whisker pad skin was significantly increased in MS rats and decreased following subcutaneous administration of mifepristone. The number of P2X3R-IR TG neurons innervating the whisker pad skin was also significantly increased following successive postnatal administration of subcutaneous corticosterone in naive rats. Moreover, the mechanical allodynia was suppressed 30 min after administration of the P2X3R antagonist A317491 to the whisker pad skin in MS rats. These findings suggest that the increase in P2X3R-IR TG neurons innervating the whisker pad skin via enhanced neonatal corticosterone signaling by MS plays an important role in orofacial mechanical allodynia in adulthood.
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