Body image satisfaction and dissatisfaction, social physique anxiety, self-esteem, and body fat ratio in female exercisers and nonexercisers

We aimed to determine the relationship between social physique anxiety (SPA), body image dissatisfaction (BID), self-esteem (SE), and body fat ratio (BFR) in female exercisers and nonexercisers. Participants included 290 female exercisers and nonexercisers ranging in age from 18 to 60 (M = 24.0, SD = 10.0). One-way ANOVA and the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze data. Significant relationships were found between SPA, body image satisfaction (BIS), and SE. Differences between each group's SPA, BID, and SE scores were also notable. It was concluded, therefore, that exercising behavior had a moderating effect on SPA, BIS, and SE.

Preliminary screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of Anatolian Heptaptera species

The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts prepared from the fruits, aerial parts, and roots of Heptaptera anatolica (Boiss.) Tutin, (Umbelliferae), H. anisoptera (DC.) Tutin, H. cilicica (Boiss. & Balansa) Tutin (endemic), and H. triquetra (Vent.) Tutin were tested for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities. AChE inhibition was evaluated using ELISA microplate reader at 500, 1000, and 2000 microg mL(-1). Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test and Fe(+2)-ferrozine test system for metal chelating power at the same concentrations. Total phenol contents of the extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. At 2000 microg mL(-1), only the aerial parts and fruits of H. anatolica showed moderate anti-AChE effect (61.97% and 49.80%, respectively), while the aerial parts and fruits of H. triquetra had the highest DPPH scavenging effect (80.48% and 86.19%, respectively). All of the methanol extracts exhibited significant ferrous ion-chelating effect varying between 72.97% and 92.36%, whereas only four of the ethyl acetate extracts exerted chelating effect over 70%. These results indicate that Heptaptera species could be a good source for antioxidant compounds.

Does exogenous nitric oxide influence tympanosclerosis? An experimental study

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to elucidate the effects of exogenous nitric oxide application via myrigotomized rat tympanic membranes on tympanosclerosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Forty male rats were included in the study. After myringotomy, nitric oxide was given to the left tympanic cavities and saline was given to the right as the control group. The procedure was repeated 3 times with weekly intervals. Three months after the first procedure, otomicroscopic examination was made and the rats were sacrificed for histologic examination.

RESULTS

Neither otomicroscopic examination, nor histologic examination of middle ears and tympanic membranes revealed any significant difference between the right and left sides. Tympanic membrane thicknesses were also similar on both sides without showing any significant difference.

CONCLUSIONS

Data from this study indicate that exogenous nitric oxide application did not change the occurence of tympanosclerosis in the rat model. Other cytokine interactions are needed to start the reaction sequence leading to tympanosclerosis.

Effect of injecting with dexamethasone and progestagen-PMSG on reproduction and rearing of lambs in semi-intensive conditions

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different doses dexamethasone and progestagen-PMSG on fertility and prolificacy in Kivircik ewes during the breeding season. For the experiment, 100 ewes were divided into four groups, with 25 females in each group. Groups were fluorgestone acetate (FGA, 30 mg), administered via intravaginal sponges. Experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 mL dexamethasone injection were given 72 h before mating season. The fertility rates control, 2, 3 and 4 mL were 88.0, 92.0, 100.0 and 100.0%, respectively (p<0.05). The prolificacy rates for the same groups were 122.7, 130.4, 144.0 and 156.0%, respectively (p<0.01). The injections dexamethasone significantly increased lamb birth weight and daily weight gain for 60 days (p<0.05).

Secondary Metabolites from Eremostachys Laciniata

From the aerial parts of Eremostachys laciniata (Lamiaceae), a new acidic iridoid glucoside, 5-desoxysesamosidic acid (1) was isolated in addition to thirteen known iridoid glucosides, 5-desoxysesamoside (2), sesamoside (3), 6β-hydroxy-7- epi-loganin (4), chlorotuberoside (5), 5-deoxypulchelloside I (6), lamalbide (7), lamalbidic acid (8), phloyosides I (7- epi-phlomiol) (9), and II (10), phlomiol (11), shanzhiside (12), shanzhiside methyl ester (13), and barlerin (8- O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester) (14), four phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (15), leucosceptoside A (16), martynoside (17), and forsythoside B (18), and five flavone derivatives, luteolin (19), luteolin 7- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (20), luteolin 7- O-(6″- O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (21), apigenin 7- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (22), and apigenin 7- O-(6″- O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (23). The structures of the metabolites were elucidated from spectroscopic (UV, IR, 1D- and 2D-NMR) and ESI-MS evidence, as well as from their specific optical rotations. The presence of these metabolites of three different classes strongly supports the close relationship of the genera Eremostachys and Phlomis.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the external auditory canal

Pleomorphic adenoma of the external auditory canal is a rare disease. It is considered to derive from the ceruminous glands. The objective of this study is to familiarize the clinician with the clinical presentation and treatment of this disease. We report the case of a 58-year-old woman. Complete resection should be applied for cases in which magnetic resonanace imaging (MRI) and computerize tomography (CT) examination indicate no erosion in the bone and cartilage tissue. The patient should be seen regularly for recurrence.

Repair of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations with Seprafilm®

Objectives: We studied the experimental use of Seprafilm, a sheet-like filmform of hyaluronic acid, in the repair of subtotal perforations of the tympanic membrane (TM), and the durability of such repairs.

Method: The research was conducted on 42 Sprague–Dawley rats. Right TMs of all rats were subtotally and thermally perforated in the same fashion. Seprafilm was applied to the perforated TMs of the 21 rats comprising the experiment group. The perforated TMs of the remaining 21rats, the control group, were left to heal spontaneously.

Results: The mean healing times were recorded as 7.8 ± 0.6 days for the Seprafilm group and 14.9 ± 1.1 days for the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: These results suggest that Seprafilm may be a possible first choice (before thedecision to operate) in subtotal perforations, considering its easy application and patient follow-up.

Deep neck infection due to Lactococcus lactis cremoris: a case report

This report describes the first case of deep neck infection resulting from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. The case is associated with the consumption of unpasteurized milk and occurred in a patient with a buccal mucosa tumor. Anti-infective therapy with ceftriaxone and metronidazole resulted in complete resolution.

Investigation of the vertebrobasilar arterial system in vertigo by vestibulocochlear test, SPECT and angiography

OBJECTIVE

Perfusion of the areas of cochleovestibular structures was investigated using Tc-99m HMPAO single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) in the young patients with vertigo presumed to have peripheral vestibular abnormalities and compared the results with cochleovestibular test results, and vertebrobasilar angiography findings.

METHODS AND PATIENTS

The study was performed on 20 patients with vertigo and 17 control subjects who had performed vertebral arteriography due to another disease. The patients with vertigo presumed to be on peripheral vestibular disorder were included in the study. Systemic and otorhinolaryngological examination were carried out. Audiovestibular function was evaluated in all patients and control subjects. Brain SPECT was performed with a one-head rotating gamma camera system from 64 projections into a 64x64 matrix, using low energy and high-resolution fan beam collimators with a sampling time of 30 s. The images taken from cerebellum, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes which are supplied by a vertebrobasilar system were compared visually with the other side and asymmetry in the perfusion was searched. After cochleovestibular tests and laboratory had been completed, vertebral arteriography was performed bilaterally in all patients. Results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the vestibulocochlear test were compared with images of SPECT. Data analysis was done with Yates Chi(2) and percentages of sensitivity and specificity were calculated.

RESULTS

There was vestibular test and cochlear test abnormalities in eight and ten of the patients with vertigo, respectively. SPECT imaging showed hypoperfusion and decreased regional blood flow in 12 of the patients. There was statistically significant differences between the study and control groups in SPECT (P<0.05). Five patients showed abnormal findings in DSA examinations.

CONCLUSION

It is believed that SPECT may be helpful in the detection of vascular pathology in the patients with vertigo.

Giant polypoid tumor of the esophagus

A patient with a giant polypoid tumor of the esophagus, measuring 22 cm in length is described in this report. The patient presented with cough attacks and respiratory distress. Diagnostic and therapeutic intervention required aggressive airway management, radiographic and endoscopic evaluation, and definitive surgical treatment. Benign esophageal tumors are rarely seen and originate from the upper third of esophagus, frequently close to the cricopharyngeus muscle. They may attain giant proportions. A variety of clinical presentations are described, the most serious being asphyxia secondary to laryngeal obstruction. We observed a giant esophageal tumor which was interpreted as angiofibromyolipoma that caused laryngeal obstruction. We present the clinical picture and histopathological findings of the tumor.

The effects of natural ostium and nasoantral window on mucosal regeneration after maxillary sinus surgery in rabbits

The aims of the study were to investigate the effects of natural ostium and the nasoantral window on the mucosal regeneration after maxillary sinus surgery and to detect the changes in the mucociliary clearance during regeneration process. Twenty-eight rabbits were studied. In the study group consisting of 21 rabbits, the mucosa of each right maxillary sinus was totally removed, natural ostium was occluded with bone-wax and a nasoantral window was created, while the left sinus mucosa was removed and the natural ostium was left open without creating a nasoantral window. Maxillary sinus mucosa taken during surgery was investigated by light and electron microscopy. The study group was divided into three subgroups. The first group was followed for 2, the second for 4, and the last group for 8 weeks. At the end of these periods, the mucociliary function was evaluated scintigraphically using 99mTc-Human serum albumin. Following this investigation mucosal biopsies were taken from the right and left sinuses and the rabbits were sacrificed. In the control group consisting of 7 rabbits a small hole was opened in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus of each rabbit and the scintigraphic evaluation was performed for this group at the end of each follow up period as well. In the histopathologic investigation, no difference was found between the natural and the nasoantral window using light microscopy, but there was a difference between them in the electron microscopic findings (p < 0.05, Chi-square test). The scintigraphic, light and electron microscopic findings and gross appearances of the sinuses are discussed.

Huge osteoma of the frontoethmoidal sinus with secondary brain abscess

Osteomas of paranasal sinuses are usually asymptomatic. When enlarged, they may cause serious complications. We report a case of huge frontoethmoidal osteoma associated with brain abscess. If an osteoma associated with an intracerebral pathology is detected, it should be remembered that this could have been a complication of the osteoma and a detailed radiological examination should be performed to show the extent of the osteoma and to confirm any defect at the posterior wall of the sinus which may lead intracerebral complications. Such an osteoma should be operated after the abscess was resolved and patient became stable neurologically.