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Abstract
BACKGROUND The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low level laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India. OBJECTIVES To compare low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone for treating tuberculosis. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register (December 2005), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2005, Issue 4), MEDLINE (1966 to December 2005), EMBASE (1974 to December 2005), CINAHL (1982 to December 2005), Science Citation Index (1945 to December 2005), PEDro (1929 to December 2005), the Central Medical Library of Moscow catalogue (1988 to June 2005), the internet, and reference lists of articles. We contacted relevant organizations and researchers for the original version. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials comparing low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone in people with tuberculosis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data, including adverse events. MAIN RESULTS One randomized controlled trial (130 participants) conducted in India met the inclusion criteria. This trial was poorly reported, with no information on the generation of allocation sequence or allocation concealment. The trial report did not provide details on the group that each of the participants were randomized into or which group those participants that left the trial were from. This precluded the use of its data on time to sputum conversion and other outcome measures for analysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The use of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis is still not supported by reliable evidence. Researchers need to focus on conducting well-designed randomized controlled trials to justify the continued participation of volunteers for studies of this experimental intervention.
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Novopashina DS, Kulikov RN, Kuznetsova MA, Venyaminova AG, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV. Perfluoroarylazide derivatives of 2'-O-modified oligoribonucleotides: efficient reagents for RNA photomodification. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 24:1-14. [PMID: 15715195 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-46771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific photomodification of the 5'-terminal fragment of MDR1 mRNA by perfluoroarylazide derivatives of 2'-O-modified (2'-O-methyl or 2'-O-tetrahydropyranyl) oligoribo- and oligodeoxyribonucleotides was investigated. The conjugates built of 2'-O-modified oligoribonucleotides demonstrate beneficial features compared with their deoxyribo analogs: the extent of RNA modification by 2'-O-modified oligoribonucleotides and oligodeoxyribonucleotide conjugates was 40- 50% and 20%, respectively.
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Logashenko EB, Vladimirova AV, Zenkov AN, Repkova MN, Ven'yaminova AG, Chernolovskaya EL, Vlassov VV. Reversion of the multiple-drug resistance phenotype mediated by short interfering RNAs. Russ Chem Bull 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-005-0398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Koval OA, Oleinikova SB, Litvak VV, Vlassov VV, Chernolovskaya EL. Oxidative DNA cleavage by free and oligonucleotide-conjugated O-bromobenzoic acid in the presence of copper(II) ions. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:849-53. [PMID: 15560071 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200026030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
o-Bromobenzoic acid was found to promote copper-dependent reactive oxygen species formation from molecular oxygen, resulting in DNA base modification and backbone cleavage. The oligonucleotide conjugate bearing 5-(4'-aminopropyl-sulfomoyl)-2-bromobenzoic acid as a reactive group was synthesized and DNA cleavage activity of this oligonucleotide conjugate was tested on a model deoxyoligonucleotide.
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Zenkov AN, Scvortsova NV, Chernolovskaya EL, Pospelova TI, Vlassov VV. Expression of the MDR1 and MRP genes in patients with lymphoma with primary bone marrow involvement. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:843-7. [PMID: 15560070 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200026029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Expression of MDR1 and MRP genes in patients with low-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with primary bone marrow involvement before and after chemotherapy was investigated. The data demonstrate that overexpression of MDR1 and MRP genes in hematological malignancies elevates in patients after chemotherapy and correlates with poor clinic prognosis and more frequent recurrences of the malignancies.
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Mironova NL, Boutorine YI, Pyshnyi DV, Ivanova EM, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV. Ribonuclease activity of the peptides with alternating arginine and leucine residues conjugated to tetrathymidilate. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:885-90. [PMID: 15560077 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200026036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
RNA cleaving conjugates have been prepared by attachment of oligodeoxyribonucleotide TTTT to peptides containing arginine, leucine, proline and serine residues. The highest activity was displayed by the conjugates containing peptides with alternating arginine and leucine residues (LR)4G-amide. Ribonuclease activity of the conjugates pep-T4 decreases in the order T4-(LR)4G > T4-(LR)2G > T4-(LLRR)2G > T4-(LR)2PRLRG > S2R3-Hmda-T4 > or = R5 double dagger (LR)3. According to CD spectra, the free peptide (LR)4G-amide in water solution at neutral pH and physiological ionic strength has no pronounced secondary structure whereas conjugated to oligonucleotide it acquires a folding similar to alpha-helix.
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Logashenko EB, Vladimirova AV, Repkova MN, Venyaminova AG, Chernolovskaya EL, Vlassov VV. Silencing of MDR 1 gene in cancer cells by siRNA. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:861-6. [PMID: 15560073 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200026032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of p-glycoprotein (PGP) expression and reverse of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in KB-8-5 cells by synthetic 21-bp double-stranded oligoribonucleotides were investigated. siRNA constructs for the efficient down regulation of MDR1 that are active in nanomolar concentrations and cause reversal of MDR phenotype in cells were developed.
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Kabilova TO, Chernolovskaya EL, Vladimirova AV, Vlassov VV. Silencing of c-myc expression in tumor cells by siRNA. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:867-72. [PMID: 15560074 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200026033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of c-myc protooncogene expression in KB-3-1 cells by siRNA was investigated. The siRNA duplex targeted to the exon 3 of c-myc mRNA was prepared by in vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase on short dsDNA-templates. It was found that incubation of KB-3-1 cells in the presence of 75 nM siRNA results in decrease of the c-myc mRNA level down to 5% of the level in the control cells and significant decline of KB-3-1 cell proliferation rate. Using 200 nM siRNA four-fold decrease of KB-3-1 cells proliferation rate was observed and this effect was stable at least 96 h after transfection.
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Chelobanov BP, Laktionov PP, Kharkova MV, Rykova EY, Pyshnyi DV, Pyshnaya IA, Marcus K, Meyer HE, Vlassov VV. Interaction of keratin K1 with nucleic acids on the cell surface. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2004; 68:1239-46. [PMID: 14640967 DOI: 10.1023/b:biry.0000009139.61845.7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of surface proteins from A431 cells and cellular extracts with nucleic acids was investigated using affinity modification with 32P-labeled reactive oligonucleotide derivatives. Proteins with molecular weights of 68, 46, 38, and 28 kD as well as several low molecular weight proteins capable of binding to nucleic acids were found on the surface of intact cells. It was demonstrated that a protein with molecular weight of 68 kD is exposed at the cell surface, since the treatment of cells with trypsin results in the cleavage of this protein. Disruption of the integrity of the cell membrane (scrapping, treatment with trypsin, or permeabilization of the cell membrane with streptolysin O or saponin) disrupts the interaction of the reactive oligonucleotides with the cell surface proteins. Affinity modification of the cytosolic and membrane-cytosolic cell fractions with labeled oligonucleotides results in the modification of a large number of proteins, where proteins with molecular weights of 68, 46, 38, and 28 kD can be found as minor components. Surface oligonucleotide-binding proteins with molecular weight of ~68 kD were isolated by affinity chromatography after the modification of intact A431 cells with a reactive oligonucleotide derivative. The isolated surface oligonucleotide-binding proteins from A431 cells were sequenced, and one of the proteins was identified as keratin K1.
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Kuznetsova IL, Zhdan NS, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV, Sil"nikov VN. Artificial ribonucleases. 5. Synthesis and ribonuclease activity of tripeptides composed of amino acids involved in catalytic centers of natural ribonucleases. Russ Chem Bull 2004. [DOI: 10.1023/b:rucb.0000030824.26304.cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Koval OA, Oleinikova SB, Chernolovskaya EL, Litvak VV, Vlassov VV. New reagent for protein-DNA contacts footprinting. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 22:1587-9. [PMID: 14565472 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120023040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We have found, that the reaction of o-bromobenzoic acid with Cu2+ ions can be used as a source of activated oxygen species capable of cleaving DNA. Possibility to apply this reaction for footprinting the nucleosome core in the reconstituted chromatin was demonstrated.
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Laktionov PP, Chelobanov BP, Kharkova MV, Rykova EY, Pyshnyi DV, Pyshnaya IA, Marcus K, Meyer HE, Vlassov VV. Cell surface oligonucleotide-binding proteins of human squamous carcinoma A431 cells. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 22:1715-9. [PMID: 14565503 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120023121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Affinity modified with Flu-DAP-p(N)16degU oligonucleotide-binding proteins were isolated by affinity chromatography using Ultrogel A2-anti fluorescein antibodies. After separation by SDS-PAGE the proteins with molecular masses about 68 kDa were MS/MS sequenced and identified as keratin K1, keratin K10, keratin K2e and albumin.
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Koval OA, Chernolovskaya EL, Litvak VV, Vlassov VV. Site-directed cleavage of DNA by an oligonucleotide conjugate with o-bromobenzoic acid in the presence of copper ions. Russ Chem Bull 2003. [DOI: 10.1023/b:rucb.0000012378.93181.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kulikov RN, Kostenko EV, Kuznetsova MA, Novopashina DS, Chernonosov AA, Vorob"ev PE, Ven"yaminova AG, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV. Russ Chem Bull 2003; 52:247-257. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1022437524278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zhdanov RI, Podobed OV, Vlassov VV. Cationic lipid-DNA complexes-lipoplexes-for gene transfer and therapy. Bioelectrochemistry 2002; 58:53-64. [PMID: 12401571 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5394(02)00132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipid-mediated gene transfer and delivery still attract great attention of many gene therapy laboratories. From the point of view of the most important characteristics of lipoplex particles, e.g. its charge and size, we reviewed recent studies available. In general, the paper deals with non-viral systems of gene transfer into eukaryotic cell based on various lipids. Having usually less efficiency in gene transfer, lipid-based gene transfer vehicles (lipoplexes/genosomes) are characterized with certain advantages even over viral ones: they are less toxic and immunogenic, could be targetable and are easy for large-scale production, a size of transferred DNA being quite high. Conditions of DNA condensation during interactions with lipids are described. Results of the studies of mechanism of DNA-lipid complex interactions with the cell membrane and their transport into the nucleus are summarized. Dependence of efficiency of gene transfer on lipoplex structure and physical-chemical properties is reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of different macromolecule complexes from the point of view of transfection efficiency, possibility of use in vivo, cytotoxicity and targeted gene transfer in certain organs and tissues are also discussed. Results of transfection of different cells using neutral, anion and cation liposomes are reviewed. The conclusion reached was that efficiency and specificity of gene transfer may grow considerably when mixed macromolecule lipid systems including polycations and glycolipids are used.
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Ryte AS, Karamyshev VN, Nechaeva MV, Guskova ZV, Ivanova EM, Zarytova VF, Vlassov VV. Interaction of cholesterol-conjugated alkylating oligonucleotide derivatives with cellular biopolymers. FEBS Lett 2002; 299:124-6. [PMID: 1371975 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80229-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of oligonucleotide derivatives with mammalian cells and cellular biopolymers have been investigated. The derivatives were oligonucleotides bearing an alkylating 2-chloroethylamino group at the 3'-end and a cholesterol residue at the 5'-terminal phosphate. These compounds are readily taken up by cells and react with cellular DNA, RNA and some proteins which may play a role in delivery of the compounds into cells.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low energy laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis in randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. To seek information about potential benefits or harms from observational studies. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group specialized trials register (up to June 2001), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Issue 1, 2001), MEDLINE (1966 to December 2001), EMBASE (1988 to December 2001), CINAHL (up to November 2001), PEDro (up to November 2001), the Science Citation Index (up to December 2001), National Centre for Science Information at the Indian Institute of Science (15 April 2002), electronic catalogue of the Central Medical Library (Moscow; 1988 to January 2002), the internet using 'Google' (21 January 2002), and reference lists of articles. We contacted relevant organizations and researchers. SELECTION CRITERIA (1) Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing low level laser therapy with no low level laser therapy in people with tuberculosis. We also conducted a subsidiary analysis of of the potential benefits and harms from observational studies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Adverse event information was collected from the studies. MAIN RESULTS No randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for the review. The potential benefits and harms from 29 observational studies involving over 3500 people are described. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS We have not identified any well designed trials using low level laser therapy (LLLT) to treat tuberculosis. Therefore, the use of LLLT to treat tuberculosis is not supported by reliable evidence.
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Gainutdinov TI, Shestova OE, Yakubov LA, Dobrikov MI, Vlassov VV. Russ Chem Bull 2002; 51:1198-1203. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1020940210953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Konevetz DA, Mironova NL, Beck IE, Zenkova MA, Shishkin GV, Vlassov VV, Silnikov VN. Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 2002; 28:331-341. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1019504227151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kuznetsova MA, Repkova MN, Fokina AA, Venyaminova AG, Vlassov VV. Russ Chem Bull 2002; 51:1190-1193. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1020936110045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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74
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Chelobanov BP, Laktionov PP, Khar"kova MV, Rykova EY, Pyshnyi DV, Pyshnaya IA, Silnikov VN, Vlassov VV. Russ Chem Bull 2002; 51:1204-1211. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1020992227792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Mironova NL, Pyshnyi DV, Ivanova EM, Zarytova VF, Zenkova MA, Gross HJ, Vlassov VV. Russ Chem Bull 2002; 51:1177-1186. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1020932009136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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77
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Koval OA, Chernolovskaya EL, Litvak VV, Vlassov VV. Cu(2+)-dependent DNA-cleaving activity of arenes. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2001; 20:851-4. [PMID: 11563130 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-100002444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of Cu(II) ions, plasmid DNA is cleaved under physiological condition by different arenes at low concentrations. The cleavage was dependent on the presence of O2. The DNA cleavage efficiency of the designed system arene-Cu is comparable to that of the well-known DNA cleaving reagents such as phenanthroline-Cu and ascorbic acid-Cu. However in contrast to the mentioned reagents, the system arene-Cu does not require external reducing agents or H2O2.
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Tomasi V, Laktionov PP, Bryksin AV, Volod'ko NV, Griffoni C, Rykova EY, Spisni E, Kraft R, Vlassov VV. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is responsible for intranuclear localization of some oligonucleotides. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2001; 20:863-7. [PMID: 11563133 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-100002447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear accumulation of ODNs has been associated with their binding to a series of nuclear proteins. These interactions could be responsible for the sequence-independent effects of ODNs as well as for their sequence-specific interactions and their intracellular distribution. Investigation of interaction of ODNs with these proteins may shed light on the mechanisms of cellular uptake and nuclear accumulation of oligonucleotides.
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Chernolovskaya EL, Koshkin AA, Vlassov VV. Interaction of LNA oligonucleotides with mdr1 promoter. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2001; 20:847-50. [PMID: 11563129 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-100002443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
LNA oligonucleotides [1] can be used for targeting to double stranded DNA by the "strand invasion" mechanism. We used affinity modification by reactive oligonucleotide conjugates for investigation of oligonucleotides interaction with structured DNA. The tested LNAs and oligonucleotides of the same sequence were assayed as anti-mdr1 drugs in different cell cultures. One of the oligos, LNA79 strongly inhibited mdr1 induction in Hela cells and totally prevented activation of mdr1 in K-562.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- DNA, Superhelical/chemistry
- DNA, Superhelical/drug effects
- DNA, Superhelical/metabolism
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Oligonucleotides/chemistry
- Oligonucleotides/pharmacology
- Plasmids/chemistry
- Plasmids/drug effects
- Plasmids/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
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Giegé R, Felden B, Zenkova MA, Sil'nikov VN, Vlassov VV. Cleavage of RNA with synthetic ribonuclease mimics. Methods Enzymol 2001; 318:147-65. [PMID: 10889986 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)18050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Beloglazova NG, Sil'nikov VN, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV. Cleavage of yeast tRNAPhe with complementary oligonucleotide conjugated to a small ribonuclease mimic. FEBS Lett 2000; 481:277-80. [PMID: 11007978 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An oligonucleotide conjugate bearing a chemical construct mimicking the catalytic center of ribonuclease A has been designed and studied. The conjugate efficiently cleaves yeast tRNAPhe at a single site adjacent to the target complementary sequence.
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Dobrikov MI, Gainutdinov TI, Ivanova TM, Vlassov VV. Sensitized site-specific photomodification of ssDNA by binary systems of oligonucleotide conjugates: VI. Effect of substituents in the sensitizer anthracene residue. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02758630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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83
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Kostenko EV, Beabealashvilly RS, Vlassov VV, Zenkova MA. Secondary structure of the 5'-region of PGY1/MDR1 mRNA. FEBS Lett 2000; 475:181-6. [PMID: 10869552 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to identify the optimal target sites for antisense oligonucleotides in the human multiple drug resistance mRNA, the secondary structure of the 5'-terminal part of this mRNA (nucleotides 1-678) was investigated. By using results of probing with ribonucleases T1, ONE and V1 and results of computer simulations, a model of the 5'-region of the PGY1/MDR1 mRNA was built. The molecule is formed by three major domains comprising several hairpins separated by single-stranded fragments. The predicted single-stranded regions of the PGY1/MDR1 mRNA efficiently bind complementary oligonucleotides.
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Abramova TV, Leonetti JP, Vlassov VV, Lebleu B. Synthesis and properties of photolabile (caged) phosphotriester derivatives of dinucleoside phosphates. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02786343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Makel'Skaya MV, Koval OA, Kobets ND, Vlassov VV. Formation of nucleosomes does not suppress interaction of a DNA fragment with an alkylating derivative of a pyrimidine oligonucleotide. ANTISENSE & NUCLEIC ACID DRUG DEVELOPMENT 1999; 9:533-6. [PMID: 10645779 DOI: 10.1089/oli.1.1999.9.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oligonucleotide derivatives capable of binding to specific nucleic acids are considered as potential therapeutic agents, exerting their action at the level of genome functioning (Hélène, 1991; Knorre et al., 1993). A straightforward approach to targeting DNA is based on using oligonucleotides capable of binding to oligopurine-oligopyrimidine sequences by formation of triple-strand structures. We report results of experiments on sequence-specific chemical modification of a 490-bp fragment of pfosCAT plasmid, containing the promoter segment of the c-fos gene using 4-(N-2-chloroethyl-N-methylamino)-benzylphosphamide derivatives of a homopyrimidine 14-mer oligonucleotide. It was shown that in both the free DNA and the DNA involved in nucleosome structure, reaction occurred with similar efficiency at the target guanosine residue G404.
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Bichenkova EV, Marks D, Dobrikov MI, Vlassov VV, Morris GA, Douglas KT. Refined high-field NMR solution structure of a binary-addressed pyrene/perfluoro-azide complementary DNA oligonucleotide system shows extensive distortion in the central nick region. J Biomol Struct Dyn 1999; 17:193-211. [PMID: 10563570 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.1999.10508353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The structural analysis of the photoactivated binary system of complementary-addressing nucleic acid sequences (1:2:3) by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and restrained molecular dynamics is reported. The binary system comprised a 12 base-pair target DNA sequence, pdGTATCAGTTTCT (1), and two hexanucleotides, (dAGAAACp-L-Az (2) and Pyr-pdTGATAC (3)), complementary to neighbouring sites in the target DNA. Oligonucleotide (2) is conjugated with a p-azidotetrafludrobenzyl group (Az) via a linker group (L), and the other oligonucleotide (3) is equipped with the photosensitizing pyrenyl-1-methylamino group (Pyr). We now extend the structural analysis of 1:2:3, which was previously based on qualitative 2D 1H-NMR data and thermodynamic analysis of complex formation from UV-visible thermal denaturation experiments. In the current work structural refinement was performed by separate molecular dynamics runs for six different starting structures based on 318 proton-proton distance-range constraints, evaluated from the 1H-NOESY spectrum (tau(mix) = 200 ms, 600 MHz) using complete relaxation matrix analysis (NMR/TRIAD/MARDIGRAS). Additional Watson-Crick hydrogen bond restraints were included in the calculations based on the detected signals from the exchangeable protons, using REFOPT(NY) methods. The final averaged structure obtained from the six refined co-ordinate sets showed a considerable degree of axis bend (62.5 degrees) with the bending point in the middle of the duplex in the region of the backbone nick between the two short oligonucleotides. The complex behaves dynamically as the equivalent of two short B-DNA-like duplexes displaying a hinge-like flexing at their junction. In all final structures the Pyr function location was very restricted, the aromatic group lying in the duplex minor groove near residues 4T, 5C and 2T. In contrast, the location of the perfluoroazido group was different in all the final structures, indicating the high flexibility of this group in the duplex. The only feature common to all six final azido group orientations was the outside location on the side of the major groove. The distance between the Pyr and Az groups varied from 11 A to 24 A for the six final structures (17 A, final average structure). The dynamics of duplex denaturation for 1:2:3 was probed by monitoring the temperature-induced NMR line broadening of the imino protons in a 1D variable temperature NMR experiment. The melting of 1:2:3 starts both from the ends and from the middle part of the duplex at the backbone break between the two short oligonucleotides reflecting the destabilisation of the pyrene-arylazido nick region in the duplex.
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87
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Dobrikov MI, Bichenkova EV, Douglas KT, Gainutdinov TI, Vlassov VV. Structure of photoreactive binary system of oligonucleotide conjugates assembled on the target nucleotide sequence. J Biomol Struct Dyn 1999; 17:213-21. [PMID: 10563571 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.1999.10508354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently we have developed an approach to superspecific photomodification of nucleic acids by binary systems of oligonucleotides conjugated to precursor groups capable of assembling into photoactivatable structure upon simultaneous binding of the conjugates to the target. We have investigated the solution structure of a model binary system 1:2:3, where 1 is the target 12-mer 5'-pdGTATCAGTTTCT, 2 is the photoreactive conjugate 5'-dAGAAACp-NH(CH2)2NH-Az and 3 is the sensitizing conjugate 5'-Pyr-pdTGATAC (Az is p-azidotetrafluorobenzoyl group and Pyr is the pyrenyl-1-methylamino group). The photoreaction within this complex results in crosslinking of reagent 2 with N7-position of the G7 residue of the target thus indicating that the photoreactive Az residue is located in the major groove near the G7 residue. The center-to-center distances between the Pyr and Az moieties in complex 1:2:3 independently determined by the Pyr-group fluorescence quenching and the Az-group sensitized photodecomposition were 11.2 and 12.6 A, respectively.
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88
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Kit YY, Kuligina EV, Onishchenko AM, Yurchenko LV, Romannikova IV, Richter VA, Vlassov VV. Endogenous oligonucleotides of human milk and their possible biological function. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 1999; 64:896-900. [PMID: 10498805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Oligonucleotides (ON) 4 to 60 nucleotides in length were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography on a column with Fractogel TSK DEAE-650 (M) from human milk which was hydrolyzed with proteinase K. ON from 60 to 16 nucleotides were degraded by RNase A but were resistant to DNase I, and, thus, they were ribooligonucleotides. In the presence of [gamma-32P]ATP, ON and heparin inhibited the phosphorylation of 38- and 20-kD milk proteins and failed to affect the phosphorylation of a 76-kD protein. Human milk is believed to contain polyanion-dependent and polyanion-independent protein kinases. The influence of the ON on the activity of the cytotoxic fraction of human milk alpha-lactalbumin towards human mammary gland carcinoma MCF-7 cells was studied. The ON inhibited the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of alpha-lactalbumin. Synthetic oligonucleotides and heparin had similar effects. The endogenous ON are suggested to be involved in the regulation of cytotoxic activity of human milk.
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89
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Laktionov PP, Dazard JE, Vives E, Rykova EY, Piette J, Vlassov VV, Lebleu B. Characterisation of membrane oligonucleotide-binding proteins and oligonucleotide uptake in keratinocytes. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27:2315-24. [PMID: 10325420 PMCID: PMC148797 DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.11.2315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate cellular compartmentalisation of plasmid DNA and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) is generally considered as a major limitation in their use. In this study, an approach combining in situ visual-isation of rhodamine-labelled ODNs and affinity modification of proteins by radiolabelled-alkylating ODN derivatives has been used to investigate the uptake of ODNs into keratinocytes. We confirm here that unmodified ODNs are efficiently taken up and accumulate in cell nuclei in primary keratinocytes as well as in HaCaT and A431 keratinocyte cell lines. Uptake is fast, irreversible, saturable and not significantly altered by incubation at low temperature. Affinity modification studies in keratinocyte cell lines has revealed two high-affinity, cell-specific interactions between ODNs and proteins of 61-63 kDa and 35 kDa. Trypsin pre-treatment of A431 cells and pre-incubation with polyanions, or with unlabelled nucleic acid competitors, inhibited the accumulation of rhodamine-labelled ODNs in nuclei as well as the affinity labelling of the 61-63 kDa doublet and 35 kDa ODN-binding proteins by reactive ODN derivatives. Finally, cell fractionation studies indicated that these ODN-binding proteins were essentially localised in the plasma membrane. Our results suggest that these ODN-binding proteins might be involved in the recognition and transport of ODNs into keratinocytes.
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90
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Vlassov VV. Changes in blood hemoglobin concentration of middle-aged healthy men. Mil Med 1999; 164:311-5. [PMID: 10226463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Because data on age changes in blood hemoglobin concentration (Hb) originate from cross-sectional studies, they are biased as a result of disease-associated changes in Hb and selective mortality of subjects with high and low Hb. The purpose of this project was to study longitudinally the age-associated changes in Hb among military aviators. Data were extracted from the medical files of 807 subjects, of whom 213 were healthy. There was an increase in Hb among men 20 to 45 years old. In all three types of analysis (in cohorts, in groups with different ages at diagnosis of the first chronic disease, and in groups of healthy subjects in service at different ages), subjects who were healthier (eligible for flying until a later age, later age at diagnosis of the first chronic disease, and no chronic disease at later age) had lower Hb and a steeper increase in Hb with age.
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91
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Abstract
Plasmid pUC19 DNA was shown to stimulate in vitro proliferation of CBA mouse splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneous treatment of the cells with the plasmid DNA and Con A or LPS produced an additive effect, while PMA acted synergistically with DNA. Monovalent Fab fragments of rabbit anti-mouse Ig (RAMIg) antibodies significantly inhibited plasmid DNA-induced polyclonal lymphocyte activation suggesting the involvement of Ig receptors in this process. Affinity modification of lymphocytes membrane-cytosole proteins with a 32P-labeled alkylating oligonucleotide derivative resulted in labeling of 67-82 and 23 kDa polypeptides corresponding to IgD and IgM heavy and light chains respectively. The immunoglobulin nature of the 82 and 23 kDa oligonucleotide-binding polypeptides was confirmed by immunoprecipitation with RAMIg antibodies.
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92
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Petyuk VA, Zenkova MA, Giege R, Vlassov VV. Hybridization of antisense oligonucleotides with the 3'part of tRNA(Phe). FEBS Lett 1999; 444:217-21. [PMID: 10050762 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides with yeast tRNA(Phe) was investigated. 14-15-mers complementary to the 3'-terminal sequence including the ACCA end bind to the tRNA under physiological conditions. At low oligonucleotide concentrations the binding occurs at the unique complementary site. At higher oligonucleotide concentrations, the second oligonucleotide molecule binds to the complex due to non-perfect duplex formation in the T-loop stabilized by stacking between the two bound oligonucleotides. In these complexes the acceptor stem is open and the 5'-terminal sequence of the tRNA is accessible for binding of a complementary oligonucleotide. The results prove that the efficient binding of oligonucleotides to the 3'-terminal sequence of the tRNA occurs through initial binding to the single-stranded sequence ACCA followed by invasion in the acceptor stem and strand displacement.
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93
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Vlassov VV. Cancer incidence in USAF aircrew. AVIATION, SPACE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 1999; 70:89-90. [PMID: 9895029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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94
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Yakubov LA, Kit YY, Richter VA, Andreeva AY, Karamyshev VN, Stein CA, Vlassov VV. The extracellular domain of CD4 receptor possesses a protein kinase activity. FEBS Lett 1998; 431:45-8. [PMID: 9684862 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The CD4 receptor of T-helper cells is an essential participant in immune response formation and HIV infection. We report here that the extracellular domains of CD4 receptor can catalyze the phosphotransferase (kinase) reaction. Incubation of rsCD4 in solution with [gamma-32P]ATP results in the Ca2+-dependent autophosphorylation of the protein presumably at a His residue because the reaction is prevented by the diethylpyrocarbonate treatment. The rsCD4 phosphorylates milk casein or human plasma proteins as a Ser/Thr protein kinase.
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95
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Bichenkova EV, Marks DS, Lokhov SG, Dobrikov MI, Vlassov VV, Douglas KT. Structural studies by high-field NMR spectroscopy of a binary-addressed complementary oligonucleotide system juxtaposing pyrene and perfluoro-azide units. J Biomol Struct Dyn 1997; 15:307-20. [PMID: 9399157 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.1997.10508194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a new approach has been proposed to improve the site-specificity and efficiency of the modification of nucleic acid target sequences, the binary system of complementary-addressing nucleic acid sequences. The binary system comprises two oligonucleotides, one modified with a photosensitizing group and the other with a photoreactive group. The sites of chemical modification are arranged to bring the two chemical functions close enough together in space to allow efficient energy transfer from the photo-excited photosensitizer to an arylazide moiety which expels N2 to form a nitrene which subsequently covalently labels the target nucleic acid. Structural analysis performed by high-resolution 2D NMR spectroscopy (400 MHz and 600 MHz) are reported for the model binary system 1:2:3, where 1 is the target 12-mer pdGTATCAGTTTCT, 2 is a photoactivatable fluoroazide derivative dAGAAACp-L-Az and 3 is the photosensitizer derivative Pyr-pdTGATAC (here: Az is the p-azidotetrafluorobenzyl group, Pyr the pyrenyl-1-methylamino group, L a linker group). The assignment of oligonucleotide and modifying group protons was performed using 1H COSY, TOCSY and NOESY experiments. Comprehensive analysis of 1H NOESY spectra of 1:2:3 showed that terminal fragments of the complex [5'p-1T-2G-3A-4T-], [-21A-22T-23A-24C], [-8T-9T-10T-11C-12T] and [13A-14G-15A-15A-17A-18C-] gave a continuous set of intra- and inter-nucleotide interactions, typical of regular double-stranded B-DNA. In contrast, the central region of the complex composed of 5C, 6A, 7G, 19T and 20G nucleotide residues, nearest the Pyr and Az groups, was found to be distorted. Thus some signals from aromatic and/or sugar-ring protons of the above nucleotide residues were extremely broadened or almost absent. Moreover, some intra- and/or inter-nucleotide interactions, typical of the regular DNA duplex, were not detected for the [-5C-6A-7G-] and [-19T-20G-] regions of the tandem system. Instead of that, some cross-peaks of low-intensity between the H2 proton of the Pyr group and 7G(H1'), 7G(H2'/H2"), 7G(H3'), 4T(H2"), 4T(H4') and 4T(H5'/H5") were observed. Additional 1H -1H NOE-interactions between methylene protons of the linker group L and some sugar ring protons of 18C nucleotide residue were detected. A preliminary structural model, constructed using proton-proton distances between Pyr and the DNA and Az-L and DNA obtained from a 1H NOESY experiment at 300 ms mixing time as constraints for the refinement of the structure, displayed significant distortion from B-DNA of the double-stranded helix in the middle of the complex, (-5C-6A-7G, -18C-19T-20G-). The Pyr group was located in what remains of the minor groove near 4T, 5C, 6A and 7G and the centroid of the azide ring less than 9A degrees from the centroid of the ring system of Pyr group.
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Dobrikov MI, Gaidamakov SA, Gainutdinov TI, Koshkin AA, Vlassov VV. Sensitized photomodification of single-stranded DNA by a binary system of oligonucleotide conjugates. ANTISENSE & NUCLEIC ACID DRUG DEVELOPMENT 1997; 7:309-17. [PMID: 9303182 DOI: 10.1089/oli.1.1997.7.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A photoactivatable binary system of oligonucleotide conjugates that form reactive species when assembling on a target nucleotide sequence has been developed. The binary system consists of two oligonucleotides. One contains a photosensitizing group, and the second contains a photoreactive group. Binding of the oligonucleotides to adjacent sequences in the target nucleic acid brings the groups in contact, which allows transfer of the absorbed energy from the sensitizer to the reagent and triggers crosslinking of the reagent to the target. One advantage of the binary system is the improved specificity, which is determined by independent binding of two oligonucleotides to the target sequence. Another advantage is the very high efficiency of the reaction achieved because each molecule of the target-bound sensitizing conjugate can activate many photoreactive oligonucleotide conjugate molecules bound to the target sequence.
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97
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Laktionov PP, Krepkii DV, Bryksin AV, Vlassov VV. Interaction of oligonucleotides with barrier fluid proteins. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 1997; 62:613-8. [PMID: 9284542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Affinity modification of proteins was used to study their interaction with oligonucleotides barrier fluids. Several proteins of saliva and tears were shown to undergo affinity modification during incubation with an alkylating derivative of deoxyribooligonucleotides. In tears, such proteins were lactoferrin, immunoglobin G and lysozyme; in saliva, immunoglobulin A and lysozyme. The data showed that the affinity for oligonucleotides decrease in the order lactoferrin > lysozyme > immunoglobulin A > immunoglobulin G. The binding of reactive oligonucleotide derivatives with the proteins was competitively inhibited by polyanions, such as oligonucleotides of various nucleotide compositions, single-stranded and double-stranded DNA, heparin, and dextran sulfate. Interactions between oligonucleotides and proteins can strongly affect the metabolism of oligonucleotides and their ability to permeate biological barriers.
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98
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Vlassov VV. Number of chronic conditions and professional longevity of aviators. AVIATION, SPACE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 1997; 68:373-7. [PMID: 9143745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
METHODS The number of chronic medical conditions (NCMC) experienced by an individual may be a measure of health and predictor of the disqualification of aviators. Subjects were 727 medically disqualified and 807 current pilots and navigators in the Russian Air Forces. All chronic conditions reported in medical files were extracted. RESULTS Disqualification was earlier for subjects who had diagnoses of chronic conditions at age 29 (chi 2 = 82.24, p < 0.0001). Disqualification was proportionate to the NCMC at age 32 (chi 2 = 98.32, p < 0.0001) and at 37 (chi 2 = 105.41, p < 0.0001). For 37-yr-old aviators age at disqualification was influenced more by the NCMC than by military rank. DISCUSSION The NCMC influenced subsequent disqualification for many years after health assessment. This influence was significant and independent from the aviator's speciality, final military rank, position, age at entering flying school, or town or country of origin. CONCLUSION NCMC is a good measure of health and predictor of disqualification of aviators.
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Balakireva LA, Levashova ZB, Chroboczek J, Vlassov VV. Rapid sequence-independent cellular response to oligodeoxynucleotides. FEBS Lett 1997; 400:267-70. [PMID: 9009211 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(96)01401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of receptors for oligodeoxynucleotides (OdN) on the surface of L929 cells has previously been described. To study the possible coupling of the receptor to cellular signal transducing systems, the effect of phosphodiester OdN of different sequences on cellular phospholipase C and protein kinase C (PKC) activities in L929 fibroblasts was studied. Treatment of cells with OdN induced an increase in 32P labeling of phosphatidic acid which was accompanied by a gradual decrease in diacylglycerol. These effects seem to be independent of the OdN sequence. PKC activity in membranes isolated from OdN-treated cells was found to be lower than that in membranes of control cells. SDS-PAGE of the 32P-labeled cellular proteins revealed that OdN treatment caused a decrease in phosphorylation of the 26 and 73 kDa cellular proteins in the cells.
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100
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Vlassov VV, Vlassova IE, Pautova LV. Oligonucleotides and polynucleotides as biologically active compounds. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1997; 57:95-143. [PMID: 9175432 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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