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Kumar AA, T P, Ragunathan P, Ponnuraj K. Analyzing the interaction of Helicobacter pylori GAPDH with host molecules and hemin: Inhibition of hemin binding. Biophys Chem 2024; 307:107193. [PMID: 38320409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a moonlighting enzyme. Apart from its primary role in the glycolytic pathway, in many bacterial species it is found in the extracellular milieu and also on the bacterial surface. Positioning on the bacterial surface allows the GAPDH molecule to interact with many host molecules such as plasminogen, fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin and mucin etc. This facilitates the bacterial colonization of the host. Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogen that causes a number of gastrointestinal infections and is the main cause of gastric cancer. The binding analysis of H. pylori GAPDH (HpGAPDH) with host molecules has not been carried out. Hence, we studied the interaction of HpGAPDH with holo-transferrin, lactoferrin, haemoglobin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, catalase, plasminogen and mucin using biolayer interferometry. Highest and lowest binding affinity was observed with lactoferrin (4.83 ± 0.70 × 10-9 M) and holo-transferrin (4.27 ± 2.39 × 10-5 M). Previous studies established GAPDH as a heme chaperone involved in intracellular heme trafficking and delivery to downstream target proteins. Therefore, to get insights into heme binding, the interaction between HpGAPDH and hemin was analyzed. Hemin binds to HpGAPDH with an affinity of 2.10 μM while the hemin bound HpGAPDH does not exhibit activity. This suggests that hemin most likely binds at the active site of HpGAPDH, prohibiting substrate binding. Blind docking of hemin with HpGAPDH also supports positioning of hemin at the active site. Metal ions were found to inhibit the activity of HpGAPDH, suggesting that it also possibly occupies the substrate binding site. Furthermore, with metal-bound HpGAPDH, hemin binding was not observed, suggesting metal ions act as an inhibitor of hemin binding. Since GAPDH has been identified as a heme chaperone, it will be interesting to analyse the biological consequences of inhibition of heme binding to GAPDH by metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Anil Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Priyadharshini T
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Preethi Ragunathan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Karthe Ponnuraj
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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2
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Lopdell TJ, Trevarton AJ, Moody J, Prowse-Wilkins C, Knowles S, Tiplady K, Chamberlain AJ, Goddard ME, Spelman RJ, Lehnert K, Snell RG, Davis SR, Littlejohn MD. A common regulatory haplotype doubles lactoferrin concentration in milk. Genet Sel Evol 2024; 56:22. [PMID: 38549172 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron absorbing whey protein with antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity. Lactoferrin is economically valuable and has an extremely variable concentration in milk, partly driven by environmental influences such as milking frequency, involution, or mastitis. A significant genetic influence has also been previously observed to regulate lactoferrin content in milk. Here, we conducted genetic mapping of lactoferrin protein concentration in conjunction with RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and ATAC-seq data to pinpoint candidate causative variants that regulate lactoferrin concentrations in milk. RESULTS We identified a highly-significant lactoferrin protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL), as well as a cis lactotransferrin (LTF) expression QTL (cis-eQTL) mapping to the LTF locus. Using ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq datasets representing lactating mammary tissue samples, we also report a number of regions where the openness of chromatin is under genetic influence. Several of these also show highly significant QTL with genetic signatures similar to those highlighted through pQTL and eQTL analysis. By performing correlation analysis between these QTL, we revealed an ATAC-seq peak in the putative promotor region of LTF, that highlights a set of 115 high-frequency variants that are potentially responsible for these effects. One of the 115 variants (rs110000337), which maps within the ATAC-seq peak, was predicted to alter binding sites of transcription factors known to be involved in lactation-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS Here, we report a regulatory haplotype of 115 variants with conspicuously large impacts on milk lactoferrin concentration. These findings could enable the selection of animals for high-producing specialist herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Lopdell
- Research & Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Alexander J Trevarton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Janelle Moody
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Claire Prowse-Wilkins
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinarian and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Knowles
- Auckland War Memorial Museum, Victoria Street West, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn Tiplady
- Research & Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Amanda J Chamberlain
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael E Goddard
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinarian and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard J Spelman
- Research & Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Russell G Snell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen R Davis
- Research & Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mathew D Littlejohn
- Research & Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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3
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Dhillon A, Persson BD, Volkov AN, Sülzen H, Kádek A, Pompach P, Kereïche S, Lepšík M, Danskog K, Uetrecht C, Arnberg N, Zoll S. Structural insights into the interaction between adenovirus C5 hexon and human lactoferrin. J Virol 2024; 98:e0157623. [PMID: 38323814 PMCID: PMC10949841 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01576-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) infection of the respiratory epithelium is common but poorly understood. Human AdV species C types, such as HAdV-C5, utilize the Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) for attachment and subsequently integrins for entry. CAR and integrins are however located deep within the tight junctions in the mucosa where they would not be easily accessible. Recently, a model for CAR-independent AdV entry was proposed. In this model, human lactoferrin (hLF), an innate immune protein, aids the viral uptake into epithelial cells by mediating interactions between the major capsid protein, hexon, and yet unknown host cellular receptor(s). However, a detailed understanding of the molecular interactions driving this mechanism is lacking. Here, we present a new cryo-EM structure of HAdV-5C hexon at high resolution alongside a hybrid structure of HAdV-5C hexon complexed with human lactoferrin (hLF). These structures reveal the molecular determinants of the interaction between hLF and HAdV-C5 hexon. hLF engages hexon primarily via its N-terminal lactoferricin (Lfcin) region, interacting with hexon's hypervariable region 1 (HVR-1). Mutational analyses pinpoint critical Lfcin contacts and also identify additional regions within hLF that critically contribute to hexon binding. Our study sheds more light on the intricate mechanism by which HAdV-C5 utilizes soluble hLF/Lfcin for cellular entry. These findings hold promise for advancing gene therapy applications and inform vaccine development. IMPORTANCE Our study delves into the structural aspects of adenovirus (AdV) infections, specifically HAdV-C5 in the respiratory epithelium. It uncovers the molecular details of a novel pathway where human lactoferrin (hLF) interacts with the major capsid protein, hexon, facilitating viral entry, and bypassing traditional receptors such as CAR and integrins. The study's cryo-EM structures reveal how hLF engages hexon, primarily through its N-terminal lactoferricin (Lfcin) region and hexon's hypervariable region 1 (HVR-1). Mutational analyses identify critical Lfcin contacts and other regions within hLF vital for hexon binding. This structural insight sheds light on HAdV-C5's mechanism of utilizing soluble hLF/Lfcin for cellular entry, holding promise for gene therapy and vaccine development advancements in adenovirus research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Dhillon
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alexander N. Volkov
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Jean Jeener NMR Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hagen Sülzen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alan Kádek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petr Pompach
- Biotechnology and Biomedical Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Sami Kereïche
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lepšík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Danskog
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Uetrecht
- Department of Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Faculty V: School of Life Sciences, CSSB Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY and Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Niklas Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Zoll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Mohamed SA, Mahmoud HE, Embaby AM, Haroun M, Sabra SA. Lactoferrin/pectin nanocomplex encapsulating ciprofloxacin and naringin as a lung targeting antibacterial nanoplatform with oxidative stress alleviating effect. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129842. [PMID: 38309386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium with adaptive metabolic abilities. It can cause hospital-acquired infections with significant mortality rates, particularly in people with already existing medical conditions. Its ability to develop resistance to common antibiotics makes managing this type of infections very challenging. Furthermore, oxidative stress is a common consequence of bacterial infection and antibiotic therapy, due to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during their mode of action. In this study we aimed to alleviate oxidative stress and enhance the antibacterial efficacy of ciprofloxacin (CPR) antibiotic by its co-encapsulation with naringin (NAR) within a polyelectrolyte complex (PEX). The PEX comprised of polycationic lactoferrin (LF) and polyanionic pectin (PEC). CPR/NAR-loaded PEX exhibited spherical shape with particle size of 237 ± 3.5 nm, negatively charged zeta potential (-23 ± 2.2 mV) and EE% of 61.2 ± 4.9 for CPR and 76.2 ± 3.4 % for NAR. The LF/PEC complex showed prolonged sequential release profile of CPR to limit bacterial expansion, followed by slow liberation of NAR, which mitigates excess ROS produced by CPR's mechanism of action without affecting its efficacy. Interestingly, this PEX demonstrated good hemocompatibility with no significant in vivo toxicity regarding hepatic and renal functions. In addition, infected mice administrated this nanoplatform intravenously exhibited significant CFU reduction in the lungs and kidneys, along with reduced immunoreactivity against myeloperoxidase. Moreover, this PEX was found to reduce the lungs´ oxidative stress via increasing both glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels while lowering malondialdehyde (MDA). In conclusion, CPR/NAR-loaded PEX can offer a promising targeted lung delivery strategy while enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of CPR with reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa A Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Hoda E Mahmoud
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Amira M Embaby
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Medhat Haroun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Sally A Sabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
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5
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Chen C, Yan Y, Wu Y, Lu M, Xing Y, Bai Y, Zhao H, Ding L, Wu Y, Xu J, Qin L, Lv H, Zhang Z. Lactoferrin ameliorated obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting the Tak1/IL-18/eNOS pathway between PVAT and vascular endothelium. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:309-321. [PMID: 38159893 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction (ED) is one of the mechanisms underlying obesity-related hypertension. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounds blood vessels and influences the vascular endothelium function. Previous studies have demonstrated the antihypertensive effects of lactoferrin (LF) and its hydrolysates through various mechanisms. However, the effect of LF on ED and PVAT has not yet been investigated. In this study, we examined the influence of LF on ED and PVAT using high-fat diet mice as well as MAEC cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Finally, LF supplementation decreases the systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum adhesion molecule (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1), and aorta ROS levels, and improves endothelium-dependent relaxation function in high-fat diet mice. Moreover, LF supplementation down-regulates the Tak1/IL-18/eNOS pathway between PVAT and aorta and enhances the NO generation in high-fat diet mice. In addition, we observe that LF decreases the expression levels of IL-18 and p-Tak1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, but fails to influence the eNOS and p-eNOS expression levels in MAEC cells. Finally, the significant associations between LF and IL-18 and SBP and hypertension risk are also observed in obesity children only. These findings provide evidence that the Tak1/IL-18/eNOS pathway between the aorta and PVAT is important in obesity-related ED, and LF may improve ED or even hypertension by down-regulating this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailong Chen
- Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yilin Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yunxuan Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Menglan Lu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 200 Suhong West Road, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yifei Xing
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yujie Bai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haodong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Child Healthcare Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liqiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Haitao Lv
- Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
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6
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Lu TL, He CS, Suzuki K, Lu CC, Wang CY, Fang SH. Concurrent Ingestion of Alkaline Water and L-Glutamine Enhanced Salivary α-Amylase Activity and Testosterone Concentration in Boxing Athletes. Nutrients 2024; 16:454. [PMID: 38337738 PMCID: PMC10857026 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Athletes often take sport supplements to reduce fatigue and immune disturbances during or after training. This study evaluated the acute effects of concurrent ingestion of alkaline water and L-glutamine on the salivary immunity and hormone responses of boxers after training. Twelve male boxing athletes were recruited in this study. During regular training, the participants were randomly divided into three groups and asked to consume 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A), 0.15 g/kg body weight of L-glutamine with 400 mL of water (Group G), and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine with 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A+G) at the same time each day for three consecutive weeks. Before and immediately after the training, saliva, heart rates, and the rate of perceived exertion were investigated. The activity of α-amylase and concentrations of lactoferrin, immunoglobulin A (IgA), testosterone, and cortisol in saliva were measured. The results showed that the ratio of α-amylase activity/total protein (TP) significantly increased after training in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the ratios of lactoferrin/TP and IgA/TP were unaffected in all three groups. The concentrations of salivary testosterone after training increased significantly in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the salivary cortisol concentrations were unaltered in all groups. In conclusion, concurrent ingestion of 400 mL of alkaline water and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine before training enhanced the salivary α-amylase activity and testosterone concentration of boxers, which would be beneficial for post-exercise recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Lin Lu
- Institute of Athletics, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Cheng-Shiun He
- Department of Athletic Sports, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong 621301, Taiwan;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan;
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Institute of Athletics, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chung-Yuan Wang
- Department of Combat Sports, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hua Fang
- Institute of Athletics, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-C.L.)
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7
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Kurimoto D, Hue Anh TD, Kasama R, Sato A. Intracellularly delivered human lactoferrin functions as an activator of Na +/H + exchanger 7. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149480. [PMID: 38215552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report that human lactoferrin (hLF), known for its anticancer properties, induced intracellular activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) 7 in human lung cancer PC-9 cells. Compared to non-fused hLF, the fusion of human serum albumin (HSA) with hLF (hLF-HSA) facilitated its internalization into PC-9 cells in a caveolae-mediated manner, thereby exhibiting enhanced anti-proliferative effects. Although hLF alone did not exhibit any discernible effects, hLF-HSA resulted in organelle alkalization as detected using an acidotropic pH indicator. hLF-HSA-induced elevation of organelle pH and inhibition of cancer growth were abolished by NHE7 siRNA. hLF-HSA upregulated NHE7. Thus, upon cellular uptake, hLF-HSA triggers proton leakage through the upregulation of NHE7. This process led to organelle alkalization, probably in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) as suggested by the localization of NHE7 in PC-9 cells, thereby suppressing lung cancer cell growth. Forcing the cellular uptake of hLF alone using a caveolae-mediated endocytosis activator led to an increase in organelle pH. Furthermore, cell entry of hLF also activated proton-loading NHE7, leading to organelle acidification in the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. Therefore, the intracellularly delivered hLF functions as an activator of NHE7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kurimoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Truong Dinh Hue Anh
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Ryoya Kasama
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
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8
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Ágreda Fernández M, Origüen J, Rodriguez-Goncer I, San Juan R, López-Medrano F, Parra P, Ruiz-Merlo T, Redondo N, Orellana MÁ, Aguado JM, Fernández-Ruiz M. Predictive value of fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin levels for negative outcomes in Clostridioides difficile infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:313-324. [PMID: 38072880 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the role of fecal calprotectin (FC) and lactoferrin (FL) as predictive biomarkers in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). METHODS We assembled a prospective cohort including all patients with a laboratory-confirmed CDI diagnosis between January and December 2017. FL and FC levels were measured at diagnosis by commercial ELISA and EIA kits. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of FC and FL to predict CDI recurrence and severity (study outcomes) and explored optimal cut-off values in addition to those proposed by the manufacturers (200 µg/g and 7.2 µg/mL, respectively). RESULTS We included 170 CDI cases (152 first episodes and 18 recurrences). The rates of recurrence (first episodes only) and severity (entire cohort) were 9.2% (14/152) and 46.5% (79/170). Both FL and FC levels were significantly higher in patients who developed study outcomes. Optimal cut-off values for FC and FL to predict CDI recurrence were 1052 µg/g and 6.0 µg/mL. The optimal cut-off value for FC yielded higher specificity (60.9%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (16.9%) than that proposed by the manufacturer. Regarding CDI severity, the optimal cut-off value for FC (439 µg/g) also provided higher specificity (43.9%) and PPV (54.1%) than that of the manufacturer, whereas the optimal cut-off value for FL (4.6 µg/mL) resulted in an improvement of PPV (57.5%). CONCLUSION By modifying the thresholds for assay positivity, the measurement of FC and FL at diagnosis is useful to predict recurrence and severity in CDI. Adding these biomarkers to current clinical scores may help to individualize CDI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ágreda Fernández
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julia Origüen
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodriguez-Goncer
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael San Juan
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Medrano
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Parra
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Ruiz-Merlo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Redondo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Orellana
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Fernández-Ruiz
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Valappil SP, Abou Neel EA, Zakir Hossain KM, Paul W, Cherukaraveedu D, Wade B, Ansari TI, Hope CK, Higham SM, Sharma CP. Novel lactoferrin-conjugated gallium complex to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128838. [PMID: 38128798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of opportunistic infections such as chronic wound infection that could lead to multiple organ failure and death. Gallium (Ga3+) ions are known to inhibit P. aeruginosa growth and biofilm formation but require carrier for localized controlled delivery. Lactoferrin (LTf), a two-lobed protein, can deliver Ga3+ at sites of infection. This study aimed to develop a Ga-LTf complex for the treatment of wound infection. The characterisation of the Ga-LTf complex was conducted using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Infra-Red (FTIR) and Inductive Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The antibacterial activity was assessed by agar disc diffusion, liquid broth and biofilm inhibition assays using the colony forming units (CFUs). The healing capacity and biocompatibility were evaluated using a P.aeruginosa infected wound in a rat model. DSC analyses showed thermal transition consistent with apo-lactoferrin; FTIR confirmed the complexation of gallium to lactoferrin. ICP-OES confirmed the controlled local delivery of Ga3+. Ga-LTf showed a 0.57 log10 CFUs reduction at 24 h compared with untreated control in planktonic liquid broth assay. Ga-LTf showed the highest antibiofilm activity with a 2.24 log10 CFUs reduction at 24 h. Furthermore, Ga-LTf complex is biocompatible without any adverse effect on brain, kidney, liver and spleen of rats tested in this study. Ga-LTf can be potentially promising novel therapeutic agent to treat pathogenic bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeel P Valappil
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Bache Hall, Countess View, Chester CH2 1BR, United Kingdom; Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Research Wing, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GN, United Kingdom.
| | - Ensanya A Abou Neel
- Preventive and Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | | | - Willi Paul
- Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Durgadas Cherukaraveedu
- Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Benjamin Wade
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Research Wing, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GN, United Kingdom
| | - Tahera I Ansari
- Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Watford Road, Harrow HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher K Hope
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Research Wing, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GN, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Higham
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Research Wing, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GN, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra P Sharma
- Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
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10
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen C, Zhu Y, Liu M, Chen J. The enhancement mechanisms of mucin and lactoferrin on α-amylase activity in saliva: Exploring the interactions using QCM-D and molecular docking. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128710. [PMID: 38101660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Amylase activity differs between individuals and is influenced by dietary behavior and salivary constituents, but limited information is available on the relationship between α-amylase activity and saliva components. This study investigated the impact of salivary proteins on α-amylase activity, their various correlations, the effect of mucin (MUC5B and MUC7) and lactoferrin on the enzymatic kinetics of α-amylase, and the mechanisms of these interactions using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) technique and molecular docking. The results showed that α-amylase activity was significantly correlated with the concentrations of MUC5B (R2 = 0.42, p < 0.05), MUC7 (R2 = 0.35, p < 0.05), and lactoferrin (R2 = 0.35, p < 0.05). An in vitro study demonstrated that α-amylase activity could be significantly increased by mucins and lactoferrin by decreasing the Michaelis constant (Km) of α-amylase. Moreover, the results from the QCM-D and molecule docking suggested that mucin and lactoferrin could interact with α-amylase to form stable α-amylase-mucin and α-amylase-lactoferrin complexes through hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, Van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonds. In conclusion, these findings indicated that the salivary α-amylase activity depended not only on the α-amylase content, but also could be enhanced by the interactions of mucin/lactoferrin with α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Functional Devices and Intelligent Sensing, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University - Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jianshe Chen
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Mohandas S, Milan KL, Anuradha M, Ramkumar KM. Exploring Lactoferrin as a novel marker for disease pathology and ferroptosis regulation in gestational diabetes. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 161:104182. [PMID: 38159430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.104182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload is linked to heightened susceptibility to ferroptosis, a process increasingly implicated in diabetes pathogenesis. This present study aims to assess the utility of Lactoferrin in predicting different stages of GDM and explore its association with disease pathology and ferroptosis. In this observational study, 72 pregnant women were recruited and categorized into three groups: healthy pregnant women without diabetes (NGDM, n = 24), early gestational diabetes (eGDM, n = 24), and established gestational diabetes (GDM, n = 24), all receiving standard antenatal care at 12 weeks of gestation. Circulating levels of ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR), and Lactoferrin using multiplexed bead-based cytokine immunoassay. Gene expression analysis focused on analyzing crucial ferroptosis regulators, SLC7A11 and GPX4, in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). A significant elevation in ferritin levels and a decrease in the sTFR: Ferritin ratio supported iron overload and disrupted iron homeostasis in GDM subjects. Notably, Lactoferrin levels were significantly lower in women with GDM than in the control group and those with eGDM. This decline in Lactoferrin correlated with increased hyperglycemia indicators and reduced expression of ferroptosis regulators among GDM patients. Furthermore ROC curve analysis demonstrated that Lactoferrin shows promise as a valuable marker for distinguishing individuals with GDM from those with eGDM. Lactoferrin shows promise as a biomarker for detecting GDM. These findings indicate its role as a potential biomarker and highlight Lactoferrin as a critical regulator of hyperglycemia and ferroptosis in women with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunnath Lakshmanan Milan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Anuradha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Brodzikowska A, Kochańska B, Bogusławska-Kapała A, Strużycka I, Górski B, Miskiewicz A. Assessment of the Salivary Concentrations of Selected Immunological Components in Adult Patients in the Late Period after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation-A Translational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1457. [PMID: 38338734 PMCID: PMC10855433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) The aim of the study was to analyze the salivary concentrations of lysozyme, lactoferrin, and sIgA antibodies in adult patients in the late period after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). The relationship between these concentrations and the salivary secretion rate and the time elapsed after alloHSCT was investigated. The relationship between the concentrations of lysozyme, lactoferrin, and sIgA and the titer of the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans and L. acidophilus was assessed. (2) The study included 54 individuals, aged 19 to 67 (SD = 40.06 ± 11.82; Me = 39.5), who were 3 to 96 months after alloHSCT. The concentrations of lysozyme, lactoferrin, and sIgA were assessed in mixed whole resting saliva (WRS) and mixed whole stimulated saliva (WSS). (3) The majority of patients had very low or low concentrations of the studied salivary components (WRS-lysozyme: 52, lactoferrin: 36, sIgA: 49 patients; WSS-lysozyme: 51, lactoferrin: 25, sIgA: 51 patients). The levels of lactoferrin in both WRS and WSS were statistically significantly higher in the alloHSCT group than in the control group (CG) (alloHSCT patients-WRS: M = 40.18 μg/mL; WSS: M = 27.33 μg/mL; CG-WRS: M = 17.58 μg/mL; WSS: 10.69 μg/mL). No statistically significant correlations were observed between lysozyme, lactoferrin, and sIgA concentrations and the time after alloHSCT. In the group of patients after alloHSCT a negative correlation was found between the resting salivary flow rate and the concentration of lactoferrin and sIgA. The stimulated salivary flow rate correlated negatively with lactoferrin and sIgA concentrations. Additionally, the number of S. mutans colonies correlated positively with the concentration of lysozyme and sIgA. (4) The concentrations of non-specific and specific immunological factors in the saliva of patients after alloHSCT may differ when compared to healthy adults; however, the abovementioned differences did not change with the time after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Brodzikowska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Kochańska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | | | - Izabela Strużycka
- Department of Comprehensive Dental Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (I.S.)
| | - Bartłomiej Górski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (B.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrzej Miskiewicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (B.G.); (A.M.)
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13
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Mathew NE, McCaffrey D, Walker AK, Mallitt KA, Masi A, Morris MJ, Ooi CY. The search for gastrointestinal inflammation in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-invasive gastrointestinal markers. Mol Autism 2024; 15:4. [PMID: 38233886 PMCID: PMC10795298 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases exist at higher rates in the autistic population. It is not clear however whether autism is associated with elevated gastrointestinal inflammation as studies examining non-invasive faecal biomarkers report conflicting findings. To understand the research landscape and identify gaps, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies measuring non-invasive markers of gastrointestinal inflammation in autistic and non-autistic samples. Our examination focused on faecal biomarkers as sampling is non-invasive and these markers are a direct reflection of inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS We extracted data from case-control studies examining faecal markers of gastrointestinal inflammation. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection and Epistemonikos and forward and backwards citations of included studies published up to April 14, 2023 (PROSPERO CRD42022369279). RESULTS There were few studies examining faecal markers of gastrointestinal inflammation in the autistic population, and many established markers have not been studied. Meta-analyses of studies examining calprotectin (n = 9) and lactoferrin (n = 3) were carried out. A total of 508 autistic children and adolescents and 397 non-autistic children and adolescents were included in the meta-analysis of calprotectin studies which found no significant group differences (ROM: 1.30 [0.91, 1.86]). Estimated differences in calprotectin were lower in studies with siblings and studies which did not exclude non-autistic controls with gastrointestinal symptoms. A total of 139 autistic participants and 75 non-autistic controls were included in the meta-analysis of lactoferrin studies which found no significant group differences (ROM: 1.27 [0.79, 2.04]). LIMITATIONS All studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis examined children and adolescents. Many studies included non-autistic controls with gastrointestinal symptoms which limit the validity of their findings. The majority of studies of gastrointestinal inflammation focused on children under 12 with few studies including adolescent participants. Most studies that included participants aged four or under did not account for the impact of age on calprotectin levels. Future studies should screen for relevant confounders, include larger samples and explore gastrointestinal inflammation in autistic adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence to suggest higher levels of gastrointestinal inflammation as measured by calprotectin and lactoferrin are present in autistic children and adolescents at the population level. Preliminary evidence suggests however that higher calprotectin levels may be present in a subset of autistic participants, who may be clinically characterised by more severe gastrointestinal symptoms and higher levels of autistic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha E Mathew
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Delyse McCaffrey
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Laboratory of ImmunoPsychiatry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kylie-Ann Mallitt
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Anne Masi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Chee Y Ooi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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14
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Saadi S, Makhlouf C, Nacer NE, Halima B, Faiza A, Kahina H, Wahiba F, Afaf K, Rabah K, Saoudi Z. Whey proteins as multifunctional food materials: Recent advancements in hydrolysis, separation, and peptidomimetic approaches. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13288. [PMID: 38284584 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Whey protein derived bioactives, including α-lactalbumin, ß-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, lactoferrin, transferrin, and proteose-peptones, have exhibited wide ranges of functional, biological and therapeutic properties varying from anticancer, antihypertensive, and antimicrobial effects. In addition, their functional properties involve gelling, emulsifying, and foaming abilities. For these reasons, this review article is framed to understand the relationship existed in between those compound levels and structures with their main functional, biological, and therapeutic properties exhibited either in vitro or in vivo. The impacts of hydrolysis mechanism and separation techniques in enhancing those properties are likewise discussed. Furthermore, special emphasize is given to multifunctional effects of whey derived bioactives and their future trends in ameliorating further food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical products. The underlying mechanism effects of those properties are still remained unclear in terms of activity levels, efficacy, and targeted effectiveness. For these reasons, some important models linking to functional properties, thermal properties and cell circumstances are established. Moreover, the coexistence of radical trapping groups, chelating groups, sulfhydryl groups, inhibitory groups, and peptide bonds seemed to be the key elements in triggering those functions and properties. Practical Application: Whey proteins are the byproducts of cheese processing and usually the exploitation of these food waste products has increasingly getting acceptance in many countries, especially European countries. Whey proteins share comparable nutritive values to milk products, particularly on their richness on important proteins that can serve immune protection, structural, and energetic roles. The nutritive profile of whey proteins shows diverse type of bioactive molecules like α-lactalbumin, ß-lactoglobulin, lactoferrin, transferrin, immunoglobulin, and proteose peptones with wide biological importance to the living system, such as in maintaining immunological, neuronal, and signaling roles. The diversification of proteins of whey products prompted scientists to exploit the real mechanisms behind of their biological and therapeutic effects, especially in declining the risk of cancer, tumor, and further complications like diabetes type 2 and hypertension risk effects. For these reasons, profiling these types of proteins using different proteomic and peptidomic approaches helps in determining their biological and therapeutic targets along with their release into gastrointestinal tract conditions and their bioavailabilities into portal circulation, tissue, and organs. The wide applicability of those protein fractions and their derivative bioactive products showed significant impacts in the field of emulsion and double emulsion stabilization by playing roles as emulsifying, surfactant, stabilizing, and foaming agents. Their amphoteric properties helped them to act as excellent encapsulating agents, particularly as vehicle for delivering important vitamins and bioactive compounds. The presence of ferric elements increased their transportation to several metal-ions in the same time increased their scavenging effects to metal-transition and peroxidation of lipids. Their richness with almost essential and nonessential amino acids makes them as selective microbial starters, in addition their richness in sulfhydryl amino acids allowed them to act a cross-linker in conjugating further biomolecules. For instance, conjugating gold-nanoparticles and fluorescent materials in targeting diseases like cancer and tumors in vivo is considered the cutting-edges strategies for these versatile molecules due to their active diffusion across-cell membrane and the presence of specific transporters to these therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Saadi
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
| | - Chaalal Makhlouf
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Quality, Institute of Nutrition, Food and Agro-Food Technologies, University of Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Science, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Nor Elhouda Nacer
- Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, Batna, Algeria
| | - Boughellout Halima
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
| | - Adoui Faiza
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hafid Kahina
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Equipe MaQuaV, Laboratoire Bioqual INATAA, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Falek Wahiba
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
| | - Kheroufi Afaf
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
| | - Kezih Rabah
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Quality, Institute of Nutrition, Food and Agro-Food Technologies, University of Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Zineddine Saoudi
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires (INATAA), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire, équipe Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, Biodiversité et Agro environnement, INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFC1), Constantine, Algeria
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15
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Zhao X, Ting SM, Sun G, Bautista Garrido J, Obertas L, Aronowski J. Clearance of Neutrophils From ICH-Affected Brain by Macrophages Is Beneficial and Is Assisted by Lactoferrin and CD91. Stroke 2024; 55:166-176. [PMID: 38063014 PMCID: PMC10842928 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.045194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within hours after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) onset, masses of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infiltrate the ICH-affected brain. After degranulation involving controlled release of many toxic antimicrobial molecules, the PMNs undergo rapid apoptosis and then are removed by phagocytic microglia/macrophages (MΦ) through a process called efferocytosis. Effective removal of PMNs may limit secondary brain damage and inflammation; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these cleanup activities are not well understood. We propose that scavenger receptor CD91 on myeloid phagocytes especially in presence of CD91 ligand, LTF (lactoferrin, protein abundant in PMNs), plays an important role in clearance of dead apoptotic PMNs (ANs). METHODS Mice/rats were subjected to an autologous blood injection model of ICH. Primary cultured microglia were used to assess phagocytosis of ANs. Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess CD91 expression and PMN infiltration. CD91 knockout mice selectively in myeloid phagocytes (Mac-CD91-KO) were used to establish the CD91/LTF function in phagocytosis and in reducing ICH-induced injury, as assessed using behavioral tests, hematoma resolution, and oxidative stress. RESULTS Masses of PMNs are found in ICH-affected brain, and they contain LTF. MΦ at the outer border of hematoma are densely packed, expressing CD91 and phagocytosing ANs. Microglia deficient in CD91 demonstrate defective phagocytosis of ANs, and mice deficient in CD91 (Mac-CD91-KO) subjected to ICH injury have increased neurological dysfunction that is associated with impaired hematoma resolution (hemoglobin and iron clearance) and elevated oxidative stress. LTF that normally ameliorates ICH injury in CD91-proficient control mice shows reduced therapeutic effects in Mac-CD91-KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that CD91 plays a beneficial role in improving ANs phagocytosis and ultimately post-ICH outcome and that the beneficial effect of LTF in ICH is in part dependent on presence of CD91 on MΦ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas HSC, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Shun-Ming Ting
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas HSC, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Guanghua Sun
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas HSC, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | | | - Lidiya Obertas
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas HSC, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Jaroslaw Aronowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas HSC, McGovern Medical School, Houston
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16
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Li C, Sun Y, He T, Lu Y, Szeto IMY, Duan S, Zhang Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhang W, He J, Li Y. Synergistic effect of lactoferrin and osteopontin on intestinal barrier injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127416. [PMID: 37838132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Several studies indicate that the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier can lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent evidence has increasingly demonstrated that lactoferrin (LF) and osteopontin (OPN) can alleviate intestinal barrier injury. However, the potential synergistic effects of these two proteins and the mechanisms underlying their effects remain unclear. To address this question, we developed a lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier injury model in C57BL/6 N mice. Our findings demonstrated that the combination of LF and OPN at a 1:5 ratio exerts the strongest protective effect on the intestinal barrier, and it is more effective than LF or OPN alone. This protection is evidenced by the decrease in serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (1.66-fold decrease) and D-lactic content (1.51-fold decrease) and the reduced rate of FITC-labeled glucan transport across the jejunum (3.18-fold decrease). Moreover, the protein combination significantly promoted villi length (1.66-fold increase) and crypt depth (1.57-fold increase), improved tight junction protein structure and expression, and boosted the number of absorptive cells (4.34-fold increase) in the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, the combination promoted crypt cell proliferation and differentiation via Notch signaling. In summary, our findings provide scientific evidence supporting the use of dietary intervention strategies for preventing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tingchao He
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yao Lu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Sufang Duan
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Biao Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian He
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Kulesza-Brończyk B, Bień A, Sobieraj P, Orczyk-Pawiłowicz M, Lis-Kuberka J, Czosnykowska-Łukacka M, Bzikowska-Jura A. Factors affecting total protein and lactoferrin in human milk. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22434. [PMID: 38104179 PMCID: PMC10725433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting total, true protein and lactoferrin (Lf) concentrations in human milk (HM) and to evaluate the changes in protein concentrations over the course of lactation (first to sixth month postpartum). HM samples were collected from exclusively breastfeeding mothers during six time periods (1-6 months postpartum); 198 breast milk samples were collected in total. The concentrations of total and true protein in HM were determined using the MIRIS human milk analyzer (HMA). The assessment of HM protein content was also performed in skim HM samples and quantified by bicinchoninic methods with the Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay Kit. In turn, Lf content in skim HM samples was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in accordance with a slightly modified procedure. In the first month of lactation total protein concentration was negatively correlated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (r = - 0.397; p = 0.022), whereas in the third month postpartum, positive correlation with maternal age was found (r = 0.399; p = 0.021). Considering Lf concentration, in the first month of lactation, it was positively correlated with baby's birth weight (r = 0.514; p = 0.002). In the next months (from second to sixth) no relationships between Lf concentration and maternal and infants' factors were observed. The concentration of protein and Lf in HM changes dynamically throughout lactation. Maternal and infant characteristics may impact the HM protein and Lf content, especially in the first month postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Maternity Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bień
- Chair of Obstetrics Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Sobieraj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Lis-Kuberka
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Bzikowska-Jura
- Department of Medical Biology, Laboratory of Human Milk and Lactation Research at Regional Human Milk Bank in Holy Family Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Arias-Rodríguez LI, Pablos JL, Vallet-Regí M, Rodríguez-Mendiola MA, Arias-Castro C, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Salinas AJ. Enhancing Osteoblastic Cell Cultures with Gelatin Methacryloyl, Bovine Lactoferrin, and Bioactive Mesoporous Glass Scaffolds Loaded with Distinct Parsley Extracts. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1764. [PMID: 38136635 PMCID: PMC10741674 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest in innovative solutions for addressing bone defects has driven research into the use of Bioactive Mesoporous Glasses (MBGs). These materials, distinguished by their well-ordered mesoporous structure, possess the capability to accommodate plant extracts with well-established osteogenic properties, including bovine lactoferrin (bLF), as part of their 3D scaffold composition. This harmonizes seamlessly with the ongoing advancements in the field of biomedicine. In this study, we fabricated 3D scaffolds utilizing MBGs loaded with extracts from parsley leaves (PL) and embryogenic cultures (EC), rich in bioactive compounds such as apigenin and kaempferol, which hold potential benefits for bone metabolism. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMa) served as the polymer, and bLF was included in the formulation. Cytocompatibility, Runx2 gene expression, ALP enzyme activity, and biomineralization were assessed in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell cultures. MBGs effectively integrated PL and EC extracts with loadings between 22.6 ± 0.1 and 43.6 ± 0.3 µM for PL and 26.3 ± 0.3 and 46.8 ± 0.4 µM for EC, ensuring cell viability through a release percentage between 28.3% and 59.9%. The incorporation of bLF in the 3D scaffold formulation showed significant differences compared to the control in all assays, even at concentrations below 0.2 µM. Combinations, especially PL + bLF at 0.19 µM, demonstrated additive potential, with superior biomineralization compared to EC. In summary, this study highlights the effectiveness of MBGs in incorporating PL and EC extracts, along with bLF, into 3D scaffolds. The results underscore cytocompatibility, osteogenic activity, and biomineralization, offering exciting potential for future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Isabel Arias-Rodríguez
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Jesús L. Pablos
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martha A. Rodríguez-Mendiola
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Carlos Arias-Castro
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Salcedo
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Salinas
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Shu X, Su J, Zhao Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Ma X, Wang Z, Bai J, Zhang H, Ma Z. Regulation of HeLa cell proliferation and apoptosis by bovine lactoferrin. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1395-1402. [PMID: 37842864 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the foremost common cancers in women. Lactoferrin (LF) has many biological functions, such as antitumor. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells and to clarify the potential mechanism of action of bLF against HeLa cells. This study used CCK-8, Trypan blue staining, and colony formation assays to verify the effect of bLF on HeLa cell proliferation. Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, AO/EB staining, and western blotting were used to determine the effects of bLF on apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. We discovered that bLF significantly reduced the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner compared to the control group. Furthermore, bLF primarily induced apoptosis in HeLa cells by increasing the expression of the proapoptotic proteins p53, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In addition, the present study also showed that bLF treatment significantly activated autophagy-related proteins LC3B-II and Beclin I and down regulated the autophagosome transporter protein p62, indicating that bLF treatment can induce autophagy in HeLa cells. After pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, which markedly found that autophagy inhibition by 3-MA reversed bLF-induced apoptosis, indicating that bLF can induce apoptosis by activating intracellular autophagy in HeLa cells. In the present study, our results support the theory of bLF significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hela cells by promoting apoptosis and reinforcing autophagy. The study will play an important role in therapying cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinxian Su
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Li J, Guan S, Cai B, Li Q, Rong S. Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides form stable complexes with human lactoferrin. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:2215-2223. [PMID: 37872003 PMCID: PMC10699096 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins in tears, including human lactoferrin (HLF), can be deposited and denatured on contact lenses, increasing the risk of microbial cell attachment to the lens and ocular complications. The surfactants currently used in commercial contact lens care solutions have low clearance ability for tear proteins. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) binds to a variety of proteins and has potential for use in protein removal, especially in contact lens care solutions. Here, we analyzed the interaction mechanism of COSs hydrolyzed from chitosan from different resources with HLF. The molecular weights (MWs) and concentrations of COSs were key factors for the formation of COS-HLF complexes. Lower MWs of COSs could form more stable COS-HLF complexes. COS from Aspergillus ochraceus had a superior effect on HLF compared with COS from shrimp and crab shell with the same MWs. In conclusion, COSs could bind to and cause a conformational change in HLF. Therefore, COSs, especially those with low MWs, have potential as deproteinizing agents in contact lens care solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Shimin Guan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Baoguo Cai
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Shaofeng Rong
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiChina
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21
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Li Z, Li Z, Ma H, Fu S, Liu G, Hao C, Liu Y. Molecular insight into binding behavior of caffeine with lactoferrin: Spectroscopic, molecular docking, and simulation study. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8249-8261. [PMID: 37641325 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The majority of bioactive substances in the human diet come from polyphenols. Here, we use spectroscopy, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro digestion to look at the relationship between caffeine (CAF) and bovine lactoferrin (BLF). The correlation analysis of the CAF-BLF fluorescence quenching process revealed that the reaction was spontaneous and that the CAF-BLF fluorescence quenching process may have been static. The predominant intrinsic binding forces were hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, which were also supported by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Through Fourier infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy experiments, it was found that CAF changed the secondary structure of BLF and might bind to the hydrophobic amino acids of BLF. Compared with BLF, CAF-BLF showed inhibitory effects on digestion in simulated in vitro digestion. It will be helpful to better understand the interaction between CAF and BLF and provide the basis for the development of innovative dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhixi Li
- College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haorui Ma
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shangchen Fu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanxu Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changchun Hao
- College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China.
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22
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Li D, Ding L, Yan Y, Xing Y, Xu J, Qin L. Lactoferrin Alleviates Ethanol-Induced Injury via Promoting Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation in BRL-3A Rat Liver Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16848. [PMID: 38069169 PMCID: PMC10706351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous animal studies found that the preventive effects of lactoferrin (Lf) on alcoholic liver injury (ALI) are associated with nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). To further explore the causality, experiments were performed using rat normal liver BRL-3A cells. Lf treatment reduced ethanol-induced death and apoptosis; meanwhile, Lf treatment alleviated excessive LDH release. These findings confirmed the protection of Lf against ethanol-induced injury in BRL-3A cells. Mechanistically, Lf treatment reversed the reduction in nuclear Nrf2 induced by ethanol without affecting the cytoplasmic Nrf2 level, which led to antioxidant enzyme activity restoration. However, the blocking of Nrf2 nuclear translocation by ML385 eliminated the protective effects of Lf. In a conclusion, Lf protects BRL-3A cells from ethanol-induced injury via promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (D.L.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ding
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (D.L.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yilin Yan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (D.L.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yifei Xing
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (D.L.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jiaying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liqiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (D.L.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.X.)
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Elizarova AY, Sokolov AV, Vasilyev VB. Ceruloplasmin Reduces the Lactoferrin/Oleic Acid Antitumor Complex-Mediated Release of Heme-Containing Proteins from Blood Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16711. [PMID: 38069040 PMCID: PMC10706732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that not only bovine lactoferrin (LF), the protein of milk and neutrophils, but also the human species forms complexes with oleic acid (OA) that inhibit tumor growth. Repeated injections of human LF in complex with OA (LF/8OA) to hepatoma-carrying mice decelerated tumor growth and increased animals' longevity. However, whether the effect of the LF/8OA complex is directed exclusively against malignant cells was not studied. Hence, its effect on normal blood cells was assayed, along with its possible modulation of ceruloplasmin (CP), the preferred partner of LF among plasma proteins. The complex LF/8OA (6 μM) caused hemolysis, unlike LF alone or BSA/8OA (250 μM). The activation of neutrophils with exocytosis of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a potent oxidant, was induced by 1 μM LF/8OA, whereas BSA/8OA had a similar effect at a concentration increased by an order. The egress of heme-containing proteins, i.e., MPO and hemoglobin, from blood cells affected by LF/8OA was followed by a pronounced oxidative/halogenating stress. CP, which is the natural inhibitor of MPO, added at a concentration of 2 mol per 1 mol of LF/8OA abrogated its cytotoxic effect. It seems likely that CP can be used effectively in regulating the LF/8OA complex's antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey V. Sokolov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.Y.E.); (V.B.V.)
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24
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Abdul-Kareem HH, Al-Maqtoofi MY, Burghal AA. Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on saliva immune barriers: IgA, lysozyme, and lactoferrin. Arch Virol 2023; 168:293. [PMID: 37973637 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of salivary constituents, such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), in immune protection and defense mechanisms against microbial invasion and colonization of the airways is important in light of the ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The salivary immune barrier in individuals affected by COVID-19 may contribute to disease prognosis. Thus, the aim of the present review is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on the immunological composition of saliva. IgA antibodies generated by vaccination can neutralize the virus at mucosal surfaces, whereas antimicrobial peptides, such as lysozyme and lactoferrin, have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Collectively, these components contribute to the protective immune response of the oral cavity and may help minimize viral transmission as well as the severity of COVID-19. Measuring the levels of these components in the saliva of COVID-19-vaccinated individuals can help in evaluating the vaccine's ability to induce mucosal immunity, and it might also provide insights into whether saliva can be used in diagnostics or surveillance for monitoring immune responses following vaccination. This also has implications for viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwan Y Al-Maqtoofi
- Biology Department, College of Science University of Basrah, Basrah, 61001, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed A Burghal
- Biology Department, College of Science University of Basrah, Basrah, 61001, Iraq
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25
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Ianiro G, Niro A, Rosa L, Valenti P, Musci G, Cutone A. To Boost or to Reset: The Role of Lactoferrin in Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15925. [PMID: 37958908 PMCID: PMC10650157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathological conditions, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer, are associated with abnormal metabolic states. The progressive loss of metabolic control is commonly characterized by insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, inflammation, central obesity, and hypertension, a cluster of metabolic dysregulations usually referred to as the "metabolic syndrome". Recently, nutraceuticals have gained attention for the generalized perception that natural substances may be synonymous with health and balance, thus becoming favorable candidates for the adjuvant treatment of metabolic dysregulations. Among nutraceutical proteins, lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein of the innate immune system, has been widely recognized for its multifaceted activities and high tolerance. As this review shows, Lf can exert a dual role in human metabolism, either boosting or resetting it under physiological and pathological conditions, respectively. Lf consumption is safe and is associated with several benefits for human health, including the promotion of oral and gastrointestinal homeostasis, control of glucose and lipid metabolism, reduction of systemic inflammation, and regulation of iron absorption and balance. Overall, Lf can be recommended as a promising natural, completely non-toxic adjuvant for application as a long-term prophylaxis in the therapy for metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance/type II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Ianiro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (G.I.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonella Niro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (G.I.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (P.V.)
| | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (P.V.)
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (G.I.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (G.I.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
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Cutone A, Musci G, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC. Lactoferrin, the Moonlighting Protein of Innate Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15888. [PMID: 37958871 PMCID: PMC10650585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf), a naturally occurring glycoprotein involved in innate immunity, was first discovered in bovine milk [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (A.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; (A.C.); (G.M.)
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Nieto LM, Iqbal A, Vinci D, Sriranganathan D, Pellino G, Segal JP. Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic modalities in pouchitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:1237-1243. [PMID: 37695613 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) is the most common surgical procedure to restore gastrointestinal continuity after surgical resection of the colon and rectum. Pouchitis is a common complication with several different modalities that can be used to aid diagnosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at exploring the sensitivity and specificity these diagnostic modalities. The medical literature was searched using MEDLINE, EMBASE and EMBASE classic and PubMed from 1978 to June 2022. We calculated descriptive statistics using sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rate of the primary studies and also their positive and negative likelihood ratios, and their diagnostic odds ratios. The screen found 5477 records with 13 studies being included. Faecal lactoferrin was found to have the highest pooled sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 88% respectively with imaging modalities coming in second and faecal calprotectin third with pooled sensitivities and specificities of 87% and 79% and 74% and 81% respectively. Faecal biomarkers particularly lactoferrin and imaging modalities may have an important role to play in diagnosing pouchitis. Importantly due to delays in availability of pouchoscopy, our data supports early ordering of these tests to help delineate from other causes. Further studies are required with larger cohort sizes to further validate these tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Nieto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wellstar Cobb Medical Center, Austell, Georgia, USA
| | - Afia Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Hospital, Epping, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danilo Vinci
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Danujan Sriranganathan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Pellino
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Jonathan P Segal
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
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Maden M, Gülersoy E. Serum/Faecal S100A12, CRP and lactoferrin can be used to distinguish ınfectious and non-ınfectious canine diarrhoea. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2485-2496. [PMID: 37688789 PMCID: PMC10650241 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of selected inflammatory and intestinal biomarkers in cases of infectious and non-infectious diarrhoea in dogs. METHODS A total of 60 dogs, 12 healthy (Control Group) and 48 with diarrhoea were used. Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic (infectious) and Nutritional diarrhoea (non-infectious) subgroups (n: 12) were formed according to the aetiology, on the basis of clinical and laboratory examinations. Selected inflammatory and intestinal biomarkers (Calgranulin, S100A12; Lactoferrin, LCTF; C-reactive protein, CRP) were measured both in serum and faecal samples. RESULTS Compared to the Control and Nutritional Diarrhoea groups, the infectious diarrhoea groups had higher serum S100A12, LCTF, CRP, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine (CR), alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and lower glucose (GLU), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations (p < 0.05); Viral and Parasitic Diarrhoea groups had lower serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) concentrations (p < 0.05). Faecal S100A12, LCTF and CRP concentrations were higher in infectious diarrhoea groups compared to the Control and Nutritional Diarrhoea groups (p < 0.05). Faecal LCTF and CRP concentrations were higher in the Bacterial Diarrhoea group than in the Viral and Parasitic Diarrhoea groups (p < 0.05). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It was determined that serum (area under curve, AUC: 0.842 and 0.956) and faecal (AUC: 0.975 and 0.786) S100A12 and CRP concentrations in viral diarrhoea; serum (AUC: 0.956) and faecal (AUC: 0.992) LCTF concentrations in bacterial diarrhoea have diagnostic values in the diagnosis of the presence of intestinal inflammation and damage and can be used in the differential diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Maden
- Department of Internal MedicineVeterinary FacultySelcuk UniversityKonyaTurkey
| | - Erdem Gülersoy
- Department of Internal MedicineVeterinary FacultyHarran UniversityŞanlıurfaTurkey
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Wang W, Cheng Z, Wang X, An Q, Huang K, Dai Y, Meng Q, Zhang Y. Lactoferrin deficiency during lactation increases the risk of depressive-like behavior in adult mice. BMC Biol 2023; 21:242. [PMID: 37907907 PMCID: PMC10617225 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin is an active protein in breast milk that plays an important role in the growth and development of infants and is implicated as a neuroprotective agent. The incidence of depression is currently increasing, and it is unclear whether the lack of lactoferrin during lactation affects the incidence of depressive-like behavior in adulthood. RESULTS Lack of lactoferrin feeding during lactation affected the barrier and innate immune functions of the intestine, disrupted the intestinal microflora, and led to neuroimmune dysfunction and neurodevelopmental delay in the hippocampus. When exposed to external stimulation, adult lactoferrin feeding-deficient mice presented with worse depression-like symptoms; the mechanisms involved were activation of the LPS-TLR4 signalling pathway in the intestine and hippocampus, reduced BDNF-CREB signaling pathway in hippocampus, increased abundance of depression-related bacteria, and decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings reveal that lactoferrin feeding deficient during lactation can increase the risk of depressive-like behavior in adults. The mechanism is related to the regulatory effect of lactoferrin on the development of the "microbial-intestinal-brain" axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin An
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Dai
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Noh SH, Sung K, Byeon HE, Kim SE, Kim KN. Lactoferrin-Anchored Tannylated Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials-Induced Bone Fusion in a Rat Model of Lumbar Spinal Fusion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15782. [PMID: 37958766 PMCID: PMC10649596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a potent antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agent found in cow and human colostrum which acts as an osteogenic growth factor. This study aimed to investigate whether LF-anchored tannylated mesoporous silica nanomaterials (TA-MSN-LF) function as a bone fusion material in a rat model. In this study, we created TA-MSN-LF and measured the effects of low (1 μg) and high (100 μg) TA-MSN-LF concentrations in a spinal fusion animal model. Rats were assigned to four groups in this study: defect, MSN, TA-MSN-LF-low (1 μg/mL), and TA-MSN-LF-high (100 μg/mL). Eight weeks after surgery, a greater amount of radiological fusion was identified in the TA-MSN-LF groups than in the other groups. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that new bone fusion was induced in the TA-MSN-LF groups. Additionally, osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, was detected by immunohistochemistry, and its intensity was induced in the TA-MSN-LF groups. The formation of new vessels was induced in the TA-MSN-LF-high group. We also confirmed an increase in the serum osteocalcin level and the mRNA expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin in the TA-MSN-LF groups. TA-MSN-LF showed effective bone fusion and angiogenesis in rats. We suggest that TA-MSN-LF is a potent material for spinal bone fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Noh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghyon Sung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Korea-daero, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hye Eun Byeon
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16499, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Nano-Based Disease Control Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Keung Nyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Attri K, Chudasama B, Mahajan RL, Choudhury D. Therapeutic potential of lactoferrin-coated iron oxide nanospheres for targeted hyperthermia in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17875. [PMID: 37857677 PMCID: PMC10587155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a non-heme iron-binding glycoprotein involved in the transport of iron in blood plasma. In addition, it has many biological functions, including antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and, importantly, antitumor properties. In this study, we have investigated the potential of employing lactoferrin-iron oxide nanoparticles (LF-IONPs) as a treatment modality for gastric cancer. The study confirms the formation of LF-IONPs with a spherical shape and an average size of 5 ± 2 nm, embedded within the protein matrix. FTIR and Raman analysis revealed that the Fe-O bond stabilized the protein particle interactions. Further, we conducted hyperthermia studies to ascertain whether the proposed composite can generate a sufficient rise in temperature at a low frequency. The results confirmed that we can achieve a temperature rise of about 7 °C at 242.4 kHz, which can be further harnessed for gastric cancer treatment. The particles were further tested for their anti-cancer activity on AGS cells, with and without hyperthermia. Results indicate that LF-IONPs (10 µg/ml) significantly enhance cytotoxicity, resulting in the demise of 67.75 ± 5.2% of cells post hyperthermia, while also exhibiting an inhibitory effect on cell migration compared to control cells, with the most inhibition observed after 36 h of treatment. These findings suggest the potential of LF-IONPs in targeted hyperthermia treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Attri
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Bhupendra Chudasama
- School of Physics and Material Sciences, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
| | - Roop L Mahajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Eigenschink M, Wessely I, Dijmarescu M, Förster-Waldl E, Farr A, Kiss H, Berger A, Wisgrill L. Transcriptomic analysis identifies lactoferrin-induced quiescent circuits in neonatal macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276173. [PMID: 37868991 PMCID: PMC10590118 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Upon birth, a hitherto naïve immune system is confronted with a plethora of microbial antigens due to intestinal bacterial colonization. To prevent excessive inflammation and disruption of the epithelial barrier, physiological mechanisms must promote immune-anergy within the neonatal gut. As high concentrations of human lactoferrin (hLF), a transferrin glycoprotein shown to modulate macrophage function, are frequently encountered in colostrum, its direct interaction with intestinal macrophages may satisfy this physiological need. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to investigate transcriptional changes induced by human lactoferrin in neonatal monocyte-derived macrophages. Methods Cord blood-derived monocytes were differentiated with M-CSF in presence or absence of 500 µg/mL hLF for 7 days and afterwards stimulated with 1 ng/mL LPS or left untreated. RNA was then isolated and subjected to microarray analysis. Results Differentiation of cord blood-derived monocytes in presence of hLF induced a distinct transcriptional program defined by cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, induction of IL-4/IL-13-like signaling, altered extracellular matrix interaction, and enhanced propensity for cell-cell interaction. Moreover, near-complete abrogation of transcriptional changes induced by TLR4 engagement with LPS was observed in hLF-treated samples. Discussion The global transition towards an M2-like homeostatic phenotype and the acquisition of quiescence elegantly demonstrate the ontogenetical relevance of hLF in attenuating pro-inflammatory signaling within the developing neonatal intestine. The marked anergy towards proinflammatory stimuli such as LPS further underlines the glycoprotein's potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eigenschink
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabelle Wessely
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Dijmarescu
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Förster-Waldl
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alex Farr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Kiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Wisgrill
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropaediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Barton A, Faal N, Ramadhani A, Derrick T, Mafuru E, Mtuy T, Massae P, Malissa A, Joof H, Makalo P, Sillah A, Harte A, Pickering H, Bailey R, Mabey DCW, Burton MJ, Holland MJ. Longitudinal changes in tear cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in trachomatous disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011689. [PMID: 37862368 PMCID: PMC10619880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, where repeated infections and chronic inflammation can ultimately result in scarring, trichiasis and blindness. While scarring is thought to be mediated by a dysregulated immune response, the kinetics of cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in the tear film have not yet been characterised. METHODOLOGY Pooled tears from a Gambian cohort and Tanzanian cohort were semi-quantitatively screened using a Proteome Profiler Array to identify cytokines differentially regulated in disease. Based on this screen and previous literature, ten cytokines (CXCL1, IP-10, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p40, IL-1RA, IL-1α and PDGF), lysozyme and lactoferrin were assayed in the Tanzanian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA. Finally, CXCL1, IP-10, IL-8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled in the Gambian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA. RESULTS In the Tanzanian cohort, IL-8 was significantly increased in those with clinically inapparent infection (p = 0.0086). Lysozyme, IL-10 and chemokines CXCL1 and IL-8 were increased in scarring (p = 0.016, 0.046, 0.016, and 0.037). CXCL1, IP-10, IL-8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled over the course of infection in a Gambian cohort study, with evidence of an inflammatory response both before, during and after detectable infection. CXCL1, IL-8 and IP-10 were higher in the second infection episode relative to the first (p = 0.0012, 0.044, and 0.04). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the ocular immune system responds prior to and continues to respond after detectable C. trachomatis infection, possibly due to a positive feedback loop inducing immune activation. Levels of CXC chemokines in successive infection episodes were increased, which may offer an explanation as to why repeated infections are a risk factor for scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Barton
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nkoyo Faal
- Medical Research Council Gambia at LSHTM, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Athumani Ramadhani
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tamsyn Derrick
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elias Mafuru
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tara Mtuy
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Patrick Massae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Aiweda Malissa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Hassan Joof
- Medical Research Council Gambia at LSHTM, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Pateh Makalo
- Medical Research Council Gambia at LSHTM, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Ansumana Sillah
- National Eye Health Programme, Ministry of Health, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Anna Harte
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Pickering
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Bailey
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - David CW Mabey
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Burton
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Holland
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
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Jugert CS, Didier A, Plötz M, Jessberger N. Strain-specific Antimicrobial Activity of Lactoferrin-based Food Supplements. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100153. [PMID: 37640158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The iron-binding glycoprotein lactoferrin is well known for its wide range of antibacterial effects. However, the aim of this study was to show that its antibacterial activity is not generally applicable to a bacterial species as a whole. In disk diffusion assays performed with 112 isolates from 13 bacterial species (including the foodborne pathogens Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus), a lactoferrin-based food supplement showed no inhibition of growth on 24%, moderate inhibition on 31%, and strong inhibition on 45% of all tested isolates. Minimal inhibitory concentrations against B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strain-specifically ranged from 0.31 mg/mL to no impairment at all. Further 11 commercially available lactoferrin-based food supplements and purified bovine lactoferrin showed strain- as well as product-specific growth inhibition. In comparison to bovine lactoferrin, human lactoferrin showed no inhibitory effects. In summary, purified lactoferrin and lactoferrin-based food supplements inhibit bacterial growth in a dose-, strain-, and product-dependent manner. Thus, a general antimicrobial effect of lactoferrin against a specific bacterial species cannot be assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara-Sophie Jugert
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schönleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Andrea Didier
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schönleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Madeleine Plötz
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadja Jessberger
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
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Aly E, Ros-Berruezo G, López Nicolás R, Ali Darwish A, Sánchez-Moya T, Planes-Muñoz D, Frontela-Saseta C. In vitro prebiotic activity of rhLf and galactooligosaccharides on infant intestinal microbiota. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:701-710. [PMID: 37073751 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: human lactoferrin (Lf) and human milk oligosaccharides possess a wide range of functions. So, the present study focusses on the role of Lf and/or galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in the modulation of gut microbiota composition. Methods: recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLf) was added to the first infant formula (0.10, 0.15, 0.20 %) alone or in combination with GOS (1 %) in vessels of a small-scale batch culture fermentation model. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), microbial population groups, and pH were monitored through fermentation for 24 hours. Results: insignificant changes were observed in pH values and acetic acid accumulated during fermentation. Propionic acid content has been insignificantly increased while butyric acid has been insignificantly decreased. Moreover, increments in all bacterial groups except for Bacteroides were observed through the fermentation process. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium showed an increase in relation to initial time over the fermentation process, demonstrating the prebiotic effect of lactoferrin and GOS. After 24 hours of fermentation, all tested ingredients showed significant similarities in Enterococcus for controls except for 0.20 % rhLf + 1 % GOS, which provoked a diminution of Enterococci growth. Conclusion: despite the importance of the batch culture fermentation technique in uncovering the prebiotic activity of food ingredients, it is not useful for detecting the prebiotic nature of Lf due to its nature as a protein. Thus, Lf maybe shows its prebiotic activity on the gut microbiota through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Aly
- Food Science and Nutrition Department. Faculty of Veterinary Sciences. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia. Food Technology Research Institute (FTRI). Agricultural Research Center (ARC)
| | - Gaspar Ros-Berruezo
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología. Área de Conocimiento de Nutrición y Bromatología. Campus Universitario de Espinardo. Universidad de Murcia
| | - Rubén López Nicolás
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia
| | - Aliaa Ali Darwish
- Dairy Technology Research Department. Food Technology Research Institute (FTRI). Agricultural Research Center (ARC)
| | - Teresa Sánchez-Moya
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia
| | - David Planes-Muñoz
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia
| | - Carmen Frontela-Saseta
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia
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Ye T, Yan Z, Chen C, Wang D, Wang A, Li T, Yang B, Ding X, Shen C. Lactoferrin attenuates cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction via inhibiting mTORC1/S6K signaling pathway. Theranostics 2023; 13:3419-3433. [PMID: 37351157 PMCID: PMC10283051 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Myocardial infarction (MI) causes a severe injury response that eventually leads to adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Lactoferrin (Ltf), as a secreted protein, bears multi-pharmacological properties. Present study aims to establish the cardioprotective function and corresponding mechanism of Ltf in MI process. Methods and results: We performed proteomic analysis in Tregs derived from MI heart, and identified Ltf as a remarkably upregulated secreted protein. However, Ltf was decreased in circulation and positively correlated with cardiac function both in mice and patients after MI. Ltf administration remarkably alleviated cardiac fibrosis and remodeling, improved cardiac function, and reduced incidence of heart failure in mice post-MI. In vitro, Ltf suppressed fibroblast to myofibroblast conversion induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Mechanistically, phosphoproteomic landscape analysis revealed that Ltf repressed the activation of mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B signaling pathway via interaction with CD74 receptor. Administration of mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B axis agonist MHY1485 abolished the cardioprotective effects of Ltf. Besides, MHY1485 also markedly reversed the effects of Ltf on suppressing the transformation of fibroblast to myofibroblast mediated by TGF-β. Conclusion: Our study established the cardiac protective role of Ltf in attenuating cardiac remodeling and improving cardiac function by inhibiting the activation of myofibroblasts through suppressing mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B signaling pathway post-MI. Treatment with Ltf may serve as a potential novel therapeutic intervention in patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhiwen Yan
- Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Aiting Wang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Taixi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Boshen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chengxing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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Weber C, Dilthey A, Finzer P. The role of microbiome-host interactions in the development of Alzheimer´s disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1151021. [PMID: 37333848 PMCID: PMC10272569 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1151021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer`s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia. It is often assumed that AD is caused by an aggregation of extracellular beta-amyloid and intracellular tau-protein, supported by a recent study showing reduced brain amyloid levels and reduced cognitive decline under treatment with a beta-amyloid-binding antibody. Confirmation of the importance of amyloid as a therapeutic target notwithstanding, the underlying causes of beta-amyloid aggregation in the human brain, however, remain to be elucidated. Multiple lines of evidence point towards an important role of infectious agents and/or inflammatory conditions in the etiology of AD. Various microorganisms have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and brains of AD-patients and have thus been hypothesized to be linked to the development of AD, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) and Spirochaetes. Intriguingly, these microorganisms are also found in the oral cavity under normal physiological conditions, which is often affected by multiple pathologies like caries or tooth loss in AD patients. Oral cavity pathologies are mostly accompanied by a compositional shift in the community of oral microbiota, mainly affecting commensal microorganisms and referred to as 'dysbiosis'. Oral dysbiosis seems to be at least partly mediated by key pathogens such as PG, and it is associated with a pro-inflammatory state that promotes the destruction of connective tissue in the mouth, possibly enabling the translocation of pathogenic microbiota from the oral cavity to the nervous system. It has therefore been hypothesized that dysbiosis of the oral microbiome may contribute to the development of AD. In this review, we discuss the infectious hypothesis of AD in the light of the oral microbiome and microbiome-host interactions, which may contribute to or even cause the development of AD. We discuss technical challenges relating to the detection of microorganisms in relevant body fluids and approaches for avoiding false-positives, and introduce the antibacterial protein lactoferrin as a potential link between the dysbiotic microbiome and the host inflammatory reaction.
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Liu WJ, Chang YS, Tseng KC, Yu MH. Activity of bovine lactoferrin in resistance to white spot syndrome virus infection in shrimp. Dev Comp Immunol 2023; 142:104651. [PMID: 36736936 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a notorious pathogen that has plagued shrimp farming worldwide for decades. To date, there are no known treatments that are effective against this virus. Lactoferrin (LF) is a protein with many bioactivities, including antiviral properties. In this study, the activities and mechanisms of bovine LF (bLF) against WSSV were analyzed. Our results showed that bLF treatment significantly reduced shrimp mortalities caused by WSSV infection. bLF was found to have the ability to bind to surfaces of both host cells and WSSV virions. These bindings may have been a result of bLF interactions with the host cellular chitin binding protein and F1 ATP synthase β subunit protein and the WSSV structural proteins VP28, VP110, VP150 and VP160B. bLF demonstrated potential for development as an anti-WSSV agent in shrimp culture. Furthermore, these reactionary proteins may play a role in WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Jing Liu
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Shiang Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kou-Chun Tseng
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hua Yu
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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Levy E, Marcil V, Tagharist Ép Baumel S, Dahan N, Delvin E, Spahis S. Lactoferrin, Osteopontin and Lactoferrin–Osteopontin Complex: A Critical Look on Their Role in Perinatal Period and Cardiometabolic Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061394. [PMID: 36986124 PMCID: PMC10052990 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk-derived bioactive proteins have increasingly gained attention and consideration throughout the world due to their high-quality amino acids and multiple health-promoting attributes. Apparently, being at the forefront of functional foods, these bioactive proteins are also suggested as potential alternatives for the management of various complex diseases. In this review, we will focus on lactoferrin (LF) and osteopontin (OPN), two multifunctional dairy proteins, as well as to their naturally occurring bioactive LF–OPN complex. While describing their wide variety of physiological, biochemical, and nutritional functionalities, we will emphasize their specific roles in the perinatal period. Afterwards, we will evaluate their ability to control oxidative stress, inflammation, gut mucosal barrier, and intestinal microbiota in link with cardiometabolic disorders (CMD) (obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) and associated complications (diabetes and atherosclerosis). This review will not only attempt to highlight the mechanisms of action, but it will critically discuss the potential therapeutic applications of the underlined bioactive proteins in CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Levy
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montreal, C. P. 6205, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3T5, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montreal, C. P. 6205, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3T5, Canada
| | - Sarah Tagharist Ép Baumel
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montreal, C. P. 6205, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3T5, Canada
| | - Noam Dahan
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Biochemistry &Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, C. P. 6205, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3T5, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Biochemistry &Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, C. P. 6205, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3T5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(514)-345-4832
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Singh S, Ananthakrishnan AN, Nguyen NH, Cohen BL, Velayos FS, Weiss JM, Sultan S, Siddique SM, Adler J, Chachu KA. AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Role of Biomarkers for the Management of Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:344-372. [PMID: 36822736 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Biomarkers are used frequently for noninvasive monitoring and treatment decision making in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). This American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) guideline is intended to support practitioners in decisions about the use of biomarkers for the management of UC. METHODS A multidisciplinary panel of content experts and guideline methodologists used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework to prioritize clinical questions, identify patient-centered outcomes, and conduct an evidence synthesis on the clinical performance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin, and fecal lactoferrin as biomarkers of disease activity in patients with established UC in symptomatic remission or with active symptoms. The guideline panel used the Evidence-to-Decision framework to develop recommendations for the use of biomarkers for monitoring and management of UC and provided implementation considerations for clinical practice. RESULTS The guideline panel made 7 conditional recommendations. In patients with UC in symptomatic remission, the panel suggests the use of a biomarker- and symptom-based monitoring strategy over a symptom-based monitoring strategy. For patients in symptomatic remission, the panel suggests using fecal calprotectin <150 μg/g, normal fecal lactoferrin, and/or normal CRP to rule out active inflammation and avoid routine endoscopic assessment of disease. In patients with UC with moderate to severe symptoms, the panel suggests using fecal calprotectin >150 μg/g, elevated fecal lactoferrin, or elevated CRP to inform treatment decisions and avoid routine endoscopic assessment of disease. However, in patients in symptomatic remission but elevated biomarkers, and in patients with moderate to severe symptoms with normal biomarkers, the panel suggests endoscopic assessment of disease to inform treatment decisions. In patients with UC with mild symptoms, the panel suggests endoscopic assessment of disease activity to inform treatment decisions. The panel identified the use of a biomarker-based monitoring strategy over an endoscopy-based monitoring strategy as a knowledge gap. The panel also proposed key implementation considerations for optimal use of biomarkers, and identified areas for future research. CONCLUSIONS In patients with UC, noninvasive biomarkers, including fecal calprotectin, fecal lactoferrin, and serum CRP can inform disease monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nghia H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Benjamin L Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fernando S Velayos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer M Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shahnaz Sultan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shazia M Siddique
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Evidence-Based Practice, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeremy Adler
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, CS Mott Children's Hospital, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Karen A Chachu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Morici P, Rizzato C, Ghelardi E, Rossolini GM, Lupetti A. Sensitization of KPC and NDM Klebsiella pneumoniae To Rifampicin by the Human Lactoferrin-Derived Peptide hLF1-11. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0276722. [PMID: 36537823 PMCID: PMC9927577 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02767-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A synergistic effect of non-bactericidal concentrations of the human lactoferrin (hLF)-derived peptide hLF1-11 and rifampicin against multidrug-resistant KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase)-producing K. pneumoniae has been previously shown. The present study focuses on the mechanism(s) underlying this synergistic effect. The contribution of hLF1-11 and rifampicin to the synergistic effect was evaluated by killing assays with KPC K. pneumoniae cells incubated with hLF1-11 and, after washing, with rifampicin, or vice versa. Cell membrane permeability and polarization upon exposure to hLF1-11 and/or rifampicin were evaluated by ethidium bromide (EtBr) and DiBAC4(3) (bis-1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid trimethine oxonol) permeability, respectively. The effect of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, was also evaluated. KPC K. pneumoniae cells were effectively killed after prior exposure to rifampicin for 30 to 60 min followed by treatment with hLF1-11, while no antibacterial activity was observed when cells were incubated with hLF1-11 first and then with rifampicin. EtBr accumulation increased upon exposure to hLF1-11 or the combination of hLF1-11 and rifampicin, but not upon exposure to rifampicin alone. Moreover, hLF1-11 induced a dose-dependent membrane depolarization. As expected, the antibacterial activity of hLF1-11 alone or combined with rifampicin was significantly reduced in the presence of CCCP. Furthermore, hLF1-11 and rifampicin were synergistic also against a colistin-resistant NDM (New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase)-producing K. pneumoniae strain. The results suggest that rifampicin was accumulated by KPC cells during the 30-to-60-min incubation and that the addition of hLF1-11 sensitized bacterial cells to rifampicin by inducing a transient loss of membrane potential and increased cell membrane permeability, thus facilitating the entrance and retention of rifampicin into the cytoplasm. IMPORTANCE The present study describes a synergistic effect between rifampicin, an impermeable hydrophobic antibiotic with an intracellular target, and an hLF1-11, an antimicrobial peptide derived from human lactoferrin, against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae has recently caused an outbreak in Tuscany, Italy, thus pressing the need for the development of new treatment options. The mechanisms underlying such a synergistic effect have been studied. The results suggest that the synergistic effect was due to the transient loss of membrane potential induced by hLF1-11 and the subsequent increase in cell membrane permeability which allowed rifampicin to enter the bacterial cell. Therefore, it is likely that a sub-inhibitory concentration of hLF1-11 can efficiently permeabilize K. pneumoniae cells to rifampicin, allowing the antibiotic to reach its intracellular target. These results encourage further exploration of possible applications of this synergistic combination in the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Morici
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cosmeri Rizzato
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Ghelardi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonella Lupetti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Chang Y, Ping A, Chang C, Betz VM, Cai L, Ren B. Lactoferrin Mediates Enhanced Osteogenesis of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Innovative Molecular and Cellular Therapy for Bone Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021749. [PMID: 36675267 PMCID: PMC9864243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A prospective source of stem cells for bone tissue engineering is adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and BMP-2 has been proven to be highly effective in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Rarely has research been conducted on the impact of lactoferrin (LF) on ADSCs' osteogenic differentiation. As such, in this study, we examined the effects of LF and BMP-2 to assess the ability of LF to stimulate ADSCs' osteogenic differentiation. The osteogenic medium was supplemented with the LF at the following concentrations to culture ADSCs: 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 500 μg/mL. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure the proliferation of ADSCs. Calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and an ALP activity assay were used to establish osteogenic differentiation. RNA sequencing analysis was carried out to investigate the mechanism of LF boosting the osteogenic development of ADSCs. In the concentration range of 0-100 μg/mL, LF concentration-dependently increased the proliferative vitality and osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. At a dose of 500 μg/mL, LF sped up and enhanced differentiation, but inhibited ADSCs from proliferating. LF (100 and 500 μg/mL) produced more substantial osteoinductive effects than BMP-2. The PI3 kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) and IGF-R1 signaling pathways were significantly activated in LF-treated ADSCs. The in vitro study results showed that LF could effectively promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs by activating the PI3K/AKT and IGF-R1 pathways. In our in vitro investigation, an LF concentration of 100 μg/mL was optimal for osteoinduction and proliferation. Our study suggests that LF is an attractive alternative to BMP-2 in bone tissue engineering. As a bioactive molecule capable of inducing adipose stem cells to form osteoblasts, LF is expected to be clinically used in combination with biomaterials as an innovative molecular and cellular therapy to promote bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ansong Ping
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunyu Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials in Hubei Province and Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Volker M. Betz
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (B.R.); Tel.: +86-138-8609-6467 (L.C.); +86-136-5175-6946 (B.R.)
| | - Bin Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (B.R.); Tel.: +86-138-8609-6467 (L.C.); +86-136-5175-6946 (B.R.)
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Naidu SAG, Wallace TC, Davies KJA, Naidu AS. Lactoferrin for Mental Health: Neuro-Redox Regulation and Neuroprotective Effects across the Blood-Brain Barrier with Special Reference to Neuro-COVID-19. J Diet Suppl 2023; 20:218-253. [PMID: 33977807 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1922567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Overall mental health depends in part on the blood-brain barrier, which regulates nutrient transfer in-and-out of the brain and its central nervous system. Lactoferrin, an innate metal-transport protein, synthesized in the substantia nigra, particularly in dopaminergic neurons and activated microglia is vital for brain physiology. Lactoferrin rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier via receptor-mediated transcytosis and accumulates in the brain capillary endothelial cells. Lactoferrin receptors are additionally present on glioma cells, brain micro-vessels, and neurons. As a regulator of neuro-redox, microglial lactoferrin is critical for protection/repair of neurons and healthy brain function. Iron imbalance and oxidative stress are common among patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, depression, and multiple sclerosis. As an endogenous iron-chelator, lactoferrin prevents iron accumulation and dopamine depletion in Parkinson's disease patients. Oral lactoferrin supplementation could modulate the p-Akt/PTEN pathway, reduce Aβ deposition, and ameliorate cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Novel lactoferrin-based nano-therapeutics have emerged as effective drug-delivery systems for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders. Recent emergence of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, initially considered a respiratory illness, demonstrated a broader virulence spectrum with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and inflict a plethora of neuropathological manifestations in the brain - the Neuro-COVID-19. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are widely reported in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and multiple sclerosis patients with aggravated clinical outcomes. Lactoferrin, credited with several neuroprotective benefits in the brain could serve as a potential adjuvant in the clinical management of Neuro-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreus A G Naidu
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, Yorba Linda, California, USA
| | - Taylor C Wallace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Think Healthy Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Division of Biogerontology, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chen K, Zhang J, Beeraka NM, Li J, Sinelnikov MY, Zhang X, Cao Y, Zakharova DK, Nikolenko VN, Reshetov IV, Lu P. Novel Perspectives on Nanotechnological and Biomedical Implications of Monotherapy or Combination Regimen of Lactoferrin. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:1579-1591. [PMID: 37349998 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230622140926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a protein molecule with a wide variety of physiological properties. LF has broadspectrum antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumor, and possesses immunomodulatory properties to regulate immunity and gastrointestinal function. The main aim of this review is to explore the recent investigations on the functional role of LF against several human disorders and diseases through monotherapy or combinatorial regimens with other biological/chemotherapeutic agents through novel nanoformulations. We significantly searched public databases such as Pubmed, National Library of Medicine, relemed, Scopus and collected published reports pertaining to these recent reports on lactoferrin as a monotherapy or combination therapy, and its nanoformulations. We have discussed vividly the role of LF as a growth factor with substantial potential that can promote cell growth and regeneration potential for repairing tissues such as bone, skin, mucosa, and tendons. In addition, we have discussed novel perspectives on the role of LF as an inductive factor for the proliferation of stem cells in tissue recovery and discussed its novel modulating effects in ameliorating cancer and microbial growth through several signaling cascades via monotherapy or combinatorial regimens. Furthermore, the regeneration potential of this protein is reviewed to explore the efficacy and prospects of new treatment methods. This review benefits various microbiologists, stem cell therapists, and oncologists to explore the efficacy of LF in several segments of medicine by examining its ability as a stem cell differentiation factor, and anticancer agent or antimicrobial agent through novel formulations in preclinical or clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER), Anantapuramu, Chiyyedu, Andhra Pradesh, 515721, India
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Sinelab Biomedical Research Centre, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Jialing Li
- University School of Medicine, 2300 SW 145th Ave, Miramar, FL33027, USA
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Sinelab Biomedical Research Centre, Minnesota 55905, USA
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Scientific Center of Surgery, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Darya K Zakharova
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Igor V Reshetov
- Department of Breast Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Pengwei Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Lin CC, Chuang KC, Chen SW, Chao YH, Yen CC, Yang SH, Chen W, Chang KH, Chang YK, Chen CM. Lactoferrin Ameliorates Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma in Mice through Reducing Dendritic-Cell-Derived Th2 Cell Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214185. [PMID: 36430662 PMCID: PMC9696322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with symptoms such as expiratory airflow narrowing and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Millions of people suffer from asthma and are at risk of life-threatening conditions. Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein with multiple physiological functions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumoral activities. LF has been shown to function in immunoregulatory activities in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) in mice. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of LF in AHR and the functions of dendritic cells (DCs) and Th2-related responses in asthma. Twenty 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were divided into normal control (NC), ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized, and OVA-sensitized with low dose of LF (100 mg/kg) or high dose of LF (300 mg/kg) treatment groups. The mice were challenged by intranasal instillation with 5% OVA on the 21st to 27th day after the start of the sensitization period. The AHR, cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and pulmonary histology of each mouse were measured. Serum OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 and OVA-specific splenocyte responses were further detected. The results showed that LF exhibited protective effects in ameliorating AHR, as well as lung inflammation and damage, in reducing the expression of Th2 cytokines and the secretion of allergen-specific antibodies, in influencing the functions of DCs, and in decreasing the level of Th2 immune responses in a BALB/c mouse model of OVA-induced allergic asthma. Importantly, we demonstrated that LF has practical application in reducing DC-induced Th2 cell responses in asthma. In conclusion, LF exhibits anti-inflammation and immunoregulation activities in OVA-induced allergic asthma. These results suggest that LF may act as a supplement to prevent asthma-induced lung injury and provide an additional agent for reducing asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chien Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Chuang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsi Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, The Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22856309; Fax: +886-4-22874740
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Guo R, Zhang T, Lambert TOT, Wang T, Voglmeir J, Rand KD, Liu L. PNGase H + variant from Rudaea cellulosilytica with improved deglycosylation efficiency for rapid analysis of eukaryotic N-glycans and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis of glycoproteins. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9376. [PMID: 35945033 PMCID: PMC9541014 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of glycoproteins and the comparison of protein N-glycosylation from different eukaryotic origins require unbiased and robust analytical workflows. The structural and functional analysis of vertebrate protein N-glycosylation currently depends extensively on bacterial peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidases (PNGases), which are indispensable enzymatic tools in releasing asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) from glycoproteins. So far, only limited PNGase candidates are available for N-glycans analysis, and particularly the analysis of plant and invertebrate N-glycans is hampered by the lack of suitable PNGases. Furthermore, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflows, such as hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), require a highly efficient enzymatic release of N-glycans at low pH values to facilitate the comprehensive structural analysis of glycoproteins. Herein, we describe a previously unstudied superacidic bacterial N-glycanase (PNGase H+ ) originating from the soil bacterium Rudaea cellulosilytica (Rc), which has significantly improved enzymatic properties compared to previously described PNGase H+ variants. Active and soluble recombinant PNGase Rc was expressed at a higher protein level (3.8-fold) and with higher specific activity (~56% increase) compared to the currently used PNGase H+ variant from Dyella japonicum (Dj). Recombinant PNGase Rc was able to deglycosylate the glycoproteins horseradish peroxidase and bovine lactoferrin significantly faster than PNGase Dj (10 min vs. 6 h). The versatility of PNGase Rc was demonstrated by releasing N-glycans from a diverse array of samples such as peach fruit, king trumpet mushroom, mouse serum, and the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The presence of only two disulfide bonds shown in the AlphaFold protein model (so far all other superacidic PNGases possess more disulfide bonds) could be corroborated by intact mass- and peptide mapping analysis and provides a possible explanation for the improved recombinant expression yield of PNGase Rc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui‐Rui Guo
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian‐Chan Zhang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | | | - Ting Wang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kasper D. Rand
- Protein Analysis Group, Department of PharmacyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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Mayneris-Perxachs J, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Fernández-Real JM. The role of iron in host-microbiota crosstalk and its effects on systemic glucose metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:683-698. [PMID: 35986176 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron is critical for the appearance and maintenance of life on Earth. Almost all organisms compete or cooperate for iron acquisition, demonstrating the importance of this essential element for the biological and physiological processes that are key for the preservation of metabolic homeostasis. In humans and other mammals, the bidirectional interactions between the bacterial component of the gut microbiota and the host for iron acquisition shape both host and microbiota metabolism. Bacterial functions influence host iron absorption, whereas the intake of iron, iron deficiency and iron excess in the host affect bacterial biodiversity, taxonomy and function, resulting in changes in bacterial virulence. These consequences of the host-microbial crosstalk affect systemic levels of iron, its storage in different tissues and host glucose metabolism. At the interface between the host and the microbiota, alterations in the host innate immune system and in circulating soluble factors that regulate iron (that is, hepcidin, lipocalin 2 and lactoferrin) are associated with metabolic disease. In fact, patients with obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance exhibit dysregulation in iron homeostasis and alterations in their gut microbiota profile. From an evolutionary point of view, the pursuit of two important nutrients - glucose and iron - has probably driven human evolution towards the most efficient pathways and genes for human survival and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
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Perego M, Fu S, Cao Y, Kossenkov A, Yao M, Bonner E, Alicea-Torres K, Liu W, Jiang Z, Chen Z, Fuchs SY, Zhou J, Gabrilovich DI. Mechanisms regulating transitory suppressive activity of neutrophils in newborns: PMNs-MDSCs in newborns. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:955-968. [PMID: 35726818 PMCID: PMC9794389 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4hi0921-514rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transitory appearance of immune suppressive polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) defined as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMNs-MDSCs) in newborns is important for their protection from inflammation associated with newly established gut microbiota. Here, we report that inhibition of the type I IFN (IFN1) pathway played a major role in regulation of PMNs-MDSCs-suppressive activity during first weeks of life. Expression of the IFN1 receptor IFNAR1 was markedly lower in PMNs-MDSCs. However, in newborn mice, down-regulation of IFNAR1 was not sufficient to render PMNs immune suppressive. That also required the presence of a positive signal from lactoferrin via its receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2. The latter effect was mediated via NF-κB activation, which was tempered by IFN1 in a manner that involved suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. Thus, we discovered a mechanism of tight regulation of immune suppressive PMNs-MDSCs in newborns, which may be used in the development of therapies of neonatal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuyu Fu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yingjiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Meng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Erin Bonner
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin Alicea-Torres
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biology Department, University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Humacao, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Wangkai Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Regueiro U, López-López M, Varela-Fernández R, Sobrino T, Diez-Feijoo E, Lema I. Immunomodulatory Effect of Human Lactoferrin on Toll-like Receptors 2 Expression as Therapeutic Approach for Keratoconus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012350. [PMID: 36293206 PMCID: PMC9604127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal disorder whose etiology shares a close relationship with Lactoferrin (LTF) dysregulation and Toll-like Receptors 2 (TLR2) overexpression. This study shows how these two important biomarkers are clinically and molecularly interrelated, increasing knowledge about KC pathophysiology, and opening the door to future therapies. In this prospective clinical study, serum and tear LTF concentrations were quantified in 90 KC patients and 60 controls. A correlation analysis with multiple blood and tear immunoinflammatory mediators, and KC-associated tomographic parameters, was performed. An in vitro study using HEK-BlueTMhTLR2 cell cultures was also conducted to determine the expression and functionality of TLR2 under the influence of LTF treatment. As a result, a LTF decreased was observed in KC patients compared to controls (p < 0.0001), evidencing the strong correlation with TLR2 overexpression at systemic and ocular surface level, with inflammatory mediator upregulation and with KC severity. In stimulated cell cultures, TLR2 expression was decreased using 2 mg/mL of LTF. The levels of secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were also reduced in supernatants after LTF treatment. As conclusions, the dysregulation of LTF and TLR2 in the ocular surface of KC patients contributes to KC severity by maintaining a detrimental chronic immune−inflammatory state. The immunomodulatory properties of LTF on TLR2 expression suggest its potential as a therapeutic approach for KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxía Regueiro
- Corneal Neurodegeneration Group (RENOIR), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (U.R.); (I.L.); Tel.: +34-981951086 (U.R. & I.L.)
| | - Maite López-López
- Corneal Neurodegeneration Group (RENOIR), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rubén Varela-Fernández
- Corneal Neurodegeneration Group (RENOIR), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Laboratory (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elio Diez-Feijoo
- Corneal Neurodegeneration Group (RENOIR), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Galician Institute of Ophthalmology (INGO), Conxo Provincial Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isabel Lema
- Corneal Neurodegeneration Group (RENOIR), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Galician Institute of Ophthalmology (INGO), Conxo Provincial Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (U.R.); (I.L.); Tel.: +34-981951086 (U.R. & I.L.)
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Moldovan GE, Song Y, Kim TH, Su RW, Jeong JW, Gruzdev A, Spencer TE, Fazleabas AT. Notch effector recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J signaling is required for the initiation of endometrial stromal cell decidualization†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:977-983. [PMID: 35835555 PMCID: PMC9562121 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is required for reproductive success. This pathway activates its transcriptional effector, recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J (Rbpj), to induce transcription of its target genes. This signaling pathway is required for successful decidualization, implantation, and uterine repair following parturition. To identify the compartmental specific roles of the Notch signaling pathway in the establishment of pregnancy, we generated epithelial and decidual stromal cell specific knockouts of Rbpj utilizing lactoferrin iCre and Prl8A2 iCre, respectively. Both conditional knockout mouse models were fertile. The Rbpj epithelial knockout mice displayed 27% resorption sites at E15.5, but this did not significantly impact the number of live born pups compared with controls. In addition, the Rbpj epithelial knockout mice displayed increased estrogen signaling in their stromal compartment. Given that both mouse models exhibited fertility comparable to control animals, the epithelial and stromal specific nature of the iCre recombinases utilized, and previously published Rbpj total uterine knockout mouse models, we conclude that Notch effector Rbpj signaling is required at the initiation of pregnancy to support decidualization in stromal cells, but that Rbpj is not required in the epithelial compartment nor is it required for post-implantation pregnancy success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genna E Moldovan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ren-Wei Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- Knockout Mouse Core Facility, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Divison of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Asgerally T Fazleabas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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