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Wang E, Wan J, Guo YJ, Zhang Q, He WH, Zhang CH, Chen WP, Yan HJ, Xue DJ, Fang T, Wang F, Wen R, Xin S, Yin YX, Guo YG. Mitigating Electron Leakage of Solid Electrolyte Interface for Stable Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216354. [PMID: 36440597 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial stability is highly responsible for the longevity and safety of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, the continuous solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI) growth would deteriorate its stability. Essentially, the SEI growth is associated with the electron leakage behavior, yet few efforts have tried to suppress the SEI growth, from the perspective of mitigating electron leakage. Herein, we built two kinds of SEI layers with distinct growth behaviors, via the additive strategy. The SEI physicochemical features (morphology and componential information) and SEI electronic properties (LUMO level, band gap, electron work function) were investigated elaborately. Experimental and calculational analyses showed that, the SEI layer with suppressed growth delivers both the low electron driving force and the high electron insulation ability. Thus, the electron leakage is mitigated, which restrains the continuous SEI growth, and favors the interface stability with enhanced electrochemical performance.
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Wang Z, Jing L, Zheng X, Xu Z, Yuan Y, Liu X, Fu A, Guo YG, Li H. Microspheres of Si@Carbon-CNTs composites with a stable 3D interpenetrating structure applied in high-performance lithium-ion battery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:511-521. [PMID: 36174294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The huge volumetric expansion (>300 %) of Si that occurs during the charge-discharge process makes it to have poor cycling ability and weak stable structure. These factors are considered as critical obstacles to the further development of Si as anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, novel 3D interpenetrating microspheres, i.e., Si@C-CNTs, which consist of silicon nanoparticles interpenetrated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and stuck with amorphous carbon (C) have been designed and prepared via a spray-drying assisted approach. As anode of LIBs, Si@C-CNTs microspheres can achieve high silicon loadings of around 86 % and a high initial coulomb efficiency of 80.8 %. The electrodes maintain a reversible specific capacity of 1585.9mAh/g at 500 mA g-1 after 200 cycles, and deliver an excellent rate capability of 756.4 mAh/g at 5 A g-1. The outstanding performance of Si@C-CNTs can be due to their 3D interpenetrating structure and the synergy effect between the CNTs network and amorphous carbon therein. They synergistically act as conductive matrices which significantly improve the conductivity of the composite; they also act binders and reinforcing skeleton which help the composite spheres to have stable structure. Especially, the latter (reinforcing skeleton) alleviates the volumetric effect induced by the expansion and shrinkage of silicon particles during lithiation. The unique architecture provides an ideal model that can be used to design Si-based composite anode for advanced LIBs.
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Liu GX, Tian JX, Wan J, Li Y, Shen ZZ, Chen WP, Zhao Y, Wang F, Liu B, Xin S, Guo YG, Wen R. Revealing the High Salt Concentration Manipulated Evolution Mechanism on the Lithium Anode in Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212744. [PMID: 36310122 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries are promising candidates of energy storage devices. Both adjusting salt/solvent ratio and applying quasi-solid-state electrolytes are regarded as effective strategies to improve the lithium (Li) anode performance. However, reaction mechanisms and interfacial properties in quasi-solid-state lithium-sulfur (QSSLS) batteries with high salt concentration are not clear. Here we utilize in-situ characterizations and molecular dynamics simulations to unravel aforesaid mysteries, and construct relationships of electrolyte structure, interfacial behaviour and performance. The generation mechanism, formation process, and mechanical/chemical/electrochemical properties of the anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are deeply explored. Li deposition uniformity and dissolution reversibility are further tuned by the sustainable SEI. These straightforward evidences and deepgoing studies would guide the electrolyte design and interfacial engineering of QSSLS batteries.
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Wang E, Wan J, Guo YJ, Zhang Q, He WH, Zhang CH, Chen WP, Yan HJ, Xue DJ, Fang T, Wang F, Wen R, Xin S, Yin YX, Guo YG. Mitigating Electron Leakage of Solid Electrolyte Interface for Stable Sodium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202216354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu GX, Tian JX, Wan J, Li Y, Shen ZZ, Chen WP, Zhao Y, Wang F, Liu B, Xin S, Guo YG, Wen R. Revealing the High Salt Concentration Manipulated Evolution Mechanism on the Lithium Anode in Quasi‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Shi JL, Sheng H, Meng XH, Zhang XD, Lei D, Sun X, Pan H, Wang J, Yu X, Wang C, Li Y, Guo YG. Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac226. [PMID: 36817832 PMCID: PMC9935991 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-crystalline Ni-rich (SCNR) cathode with a large particle size can achieve higher energy density, and is safer, than polycrystalline counterparts. However, synthesizing large SCNR cathodes (>5 μm) without compromising electrochemical performance is very challenging due to the incompatibility between Ni-rich cathodes and high temperature calcination. Herein, we introduce Vegard's Slope as a guide for rationally selecting sintering aids, and we successfully synthesize size-controlled SCNR cathodes, the largest of which can be up to 10 μm. Comprehensive theoretical calculation and experimental characterization show that sintering aids continuously migrate to the particle surface, suppress sublattice oxygen release and reduce the surface energy of the typically exposed facets, which promotes grain boundary migration and elevates calcination critical temperature. The dense SCNR cathodes, fabricated by packing of different-sized SCNR cathode particles, achieve a highest electrode press density of 3.9 g cm-3 and a highest volumetric energy density of 3000 Wh L-1. The pouch cell demonstrates a high energy density of 303 Wh kg-1, 730 Wh L-1 and 76% capacity retention after 1200 cycles. SCNR cathodes with an optimized particle size distribution can meet the requirements for both electric vehicles and portable devices. Furthermore, the principle for controlling the growth of SCNR particles can be widely applied when synthesizing other materials for Li-ion, Na-ion and K-ion batteries.
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Han Y, Lei Y, Ni J, Zhang Y, Geng Z, Ming P, Zhang C, Tian X, Shi JL, Guo YG, Xiao Q. Single-Crystalline Cathodes for Advanced Li-Ion Batteries: Progress and Challenges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107048. [PMID: 35229459 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystalline cathodes are the most promising candidates for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Compared to their polycrystalline counterparts, single-crystalline cathodes have advantages over liquid-electrolyte-based LIBs in terms of cycle life, structural stability, thermal stability, safety, and storage but also have a potential application in solid-state LIBs. In this review, the development history and recent progress of single-crystalline cathodes are reviewed, focusing on properties, synthesis, challenges, solutions, and characterization. Synthesis of single-crystalline cathodes usually involves preparing precursors and subsequent calcination, which are summarized in the details. In the following sections, the development issues of single-crystalline cathodes, including kinetic limitations, interfacial side reactions, safety issues, reversible planar gliding and micro-cracking, and particle size distribution and agglomeration, are systematically analyzed, followed by current solutions and characterization techniques. Finally, this review is concluded with proposed research thrusts for the future development of single-crystalline cathodes.
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Tan SJ, Tian YF, Zhao Y, Feng XX, Zhang J, Zhang CH, Fan M, Guo JC, Yin YX, Wang F, Xin S, Guo YG. Noncoordinating Flame-Retardant Functional Electrolyte Solvents for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18240-18245. [PMID: 36169321 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In Li-ion batteries, functional cosolvents could significantly improve the specific performance of the electrolyte, for example, the flame retardancy. In case the cosolvent shows strong Li+-coordinating ability, it could adversely influence the electrochemical Li+-intercalation reaction of the electrode. In this work, a noncoordinating functional cosolvent was proposed to enrich the functionality of the electrolyte while avoiding interference with the Li storage process. Hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene, an efficient flame-retardant agent with proper physicochemical properties, was chosen as a cosolvent for preparing functional electrolytes. The nonpolar phosphazene molecules with low electron-donating ability do not coordinate with Li+ and thus are excluded from the primary solvation sheath. In graphite-anode-based Li-ion batteries, the phosphazene molecules do not cointercalate with Li+ into the graphite lattice during the charging process, which helps to maintain integral anode structure and interface and contributes to stable cycling. The noncoordinating cosolvent was also applied to other types of electrode materials and batteries, paving a new way for high-performance electrochemical energy storage systems with customizable functions.
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Meng XH, Lin T, Mao H, Shi JL, Sheng H, Zou YG, Fan M, Jiang K, Xiao RJ, Xiao D, Gu L, Wan LJ, Guo YG. Kinetic Origin of Planar Gliding in Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathodes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11338-11347. [PMID: 35700279 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes with high capacity have drawn much attention for mitigating cycling and safety crisis of their polycrystalline analogues. However, planar gliding and intragranular cracking tend to occur in single crystals with cycling, which undermine cathode integrity and therefore cause capacity degradation. Herein, we intensively investigate the origin and evolution of the gliding phenomenon in single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes. Discrete or continuous gliding forms are revealed with new surface exposure including the gliding plane (003) and reconstructed (-108) under surface energy drive. It is also demonstrated that the gliding process is the in-plane migration of transition metal ions, and reducing oxygen vacancies will increase the migration energy barrier by which gliding and microcracking can be restrained. The designed cathode with less oxygen deficiency exhibits outstanding cycling performance with an 80.8% capacity retention after 1000 cycles in pouch cells. Our findings provide an insight into the relationship between defect control and chemomechanical properties of single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes.
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Tian H, Zhao YM, Tian YF, Li G, Li JY, Jiang KC, Wang WP, Li XD, Zhang XS, Xu Q, Li HL, Guo YG. A highly stable pre-lithiated SiO x anode coated with a "salt-in-polymer" layer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7920-7923. [PMID: 35758402 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02605h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An artificial "salt-in-polymer" SEI, composed of poly-(1,3-dioxolane) and high-modulus fluorinated products generated from the in situ decomposition of Li salts, was constructed on the surface of Li-MSiOx particles. This LiF-rich SEI helps to maintain the structural integrity of Li-MSiOx particles and improves the Li storage reversibility of the Li-MSiOx anode.
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Li XD, Zhao YM, Tian YF, Lu ZY, Fan M, Zhang XS, Tian H, Xu Q, Li HL, Guo YG. Lithium/Boron Co-doped Micrometer SiO x as Promising Anode Materials for High-Energy-Density Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:27854-27860. [PMID: 35678306 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The carbon-coated silicon monoxide (SiOx@C) has been considered as one of the most promising high-capacity anodes for the next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the relatively low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and the still existing huge volume expansion during repeated lithiation/delithiation cycling remain the greatest challenges to its practical application. Here, we developed a lithium and boron (Li/B) co-doping strategy to efficiently enhance the ICE and alleviate the volume expansion or pulverization of SiOx@C anodes. The in situ generated Li silicates (LixSiOy) by Li doping will reduce the active Li loss during the initial cycling and enhance the ICE of SiOx@C anodes. Meanwhile, B doping works to promote the Li+ diffusion and strengthen the internal bonding networks within SiOx@C, enhancing its resistance to cracking and pulverization during cycling. As a result, the enhanced ICE (83.28%), suppressed volume expansion, and greatly improved cycling (85.4% capacity retention after 200 cycles) and rate performance could be achieved for the Li/B co-doped SiOx@C (Li/B-SiOx@C) anodes. Especially, the Li/B-SiOx@C and graphite composite anodes with a capacity of 531.5 mA h g-1 were demonstrated to show an ICE of 90.1% and superior cycling stability (90.1% capacity retention after 250 cycles), which is significant for the practical application of high-energy-density LIBs.
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Chang X, Fan M, Gu CF, He WH, Meng Q, Wan LJ, Guo YG. Selective Extraction of Transition Metals from Spent LiNi x Co y Mn 1-x-y O 2 Cathode via Regulation of Coordination Environment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202558. [PMID: 35305061 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of chemical compounds in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) results in great difficulties in the extraction of multiple transition metals, which have similar physicochemical characteristics. Here, we propose a novel strategy for selective extraction of nickel, cobalt, and manganese from spent LiNix Coy Mn1-x-y O2 (NCM) cathode through the regulation of coordination environment. Depending on adjusting the composition of ligand in transition metal complexes, a tandem leaching and separation system is designed and finally enables nickel, cobalt, and manganese to enrich in the form of NiO, Co3 O4 , and Mn3 O4 with high recovery yields of 99.1 %, 95.1 %, and 95.3 %, respectively. We further confirm that the combination of different transition metals with well-designed ligands is the key to good selectivity. Through our work, fine-tuning the coordination environment of metal ions is proved to have great prospects in the battery recycling industry.
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Fan M, Chang X, Meng XH, Gu CF, Zhang CH, Meng Q, Wan LJ, Guo YG. Structural Restoration of Degraded LiFePO
4
Cathode with Enhanced Kinetics Using Residual Lithium in Spent Graphite Anodes. CCS CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.022.202201996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Guo YJ, Zhang CH, Xin S, Shi JL, Wang WP, Fan M, Chang YX, He WH, Wang E, Zou YG, Yang X, Meng F, Zhang YY, Lei ZQ, Yin YX, Guo YG. Competitive Doping Chemistry for Nickel-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116865. [PMID: 35132759 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of electrode materials by heteroatom dopants is crucial for improving storage performance in rechargeable batteries. Electron configurations of different dopants significantly influence the chemical interactions inbetween and the chemical bonding with the host material, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We revealed competitive doping chemistry of Group IIIA elements (boron and aluminum) taking nickel-rich cathode materials as a model. A notable difference between the atomic radii of B and Al accounts for different spatial configurations of the hybridized orbital in bonding with lattice oxygen. Density functional theory calculations reveal, Al is preferentially bonded to oxygen and vice versa, and shows a much lower diffusion barrier than BIII . In the case of Al-preoccupation, the bulk diffusion of BIII is hindered. In this way, a B-rich surface and Al-rich bulk is formed, which helps to synergistically stabilize the structural evolution and surface chemistry of the cathode.
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Wan J, Zuo Z, Shen ZZ, Chen WP, Liu GX, Hu XC, Song YX, Xin S, Guo YG, Wen R, Li Y, Wan LJ. Interfacial Evolution of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Lithium Deposition in Graphdiyne-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9354-9362. [PMID: 35561032 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
All-carbon graphdiyne (GDY)-based materials have attracted extensive attention owing to their extraordinary structures and outstanding performance in electrochemical energy storage. Straightforward insights into the interfacial evolution at GDY electrode/electrolyte interface could crucially enrich the fundamental comprehensions and inspire targeted regulations. Herein, in situ optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy monitoring of the GDY and N-doped GDY electrodes reveal the interplay between the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and Li deposition. The growth and continuous accumulation of the flocculent-like SEI is directly tracked at the surface of GDY electrode. Moreover, the nanoparticle-shaped SEI homogeneously propagates at the interface when N configurations are involved, providing a critical clue for the N-doping effects of stabilizing interfaces and homogenizing Li deposition. This work probes into the dynamic evolution and structure-reactivity correlation in detail, creating effective strategies for GDY-based materials optimization in lithium-ion batteries.
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Lei ZQ, Guo YJ, Wang EH, He WH, Zhang YY, Xin S, Yin YX, Guo YG. koLayered Oxide Cathode-Electrolyte Interface towards Na-Ion Batteries: Advances and Perspectives. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200213. [PMID: 35560519 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With the ever increasing demand for low-cost and economic sustainable energy storage, Na-ion batteries have received much attention for the application on large-scale energy storage for electric grids because of the worldwide distribution and natural abundance of sodium element, low solvation energy of Na+ ion in the electrolyte and the low cost of Al as current collectors. Starting from a brief comparison with Li-ion batteries, this review summarizes the current understanding of layered oxide cathode/electrolyte interphase in NIBs, and discusses the related degradation mechanisms, such as surface reconstruction and transition metal dissolution. Recent advances in constructing stable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) on layered oxide cathode are systematically summarized, including surface modification of layered oxide cathode materials and formulation of electrolyte. Urgent challenges are detailed in order to provide insight into the imminent developments of NIBs.
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Cheng Z, Fan XY, Yu L, Hua W, Guo YJ, Feng YH, Ji FD, Liu M, Yin YX, Han X, Guo YG, Wang PF. A Rational Biphasic Tailoring Strategy Enabling High-Performance Layered Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117728. [PMID: 35233902 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Layered oxide cathodes usually exhibit high compositional diversity, thus providing controllable electrochemical performance for Na-ion batteries. These abundant components lead to complicated structural chemistry, closely affecting the stacking preference, phase transition and Na+ kinetics. With this perspective, we explore the thermodynamically stable phase diagram of various P2/O3 composites based on a rational biphasic tailoring strategy. Then a specific P2/O3 composite is investigated and compared with its monophasic counterparts. A highly reversible structural evolution of P2/O3-P2/O3/P3-P2/P3-P2/Z/O3'-Z/O3' based on the Ni2+ /Ni3.5+ , Fe3+ /Fe4+ and Mn3.8+ /Mn4+ redox couples upon sequential Na extraction/insertion is revealed. The reduced structural strain at the phase boundary alleviates the phase transition and decreases the lattice mismatch during cycling, endowing the biphasic electrode a large reversible capacity of 144 mAh g-1 with the energy density approaching 514 Wh kg-1 .
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Tian YF, Li G, Xu DX, Lu ZY, Yan MY, Wan J, Li JY, Xu Q, Xin S, Wen R, Guo YG. Micrometer-Sized SiMg y O x with Stable Internal Structure Evolution for High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200672. [PMID: 35147252 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, micrometer-sized Si-based anode materials have attracted intensive attention in the pursuit of energy-storage systems with high energy and low cost. However, the significant volume variation during repeated electrochemical (de)alloying processes will seriously damage the bulk structure of SiOx microparticles, resulting in rapid performance fade. This work proposes to address the challenge by preparing in situ magnesium-doped SiOx (SiMgy Ox ) microparticles with stable structural evolution against Li uptake/release. The homogeneous distribution of magnesium silicate in SiMgy Ox contributes to building a bonding network inside the particle so that it raises the modulus of lithiated state and restrains the internal cracks due to electrochemical agglomeration of nano-Si. The prepared micrometer-sized SiMgy Ox anode shows high reversible capacities, stable cycling performance, and low electrode expansion at high areal mass loading. A 21700 cylindrical-type cell based on the SiMgy Ox -graphite anode and LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 O2 cathode demonstrates a 1000-cycle operation life using industry-recognized electrochemical test procedures, which meets the practical storage requirements for consumer electronics and electric vehicles. This work provides insights on the reasonable structural design of micrometer-sized alloying anode materials toward realization of high-performance Li-ion batteries.
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Chang X, Fan M, Gu CF, He WH, Meng Q, Wan LJ, Guo YG. Selective Extraction of Transition Metals from Spent LiNixCoyMn1‐x‐yO2 Cathode via Regulation of Coordination Environment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sheng H, Meng XH, Xiao DD, Fan M, Chen WP, Wan J, Tang J, Zou YG, Wang F, Wen R, Shi JL, Guo YG. An Air-Stable High-Nickel Cathode with Reinforced Electrochemical Performance Enabled by Convertible Amorphous Li 2 CO 3 Modification. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108947. [PMID: 34994990 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-nickel (Ni ≥ 90%) cathodes with high specific capacity hold great potential for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, their practical application is restricted by the high interfacial reactivity under continuous air erosion and electrolyte assault. Herein, a stable high-nickel cathode is rationally designed via in situ induction of a dense amorphous Li2 CO3 on the particle surface by a preemptive atmosphere control. Among the residual lithium compounds, Li2 CO3 is the most thermodynamically stable one, so a dense Li2 CO3 coating layer can serve as a physical protection layer to isolate the cathode from contact with moist air. Furthermore, amorphous Li2 CO3 can be transformed into a robust F-rich cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) during cycling, which reinforces the cathode's interfacial stability and improves the electrochemical performance. The assembled coin cell with this modified cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 232.4 mAh g-1 with a superior initial Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 95.1%, and considerable capacity retention of 90.4% after 100 cycles. Furthermore, no slurry gelation occurs during the large-scale electrode fabrication process. This work opens a valuable perspective on the evolution of amorphous Li2 CO3 in LIBs and provides guidance on protecting unstable high-capacity cathodes for energy-storage devices.
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Zhang SY, Zhou YN, Yu L, Fan M, Chen WP, Xin S, Yin YX, Xu S, Guo YG. O3-Type Na 2/3Ni 1/3Ti 2/3O 2 Layered Oxide as a Stable and High-Rate Anode Material for Sodium Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:677-683. [PMID: 34939409 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are currently the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage devices owing to their low cost and abundant resources. Titanium-based layered oxides have attracted widespread attention as promising anode materials due to delivering a safe potential of about 0.7 V (vs Na+/Na) and a small volume contraction during cycles; P2-type Ti-based layered oxides are typically reported, due to the challenging synthesis of the O3-type counterpart resulting from the high percentage of unstable Ti3+. Herein, we report an anomalous O3-Na2/3Ni1/3Ti2/3O2 layered oxide as an ultrastable and high-rate anode material for SIBs. The anode material delivers a reversible capacity of 112 mA h g-1 after 300 cycles at 0.1 C, a good capacity retention rate of 91% after 1400 cycles at 2 C, and, in particular, a capacity of 52 mA h g-1 even at a high rate of 20 C (1780 mA g-1). Furthermore, the in situ X-ray diffraction monitoring reveals no phase transitions and almost zero strain both underlie the good long-cycle stability. The measured high apparent Na+ diffusion coefficient (2.06 × 10-10 cm2 s-1) and the low migration energy barrier (0.59 eV) from density functional theory calculations are responsible for the superior rate capability. Our results promise advanced high-performance O3-type Ti-based layered oxides as promising anode materials toward application for SIBs.
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Zou YG, Mao H, Meng XH, Du YH, Sheng H, Yu X, Shi JL, Guo YG. Mitigating the Kinetic Hindrance of Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathode via Surface Gradient Penetration of Tantalum. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26535-26539. [PMID: 34605155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes are promising candidates for the next-generation high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, they still suffer from poor rate capability and low specific capacity due to the severe kinetic hindrance at the nondilute state during Li+ intercalation. Herein, combining experiments with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that this obstacle can be tackled by regulating the oxidation state of nickel via injecting high-valence foreign Ta5+ . The as-obtained single-crystalline LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 delivers a high specific capacity (211.2 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C), high initial Coulombic efficiency (93.8 %), excellent rate capability (157 mAh g-1 at 4 C), and good durability (90.4 % after 100 cycles under 0.5 C). This work provides a strategy to mitigate the Li+ kinetic hindrance of the appealing single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes and will inspire peers to conduct an intensive study.
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Liang JY, Zhang XD, Zhang Y, Huang LB, Yan M, Shen ZZ, Wen R, Tang J, Wang F, Shi JL, Wan LJ, Guo YG. Cooperative Shielding of Bi-Electrodes via In Situ Amorphous Electrode-Electrolyte Interphases for Practical High-Energy Lithium-Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16768-16776. [PMID: 34607434 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state Li-metal batteries offer a great opportunity for high-security and high-energy-density energy storage systems. However, redundant interfacial modification layers, intended to lead to an overall satisfactory interfacial stability, dramatically debase the actual energy density. Herein, a dual-interface amorphous cathode electrolyte interphase/solid electrolyte interphase CEI/SEI protection (DACP) strategy is proposed to conquer the main challenges of electrochemical side reactions and Li dendrites in hybrid solid-liquid batteries without sacrificing energy density via LiDFOB and LiBF4 in situ synergistic conversion. The amorphous CEI/SEI products have an ultralow mass proportion and act as a dynamic shield to cooperatively enforce dual electrodes with a well-preserved structure. Thus, this in situ DACP layer subtly reconciles multiple interfacial compatibilities and a high energy density, endowing the hybrid solid-liquid Li-metal battery with a sustainably brilliant cycling stability even at practical conditions, including high cathode loading, high voltage (4.5 V), and high temperature (45 °C) conditions, and enables a high-energy-density (456 Wh kg-1) pouch cell (11.2 Ah, 5 mA h cm-2) with a lean electrolyte (0.92 g Ah-1, containing solid and liquid phases). The compatible modification strategy points out a promising approach for the design of practical interfaces in future solid-state battery systems.
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Ma Q, Yue J, Fan M, Tan SJ, Zhang J, Wang WP, Liu Y, Tian YF, Xu Q, Yin YX, You Y, Luo A, Xin S, Wu XW, Guo YG. Formulating the Electrolyte Towards High-Energy and Safe Rechargeable Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16554-16560. [PMID: 33955135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries with a cell-level specific energy of >400 Wh kg-1 are highly desired for next-generation storage applications, yet the research has been retarded by poor electrolyte-electrode compatibility and rigorous safety concerns. We demonstrate that by simply formulating the composition of conventional electrolytes, a hybrid electrolyte was constructed to ensure high (electro)chemical and thermal stability with both the Li-metal anode and the nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes. By employing the new electrolyte, Li∥LiNi0.6 Co0.2 Mn0.2 O2 cells show favorable cycling and rate performance, and a 10 Ah Li∥LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 pouch cell demonstrates a practical specific energy of >450 Wh kg-1 . Our findings shed light on reasonable design principles for electrolyte and electrode/electrolyte interfaces toward practical realization of high-energy rechargeable batteries.
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Huang LB, Li G, Lu ZY, Li JY, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Zhang XD, Jiang KC, Xu Q, Guo YG. trans-Difluoroethylene Carbonate as an Electrolyte Additive for Microsized SiO x@C Anodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24916-24924. [PMID: 34027654 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microsized SiOx has been vigorously investigated as an advanced anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, its practical application is seriously hampered by its huge volume variation during the repeated (de)lithiation process, which destroys the microparticle structure and results in rapid capacity fading. Herein, we propose the usage of trans-difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC) as an electrolyte additive to maintain the structural integrity of microsized SiOx with a uniform carbon layer (SiOx@C). Compared with ethylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate, DFEC has lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy and higher reduction potential, which is easily reduced and promotes the in situ formation of a more stable LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of anode materials. The LiF-rich SEI exhibits enhanced mechanical rigidity and ionic conductivity, thus enabling the microsized SiOx@C anodes' excellent lithium storage stability and high average Coulombic efficiency.
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