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Li Y, Pang B, Du XL, Hu JR, Li ZP, Chen YY, Wang Y, Cui ZG, Zhou HJ, Kan B. [Drug resistance and genomic characteristics of a strain of O139 Vibrio cholerae isolated from human bloodstream infection]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:93-100. [PMID: 36854443 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230119-00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the drug resistance and genomic characteristics of a strain of serogroup O139 Vibrio cholerae producing cholera toxin isolated from the bloodstream of a person with bacteremia. Methods: The broth dilution method and automatic drug sensitivity analyzer were used to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of the strain. The complete genome sequence of the strain was obtained by using second-generation gene sequencing and nanopore sequencing. BLAST software was used for comparison and analysis with CARD, Resfinder, ISfinder, VFDB, and other databases. The drug-resistant genes, insertion sequences and virulence genes carried by the strain were identified. MEGA 5.1 software was used to construct a genetic phylogenetic tree based on the core genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results: V. cholerae SH400, as the toxigenic strain, carried multiple virulence-related genes and four virulence islands. The strain was resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole, carrying corresponding drug-resistant genes. The strain also carried IncA/C plasmid with the size of 172914 bp and contained 10 drug-resistant genes. Combined with the genomic evolutionary relationship, this study found that the drug-resistant genes and drug-resistant plasmids carried among strains showed certain aggregation. The traditional ST type of strain SH400 was ST69, and the cgMLST type was a new type highly similar to cgST-252. Conclusion: This strain of serogroup O139 V. cholerae carries the ctxAB gene, multiple drug-resistant genes and IncA/C plasmid, and there are multiple drug-resistant islands.
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Ma L, Zhao T, Chen YY, Jiang H, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Wang Y, Sun YQ, Mo XD, Huang XJ, Jiang Q. [Treatment responses, outcomes, and prognostic factors associated with them in patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:124-131. [PMID: 36948866 PMCID: PMC10033265 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate treatment responses, outcomes, and prognostic factors in adults with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) . Methods: Between January 2008 and February 2021, date of consecutive cases of younger than 65 years of adults with sAML were assessed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics at diagnosis, treatment responses, recurrence, and survival were evaluated. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model were employed to determine significant prognostic indicators for treatment response and survival. Results: 155 patients were recruited, including 38, 46, 57, 14 patients belonging to t-AML, and AML with unexplained cytopenia, post-MDS-AML, and post-MPN-AML, respectively. In the 152 evaluable patients, the rate of MLFS after the initial induction regimen was 47.4%, 57.9%, 54.3%, 40.0%, and 23.1% in the four groups (P=0.076) . The total rate of MLFS after the induction regimen was 63.8%, 73.3%, 69.6%, 58.2%, and 38.5% (P=0.084) , respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that male gender (OR=0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9, P=0.038 and OR=0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8, P=0.015) , SWOG cytogenetic classification into unfavorable or intermediate (OR=0.1, 95% CI 0.1-0.6, P=0.014 and OR=0.1, 95% CI 0.1-0.3, P=0.004) and receiving low-intensity regimen as induction regimen (OR=0.1, 95% CI 0.1-0.3, P=0.003 and OR=0.1, 95%CI 0.1-0.2, P=0.001) were typical adverse factors impacting the first CR and the final CR; PLT<45 × 10(9)/L (OR=0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.9, P=0.038) and LDH ≥258 U/L (OR=0.3, 95%CI 0.1-0.7, P=0.005) were independent factors for CR. Among the 94 patients with achieving MLFS, 46 cases had allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With a median follow-up period of 18.6 months, the probabilities of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) at 3 years were 25.4% and 37.3% in patients with transplantation, and in patients with chemotherapy, the probabilities of RFS and OS at 3-year were 58.2% and 64.3%, respectively. At the time of achieving MLFS, multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥46 years (HR=3.4, 95%CI 1.6-7.2, P=0.002 and HR=2.5, 95%CI 1.1-6.0, P=0.037) , peripheral blasts ≥17.5% at diagnosis (HR=2.5, 95%CI 1.2-4.9, P=0.010 and HR=4.1, 95%CI 1.7-9.7, P=0.002) , monosomal karyotypes (HR=4.9, 95%CI 1.2-19.9, P=0.027 and HR=28.3, 95%CI 4.2-189.5, P=0.001) were typical adverse factors influencing RFS and OS. Furthermore, CR after induction chemotherapy (HR=0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.8, P=0.015) and transplantation (HR=0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.9, P=0.028) were substantially linked to longer RFS. Conclusion: Post-MDS-AML and post-MPN-AML had lower response rates and poorer prognoses than t-AML and AML with unexplained cytopenia. In adults with male gender, low platelet count, high LDH, and SWOG cytogenetic classification into unfavorable or intermediate at diagnosis, and receiving low-intensity regimen as the induction regimen predicted a low response rate. Age ≥46 years, a higher proportion of peripheral blasts and monosomal karyotype had a negative effect on the overall outcome. Transplantation and CR after induction chemotherapy were greatly linked to longer RFS.
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Feng JY, Liang L, Tian PC, Chen YY, Zhang YH, Zhang J. [Research progress of artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiography in the diagnosis and management of heart failure]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2023; 51:80-86. [PMID: 36655247 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220304-00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Inglis SC, Ferguson C, Eddington R, McDonagh J, Aldridge CJ, Bardsley K, Candelaria D, Chen YY, Clark RA, Halcomb E, Hendriks JM, Hickman LD, Wynne R. Cardiovascular Nursing and Climate Change: A Call to Action From the CSANZ Cardiovascular Nursing Council. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:16-25. [PMID: 36464619 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This Call to Action aims to provide key considerations for cardiovascular nursing, related to climate and environmental impacts. Strategies to optimise nursing preparation, immediate response and adaptation to climate emergencies are crucial to ensure those at greatest risk, including First Nations peoples, are protected from potentially avoidable harm. Professionals who manage climate consequences must also understand the impact of their care on the root cause of the problem.
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Huang Y, Zheng ZW, Chen C, Li K, Chen SY, Chen YY, Jing QL, Ma Y, Luo L, Yang ZC, Zhang ZB. [Epidemiological characteristics of two local COVID-19 outbreaks caused by 2019-nCoV Omicron variant in Guangzhou, China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1705-1710. [PMID: 36444451 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220523-00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of two local COVID-19 outbreaks caused by 2019-nCoV Omicron variant in Guangzhou, such as incubation period, serial interval, basic reproductive number (R0) and the influence of gathering places on R0, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of Omicron variant infection. Methods: The data of daily confirmed cases of Omicron variant infection from April 8 to May 8, 2022 in two COVID-19 outbreaks in Guangzhou were collected for model fitting. Weibull, Gamma and lognormal distribution were used to estimate incubation period and serial interval. Exponential growth method and the maximum likelihood estimation were used to estimate R0. Results: The median of incubation period was 2.94 (95%CI: 2.52-3.38) days and median of serial interval was 3.32 (95%CI: 2.89-3.81) days. The estimated R0 in small-size place was 4.40 (95%CI: 3.95-4.85), while the estimated R0 at airport was 11.35 (95%CI: 11.02-11.67). Conclusion: The incubation period of Omicron variant in two local COVID-19 outbreaks in Guangzhou is significantly shorter than that of delta variant. The higher the gathering degree in a place, the larger the R0. Due to its rapid transmission, COVID-19 epidemic is prone to occur. Therefore, the COVID-19 prevention and control strategy should be dynamically adjusted in time.
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Hu Y, Huang Z, Wang Y, Liang H, Pan XJ, Chen YP, Yuan L, Yang SY, Chen JJ, Chen YY, Yan XM, Tao Q, Qin X, Lyu HK. [The surveillance analysis of the adverse events following immunization of the domestic 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in Zhejiang Province]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:1625-1629. [PMID: 36372754 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20211115-01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the safety of the domestic 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine-tetanus toxoid protein (PCV13-TT) after its licensure. The adverse event following immunization (AEFI) and the vaccination data of PCV13-TT in Zhejiang province from July 2020 to October 2021 were collected from national adverse event following immunization surveillance system and Zhejiang provincial immunization information system. Descriptive epidemiological method was used for this analysis. From July 2020 to October 2021, 302 317 doses of PCV13-TT were administered in children under 6 years old in Zhejiang Province and 636 AEFI case reports were received, with a reporting rate of 21.04 per 10 000 doses. Of these AEFI cases, 97.17% were mild vaccine product-related reaction (20.54 per 10 000 doses) and 95.44% occurred in the 0-1 d after vaccination (20.08 per 10 000 doses). The most common clinical diagnoses of AEFI included fever (224 cases), redness (204 cases), and induration (190 cases), while allergic rash (11 cases) was the most common diagnosis among the abnormal reactions. In conclusion,the present results bolstered that the domestic PCV13-TT was generally well tolerated in children under 6 years old in Zhejiang Province.
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Yen YF, Wang CC, Chen YY, Hsu LF, Hung KC, Chen LJ, Ku PW, Chen CC, Lai YJ. Leisure-time physical activity and mortality risk in type 2 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2022; 48:101378. [PMID: 35872122 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Physical activity improves insulin resistance, inhibits inflammation, and decreases the incidence of cardiovascular disease. These are major causes of death in patients with diabetes. METHODS The Taiwan National Health Interview Survey collected baseline characteristics of socioeconomic level, education, marriage, and health behaviour, including leisure time physical activity in 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013. The National Health Insurance research dataset 2000-2016 contained detailed information on medical conditions, including all comorbidities. All-cause and cardiovascular deaths were confirmed by the National Death Registry. RESULTS A total of 4859 adults with type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis; 2389 (49 %) were men and the mean±SD age was 60±13 years. Kaplan-Meier curve of all-cause (log-rank P<0.001) and cardiovascular death (log-rank P=0.038) categorized by leisure-time physical activity showed a significant difference. The multivariable Cox regression model showed that those who had more leisure time physical activity had a significantly lower risk of all-cause death than those with no physical activity (physical activity of 1-800 MET-min/week HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.54-0.81, physical activity of >800 MET-min/week HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.56-0.81). A significant trend was also observed (P <0.001). Similar results were also observed for cardiovascular mortality (physical activity of 1-800 MET-min/week HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.84, physical activity of >800 MET-min/week HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.55-1.13). CONCLUSION For those with diabetes, increased leisure-time physical activity significantly reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death. Further research is warranted to determine the proper prescription for physical activity to prolong healthy life.
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Tan TT, Chen J, Zhang YJ, Chen YY, Zhou Q, Bao MW, Zhu WJ. Transcriptomic profiling reveals connection to lung autonomic nervous system dysfunction and inflammation in pulmonary artery hypertension rats. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.3066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular failure, and premature death. Previous studies showed autonomic nervous system (ANS) such as sympathetic nerve overactivity or impaired parasympathetic activity was implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH. However, PA remodeling and molecular mechanisms involved in ANS in PAH remain unclear.
Purpose
To unravel transcriptional regulation, underlying genes and signaling pathways linking to ANS in PAH.
Methods
Publicly available two RNA sequencing (RNAseq) datasets and one single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data of lung from rats with PAH induced by high-dose monocrotaline (MCT) were downloaded and reprocessed. For RNA-seq data, STAR and RSEM were used for read alignment and gene expression qualification. Differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified using DSEseq2, after which enrichment analyses were implemented by clusterProfiler. scRNAseq data were analyzed using Seurat.
Results
Two RNAseq datasets identified a total of 6,046 and 2,172 DEGs respectively, including 2,945 and 1,228 up-regulated and 3,101 and 944 down-regulated. Overlapped DEGs genes among datasets were 1,123 genes. Functional enrichment analysis of downregulated DEGs in one data pointed out many dysregulated pathways related to nerve system, such as nervous system process, neuron projection, integral component of synaptic membrane in MCT-induced PAH rat (Fig. 1a). Both RNAseq datasets supported upregulated DEGs were also involved in pathways related to ANS including humoral immune response and synapse pruning (P<0.001) (Fig. 1a). Intriguingly, all four genes (Trem2, C1qa, C1qb and C1qc) in synapse pruning were progressively upregulated with severe PAH condition (P<0.05) (Fig. 1b, c). And RT-PCR results confirmed the expression level of these four genes were remarkably increased in PAH rats (P<0.0001) (Fig. 1d). These four genes are known marker genes for macrophages from lung and microglial cell from brain. scRNAseq data of lungs demonstrated these four genes were significantly upregulated in alveolar macrophages from MCT-PAH rats (P<0.001) (Fig. 1e). However, the pathogenic mechanisms of these four genes in nerve fibers from lungs underlying PAH have never been studied and would be further explored using histological analysis in this study.
Conclusions
Integrated bioinformatic analysis indicated the association of lung nervous system with PAH. Further, we identified four genes implicated in nervous system, previously reported to link to immune system and provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying relationship between lung ANS and inflammation in the pathogenesis of PAH. The pathogenetic mechanism of these four genes is being further investigated.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province
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Xi JY, Chen YY, Lin X, Dong H, Liang BH, Zhang YQ, Chen LC, Luo A, Qin PZ, Hao Y. [Health-adjusted life expectancy in residents in Guangzhou, 2010-2019]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1415-1422. [PMID: 36117348 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220207-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2019, and quantize the comprehensive impact of different causes and sequelae on health. Methods: The LE, HALE, and cause-excluded health adjusted life expectancy (CEHALE) were estimated using cause-of-death surveillance datasets from Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2010 to 2019 and open data from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Joinpoint log-linear regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend and described spatial distribution. Results: In 2019, the LE in residents in Guangzhou was 82.9 years (80.1 years in men and 85.9 years in women), and the HALE was 75.6 years (74.0 years in men and 77.3 years in women). Compared with the urban fringe, the central urban area had higher LE and HALE, and the differences between LE and HALE were small. The LE and HALE in Guangzhou showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2019. The LE increased by 2.8 years (AAPC=0.4, 95%CI: 0.3-0.4), with the increase of 2.8 years in men and 2.9 years in women. The HALE increased by 2.4 years (AAPC=0.3, 95%CI: 0.3-0.4), with the increase of 2.5 years in men and 2.2 years in women. The median healthy life lost due to communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases was 6.2 years (AAPC=-4.2, 95%CI: -5.3--3.1), while the median healthy life lost due to non-communicable diseases was 14.7 years (AAPC=1.6, 95%CI: 0.9-2.3), the median healthy life expectancy reduced by injury was 6.3 years (AAPC=-3.5, 95%CI: -4.5--2.6). Musculoskeletal disorders, skin and subcutaneous diseases, cardiovascular diseases, nutritional deficiencies, diabetes and kidney diseases were the top five diseases causing healthy life expectancy loss. Conclusion: The LE and HALE in residents in Guangzhou increased steadily from 2010 to 2019, but the quality of life in the urban fringe was lower than that of the central urban area. Non-communicable diseases were the leading causes of healthy life expectancy loss. Health policies and prevention measures should be developed according to area specific characteristics, and social medical resources should be rationally allocated to key diseases to reduce their disease burden.
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Hung MC, Chen YY. Association between retinitis pigmentosa and an increased risk of primary angle closure glaucoma: A population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274066. [PMID: 36083972 PMCID: PMC9462784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most frequent retinal hereditary dystrophy and result in blindness if progresses. Several case reports have revealed the possible association between RP and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). We conducted a population-based study to explore whether RP significantly increased the risk of PACG development. Methods Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we enrolled patients with RP into the RP group from 2001 to 2013 and included a comparison group of 1:4 age- and sex-matched individuals without RP. We performed a Cox regression analysis to estimate the crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of RP for PACG after adjustment for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, chronic kidney disease, and lens subluxation. Results We enrolled 6223 subjects with RP and 24892 subjects for comparison. The mean age of the cohort was 49.0 ± 18.1 years. The RP group had significantly higher percentages of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia. The cumulative incidence of PACG in patients with RP was 1.61%, which was significantly higher than that in the comparison group (0.81%, p < 0.0001). According to the univariate Cox regression analysis, the hazard of PACG development was significantly greater in the RP group, with an unadjusted HR of 2.09 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64–2.65). The increased risk persisted after adjusting for confounders (adjusted HR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.76–2.72). Conclusion This nationwide population-based cohort study showed that people with RP are at a significantly greater risk of developing PACG than individuals without RP.
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Chen YY, Ross Kunz M, He X, Fushimi R. Recent progress toward catalyst properties, performance, and prediction with data-driven methods. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2022.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sun JH, Zhang XH, Mo XD, Fu HX, Zhang YY, Chen YY, Chen Y, Wang Y, Huang XJ, Xu LP. [Application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for infectious pathogens in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:928-932. [PMID: 35922218 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220212-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the application value of Metagenomic Next-Generation sequencing (mNGS) in infectious patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). Methods: Patients suspected with local or systemic infections were retrospectively included after allo-HSCT in our department from April 2019 to November 2020. Pathogenic microorganisms were tested by mNGS in samples from peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid, alveolar lavage Liquid, abscess, etc. Other diagnostic methods such as bacterial/fungal culture, viral PCR detection were simultaneously explored comparing with mNGS results. Results: A total of 112 samples in 83 patients were detected by mNGS, and 34 pathogenic microorganisms were determined. Among these positive samples, 11 strains of bacteria (17 times) with the most common Escherichia coli (4/17) were reported. There were 7 strains of fungi (10 times) detected with primary Candida albicans (7/29). Although arvovirus 30.2% (39/129) were predominantly detected, its diagnostic relevance with infections was not definite. Other pathogenic viruses including cytomegalovirus (CMV) 25.6% (33/129) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) 14.0% (18/129)were of significance. Comparing with golden diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of mNGS was 86.5%, and specificity was 45.0%. Regarding single pathogen infection, the consistency of mNGS and conventional methods was 82.9% (29/35), while it was 16/17 in combination infections. Conclusion: mNGS could be a potential method to determine pathogens in patients suspected with infections after allo-HSCT.
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Chen YY, Xu ZY. [Rethinking about the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 58:401-404. [PMID: 35692020 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220330-00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV) is now categorized as a subtype of neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (nAMD), though the ocular manifestation and prognosis of PCV patients are quite distinct from nAMD. Due to its high prevalence in Asian population, retina specialists have implemented multiple randomized control trials (RCT) in recent years, aiming at providing grade 1 clinical evidence for current therapies and exploring efficient and affordable regimens for long-term management of PCV. Here we summarised current problems existed in available RCTs and prognostic biomarkers, and presented our thoughts based on previous clinical experiences which may be helpful for clinical management of PCV.
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Lo TC, Chen YY, Chen HH. Risk of inflammatory bowel disease in uveitis patients: a population-based cohort study. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:1288-1293. [PMID: 34155367 PMCID: PMC9151650 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential association between uveitis and an increased risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study by interrogating data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database entered between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2013 to identify uveitis patients and age- and gender-matched controls. The cumulative incidence rates of subsequent IBD in the two groups were compared. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of IBD related to uveitis was generated by a multivariate cox regression model after adjustment for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking. Furthermore, the HRs of the Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) IBD subtypes were calculated separately. RESULTS A total of 198,923 subjects with uveitis and 397,846 controls were enroled. The mean age of the cohort was 47.7 ± 18.9 years. A significantly higher cumulative incidence of IBD was found in the uveitis group than in controls (4.13% vs. 1.48%, p < 0.0001). Under univariate cox regression analysis, uveitis patients had a significantly higher risk of IBD (HR = 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43-1.52, p < 0.0001). The association remained significant in the multivariate regression model, with an adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.39-1.49, p < 0.0001). Moreover, in subgroup analysis, uveitis was significantly associated with an increased risk of Crohn's disease (adjusted HR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.44-1.54), but not with ulcerative colitis (adjusted HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.92-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Patients with uveitis are at significantly greater risk of developing IBD than individuals without uveitis.
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Hui YC, Wang JP, He SY, Xing XY, Wang X, Zhao F, Qian X, Li H, Gong QH, An YL, Chen YY, Li GW. [The relationship between insulin resistance and risk of long-term mortality in people without diabetes: a 30-year follow-up of the Daqing Diabetes Study]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:659-663. [PMID: 35673746 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220206-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether insulin resistance is associated with all-cause mortality in subjects without diabetes. Methods: A total of 505 participants without diabetes, 198 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 307 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), were recruited from the Daqing Diabetes Study. The participants were followed up for 30 years. They were stratified into three groups (tertiles) according to baseline homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) levels, as the HOMA-IR 0, the HOMA-IR 1 and the HOMA-IR 2 groups, to assess the predictive effect of insulin resistance on risk of all-cause mortality. Results: During the 30-year follow-up, 52, 56 and 78 participants died across the three HOMA-IR groups, respectively. The corresponding mortality per 1 000 person-years (95%CI) were 12.12 (9.56-15.01), 13.10 (10.46-16.03) and 19.91 (16.73-23.15), respectively. Participants in the HOMA-IR 2 group had a significantly higher risk of death than those in the HOMA-IR 0 group after adjustment of age, sex and smoking status (HR=1.97,95%CI 1.38-2.81, P<0.001). Cox analyses showed that a one standard deviation increase in HOMA-IR was associated with a 22% increase in the mortality after adjustment of potential confounders (HR=1.22, 95%CI 1.08-1.39, P=0.002). Conclusions: Insulin resistance is associated with increased risk of all-cause death in Chinese people without diabetes, suggesting that improving insulin resistance could be beneficial for people without diabetic in reducing risk of long-term all-cause mortality.
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Li FM, Xie SY, Jiang ZX, Bao SY, Ren YF, Chen YY. [Burden of disease and risk factors among children under 5 years in China from 1990 to 2019: a perspective of international comparison]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:619-625. [PMID: 35644977 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210517-00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, the standardized mortality rate and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of children under 5 years old were selected as evaluation indicators to compare and analyze the current situation and differences of disease burden of children under 5 years old between China and other regions from 1990 to 2019. The change trend and difference of disease burden of children under 5 years old in China were analyzed by sexes. From 1990 to 2019, the all-cause standardized mortality rate of children under 5 years old in China decreased from 1 153.81/100 000 to 160.39/100 000, and the all-cause standardized DALY rate decreased from 104 426.40/100 000 to 16 479.01/100 000. In 2019, neonatal preterm birth, congenital heart anomalies and lower respiratory infections ranked the top three disease burden of children under 5 years old in China. Except that the disease burden of neonatal preterm birth was lower than that in North America, they were much higher than that in Western Europe and North America in the same period. The burden of unintentional injury diseases, including pulmonary aspiration and foreign body in airway and drowning, was higher than that in Western Europe and North America. The standardized mortality and DALY rate of the top ten diseases and injuries in boys and girls under 5 years old in China showed a downward trend (P<0.05), and most of them were higher in boys than girls (P<0.05). From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of children under 5 years old in China decreased significantly. However, compared other regions, it is still necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of neonatal premature birth, birth defects and unintentional injuries, and take different sex-specific interventions to improve the overall health of children.
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Chan SY, Lai YJ, Chen YY, Chiang SJ, Tsai YF, Hsu LF, Chuang PH, Chen CC, Yen YF. End-of-life discussions reduce the utilization of life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life in cancer patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7477. [PMID: 35523935 PMCID: PMC9076633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies to examine the impact of end-of-life (EOL) discussions on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments near death are limited and have inconsistent findings. This nationwide population-based cohort study determined the impact of EOL discussions on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments in the last three months of life in Taiwanese cancer patients. From 2012 to 2018, this cohort study included adult cancer patients, which were confirmed by pathohistological reports. Life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intubation, and defibrillation. EOL discussions in cancer patients were confirmed by their medical records. Association of EOL discussions with utilization of life-sustaining treatments were assessed using multiple logistic regression. Of 381,207 patients, the mean age was 70.5 years and 19.4% of the subjects received life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life. After adjusting for other covariates, those who underwent EOL discussions were less likely to receive life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life compared to those who did not (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85–0.89). Considering the type of treatments, EOL discussions correlated with a lower likelihood of receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.43–0.47), endotracheal intubation (AOR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.90–0.95), and defibrillation (AOR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.49–0.59). Since EOL discussions are associated with less aggressive care, our study supports the importance of providing these discussions to cancer patients during the EOL treatment.
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Xie LX, Zhong Y, Chen YY, Zhou GY, Yang C. Effective adsorption of antimony (V) from contaminated water by a novel composite manganese oxide/oxyhydroxide as an adsorbent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:2463-2478. [PMID: 35576248 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To obtain an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for the Sb(V) removal in Sb(V)-contaminated water, a novel composite manganese oxide/oxyhydroxide (CMO) was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized via scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The results revealed that the as-prepared CMO adsorbent possessed a porous structure consisting of Mn3O4 nanoparticles and MnOOH nanorods. Batch experiments showed that the adsorption behaviours were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, reaching the maximum adsorption capacity of 119.63 mg/g at 25 °C. The application of CMO adsorbent showed that the Sb(V) removal efficiency in 6.24 L Sb(V)-containing water with a concentration of 3.6 mg/L was more than 90%. The reusability of CMO adsorbent demonstrated that the Sb(V) removal efficiency was still more than 80% even after five times of regeneration. The adsorption mechanism for Sb(V) can be described as ligand exchange between hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent surface and hydroxyl groups in Sb(OH)6- molecules by forming inner-sphere complexes. Those results suggested that the CMO adsorbent can be considered as a potential adsorbent to remove Sb(V) from contaminated water.
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Xiao Y, Zhong CH, Wei FH, Dai LF, Yang JJ, Chen YY. [Epidemiological trends for human schistosomiasis prevalence in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018 based on Joinpoint regression analysis]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2022; 34:122-127. [PMID: 35537833 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the trends of human schistosomiasis prevalence in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the schistosomiasis elimination strategy in the province. METHODS All data pertaining to human schistosomiasis prevalence in Hubei Province were collected from 2004 to 2018, and the trends for changes in seroprevalence, egg-positive rate and prevalence of human Schistosoma japonicum infection were analyzed using a Joinpoint regression model. RESULTS Both of the numbers of residents seropositive and egg-positive for S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018, and the prevalence of human S. japonicum infections reduced from 6.85% in 2004 to 0 in 2018. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the prevalence of human S. japonicum infections appeared an overall tendency towards a reduction in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018 [average annual percent change (AAPC) = -24.1%, P < 0.01], and the trends for the reduction were both significant during the period from 2004 to 2006 [annual percent change (APC) = -35.1%, P < 0.01] and from 2006 to 2018 (APC = -22.1%, P < 0.01). The prevalence of human S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline in islet (AAPC = -25.1%, P < 0.01), inner embankment (AAPC = -26.4%, P < 0.01) and hilly subtypes of schistosomiasis-endemic areas (AAPC = -32.5%, P < 0.01) of Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018, and the prevalence all appeared a tendency towards a decline during the infection control stage (from 2004 to 2008), the transmission control stage (from 2009 to 2013) and the transmission interruption stage (from 2014 to 2018) (AAPC = -28.0%, -24.4% and -63.8%, all P values < 0.01). The seroprevalence of human S. japonicum infections appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018 (AAPC = -14.5%, P < 0.01), and the trends for the reduction were both significant during the period from 2004 to 2012 (APC = -8.4%, P < 0.01) and from 2012 to 2018 (APC = -22.1%, P < 0.01). In addition, the egg-positive rate of human S. japonicum infections appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018 (AAPC = -30.6%, P < 0.05), and the trend for the reduction was significant during the period from 2007 to 2014 (APC = -15.5%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of human schistosomiasis appeared a tendency towards a decline in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018, and the islet and inner embankment subtypes of endemic areas are a high priority for schistosomiasis control during the stage moving towards elimination in Hubei Province.
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Ostace A, Chen YY, Parker R, Mebane DS, Okoli CO, Lee A, Tong A, Fan LS, Biegler LT, Burgard AP, Miller DC, Bhattacharyya D. Kinetic model development and Bayesian uncertainty quantification for the complete reduction of Fe-based oxygen carriers with CH4, CO, and H2 for chemical looping combustion. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chan SY, Lai YJ, Ko MC, Chen YY, Tsai YF, Hsu LF, Ku PW, Chen LJ, Chuang PH, Chen CC, Yen YF. Is there lower utilisation of hospice care services during end-of-life care for people living with HIV? A population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058231. [PMID: 35288396 PMCID: PMC8921921 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hospice care could improve the quality of life among advanced HIV patients during end-of-life (EOL) treatment. However, providing hospice care services for people living with HIV (PLWH) is challenging due to HIV-related stigma. This nationwide cohort study aims to determine the utilisation of hospice care services among PLWH and HIV-negative individuals during EOL treatment. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING From 2000 to 2018, we identified adult PLWH from the Taiwan centres for disease control HIV Surveillance System. Individuals who had positive HIV-1 western blots were regarded as HIV-infected. Age-matched and sex-matched controls without HIV infection were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for comparison. All PLWH and controls were followed until death or 31 December 2018. PARTICIPANTS 32 647 PLWH and 326 470 HIV-negative controls were analysed. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Utilisation of hospice care services during the last year of life among PLWH and HIV-negative individuals. RESULTS A total of 20 413 subjects died during the 3 434 699 person-years of follow-up. Of the deceased patients, 2139 (10.5%) utilised hospice care services during their last year of life, including 328 (5.76%) PLWH and 1811 (12.30%) controls. Adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, PLWH were less likely to receive hospice care services during the last year of life, compared with HIV-negative individuals (adjusted OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.75). CONCLUSIONS PLWH had significantly lower utilisation of hospice care services during the last year of life. Our results suggest that future hospice care programmes should particularly target PLWH to increase the optimal utilisation of hospice care services during EOL treatment.
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Hwang S, Pottimurthy Y, Chen YY, Xu D, Falascino E, Tong A, Fan LS. Characteristics of Gas–Solid Mixture Flows through a Packed Moving Bed of Coarse Particles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tsai MS, Chen YY, Chen WC, Chen MF. Streptococcus mutans promotes tumor progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2022; 13:3358-3367. [PMID: 36186905 PMCID: PMC9516012 DOI: 10.7150/jca.73310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Chen H, Li DH, Du H, Chen YY, Luo Y. [A case of microvascular anomalies in myopic retinoschisis]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021; 57:944-945. [PMID: 34865454 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20210731-00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is a case found during routine reexamination one year after implantable Collamer lens (ICL) implantation. The patient had no complaints. The naked eye visual acuity of the left eye was 1.0, and abnormal blood vessels were seen in the supranasal retina. After fluorescein fundus angiography and sweep source OCTA, it was finally diagnosed as retinoschisis with microvascular anomalies of the left eye. This case suggests that the fundus of patients with high myopia without complaint should also be examined in detail and comprehensively. In addition to paying attention to peripheral retinopathy, the posterior pole and middle peripheral retina should be carefully examined, especially the areas that cannot be covered by conventional OCT.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 944-945).
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Wang CC, Chen YY, Hung KC, Wu SJ, Yen YF, Chen CC, Lai YJ. Association between teeth loss and nasogastric tube feeding dependency in older adults from Taiwan: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:640. [PMID: 34772343 PMCID: PMC8588643 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To examine the association between teeth loss and nasogastric tube feeding dependency in older people. Methods The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2005, 2009, and 2013 in Taiwan. Participants were selected by a multistage stratified sampling method and baseline characteristics, including socioeconomic status and health habits, were obtained by well-trained interviewers. The NHIS was linked with the National Health Insurance research database 2000–2016 and the National Deaths Dataset, which contains all the medical information of ambulatory and inpatient care. Cox regression was used to examine the association between the number of teeth lost and nasogastric tube feeding dependency. Results There were 6165 adults older than 65 years old enrolled in the analysis, with 2959 male (48%) and the mean (SD) age was 73.95(6.46) years old. The mean follow-up duration was 6.5(3.3) years. Regarding the teeth loss categories, 1660 (26.93%), 2123 (34.44%), and 2382 (38.64%) of participants were categorized as having no teeth loss, loss of 1–9 teeth, and loss of 10–28 teeth, respectively. During 39,962 person-years of follow-up, new-onset nasogastric feeding dependency was recognized in 220(13.25%), 256(12.06%), and 461(19.35%) participants who were categorized as having no teeth loss, loss of 1–9 teeth, and loss of 10–28 teeth, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significant findings (Log-rank P < 0.01). After potential confounders were adjusted, compared with those without teeth loss, older adults who had lost 10–28 teeth had significantly increased risks of occurrence nasogastric feeding dependency (AHR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05–1.62; p-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant dose-response relation between the number of teeth lost and increased risk of nasogastric feeding was found (p for trend< 0.01). Conclusions Older adults who had lost 10–28 teeth had a significantly increased risk of nasogastric tube feeding dependency. Early identification of the oral disease is crucial for the prevention of the occurrence of teeth loss and the following nutrition problems, which would reduce risk of nasogastric tube feeding dependency.
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