101
|
Lo Presti D, Bonanno DL, Longhitano F, Bongiovanni DG, Russo GV, Leonora E, Randazzo N, Reito S, Sipala V, Gallo G. Design and characterisation of a real time proton and carbon ion radiography system based on scintillating optical fibres. Phys Med 2016; 32:1124-34. [PMID: 27575280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the design and characterization of a charged particle imaging system composed of a position sensitive detector and residual range detector. The position detector consists of two identical overlying and orthogonal planes each of which consists of two layers of pre-aligned and juxtaposed scintillating fibres. The 500μm square section fibres are optically coupled to two Silicon Photomultiplier arrays using a channel reduction system patented by the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. The residual range detector consists of sixty parallel layers of the same fibres used in the position detector each of which is optically coupled to a Silicon Photomultiplier array by wavelength shifting fibres. The sensitive area of the two detectors is 9×9cm(2). Characterising the position sensitive and the residual range detectors to reconstruct the radiography, is fundamental to validating the detectors' designs. The proton radiography of a calibrated target in imaging conditions is presented. The spatial resolution of the position sensitive detector is about 150μm and the range resolution is about 170μm. The performance of the prototypes were tested at CATANA proton therapy facility (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN, Catania) with energy up to 58MeV and rate of about 10(6) particles per second. The comparison between the simulations and measurements confirms the validity of this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Lo Presti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy.
| | - D L Bonanno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - F Longhitano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - D G Bongiovanni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - G V Russo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Italy
| | - E Leonora
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - N Randazzo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - S Reito
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| | - V Sipala
- University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Cagliari, Italy
| | - G Gallo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Gallo G, Podzemny V, Pescatori M. Authors' reply to the letter of De Nardi and Giamundo. Tech Coloproctol 2016; 20:729-30. [PMID: 27545289 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-016-1515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Gallo
- Department of General Surgery, Magna Grecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - V Podzemny
- Coloproctology Unit, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pescatori
- Coloproctology Unit, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Gallo G, Podzemny V, Pescatori M. Intestinal obstruction requiring fecal diversion due to rectal hematoma following a hemorrhoid laser procedure (HeLP). Tech Coloproctol 2016; 20:507-8. [PMID: 27189441 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-016-1485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Gallo
- Department of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Europa Road, 88100, Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - V Podzemny
- Coloproctology Unit, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pescatori
- Coloproctology Unit, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Gallo G, Brock F, Kerkmann U, Kola B, Huizinga TWJ. Efficacy of etanercept in combination with methotrexate in moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis is not dependent on methotrexate dosage. RMD Open 2016; 2:e000186. [PMID: 27175292 PMCID: PMC4860865 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the impact of methotrexate (MTX) dosage on clinical, functional and quality of life outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from two previous etanercept (ETN) trials after 24 months of treatment. Methods Patients with active RA in the ETN+MTX combination treatment arms of the Trial of Etanercept and Methotrexate with Radiographic Patient Outcomes (TEMPO) and COmbination of Methotrexate and ETanercept in Active Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (COMET) studies were pooled in this post hoc analysis and stratified by MTX dosage at 24 months, having MTX monotherapy groups as control: low dose, <10.0 mg/week; medium dose, 10.0–17.5 mg/week; and high dose, >17.5 mg/week. Data from these patient subgroups were included in descriptive summaries of demographic and disease characteristics at baseline. The following outcomes at 24 months were also evaluated for each subgroup: Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) low disease activity (LDA) and remission; American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50% and 70% improvement criteria (ACR20, 50 and 70) responses; and changes from baseline in DAS28, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disease Index (HAQ-DI) and EuroQol 5-dimensions visual analogue scale (EQ-5D VAS). Results Baseline demographics were similar between the low, medium and high MTX dose groups in the ETN+MTX combination and MTX monotherapy arms, with the exception of disease duration (ETN+MTX low 5.5; medium 5.1; high 0.8 years vs MTX low 8.3; medium 4.7; high 0.8 years). Responses to ETN+MTX combination therapy at 24 months were consistently high across MTX dosage groups, with very similar rates of DAS28 LDA/remission and ACR20/50/70. Improvements in DAS28, HAQ-DI and EQ-5D VAS were also not dependent on MTX dosage in the combination treatment arm. Conclusions Patients with RA in the TEMPO and COMET trials who received ETN+MTX showed similar efficacy outcomes at 24 months, regardless of MTX dosage. Trial registration numbers NCT00195494 (COMET) and NCT00393471 (TEMPO).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gallo
- Pfizer Europe , Rome , Italy
| | - F Brock
- Statistical Consultancy, Quanticate Ltd. , Hitchin , UK
| | | | - B Kola
- Pfizer Europe , Rome , Italy
| | - T W J Huizinga
- Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Manna R, Cirrone G, Cuttone G, Romano F, Scuderi V, Amico A, Candiano G, Larosa G, Leanza R, Marchese V, Milluzzo G, Petringa G, Pipek J, Schillaci F, Amato N, Gallo G, Allegra L. Study on the dosimetry of laser accelerated beams for future clinical applications. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
106
|
Gallo G, Augusto G, Rangel G, Zelanis A, Mori MA, Campos CB, Würtele M. Structural basis for dimer formation of the CRISPR-associated protein Csm2 of Thermotoga maritima. FEBS J 2016; 283:694-703. [PMID: 26663887 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and the Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins form an adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaea that evolved as an RNA-guided interference mechanism to target and degrade foreign genetic elements. In the so-called type IIIA CRISPR-Cas systems, Cas proteins from the Csm family form a complex of RNPs that are involved in surveillance and targeting tasks. In the present study, we report the crystal structure of Thermotoga maritima Csm2. This protein is considered to assemble into the helically shaped Csm RNP complex in a site opposite to the CRISPR RNA binding backbone. Csm2 was solved via cadmium single wavelength anomalous diffraction phasing at 2.4 Å resolution. The structure reveals that Csm2 is composed of a large 42 amino-acid long α-helix flanked by three shorter α-helices. The structure also shows that the protein is capable of forming dimers mainly via an extensive contact surface conferred by its long α-helix. This interaction is further stabilized by the N-terminal helix, which is inserted into the C-terminal helical portion of the adjacent subunit. The dimerization of Csm2 was additionally confirmed by size exclusion chromatography of the pure recombinant protein followed by MS analysis of the eluted fractions. Because of its role in the assembly and functioning of the Csm CRISPR RNP complex, the crystal structure of Csm2 is of great importance for clarifying the mechanism of action of the subtype IIIA CRISPR-Cas system, as well as the similarities and diversities between the different CRISPR-Cas system. DATABASE The structure of Thermotoga maritima Csm2 has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession code 5AN6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gallo
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Gilles Augusto
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Giulliana Rangel
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - André Zelanis
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil.,Applied Toxinology Laboratory - LETA and Center of Toxins, Immune-response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia B Campos
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Martin Würtele
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Fautrel B, Nab HW, Brault Y, Gallo G. Identifying patients with rheumatoid arthritis with moderate disease activity at risk of significant radiographic progression despite methotrexate treatment. RMD Open 2015; 1:e000018. [PMID: 26509051 PMCID: PMC4613151 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2014-000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the baseline factors predictive of significant radiographic progression (SRP) in patients with moderately active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) despite receiving methotrexate (MTX). Methods Patients from the MTX arm of the Trial of Etanercept and Methotrexate with Radiographic Patient Outcomes (TEMPO) trial with sustained moderate RA (defined as ≥3.2 mean disease activity score in 28 joints ≤5.1 during the last 6 months of the first year) were analysed for SRP (mTSS >3.0 overall) after 2 and 3 years. Baseline predictors for SRP were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. All variables shown to be significantly associated with SRP were categorised based on clinically relevant cut-offs and tertiles and were included in a matrix risk model. Results 228 patients were assigned MTX treatment, 210 patients were in the radiographic intention-to-treat population, and 96 of these had sustained moderate RA. SRP occurred in 25 (26%) and 33 (34%) patients after 2 and 3 years of MTX treatment, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses found that C reactive protein (CRP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity at baseline were predictive of SRP after 2 and 3 years (p<0.05 for all). The matrix risk model showed that RF positivity and CRP levels >40 mg/L at baseline were significantly associated with SRP after 2 (p<0.05 for both; R2=0.24) and 3 years (p<0.05 for both; R2=0.22). The baseline erosion score was not found to be predictive of SRP. Conclusions Patients with sustained moderate RA despite receiving MTX treatment are at risk of SRP, with both RF positivity and high CRP levels shown to be predictive of this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Fautrel
- UPMC-GRC 08 (EEMOIS) , Paris , France ; AP-HP, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Dept of Rheumatology , Paris , France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
108
|
Gallo G, Augusto G, Rangel G, Zelanis A, Mori MA, Barbosa Campos C, Würtele M. Purification, crystallization, crystallographic analysis and phasing of the CRISPR-associated protein Csm2 from Thermotoga maritima. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1223-7. [PMID: 26457510 PMCID: PMC4601583 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15014776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) system consists of an intriguing machinery of proteins that confer bacteria and archaea with immunity against phages and plasmids via an RNA-guided interference mechanism. Here, the cloning, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of Csm2 from Thermotoga maritima are reported. Csm2 is thought to be a component of an important protein complex of the type IIIA CRISPR-Cas system, which is involved in the CRISPR-Cas RNA-guided interference pathway. The structure of Csm2 was solved via cadmium single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (Cd-SAD) phasing. Owing to its involvement in the CRISPR-Cas system, the crystal structure of this protein could be of importance in elucidating the mechanism of type IIIA CRISPR-Cas systems in bacteria and archaea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gallo
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Gilles Augusto
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Giulliana Rangel
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - André Zelanis
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A. Mori
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, 04023-062 São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Barbosa Campos
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Martin Würtele
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Veronese S, Gallo G, Valle A, Cugno C, Chiò A, Calvo A, Cavalla P, Zibetti M, Rivoiro C, Oliver DJ. Specialist palliative care improves the quality of life in advanced neurodegenerative disorders: NE-PAL, a pilot randomised controlled study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015; 7:164-172. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
110
|
Veronese S, Gallo G, Valle A, Cugno C, Chiò A, Calvo A, Rivoiro C, Oliver DJ. The palliative care needs of people severely affected by neurodegenerative disorders: A qualitative study. Progress in Palliative Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1179/1743291x15y.0000000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
111
|
Gisondi P, Girolomoni G, de Vlam K, Al Hammadi A, Carneiro S, Hsu MA, Szumski A, Jones H, Gallo G, Chhabra A. AB0821 Baseline Characteristics of Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriatic Arthritis: Post-Hoc Analysis of Responders vs Non-Responders to Etanercept. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
112
|
Adam S, Akroyd R, Bernabei S, Bollhalder S, Boocock S, Burlina A, Coote T, Corthouts K, Dalmau J, Dawson S, Defourny S, De Meyer A, Desloovere A, Devlin Y, Diels M, Dokoupil K, Donald S, Evans S, Fasan I, Ferguson C, Ford S, Forga M, Gallo G, Grünert SC, Heddrich-Ellerbrok M, Heidenborg C, Jonkers C, Lefebure K, Luyten K, MacDonald A, Meyer U, Micciche A, Müller E, Portnoi P, Ripley S, Robert M, Robertson LV, Rosenbaum-Fabian S, Sahm K, Schultz S, Singleton K, Sjöqvist E, Stoelen L, Terry A, Thompson S, Timmer C, Vande Kerckhove K, van der Ploeg L, Van Driessche M, van Rijn M, van Teeffelen-Heithoff A, Vitoria I, Voillot C, Wenz J, Westbrook M, Wildgoose J, Zweers H. How strict is galactose restriction in adults with galactosaemia? International practice. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 115:23-6. [PMID: 25873073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary management of 418 adult patients with galactosaemia (from 39 centres/12 countries) was compared. All centres advised lactose restriction, 6 restricted galactose from galactosides ± fruits and vegetables and 12 offal. 38% (n=15) relaxed diet by: 1) allowing traces of lactose in manufactured foods (n=13) or 2) giving fruits, vegetables and galactosides (n=2). Only 15% (n=6) calculated dietary galactose. 32% of patients were lost to dietetic follow-up. In adult galactosaemia, there is limited diet relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Adam
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Akroyd
- National Metabolic Service, Starship Children's Health and Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Bernabei
- Ospedale pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - S Boocock
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - T Coote
- National Metabolic Service, Starship Children's Health and Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Corthouts
- University Hospitals Leuven, Center of Metabolic Diseases, Belgium
| | | | - S Dawson
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children Edinburgh, UK
| | - S Defourny
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, Reine fabiola, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - A De Meyer
- Center of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Y Devlin
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Newcastle, UK
| | - M Diels
- University Hospitals Leuven, Center of Metabolic Diseases, Belgium
| | - K Dokoupil
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - S Evans
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Fasan
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | | | - S Ford
- North Bristol NHS Trust Southmead and Frenchay, UK
| | - M Forga
- Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Gallo
- Ospedale pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - S C Grünert
- University Children's Hospital Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - C Heidenborg
- Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Jonkers
- Academic Medical Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K Lefebure
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Luyten
- Center of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - A MacDonald
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
| | - U Meyer
- Clinic of Paediatric Kidney, Liver- and Metabolic Diseases Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | | | - E Müller
- Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - M Robert
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, Reine fabiola, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - L V Robertson
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - K Sahm
- Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Schultz
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - E Sjöqvist
- Children's Hospital, University Hospital Skåne, Sweden
| | - L Stoelen
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - A Terry
- Alderhey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Thompson
- Children's Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - M van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - J Wenz
- CHU Bicëtre Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
113
|
Grasselli E, Cortese K, Fabbri R, Smerilli A, Vergani L, Voci A, Gallo G, Canesi L. Thyromimetic actions of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in steatotic FaO rat hepatoma cells. Chemosphere 2014; 112:511-518. [PMID: 25048947 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (2,2-bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl propane-TBBPA) is the most produced brominated flame retardant, detected in the environment and in biological samples. TBBPA shares structural similarities with thyroid hormones (THs), and it has been shown to interfere with different aspects of TH physiology, this raising concern on its possible effects as an endocrine disruptor in humans and wildlife. THs play a major role in lipid metabolism, with the liver representing one of their main target tissues. At the cellular level, THs act through interactions with TH receptors (TRs), as well as through TR-independent mechanisms. Rat hepatoma FaO cells (a liver cell line defective for functional TRs) overloaded with lipids have been utilized as a model to investigate the anti-steatotic effects of THs in the hepatocyte. In this work, the possible effects of TBBPA in steatotic FaO cells were investigated. Exposure to TBBPA for 24 h reduced triglyceride (TAG) content and the size of lipid droplets (LDs); similar effects were obtained with equimolar doses (10(-6) M) of T3 (3,3',5-L-triiodothyronine). TBBPA and T3 showed common effects on transcription of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. In particular, TBBPA mainly up-regulated mRNA levels for LD-associated oxidative tissue-enriched PAT protein (OXPAT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoform β/δ, and the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). The results demonstrate that TBBPA can decrease lipid accumulation in steatotic cells through stimulation of oxidative pathways. These data identify novel thyromimetic actions of TBBPA at the cellular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Grasselli
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.
| | - K Cortese
- DIMES, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, Italy
| | - R Fabbri
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - A Smerilli
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - L Vergani
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
| | - A Voci
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - G Gallo
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - L Canesi
- DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; INBB, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Salerno D, Raiola G, Francica I, Galati MC, Talarico V, Aloe M, Spagnolo S, Barreca M, Gallo G, Tucci L. A case of spontaneous gastric rupture in a 5 years girl. Pediatr Med Chir 2014; 36:10. [PMID: 25573645 DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2014.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of spontaneous gastric rupture in a child of 5 years old. The patient reached us in a serious condition; the anamnesis was negative for traumatic events or gastrointestinal disorders. An abdominal X-ray and CT scan revealed free air and fluid in the abdominal cavity, leading to the diagnosis of gastro-intestinal perforation. Submitted to urgent surgery, a rupture of the posterior wall of the stomach was found that was treated with gastrectomy "à la demande". The surgery follow-up was regular. Morphological and immunohistochemical study showed some muscular abnormalities of the muscular gastric wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Salerno
- UOC di Chirurgia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliera "Pugliese-Ciaccio", Catanzaro.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
115
|
Peroni DG, Moser S, Gallo G, Pigozzi R, Tenero L, Zanoni L, Boner AL, Piacentini GL. Ambroxol inhibits neutrophil respiratory burst activated by alpha chain integrin adhesion. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2014; 26:883-7. [PMID: 24355223 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible anti-oxidant effect(s) of Ambroxol on neutrophils activated by ligand-binding of the drug with membrane-associated adhesion integrin CD11a and to estimate dose-response changes in oxygen free radical production. The amount of free radical production by anti-CD11a- and anti-CD4-coated neutrophils stimulated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and challenged with increasing concentration of Ambroxol, was evaluated within a time frame of 90 minutes. A significant dose-dependent effect response of Ambroxol on O2‾ production by cells coated with anti-CD11a antibody was observed. This preliminary study opens a new perspective on the therapeutic role of Ambroxol as an antioxidant drug and for its potential use in controlling oxidative stress, particularly in leukocyte-dependent inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D G Peroni
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Moser
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Gallo
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - R Pigozzi
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - L Tenero
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - L Zanoni
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A L Boner
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G L Piacentini
- Paediatric Section, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Ortonne J, Paul C, Berardesca E, Marino V, Gallo G, Brault Y, Germain J. A 24-week randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of two doses of etanercept in nail psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2013; 168:1080-7. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
117
|
Balbi T, Ciacci C, Fabbri R, Gallo G, Canesi L. In vitro effects of combined exposure to n-TiO2 and Cd 2+ in mussel cells. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
118
|
Pellegrino M, Brizio P, Gallina S, Tarasco R, Gavinelli S, Palmegiano P, Fioravanti F, Benedetto A, Squadrone S, Gallo G, Abete M. EXPORT OF CHEESE IN RUSSIA: THE ROLE OF IZSPLV. Ital J Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2012.4.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
119
|
Viol MA, Lima VMF, Aquino MCC, Gallo G, Alves IP, Generoso D, Perri SHV, Lucheis SB, Langoni H, Nunes CM, Bresciani KDS. Detection of cross infections by Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in dogs using indirect immunoenzyme assay, indirect fluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:1607-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
120
|
Scaffaro R, Botta L, Sanfilippo M, Gallo G, Palazzolo G, Puglia AM. Combining in the melt physical and biological properties of poly(caprolactone) and chlorhexidine to obtain antimicrobial surgical monofilaments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:99-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
121
|
Buxbaum JN, Tagoe C, Gallo G, Walker JR, Kurian S, Salomon DR. Why are some amyloidoses systemic? Does hepatic "chaperoning at a distance" prevent cardiac deposition in a transgenic model of human senile systemic (transthyretin) amyloidosis? FASEB J 2012; 26:2283-93. [PMID: 22362898 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-189571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the human systemic amyloidoses caused by mutant or wild-type transthyretin (TTR), deposition occurs at a distance from the site of synthesis. The TTR synthesized and secreted by the hepatocyte circulates in plasma, then deposits in target tissues far from the producing cell, a pattern reproduced in mice transgenic for multiple copies of the human wild-type TTR gene. By 2 yr of age, half of the transgenic males show cardiac deposition resembling human senile systemic amyloidosis. However, as early as 3 mo of age, when there are no deposits, cardiac gene transcription differs from that of nontransgenic littermates, primarily in the expression of a large number of genes associated with inflammation and the immune response. At 24 mo, the hearts with histologically proven TTR deposits show expression of stress response genes, exuberant mitochondrial gene transcription, and increased expression of genes associated with apoptosis, relative to the hearts without TTR deposition. These 24-mo-old hearts with TTR deposits also show a decrease in transcription of inflammatory genes relative to that in the younger transgenic mice. After 2 yr of expressing large amounts of human TTR, the livers of the transgenic mice without cardiac deposition display chaperone gene expression and evidence of an activated unfolded protein response, while the livers of animals with cardiac TTR deposition display neither, showing increased transcription of interferon-responsive inflammatory genes and those encoding an antioxidant response. With time, in animals with cardiac deposition, it appears that hepatic proteostatic capacity is diminished, exposing the heart to a greater load of misfolded TTR with subsequent extracellular deposition. Hence systemic (cardiac) TTR deposition may be the direct result of the diminution in the distant chaperoning capacity of the liver related to age or long-standing exposure to misfolded TTR, or both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel N Buxbaum
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
122
|
Raccuia S, Gallo G, Melilli M. EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON BIOMASS AND GRAIN YIELDS IN CYNARA CARDUNCULUS VAR. ALTILIS CULTIVATED IN SICILY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2012.942.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
123
|
Ciacci C, Barmo C, Fabbri R, Canonico B, Gallo G, Canesi L. Immunomodulation in Mytilus galloprovincialis by non-toxic doses of hexavalent chromium. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2011; 31:1026-1033. [PMID: 21925273 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic organisms, the immune function can be affected by exposure to environmental pollutants, including heavy metals. In vertebrate systems, different forms of Cr have been shown induce either immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive processes. Hexavalent Cr, Cr(VI), is an important contaminant released from both domestic and industrial effluents, and the predominant chemical form of the metal in aquatic ecosystems. In this work, the in vitro and in vivo effects of Cr(VI) on immune parameters of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis were evaluated. Hemocyte incubation with different concentrations of Cr(VI) (0.1-1-10-100 μM) induced a dose-dependent decrease in lysosomal membrane stability (LMS). Decreases in extracellular lysozyme release and phagocytic activity were also observed, with stronger effects at lower metal concentrations. On the other hand, in these conditions, Cr(VI) stimulated extracellular superoxide production and nitrite accumulation. The effects of Cr(VI) were also evaluated in mussels exposed to the metal (0.1-1-10 μg L(-1), corresponding to nanomolar concentrations) for 96 h. Decreases in hemocyte LMS values and in serum lysozyme activity were observed with increasing metal concentrations. Decreased phagocytic activity and increased NO production were recorded, with stronger effects at lower concentrations. In these conditions, decreased Total Hemocyte Counts (THC), but no necrotic/apoptotic processes were observed. Moreover, Cr(VI) at both 0.1 and 1 μg L(-1) seemed to induce significant changes in transcription of immune genes (lysozyme, Mytilin C, Myticin B, defensin, MgC1q), of the serotonin receptor (5-HTR) and of the stress protein HSP70, whereas that of the anti-apoptotic gene p53 was unaffected. Overall, the results indicate that exposure to non-toxic, environmentally relevant concentrations of Cr(VI) can modulate functional and molecular immune parameters in M. galloprovincialis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ciacci
- DISUAN, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Uomo, dell'Ambiente e della Natura, Università Carlo Bo di Urbino, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
124
|
Gallo G, Ramos TCP, Tavares F, Rocha AA, Machi E, Schenkman S, Bahia D, Pesquero JB, Würtele M. Biochemical characterization of a protein tyrosine phosphatase from Trypanosoma cruzi involved in metacyclogenesis and cell invasion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 408:427-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
125
|
Canesi L, Fabbri R, Gallo G, Vallotto D, Marcomini A, Pojana G. Biomarkers in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to suspensions of selected nanoparticles (Nano carbon black, C60 fullerene, Nano-TiO2, Nano-SiO2). Aquat Toxicol 2010; 100:168-177. [PMID: 20444507 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The potential for ecological toxicity associated with nanomaterials is a growing area of investigation, in particular in the aquatic environment. In suspension feeding invertebrates, the cellular immune system and digestive gland are likely to be targeted, due to their highly developed processes for the cellular internalisation of nano- and micro-scale particles that are integral to key physiological functions such as cellular immunity and intracellular digestion. We have recently demonstrated that suspensions of selected commercial nanomaterials, namely Nano carbon black (NCB), C60 fullerene (C60), Nano-titanium dioxide (n-TiO2) and Nanosilica (n-SiO2) induce oxyradical production and lysosomal enzyme release in the hemocytes of the marine mussel Mytilus in vitro. In this work the possible effects of in vivo exposure to these NPs were investigated. Mussels were exposed to different concentrations (0.05-0.2-1-5mg/l) of NP suspensions for 24h and different biomarkers were evaluated in hemocytes, digestive gland and gills. Characterisation of NP suspensions in artificial sea water (ASW) was performed, indicating the formation of agglomerates of different sizes in the nano-micromolar range for different types of NPs. Formation of larger agglomerates was observed at the end of exposure. The results show that all NP suspensions induced significant lysosomal membrane destabilisation in both the hemocytes and the digestive gland, with NCB>>C60>n-TiO2, >n-SiO2. In the digestive gland, all NPs induced lysosomal lipofuscin accumulation only at the highest concentrations tested to a different extent depending on the NP type. NCB, TiO2 and SiO2 also induced lysosomal neutral lipid accumulation. Moreover, all NPs increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase, with n-SiO2>NCB≅TiO2>C60; NCB and n-TiO2 also stimulated glutathione transferase (GST). Changes in catalase and GST activities were also observed in gills, with both increases and decreases depending on NP type and concentration. The reported results demonstrate that in mussels responses to exposure to NP suspensions involve changes in lysosomal and oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland, suggesting uptake of NP aggregates/agglomerates mainly through the digestive system. Overall, these data further support the hypothesis that suspension feeding invertebrates represent a significant target for NPs in the aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Canesi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
126
|
Canesi L, Barmo C, Fabbri R, Olivieri S, Gallo G, Boatti L, Dondero F, Viarengo A. Effects of hexavalent chromium in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
127
|
Canesi L, Barmo C, Fabbri R, Vergani L, Gallo G, Ciacci C, Roch P. Effects of Vibrio challenge on digestive gland biomarkers and gene expression in Mytilus galloprovincialis: Bacterial infection as a possible confounding factor in understanding biomarker responses. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
128
|
Grasselli E, Vergani L, Voci A, Gallo G, Canesi L. Testing the ‘obesogen’ hypothesis: Direct effects on of Bisphenol A (BPA) on lipid accumulation in rat hepatocytes. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
129
|
Palomba R, Santoriello I, Costa F, Fabozzi L, Giovannini A, Gallo G. 575 ORAL DULOXETIN IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN: OUR STUDY. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)60578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Palomba
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - I. Santoriello
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - F. Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Fabozzi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Giovannini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - G. Gallo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Kollins KM, Hu J, Bridgman PC, Huang YQ, Gallo G. Myosin-II negatively regulates minor process extension and the temporal development of neuronal polarity. Dev Neurobiol 2009; 69:279-98. [PMID: 19224562 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The earliest stage in the development of neuronal polarity is characterized by extension of undifferentiated "minor processes" (MPs), which subsequently differentiate into the axon and dendrites. We investigated the role of the myosin II motor protein in MP extension using forebrain and hippocampal neuron cultures. Chronic treatment of neurons with the myosin II ATPase inhibitor blebbistatin increased MP length, which was also seen in myosin IIB knockouts. Through live-cell imaging, we demonstrate that myosin II inhibition triggers rapid minor process extension to a maximum length range. Myosin II activity is determined by phosphorylation of its regulatory light chains (rMLC) and mediated by myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) or RhoA-kinase (ROCK). Pharmacological inhibition of MLCK or ROCK increased MP length moderately, with combined inhibition of these kinases resulting in an additive increase in MP length similar to the effect of direct inhibition of myosin II. Selective inhibition of RhoA signaling upstream of ROCK, with cell-permeable C3 transferase, increased both the length and number of MPs. To determine whether myosin II affected development of neuronal polarity, MP differentiation was examined in cultures treated with direct or indirect myosin II inhibitors. Significantly, inhibition of myosin II, MLCK, or ROCK accelerated the development of neuronal polarity. Increased myosin II activity, through constitutively active MLCK or RhoA, decreased both the length and number of MPs and, consequently, delayed or abolished the development of neuronal polarity. Together, these data indicate that myosin II negatively regulates MP extension, and the developmental time course for axonogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Kollins
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
131
|
|
132
|
Kaplan B, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Sikkink L, Golderman S, Dispenzieri A, Livneh A, Gallo G. Free light chains in plasma of patients with light chain amyloidosis and non-amyloid light chain deposition disease. High proportion and heterogeneity of disulfide-linked monoclonal free light chains as pathogenic features of amyloid disease. Br J Haematol 2008; 144:705-15. [PMID: 19076171 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) and non-amyloid light chain deposition disease (NALCDD) are different forms of protein aggregation disorders accompanied by a monoclonal gammopathy. Monoclonal free light chains (FLCs) are precursors of the pathological light chain tissue deposits that are fibrillar in AL and granular in NALCDD. However, direct biochemical examination of plasma FLC precursors, which would allow comparison and better understanding of these two diseases, is still lacking. In this study, we examined FLCs in plasma of patients with AL and NALCDD by employing separation on Sep-PaK C18 cartridges, micro-preparative electrophoresis, Western blotting and mass spectrometry. Comparative analysis of AL versus NALCDD and control plasma samples showed new evidence of increased level and heterogeneity of circulating disulfide-bound FLC species in AL. In addition to full length monomers comprising the disulfide-linked FLCs, the monoclonal disulfide-bound FLC fragments were typically revealed in AL plasma. We hypothesized that enhanced disulfide binding of FLCs in AL interferes with their normal clearance and metabolism, which in turn might play a role in amyloid formation. The applied methods might be useful to diagnose or predict the pathological form of the disease and shed light on the mechanisms involved in light chain aggregation in tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batia Kaplan
- Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Canesi L, Borghi C, Gallo G, Caprì F, Viarengo A, Dondero F. Effects of the organophosphate pesticide Chlorpyriphos on the responses of Mytilus digestive gland to the natural estrogen 17β-Estradiol. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
134
|
Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, Gallo G, Settanni L, Berloco MG, Siragusa S, Parente E, Corsetti A, Gobbetti M. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Lactobacillus rossiae strains isolated from sourdough. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 103:821-35. [PMID: 17897184 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To characterize the genetic and phenotypic diversity of 33 strains of Lactobacillus rossiae. METHODS AND RESULTS Genotypic identification was carried out by partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Genetic diversity was evaluated by RAPD-PCR analysis. Phenotypic diversity was evaluated through fermentative profile by Biolog system, proteinase and peptidase activities using synthetic substrates, and acidification capacity and amino acid profile during sourdough fermentation. The genetic analyses excluded clonal relatedness among the strains used. A large phenotypic diversity was found. It mainly concerned the capacity to use carbon sources available in sourdough during fermentation, the quotient of fermentation and the peptidase activities, especially towards proline containing synthetic substrates. The free amino acid profiles differed either for the total concentration or for the type of amino acids. With a few exceptions, proteinase activity towards wheat albumins and globulins was weak. CONCLUSIONS Overall, no relationships between genetic and physiological analyses were found, and the strains examined showed a marked genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. L. rossiae strains had interesting properties for application in sourdough fermentation. Although some strains combined several technological traits, the association of more strains seemed to be a requisite to get optimal sourdough characteristics. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY It represents the first characterization of the diversity within the L. rossiae species. Besides, it may represent an example of computerized analysis of genotypic and phenotypic information to select strains for improving sourdough characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Di Cagno
- Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante e Microbiologia Applicata, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
135
|
|
136
|
Ciavola G, Gammino S, Barbarino S, Celona L, Consoli F, Gallo G, Maimone F, Mascali D, Passarello S, Galatà A, Tinschert K, Spaedtke P, Lang R, Maeder J, Rossbach J, Koivisto H, Savonen M, Koponen T, Suominen P, Ropponen T, Baruè C, Lechartier M, Beijers JPM, Brandenburg S, Kremers HR, Vanrooyen D, Kuchler D, Scrivens R, Schachter L, Dobrescu S, Stiebing K. A status report of the multipurpose superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02A326. [PMID: 18315116 DOI: 10.1063/1.2812336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intense heavy ion beam production with electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources is a common requirement for many of the accelerators under construction in Europe and elsewhere. An average increase of about one order of magnitude per decade in the performance of ECR ion sources was obtained up to now since the time of pioneering experiment of R. Geller at CEA, Grenoble, and this trend is not deemed to get the saturation at least in the next decade, according to the increased availability of powerful magnets and microwave generators. Electron density above 10(13) cm(-3) and very high current of multiply charged ions are expected with the use of 28 GHz microwave heating and of an adequate plasma trap, with a B-minimum shape, according to the high B mode concept [S. Gammino and G. Ciavola, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 5, 19 (1996)]. The MS-ECRIS ion source has been designed following this concept and its construction is underway at GSI, Darmstadt. The project is the result of the cooperation of nine European institutions with the partial funding of EU through the sixth Framework Programme. The contribution of different institutions has permitted to build in 2006-2007 each component at high level of expertise. The description of the major components will be given in the following with a view on the planning of the assembly and commissioning phase to be carried out in fall 2007. An outline of the experiments to be done with the MS-ECRIS source in the next two years will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Ciavola
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
137
|
Ferro A, Baldo V, Cinquetti S, Corziali P, Gallo G, Lustro G, Paludetti P, Menegon T, Baldovin T, Palù G, Trivello R. Outbreak of serogroup C meningococcal disease in Veneto region, Italy. Euro Surveill 2008; 13:8008. [PMID: 18445389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Ferro
- Servizio Sanita Pubblica e Screening, Direzione Regionale Prevenzione, Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Ferro A, Baldo V, Cinquetti S, Corziali P, Gallo G, Lustro G, Paludetti P, Menegon T, Baldovin T, Palù G, Trivello R. Outbreak of serogroup C meningococcal disease in Veneto region, Italy. Euro Surveill 2008. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.02.08008-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningococcal infections occur worldwide as endemic disease; there have also been outbreaks in Europe and in the Americas in the last 30 years but they have not reached the high incidence levels of epidemics in other parts of the world [1].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ferro
- Servizio Sanità Pubblica e Screening, Direzione Regionale Prevenzione, Venezia, Italy
| | - V Baldo
- Regional Surveillance System for Meningitis Control, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - S Cinquetti
- Direzione Sanitaria Azienda Ulss 7, Pieve di Soligo, Italy
| | - P Corziali
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, Azienda Ulss 9, Treviso, Italy
| | - G Gallo
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, Azienda Ulss 9, Treviso, Italy
| | - G Lustro
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione Azienda Ulss 8, Asolo, Italy
| | - P Paludetti
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione Azienda Ulss 7, Pieve di Soligo, Italy
| | - T Menegon
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, Azienda Ulss 9, Treviso, Italy
| | - T Baldovin
- Regional Surveillance System for Meningitis Control, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - G Palù
- Regional Surveillance System for Meningitis Control, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - R Trivello
- Regional Surveillance System for Meningitis Control, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Kaplan B, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Dispenzieri A, Zeldenrust SR, Leung N, Livneh A, Gallo G. Isolation and biochemical characterization of plasma monoclonal free light chains in amyloidosis and multiple myeloma: a pilot study of intact and truncated forms of light chains and their charge properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 46:335-41. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2008.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
140
|
Canesi L, Lorusso LC, Ciacci C, Betti M, Regoli F, Poiana G, Gallo G, Marcomini A. Effects of blood lipid lowering pharmaceuticals (bezafibrate and gemfibrozil) on immune and digestive gland functions of the bivalve mollusc, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Chemosphere 2007; 69:994-1002. [PMID: 17573095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 04/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Fibrates are hypolipidemic pharmaceuticals that have been detected as contaminants in wastewaters and surface waters. In this work, the possible effects of two fibrates, Bezafibrate (BEZA) and Gemfibrozil (GEM) in the bivalve mollusc Mytilus spp were investigated. In the immune cells, the hemocytes, addition of both compounds in vitro induced rapid lysosomal membrane destabilization, extracellular lysozyme release, NO production and decreased phagocytic activity. The effect of fibrates were partly mediated by activation of ERK and p38 MAPKs (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases), as demonstrated by the use of specific inhibitors of different kinases. The effects of fibrates on hemocyte function were confirmed in vivo, in the hemocytes of mussels injected with 0.01, 0.1 and 1 nmol/animal (corresponding to nominal concentrations of 3.61, 36.18 and 361.8ng/g dry weight for BEZA and of 2.50, 25.03 and 250.35 ng/g dry weight for GEM, respectively) and sampled at 24h post-injection. Both compounds induced a concentration-dependent lysosomal destabilization and extracellular lysozyme release; an increase in phagocytosis was observed at the highest concentration. In vivo exposure to fibrates also induced significant effects on mussel digestive gland, the key metabolic organ in bivalves. Both BEZA and GEM increased the activity of the glycolytic enzymes phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK), and of Glutathione transferase (GST) glutathione reductase (GSR), and total glutathione content. A significant increase in the peroxisomal enzyme catalase was observed; however, BEZA exposure decreased Palmytoyl CoA oxidase activity, whereas GEM was ineffective. The results indicate that in mussels environmental concentrations of hypolipidemic drugs can affect the immune function, as well as glycolysis, redox balance and peroxisomal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Canesi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a 55 kD homotetrameric serum protein transporter of retinol binding protein charged with retinol and thyroxine (T4). The highly amyloidogenic human TTR variant in which leucine at position 55 is replaced by proline (L55P TTR) is responsible for aggressive fatal amyloidosis with peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, cardiomyopathy and nephropathy. Mice bearing one or two copies of a 19.2 kB human genomic fragment containing the entire coding sequence and the known control regions of the L55P TTR transgene, failed to develop TTR amyloidosis even though their sera contained mutant human TTR. The frequency of TTR tissue deposition was increased when the L55P TTR transgene was bred onto a murine TTR-null background. Denaturation of sera from the transgenic animals and murine TTR-knockouts expressing the human L55P TTR transgene revealed that the TTR tetramer was much more stable in the presence of the murine protein because the TTR circulates as hybrid human/murine heterotetramers. Intraperitoneal administration of diflunisal, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that binds to TTR in its T4-binding site and inhibits fibril formation in vitro, to human L55P TTR transgenic animals in which the murine TTR gene had been silenced, also stabilizes the circulating mutant protein to in vitro urea denaturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clement E Tagoe
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
142
|
Izzo R, Ambrosanio G, Cigliano A, Cascone D, Gallo G, Muto M. Biomechanics of the Spine III. The Cranio-Cervical Junction. Neuroradiol J 2007; 20:209-17. [PMID: 24299647 DOI: 10.1177/197140090702000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
By virtue of its unique anatomy and functions the cranial-cervical junction was excluded in previous reviews on the general biomechanics of the spine, being a world apart. The special design of the cranial-cervical (CCJ) junction responds to seemingly opposed necessities being at same time loose enough to allow a great variety of movements and strong enough to preserve the spinal cord and vertebral arteries and to resist the head weight and muscular action. The primary goal of the CCJ is to ensure the maximal mobility of the head for visual and auditory exploration of space. Like a cardan joint the CCJ allows simultaneous independent movements about three axes in order to repeat and extend eye movements under the control of vestibular receptors. Several muscular groups and a number of ligaments control the movements of the CCJ and ensure its stability. Although composed of two seemingly distinct joints the CCJ forms a unique functional complex whose stability is ensured by ligaments and bony restraints often operating on both joint components: the occipitoatlantal and atlantoaxial joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Izzo
- Neuroradiology Department A.O.R.N., A. Cardarelli; Napoli, Italy -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
143
|
Kaplan B, Livneh A, Gallo G. Charge differences between in vivo deposits in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis and non-amyloid light chain deposition disease. Br J Haematol 2007; 136:723-8. [PMID: 17223908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) and non-amyloid light chain deposition disease (NALCDD) are different forms of protein aggregation disorders that may occur in plasma cell dyscrasias with dysproteinemia. In systemic AL, the deposits are fibrillar and patchy in distribution, within and amongst different organs, whereas in NALCDD, the deposits are granular and diffusely distributed in systemic basement membranes, suggesting different mechanisms of aggregation and deposition. Previous evidence, that charge differences between the light chains in AL and NALCDD might account for their different phenotypes, prompted the present study, which compared the isoelectric points (pIs) of AL and NALCDD protein deposits extracted from human tissues. The pI profiles (5.2-8.8) of polypeptides in AL deposits were heterogenous in four cases, with a spread of both anionic and cationic isoforms; in contrast, in three of NALCDD the pI profiles (8.2-8.8) were homogeneous and restricted in the cationic range. These in vivo findings in human disease, together with other reported in vitro and in vivo experimental data, suggest that the fibrillar deposits in AL may form by electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged polypeptides, whereas the granular deposits in NALCDD form by the binding of cationic polypeptides to anionic proteoglycans sites in basement membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batia Kaplan
- The Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
De Angelis M, Di Cagno R, Gallo G, Curci M, Siragusa S, Crecchio C, Parente E, Gobbetti M. Molecular and functional characterization of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis strains isolated from sourdoughs. Int J Food Microbiol 2007; 114:69-82. [PMID: 17223214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fifty isolates of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis from Italian sourdoughs were identified and typed by a polyphasic approach which included genotypic and phenotypic criteria. Genotypic diversity was characterized by Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) of PCR amplified 16S-23S rDNA spacer region, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR amplified rpoB (beta subunit of RNA polymerase) gene, and rep-PCR (PCR amplification of repetitive bacterial DNA elements) analyses. The RISA analysis produced a unique electrophoretical profile of four bands (ranging from 300 to 600 bp) for all L. sanfranciscensis isolates. The DGGE analysis of rpoB gene allowed the subdivision of isolates in four clusters. The resolution found by using rep-PCR with primers BOXA1R and REP1R-I/REP2-I allowed the widening of the level of isolates heterogeneity. Phenotypic diversity was evaluated by Biolog System and characterization of several technological traits (e.g., acidification kinetics, proteinase and peptidase activities). L. sanfranciscensis isolates used a large varieties of carbon sources such as dextrin, D-fructose, L-fucose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose, palatinose, L-rhanmose, L- and D,L-lactic acids and L-methionine. The acidification activity and related quotient of fermentation, and the peptidase (PepN, PepV, PepT, PepI, PepX, PepQ and PepR) activities markedly varied among strains. The same was found concerning the capacity to liberate amino acids during sourdough fermentation. This study could be considered as an example of a computerized analysis of the genotypic and phenotypic traits to reliably and rapidly differentiate sourdough isolates. Although some L. sanfranciscensis isolates combined several technological traits, the association of more selected strains seemed to be a requisite to get optimal sourdough characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante e Microbiologia Applicata, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
Catanuto G, Spano A, Pennati A, Farinella G, Spoto S, Impoco G, Gallo G, Nava M. 232 ORAL Curvature mapping and outcome evaluation in breast plastic and reconstructive surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0748-7983(06)70667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
146
|
|
147
|
Cargnello G, Pezza L, Gallo G, Camatta T, Coccato S, Pascarella G, Di Gaetano R, Casadei G, La Torre A, Spera G, Scaglione M, Moretti S, Garofalo A. D.M.R. ("Double Reasoned Maturing"): innovative technique of agronomic ecologic control of grey mould on grapevine. trials and various considerations. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2006; 71:1055-61. [PMID: 17390859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out in order to identify agronomic ecologic solutions in the indirect grey mould control on grapevine. These specific trials started since 1990 and, after years of validation, now they are applied by the entrepreneur to the business practice in the different pedological and climatic area and on different cultivars and forms of growing. The technique of "Doppia Maturazione Ragionata" (D.M.R.) ("Doubles Reasoned Maturing") consists of far "completing" the maturing of the grape for wilting on the plant through the reasoned cut of the heads to fruit e/o of shoots. The application of D.M.R., besides determining valid and important technical and qualitative (organoleptic, economic and social quality) improvements on the product, is particularly effective in the indirect grey mould control on grapevine. Such technique, in fact, allows us to vintage the grape during the business demands and not when imposed by Botrytis cinerea; it has been possible, in some cases, to vintage in December and over, without problems of B. cinerea. The trials have shown the technical, economic, social sustainability of D.M.R. application. This paper reports all trials that have brought, by now from years, to apply in the practice DMR (Double Reasoned Maturing).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cargnello
- C.R.A. - Viticultural Research Institute, S.O.C. Tecniche Colturali, Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, IT-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Cargnello G, Pezza L, Camatta T, Gallo G, Lot S, Pascarella G, Di Gaetano R, Lovat L, Spera G, La Torre A, Scaglione M, Casadei G, Moretti S. "Minimum pruning", "minimal pruning" and "physiological pruning" as new techniques in grey mould agronomic eco-compatible (natural) control. Researches and considerations. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2006; 71:1063-9. [PMID: 17390860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to find agronomic eco-compatible ("natural") control solutions against grey mould of grapevine too. Our researches about "minimum pruning", "minimal pruning" and "physiological pruning" started in 1980, and in 1983 with specific relation to grey mould on vines of Merlot, Cabernet sauvignon and Chardonnay previously set in vegetative and productive growth balance. These researches were conducted to verify the affordability of innovative winter pruning techniques like "minimum pruning", "minimal pruning" and the so called 'physiological pruning", in the natural agronomic eco-compatible grey mould control. As a result we found that the new techniques contribute to limit the incidence of grey mould; especially "physiological pruning" followed by "minimal pruning" and 'minimum pruning". The best results were observed on Chardonnay, followed by Merlot and Cabernet sauvignon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cargnello
- C.R.A., Viticultural Research Institute, S.O.C. Tecniche Colturali, Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, IT-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
149
|
|
150
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Foster
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|