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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Quirke
- Pathology and Tumour Biology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Nick West
- Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Chand M, Heald RJ, West N, Swift RI, Tekkis P, Brown G. The evolution in the detection of extramural venous invasion in rectal cancer: implications for modern-day practice. Colorectal Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/crc.14.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Venous invasion has been considered a poor prognostic factor in rectal cancer for over half a century. This term has evolved in recent years and now applies specifically to tumor invasion into extramural veins – extramural venous invasion. This distinction from intramural venous invasion is important as it is more clinically relevant. Extramural venous invasion can be identified by histopathology and MRI but until recently there has been a lack of consistency in definitions and detection techniques. This paper reviews the historical evidence for the prognostic importance and detection of venous invasion in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Chand
- Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, UK
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richard J Heald
- North Hampshire & Basingstoke Hospital, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, RG24 9NA, UK
| | - Nick West
- Pathology & Tumor Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R Ian Swift
- Croydon University Hospital, London, CR7 7YE, UK
| | - Paris Tekkis
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gina Brown
- Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT, UK
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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103
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Chan CT, Qi J, Smith W, Paranol R, Mazitschek R, West N, Reeves R, Chiosis G, Schreiber SL, Bradner JE, Paulmurugan R, Gambhir SS. Syntheses and discovery of a novel class of cinnamic hydroxamates as histone deacetylase inhibitors by multimodality molecular imaging in living subjects. Cancer Res 2014; 74:7475-86. [PMID: 25320008 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) that regulate gene expression are being explored as cancer therapeutic targets. In this study, we focused on HDAC6 based on its ability to inhibit cancerous Hsp90 chaperone activities by disrupting Hsp90/p23 interactions. To identify novel HDAC6 inhibitors, we used a dual-luciferase reporter system in cell culture and living mice by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). On the basis of existing knowledge, a library of hydrazone compounds was generated for screening by coupling cinnamic hydroxamates with aldehydes and ketones. Potency and selectivity were determined by in vitro HDAC profiling assays, with further evaluation to inhibit Hsp90(α/β)/p23 interactions by BLI. In this manner, we identified compound 1A12 as a dose-dependent inhibitor of Hsp90(α/β)/p23 interactions, UKE-1 myeloid cell proliferation, p21(waf1) upregulation, and acetylated histone H3 levels. 1A12 was efficacious in tumor xenografts expressing Hsp90(α)/p23 reporters relative to carrier control-treated mice as determined by BLI. Small animal (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging on the same cohort showed that 1A12 also inhibited glucose metabolism relative to control subjects. Ex vivo analyses of tumor lysates showed that 1A12 administration upregulated acetylated-H3 by approximately 3.5-fold. Taken together, our results describe the discovery and initial preclinical validation of a novel selective HDAC inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Chan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - J Qi
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - W Smith
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R Paranol
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R Mazitschek
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - N West
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R Reeves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - G Chiosis
- Department of Medicine and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Medical Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - J E Bradner
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - R Paulmurugan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - S S Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Division of Nuclear Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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104
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Cardoso F, Costa A, Norton L, Senkus E, Aapro M, André F, Barrios CH, Bergh J, Biganzoli L, Blackwell KL, Cardoso MJ, Cufer T, El Saghir N, Fallowfield L, Fenech D, Francis P, Gelmon K, Giordano SH, Gligorov J, Goldhirsch A, Harbeck N, Houssami N, Hudis C, Kaufman B, Krop I, Kyriakides S, Lin UN, Mayer M, Merjaver SD, Nordström EB, Pagani O, Partridge A, Penault-Llorca F, Piccart MJ, Rugo H, Sledge G, Thomssen C, Van't Veer L, Vorobiof D, Vrieling C, West N, Xu B, Winer E. ESO-ESMO 2nd international consensus guidelines for advanced breast cancer (ABC2)†. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1871-1888. [PMID: 25234545 PMCID: PMC4176456 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Cardoso
- European School of Oncology & Breast Unit, Champalimaud Cancer Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - A Costa
- European School of Oncology, Milan, Italy; European School of Oncology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - L Norton
- Breast Cancer Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - E Senkus
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - M Aapro
- Division of Oncology, Institut Multidisciplinaire d'Oncologie, Genolier, Switzerland
| | - F André
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - C H Barrios
- Department of Medicine, PUCRS School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - J Bergh
- Department of Oncology/Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Institutet & Cancer Center Karolinska and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Biganzoli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sandro Pitigliani Oncology Centre, Prato, Italy
| | - K L Blackwell
- Breast Cancer Clinical Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA
| | - M J Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Cancer Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - T Cufer
- University Clinic Golnik, Medical Faculty Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N El Saghir
- NK Basile Cancer Institute Breast Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - L Fallowfield
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - D Fenech
- Breast Care Support Group, Europa Donna Malta, Mtarfa, Malta
| | - P Francis
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Gelmon
- BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S H Giordano
- Departments of Health Services Research and Breast Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Gligorov
- APHP Tenon, IUC-UPMC, Francilian Breast Intergroup, AROME, Paris, France
| | - A Goldhirsch
- Program of Breast Health, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - N Harbeck
- Brustzentrum der Universität München, Munich, Denmark
| | - N Houssami
- Screening and Test Evaluation Program, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Hudis
- Breast Cancer Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - B Kaufman
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - I Krop
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | | | - U N Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | | | - S D Merjaver
- University of Michigan Medical School and School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - E B Nordström
- Europa Donna Sweden & Bröstcancerföreningarnas Riksorganisation, BRO, Sundbyberg, Sweden
| | - O Pagani
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland and Breast Unit of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - A Partridge
- Department Medical Oncology, Division of Women's Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - F Penault-Llorca
- Jean Perrin Centre, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - M J Piccart
- Department of Medicine, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Rugo
- Department of Medicine, Breast Oncology Program, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco
| | - G Sledge
- Indiana University Medical CTR, Indianapolis, USA
| | - C Thomssen
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle an der Saale, Germany
| | - L Van't Veer
- Breast Oncology Program, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - D Vorobiof
- Sandton Oncology Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C Vrieling
- Department of Radiotherapy, Clinique des Grangettes, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N West
- Nursing Division, Health Board, Cardiff and Vale University, Cardiff, UK
| | - B Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - E Winer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
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105
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Cardoso F, Costa A, Norton L, Senkus E, Aapro M, André F, Barrios CH, Bergh J, Biganzoli L, Blackwell KL, Cardoso MJ, Cufer T, El Saghir N, Fallowfield L, Fenech D, Francis P, Gelmon K, Giordano SH, Gligorov J, Goldhirsch A, Harbeck N, Houssami N, Hudis C, Kaufman B, Krop I, Kyriakides S, Lin UN, Mayer M, Merjaver SD, Nordström EB, Pagani O, Partridge A, Penault-Llorca F, Piccart MJ, Rugo H, Sledge G, Thomssen C, Van't Veer L, Vorobiof D, Vrieling C, West N, Xu B, Winer E. ESO-ESMO 2nd international consensus guidelines for advanced breast cancer (ABC2). Breast 2014; 23:489-502. [PMID: 25244983 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Cardoso
- European School of Oncology & Breast Unit, Champalimaud Cancer Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - A Costa
- European School of Oncology, Milan, Italy; European School of Oncology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - L Norton
- Breast Cancer Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - E Senkus
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - M Aapro
- Division of Oncology, Institut Multidisciplinaire d'Oncologie, Genolier, Switzerland
| | - F André
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - C H Barrios
- Department of Medicine, PUCRS School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - J Bergh
- Department of Oncology/Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Institutet & Cancer Center Karolinska and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Biganzoli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sandro Pitigliani Oncology Centre, Prato, Italy
| | - K L Blackwell
- Breast Cancer Clinical Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA
| | - M J Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Cancer Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - T Cufer
- University Clinic Golnik, Medical Faculty Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N El Saghir
- NK Basile Cancer Institute Breast Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - L Fallowfield
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - D Fenech
- Breast Care Support Group, Europa Donna Malta, Mtarfa, Malta
| | - P Francis
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Gelmon
- BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S H Giordano
- Departments of Health Services Research and Breast Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J Gligorov
- APHP Tenon, IUC-UPMC, Francilian Breast Intergroup, Arome, Paris, France
| | - A Goldhirsch
- Program of Breast Health, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - N Harbeck
- Brustzentrum der Universität München, Munich, DE, USA
| | - N Houssami
- Screening and Test Evaluation Program, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Hudis
- Breast Cancer Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - B Kaufman
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - I Krop
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | | | - U N Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Advanced BC.org, New York, USA
| | - S D Merjaver
- University of Michigan Medical School and School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - E B Nordström
- Europa Donna Sweden & Bröstcancerföreningarnas Riksorganisation, BRO, Sundbyberg, Sweden
| | - O Pagani
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland and Breast Unit of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - A Partridge
- Department Medical Oncology, Division of Women's Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - F Penault-Llorca
- Jean Perrin Centre, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - M J Piccart
- Department of Medicine, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Rugo
- Department of Medicine, Breast Oncology Program, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - G Sledge
- Indiana University Medical CTR, Indianapolis, USA
| | - C Thomssen
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle an der Saale, DE, Germany
| | - L Van't Veer
- Breast Oncology Program, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - D Vorobiof
- Sandton Oncology Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C Vrieling
- Department of Radiotherapy, Clinique des Grangettes, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N West
- Nursing Division, Health Board, Cardiff and Vale University, Cardiff, UK
| | - B Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - E Winer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
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106
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Rajani NK, Brown AJ, McCormick LM, Parwaiz H, Hoole SP, West N. 76 Radial Access for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - Does Access Site Choice Translate Into Clinical Benefit? Heart 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306118.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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107
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Hoole S, Brown A, McCormick L, West N. IMPLANTATION OF BIOABSORBABLE VASCULAR SCAFFOLDS IMPROVE THE MYOCARDIAL INDEX OF MICROCIRCULATORY RESISTANCE. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(14)61888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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108
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Brown AJ, Teng Z, Calvert P, Huang Y, Obaid DR, Hoole S, West N, Gillard JH, Bennett M. IN VIVO CORONARY PLAQUE STRUCTURAL STRESS IS INFLUENCED BY BOTH PLAQUE COMPOSITION AND CLASSIFICATION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(14)61759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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109
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Moran BJ, Holm T, Brannagan G, Chave H, Quirke P, West N, Brown G, Glynne-Jones R, Sebag-Montefiore D, Cunningham C, Janjua AZ, Battersby NJ, Crane S, McMeeking A. The English national low rectal cancer development programme: key messages and future perspectives. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:173-8. [PMID: 24267315 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum is clinically challenging because of the need to choose between a wide excision to achieve oncological clearance, on the one hand, and sphincter conservation to maintain anal function, on the other. The English National Low Rectal Cancer Development Programme (LOREC) was developed under the auspices of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland and the English National Cancer Action Team to improve the outcome of low rectal cancer in England. METHOD LOREC was initiated focusing on preoperative imaging, selective neoadjuvant therapy, optimal surgical treatment and detailed pathological assessment of the excised specimen. Its key elements were 1-day multidisciplinary team (MDT) workshops, cadaveric surgical training, surgical mentoring, pathological audit and radiological workshops. RESULTS Overall, 147 (89.6%) of 164 MDTs from 151 National Health Service (NHS) Trusts (some with two MDTs) in England participated in 15 workshops in Basingstoke or Leeds. In addition, 112 surgeons attended a 1-day cadaveric training programme in Bristol, Newcastle or Nottingham, with the main focus on extralevator abdominoperineal excision and pelvic reconstruction, with input from anatomists and from colorectal and plastic surgeons. CONCLUSION Optimal staging, selective preoperative chemoradiotherapy and precise surgery were considered as crucial to improve the outcome for patients with low rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Moran
- Colorectal Surgery, Hampshire Hospitals Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
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110
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van Heusden K, West N, Umedaly A, Ansermino J, Merchant R, Dumont G. Safety, constraints and anti-windup in closed-loop anesthesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-za-1003.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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111
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Gupta S, Ratnasingham K, Bhargava V, West N. Improvement in clinical recording keeping following the introduction of an admission clerking proforma for acute general surgical patients. Int J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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112
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Mansel RE, MacNeill F, Horgan K, Goyal A, Britten A, Townson J, Clarke D, Newcombe RG, Keshtgar M, Kissin M, Layer G, Hilson A, Ell P, Wishart G, Brown D, West N. Results of a national training programme in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer. Br J Surg 2013; 100:654-61. [PMID: 23389843 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New Start, a structured, validated, multidisciplinary training programme in sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), was established to allow the introduction and rapid transfer of appropriate knowledge and technical skills to ensure safe and competent practice across the UK. METHODS Multidisciplinary teams attended a theory/skills laboratory course, following which they performed 30 consecutive SLNBs, either concurrently with their standard axillary staging procedure (training model A) or as stand-alone SLNB (training model B). SLNB was performed according to a standard protocol using the combined technique of isotope ((99m) Tc-labelled albumin colloid) and blue dye. An accredited New Start trainer mentored the first five procedures in the participant's hospital, or all 30 if stand-alone. Validation standards for model A and B were a localization rate of at least 90 per cent. In addition, for model A only, in which a minimum of ten patients were required to be node-positive, a false-negative rate (FNR) of 10 per cent or less was required. RESULTS From October 2004 to December 2008, 210 SLNB-naive surgeons, in 103 centres, performed 6685 SLNB procedures. The overall sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization rate was 98·9 (95 per cent confidence interval 98·6 to 99·1) per cent (6610 of 6685) and the FNR 9·1 (7·9 to 10·5) per cent (160 of 1757). The FNR was related to nodal yield, ranging from 14·8 per cent for one node and declining to 9·7, 6·6, 4·7 and 4·1 per cent for two, three, four and more than four SLNs respectively. No learning curve was identified for localization or FNR. CONCLUSION The programme successfully trained a wide range of UK breast teams to perform safe SLNB and suggested that a standard injection protocol and structured multidisciplinary training can abolish learning curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Mansel
- Department of Surgery, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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113
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West N, Newcombe R, Hughes N, Mason S, Maggio B, Sufi F, Claydon N. A 3-day randomised clinical study investigating the efficacy of two toothpastes, designed to occlude dentine tubules, for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. J Dent 2013; 41:187-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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114
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Clark MD, Leech D, Gumber A, Moro D, Szczepura A, West N, Higgins R. Who should be prioritized for renal transplantation?: Analysis of key stakeholder preferences using discrete choice experiments. BMC Nephrol 2012; 13:152. [PMID: 23173887 PMCID: PMC3576250 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Policies for allocating deceased donor kidneys have recently shifted from allocation based on Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) tissue matching in the UK and USA. Newer allocation algorithms incorporate waiting time as a primary factor, and in the UK, young adults are also favoured. However, there is little contemporary UK research on the views of stakeholders in the transplant process to inform future allocation policy. This research project aimed to address this issue. Methods Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) questionnaires were used to establish priorities for kidney transplantation among different stakeholder groups in the UK. Questionnaires were targeted at patients, carers, donors / relatives of deceased donors, and healthcare professionals. Attributes considered included: waiting time; donor-recipient HLA match; whether a recipient had dependents; diseases affecting life expectancy; and diseases affecting quality of life. Results Responses were obtained from 908 patients (including 98 ethnic minorities); 41 carers; 48 donors / relatives of deceased donors; and 113 healthcare professionals. The patient group demonstrated statistically different preferences for every attribute (i.e. significantly different from zero) so implying that changes in given attributes affected preferences, except when prioritizing those with no rather than moderate diseases affecting quality of life. The attributes valued highly related to waiting time, tissue match, prioritizing those with dependents, and prioritizing those with moderate rather than severe diseases affecting life expectancy. Some preferences differed between healthcare professionals and patients, and ethnic minority and non-ethnic minority patients. Only non-ethnic minority patients and healthcare professionals clearly prioritized those with better tissue matches. Conclusions Our econometric results are broadly supportive of the 2006 shift in UK transplant policy which emphasized prioritizing the young and long waiters. However, our findings suggest the need for a further review in the light of observed differences in preferences amongst ethnic minorities, and also because those with dependents may be a further priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Clark
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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115
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Brown A, Cacciottolo P, Malone-Lee M, McCormick L, Schofield P, Hoole S, West N. TCT-507 Left bundle branch block activations for primary percutaneous coronary intervention: non-specific finding or a marker for increased mortality? J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.08.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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116
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Malik FN, Serra A, West N, Scholtz W, Fath-Ordoubadhi F, Santoso T, Laanmets P, Jung W, Witherow F, Hoffmann S, Mohandes M, Danzi GB. TCT-688 Treatment of bifurcation lesions with a Drug Eluting Stent with biodegradable polymer. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.08.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Danzi GB, Chevalier B, Urban P, Fath-Ordoubadi F, Carrie D, Wiemer M, Serra A, Wijns W, Kala P, Stabile A, Ruigomez JG, Sagic D, Laanmets P, Strupp G, West N, Paunovic D. Clinical performance of a drug-eluting stent with a biodegradable polymer in an unselected patient population: the NOBORI 2 study. EUROINTERVENTION 2012; 8:109-16. [PMID: 22278136 DOI: 10.4244/eijv8i1a17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies for approved indications (on-label) have shown the good safety and efficacy profiles of the Nobori DES. We conducted a prospective, multicentre study to validate the clinical performance of this stent in a real-world setting. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 3,067 consecutive patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention with the Nobori DES were enrolled in the NOBORI 2 registry. At one and two years, 97% and 95% of patients, respectively, were available for follow-up. The rates of target lesion failure (TLF), cardiac death, myocardial infarction and target lesion revascularisations were: 3.9%, 1.2%, 1.9% and 2.2% at one year and 5.1%, 1.6%, 2.4% and 3.0% at two years. Overall, 2,242 patients (73%) were treated for at least one off-label indication. When comparing off-label and on-label groups, the results were: TLF 4.5% vs. 2.2%, p=0.003 at one year and 5.9% vs. 2.8%, p=0.001 at two years. The rate of stent thrombosis was 0.68%, and 0.80% at one and two years, respectively with no difference between the off-label and on-label groups (0.76% vs. 0.48%, p=0.6 and 0.89% vs. 0.61%, p=0.5). CONCLUSIONS The promising results previously observed in lower risk patients can be replicated in daily practice. As expected, in off-label indications, rates of adverse events were higher. Nevertheless, our results suggest the good and sustained performance of this stent system in high-risk patients with significant comorbidities and/or complex lesions.
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Gollins S, Myint A, Saunders M, Susnerwala S, Sebag-Montefiori D, Beare S, Williams E, West N, Jitlal M. Excite: A Phase II Trial of Preoperative Cetuximab, Irinotecan and Capecitabine Plus Radiotherapy (RT) In Mri-Defined Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC). Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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West N. The surgical significance of residual mucosal abnormalities in rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Br J Surg 2012; 99: 993-1001). Br J Surg 2012; 99:1001. [PMID: 22648643 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.8792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N West
- Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
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Brown AJ, McCormick LM, Gajendragadkar PR, Hoole S, Gilbert T, West N. GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITOR USE, RATHER THAN THROMBUS ASPIRATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED OUTCOMES IN PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(12)60014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Basavarajaiah S, Gajendragadkar P, Brown A, McCormick L, West N. SWITCHING FROM FEMORAL TO RADIAL ACCESS FOR PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: SHOULD TECHNICAL DIFFICULTIES DETER WOULD-BE CONVERTS? J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(12)61524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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West N, Purcell D. Science meets Parliament 2012. Microbiol Aust 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ma12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Martijnse I, Dudink R, Nieuwenhuijzen G, van de Velde C, Quirke P, Rutten H, West N. 6012 POSTER DISCUSSION Improved Oncological Outcome After Modified Extralevator Abdominoperineal Excision in Low Rectal Cancer Patients. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abe K, Abgrall N, Ajima Y, Aihara H, Albert JB, Andreopoulos C, Andrieu B, Aoki S, Araoka O, Argyriades J, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Badertscher A, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Bay F, Bentham S, Berardi V, Berger BE, Bertram I, Besnier M, Beucher J, Beznosko D, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDMM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bouchez J, Boyd SB, Bravar A, Bronner C, Brook-Roberge DG, Buchanan N, Budd H, Calvet D, Cartwright SL, Carver A, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cazes A, Cervera A, Chavez C, Choi S, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Coleman W, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Curioni A, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davies GS, Davis S, Day M, De Rosa G, de André JPAM, de Perio P, Delbart A, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dinh Tran P, Dobson J, Dore U, Drapier O, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Dziomba M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Esposito LS, Fechner M, Ferrero A, Finch AJ, Frank E, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Galymov V, Gannaway FC, Gaudin A, Gendotti A, George MA, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Golan T, Goldhaber M, Gomez-Cadenas JJ, Gonin M, Grant N, Grant A, Gumplinger P, Guzowski P, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamano K, Hansen C, Hansen D, Hara T, Harrison PF, Hartfiel B, Hartz M, Haruyama T, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hastings S, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayashi K, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Henderson R, Higashi N, Hignight J, Hirose E, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Hyndman A, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Iida M, Ikeda M, Ilic J, Imber J, Ishida T, Ishihara C, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iwasaki M, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Joo KK, Jover-Manas GV, Jung CK, Kaji H, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kaneyuki K, Karlen D, Kasami K, Kato I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khanam F, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kim J, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kimura N, Kirby B, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Kogan G, Koike S, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kouzuma Y, Kowalik K, Kravtsov V, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kulkarni N, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Laveder M, Lee KP, Le PT, Levy JM, Licciardi C, Lim IT, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Litos M, Longhin A, Lopez GD, Loverre PF, Ludovici L, Lux T, Macaire M, Mahn K, Makida Y, Malek M, Manly S, Marchionni A, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Maryon T, Marzec J, Masliah P, Mathie EL, Matsumura C, Matsuoka K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McLachlan T, Messina M, Metcalf W, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert AD, Mituka G, Miura M, Mizouchi K, Monfregola L, Moreau F, Morgan B, Moriyama S, Muir A, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakajima K, Nakamoto T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Naples D, Navin ML, Nelson B, Nicholls TC, Nishikawa K, Nishino H, Nowak JA, Noy M, Obayashi Y, Ogitsu T, Ohhata H, Okamura T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Otani M, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Ozaki T, Pac MY, Palladino V, Paolone V, Paul P, Payne D, Pearce GF, Perkin JD, Pettinacci V, Pierre F, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Qian W, Raaf JL, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Raufer TM, Ravonel M, Raymond M, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Roney JM, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sabouri S, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sarrat A, Sasaki K, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Scully DI, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Shibata M, Shimizu Y, Shiozawa M, Short S, Siyad M, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Stahl A, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Stone J, Strabel C, Sulak LR, Sulej R, Sutcliffe P, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Szeptycka M, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takenaga Y, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka K, Tanaka HA, Tanaka M, Tanaka MM, Tanimoto N, Tashiro K, Taylor I, Terashima A, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Toki W, Tomaru T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Walding JJ, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wanderer PJ, Wang J, Ward MA, Ward GP, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, West N, Whitehead LH, Wikström G, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada S, Yamada Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto K, Yamanoi Y, Yamaoka H, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:041801. [PMID: 21866992 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment observes indications of ν(μ) → ν(e) appearance in data accumulated with 1.43×10(20) protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with |Δm(23)(2)| = 2.4×10(-3) eV(2), sin(2)2θ(23) = 1 and sin(2)2θ(13) = 0, the expected number of such events is 1.5±0.3(syst). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7×10(-3), equivalent to 2.5σ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04) < sin(2)2θ(13) < 0.28(0.34) for δ(CP) = 0 and a normal (inverted) hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
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Zemb O, West N, Bourrain M, Godon JJ, Lebaron P. Effect of a transient perturbation on marine bacterial communities with contrasting history. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 109:751-62. [PMID: 20337764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the importance of the bacterial composition on the resilience of the organic matter assimilation in the sea. METHODS AND RESULTS Chemostats were inoculated with coastal and offshore bacterial communities. Bacterial density and protein synthesis increased before stabilizing, and this response to confinement was more marked in the offshore chemostats. Before the toluene perturbation the community structure in the coastal chemostats remained complex whereas the offshore chemostats became dominated by Alteromonas sp. After the perturbation, bacterial protein synthesis was inhibited before peaking briefly at a level fivefold to that observed before the perturbation and then stabilizing at a level comparable to that before the perturbation. Alteromonas dominated both the coastal and the offshore communities immediately after the perturbation and the coastal communities did not recover their initial complexity. CONCLUSIONS Cell lysis induced by the toluene perturbation favoured the growth of Alteromonas which could initiate growth rapidly in response to the nutrient pulse. Despite their different community structure in situ, the resilience of protein synthesis of coastal and offshore bacterial communities was dependent on Alteromonas, which dominated in the chemostats. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Here we show that although Alteromonas sp. dominated in artificial offshore and coastal communities in chemostats, their response time to the shock was different. This suggests that future perturbation studies on resilience in the marine environment should take account of ecosystem history.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Zemb
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Laboratoire ARAGO, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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Abstract
To better understand biofouling of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes, bacterial diversity was characterized in the intake water, in subsequently pretreated water and on SWRO membranes from a full-scale desalination plant (FSDP) during a 9 month period. 16S rRNA gene fingerprinting and sequencing revealed that bacterial communities in the water samples and on the SWRO membranes were very different. For the different sampling dates, the bacterial diversity of the active and the total bacterial fractions of the water samples remained relatively stable over the sampling period whereas the bacterial community structure on the four SWRO membrane samples was significantly different. The richness and evenness of the SWRO membrane bacterial communities increased with usage time with an increase in the Shannon diversity index of 2.2 to 3.7. In the oldest SWRO membrane (330 days), no single operational taxonomic unit (OTU) dominated and the majority of the OTUs fell into the Alphaproteobacteria or the Planctomycetes. In striking contrast, a Betaproteobacteria OTU affiliated to the genus Ideonella was dominant and exclusively found in the membrane used for the shortest time (10 days). This suggests that bacteria belonging to this genus could be one of the primary colonizers of the SWRO membrane. Knowledge of the dominant bacterial species on SWRO membranes and their dynamics should help guide culture studies for physiological characterization of biofilm forming species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L de O Manes
- Observatoire Oceanologique, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7621, LOMIC, Banyuls/mer, France.
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Dabelea D, D'Agostino RB, Mason CC, West N, Hamman RF, Mayer-Davis EJ, Maahs D, Klingensmith G, Knowler WC, Nadeau K. Development, validation and use of an insulin sensitivity score in youths with diabetes: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Diabetologia 2011; 54:78-86. [PMID: 20886205 PMCID: PMC5412950 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The ability to measure insulin sensitivity across the phenotypic spectrum of diabetes may contribute to a more accurate characterisation of diabetes type. Our goal was to develop and validate an insulin sensitivity (IS) score using the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp in a subset (n = 85) of 12- to 19-year-old youths with diabetes participating in the SEARCH study in Colorado, USA. METHODS Youths with a diagnosis of type 1 (n = 60) or type 2 diabetes (n = 25) underwent a 3 h clamp to measure glucose disposal rate (GDR, mg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹). Demographic (age, sex, race), clinical (BMI, waist, Tanner stage) and metabolic characteristics (HbA₁(c), lipids, blood pressure, urine albumin:creatinine) were used to estimate log(e)IS score via stepwise linear regression on a model-development set (n = 53). Estimated IS score was evaluated for reproducibility on two validation sets: youths with diabetes (n = 33) and healthy control youths (n = 22). RESULTS The best model included waist, triacylglycerol (TG) and HbA₁(c) levels (R² = 0.74). Diabetes type did not enter the model and there were no significant interactions between diabetes type and other predictors. Estimated IS score correlated well (r = 0.65, p < 0.0001; r = 0.62, p = 0.002) with GDR on the two validation sets. Based on this analysis, we propose the following formula to estimate insulin sensitivity in youths with diabetes: [Formula: see text]. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Insulin sensitivity can be estimated in adolescents with diabetes using routinely collected measures. This score can be applied to epidemiological studies of youths with diabetes to characterise relationships between dimensions of diabetes type.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, 80045, USA.
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Mansel R, Goyal A, MacNeill F, Newcombe R, Layer G, Kissin M, Horgan K, Britten A, Hilson A, Clarke D, Townson J, Ell P, Wishart G, Brown D, West N, Keshtgar M. Abstract P1-01-01: Learning Sentinel Node Biopsy in the UK: Results of the NEW START Training Program. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p1-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: NEW START-a structured, validated multi-professional surgical training programme, was established to allow rapid transfer of appropriate knowledge and technical skills to ensure safe and competent practice of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) across the UK.
Methods: Multi-professional teams attended a theory/skills-lab course delivering a standardized educational package, following which they performed SLNB in 30 consecutive patients, either concurrently with their standard axillary staging procedure — mentorship training model-or as stand-alone SLNB — apprenticeship training model. An accredited NEW START trainer mentored the first 5 procedures in the participants’ hospital, or all 30 if stand-alone. Validation standards were a localization rate of ≥90% and in the mentorship program where a minimum of 10 cases were node positive, a false-negative rate of ≥10%. SLNB was performed according to a standardised protocol using the combined technique of isotope (0.05-0.1ml of 99mTc-albumin colloid — Nanocoll®) and blue dye (Patent blue V) injected into the tumour quadrant peri-areolar tissue. Isotope was injected intra-dermally and static scintigraphic images were obtained, blue dye was injected sub-dermally after anaesthetic induction.
Results: From October 2004 to December 2008, 210 SLNB naive surgeons, in 103 centres, performed 6,685 SLNB procedures of which 31% (2,098/6,685) were node positive. The mentorship training model was followed in 87% (5,849/6,685). Scintigraphy identified axillary lymph node drainage in 85% (5,564/6,511) with an overall SLN localization rate of 98.9% (6,610/6,685, 95% CI 98.6% to 99.1%). Node positivity was higher (P<0.001) for failed (58.7%, 44/75) than successful (31.1%, 2054/6610) localizations. The mentorship false negative rate (FNR) was 8.9% (163/1821, 95% CI 7.7% to 10.4%). The median SLN yield was 2.0 (range 1-11).
SLN localization and FNR improved with surgeon caseload so that after 20 procedures the FNR fell below 10% but no statistically significant learning curve was identified. The FNR patients who had one SLN harvested was 14.8%. The FNR rate declined to 9.4%, 6.3%, 4.5% and 4.0% for those patients with 2, 3, 4 and more than 4 SLNs removed.
Conclusion: NEW START demonstrates that a standardized injection protocol and structured multi-professional training can abolish learning curves so ensuring patient safety during national adoption of a new technique. Tumor quadrant injection using both isotope and dye has a high localization rate and low false-negative rate. Failed localization indicates higher probability of axillary nodal involvement. It is not necessary to remove more than 4 SLNs to achieve a FNR of less than 5%.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mansel
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - A Goyal
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - F MacNeill
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - R Newcombe
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - G Layer
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - M Kissin
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - K Horgan
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - A Britten
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - A Hilson
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - D Clarke
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - J Townson
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - P Ell
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - G Wishart
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - D Brown
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - N West
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
| | - M. Keshtgar
- Cardiff University, Cardiff; Royal Marsden Hospital, London; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds; St George's Hospital, London; Royal Free Hospital, London; Warwick Hospital; The Middlesex Hospital, London; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
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Fath-Ordoubadi F, West N, Talwar S, Witherow F, Hildick-Smith D, Spyrou N, Lim P, Gorog D, Fraser D, El-Omar M, danzi GB. 102 Clinical outcome in patients treated with Nobori, a new generation drug eluting stents in a real life setting: Abstract 102 Table 1. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.196071.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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West N, Grabsch H, Treanor D, Sebag-Montefiore D, Thorpe H, Jayne D, Rutten H, Swellengrebel HA, Nagtegaal ID, Quirke P. Quantitative assessment of tumor cell density in rectal cancer following three different preoperative therapies compared to surgery alone. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.3651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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131
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West N. Commentary: Lymph node retrieval in colorectal cancer specimens: national standards are achievable, and low numbers are associated with reduced survival. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12:309-11. [PMID: 20132261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2010.02230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick West
- Pathology & Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds.
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132
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Arms KE, Armstrong R, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Barnes PD, Barr G, Barrett WL, Becker BR, Belias A, Bernstein RH, Betancourt M, Bhattacharya D, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehm J, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Bower C, Cavanaugh S, Chapman JD, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Cobb JH, Coelho JAB, Coleman SJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Culling AJ, Danko IZ, de Jong JK, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Erwin AR, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Godley A, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Gran R, Grashorn EW, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Heller K, Himmel A, Holin A, Howcroft C, Huang X, Hylen J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Koskinen DJ, Krahn Z, Kreymer A, Lang K, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Ma J, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Marshall JS, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Metelko CJ, Michael DG, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mitchell J, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver WP, Ospanov R, Paley J, Para A, Patterson RB, Patzak T, Pavlović Z, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Petyt DA, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Rahaman A, Rameika RA, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Ryabov VA, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Smart W, Smith C, Sousa A, Speakman B, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Thron JL, Tinti G, Toner R, Tsarev VA, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Ward DR, Watabe M, Weber A, Webb RC, West N, White C, Whitehead L, Wojcicki SG, Wright DM, Yang T, Zhang K, Zheng H, Zois M, Zwaska R. Search for muon-neutrino to electron-neutrino transitions in MINOS. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:261802. [PMID: 20366304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.261802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on a search for nu(mu) --> nu(e) transitions by the MINOS experiment based on a 3.14x10(20) protons-on-target exposure in the Fermilab NuMI beam. We observe 35 events in the Far Detector with a background of 27+/-5(stat)+/-2(syst) events predicted by the measurements in the Near Detector. If interpreted in terms of nu(mu) --> nu(e) oscillations, this 1.5sigma excess of events is consistent with sin2(2theta(13)) comparable to the CHOOZ limit when |Delta m2|=2.43x10(-3) eV2 and sin2(2theta(23))=1.0 are assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Pacold M, Blake E, Clarke S, Fydrych A, West N, Bradner J, Yaffe M, Floyd S. A Combined Small Molecule and shRNA High-content Screen of Chromatin Modifiers Identifies an Acetyl-lysine Binding Protein as a Suppressor of the DNA Damage Response to Ionizing Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Edwards CT, West N. Tension pneumatocoele in a child with an empyema. Case Reports 2009; 2009:bcr05.2009.1888. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.05.2009.1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Arms KE, Armstrong R, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Baller B, Barr G, Barrett WL, Becker BR, Belias A, Bernstein RH, Bhattacharya D, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehm J, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Bower C, Buckley-Geer E, Cavanaugh S, Chapman JD, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Cobb JH, Coleman SJ, Culling AJ, de Jong JK, Dierckxsens M, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Dytman SA, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Harris EF, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Godley A, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Gran R, Grashorn EW, Grossman N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Heller K, Himmel A, Holin A, Hsu L, Hylen J, Irwin GM, Ishitsuka M, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Kim JJ, Kim MS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Koskinen DJ, Kotelnikov SK, Kreymer A, Kumaratunga S, Lang K, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Ma J, Mann WA, Marchionni A, Marshak ML, Marshall JS, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Meier JR, Messier MD, Metelko CJ, Michael DG, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Murgia S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver WP, Ospanov R, Paley J, Paolone V, Para A, Patzak T, Pavlović Z, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Peck CW, Petyt DA, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Rahaman A, Rameika RA, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Ryabov VA, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Smart W, Smith C, Sousa A, Speakman B, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Tavera MA, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Thron JL, Tinti G, Trostin I, Tsarev VA, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Ward DR, Watabe M, Weber A, Webb RC, Wehmann A, West N, White C, Wojcicki SG, Wright DM, Yang T, Zhang K, Zwaska R. Search for active neutrino disappearance using neutral-current interactions in the MINOS long-baseline experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:221804. [PMID: 19113477 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.221804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first detailed comparisons of the rates and spectra of neutral-current neutrino interactions at two widely separated locations. A depletion in the rate at the far site would indicate mixing between nu(mu) and a sterile particle. No anomalous depletion in the reconstructed energy spectrum is observed. Assuming oscillations occur at a single mass-squared splitting, a fit to the neutral- and charged-current energy spectra limits the fraction of nu(mu) oscillating to a sterile neutrino to be below 0.68 at 90% confidence level. A less stringent limit due to a possible contribution to the measured neutral-current event rate at the far site from nu(e) appearance at the current experimental limit is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Arms KE, Armstrong R, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Baller B, Barr G, Barrett WL, Becker BR, Belias A, Bernstein RH, Bhattacharya D, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehm J, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Bower C, Buckley-Geer E, Cavanaugh S, Chapman JD, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Coleman SJ, Culling AJ, de Jong JK, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Dytman SA, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk Harris E, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Gran R, Grashorn EW, Grossman N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Heller K, Himmel A, Holin A, Hylen J, Irwin GM, Ishitsuka M, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Kim JJ, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Koskinen DJ, Kreymer A, Kumaratunga S, Lang K, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Ma J, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Marshall JS, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Meier JR, Messier MD, Metelko CJ, Michael DG, Miller JL, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Murgia S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver WP, Ospanov R, Paley J, Paolone V, Para A, Patzak T, Pavlović Z, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Peck CW, Petyt DA, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Rahaman A, Rameika RA, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Smart W, Sousa A, Speakman B, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Tavera MA, Thomas J, Thompson J, Thomson MA, Thron JL, Tinti G, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Watabe M, Weber A, Webb RC, Wehmann A, West N, White C, Wojcicki SG, Yang T, Zois M, Zhang K, Zwaska R. Testing Lorentz invariance and CPT conservation with NuMI neutrinos in the MINOS near detector. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:151601. [PMID: 18999585 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.151601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A search for a sidereal modulation in the MINOS near detector neutrino data was performed. If present, this signature could be a consequence of Lorentz and CPT violation as predicted by the effective field theory called the standard-model extension. No evidence for a sidereal signal in the data set was found, implying that there is no significant change in neutrino propagation that depends on the direction of the neutrino beam in a sun-centered inertial frame. Upper limits on the magnitudes of the Lorentz and CPT violating terms in the standard-model extension lie between 10(-4) and 10(-2) of the maximum expected, assuming a suppression of these signatures by a factor of 10(-17).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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138
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Arms KE, Armstrong R, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Baller B, Barnes PD, Barr G, Barrett WL, Becker BR, Belias A, Bernstein RH, Bhattacharya D, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehm J, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Bower C, Buckley-Geer E, Cavanaugh S, Chapman JD, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Cobb JH, Coleman SJ, Culling AJ, de Jong JK, Dierckxsens M, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Dytman SA, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Harris EF, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Godley A, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Gran R, Grashorn EW, Grossman N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Heller K, Himmel A, Holin A, Hylen J, Irwin GM, Ishitsuka M, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Kim JJ, Kim MS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Koskinen DJ, Kotelnikov SK, Kreymer A, Kumaratunga S, Lang K, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Ma J, Mann WA, Marchionni A, Marshak ML, Marshall JS, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Meier JR, Merzon GI, Messier MD, Metelko CJ, Michael DG, Miller JL, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Murgia S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver WP, Ospanov R, Paley J, Paolone V, Para A, Patzak T, Pavlović Z, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Peck CW, Peterson EA, Petyt DA, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Rahaman A, Rameika RA, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Ruddick K, Ryabov VA, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Seun SM, Shanahan P, Smart W, Smith C, Sousa A, Speakman B, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Symes P, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Tavera MA, Thomas J, Thompson J, Thomson MA, Thron JL, Tinti G, Trostin I, Tsarev VA, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Ward CP, Ward DR, Watabe M, Weber A, Webb RC, Wehmann A, West N, White C, Wojcicki SG, Wright DM, Yang T, Zois M, Zhang K, Zwaska R. Measurement of neutrino oscillations with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI beam. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:131802. [PMID: 18851439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports new results from the MINOS experiment based on a two-year exposure to muon neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI beam. Our data are consistent with quantum-mechanical oscillations of neutrino flavor with mass splitting |Deltam2| = (2.43+/-0.13) x 10(-3) eV2 (68% C.L.) and mixing angle sin2(2theta) > 0.90 (90% C.L.). Our data disfavor two alternative explanations for the disappearance of neutrinos in flight: namely, neutrino decays into lighter particles and quantum decoherence of neutrinos, at the 3.7 and 5.7 standard-deviation levels, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Aharmim B, Ahmed SN, Amsbaugh JF, Anthony AE, Banar J, Barros N, Beier EW, Bellerive A, Beltran B, Bergevin M, Biller SD, Boudjemline K, Boulay MG, Bowles TJ, Browne MC, Bullard TV, Burritt TH, Cai B, Chan YD, Chauhan D, Chen M, Cleveland BT, Cox-Mobrand GA, Currat CA, Dai X, Deng H, Detwiler J, DiMarco M, Doe PJ, Doucas G, Drouin PL, Duba CA, Duncan FA, Dunford M, Earle ED, Elliott SR, Evans HC, Ewan GT, Farine J, Fergani H, Fleurot F, Ford RJ, Formaggio JA, Fowler MM, Gagnon N, Germani JV, Goldschmidt A, Goon JTM, Graham K, Guillian E, Habib S, Hahn RL, Hallin AL, Hallman ED, Hamian AA, Harper GC, Harvey PJ, Hazama R, Heeger KM, Heintzelman WJ, Heise J, Helmer RL, Henning R, Hime A, Howard C, Howe MA, Huang M, Jagam P, Jamieson B, Jelley NA, Keeter KJ, Klein JR, Kormos LL, Kos M, Krüger A, Kraus C, Krauss CB, Kutter T, Kyba CCM, Lange R, Law J, Lawson IT, Lesko KT, Leslie JR, Loach JC, MacLellan R, Majerus S, Mak HB, Maneira J, Martin R, McBryde K, McCauley N, McDonald AB, McGee S, Mifflin C, Miller GG, Miller ML, Monreal B, Monroe J, Morissette B, Myers A, Nickel BG, Noble AJ, Oblath NS, O'Keeffe HM, Ollerhead RW, Gann GDO, Oser SM, Ott RA, Peeters SJM, Poon AWP, Prior G, Reitzner SD, Rielage K, Robertson BC, Robertson RGH, Rollin E, Schwendener MH, Secrest JA, Seibert SR, Simard O, Simpson JJ, Sinclair L, Skensved P, Smith MWE, Steiger TD, Stonehill LC, Tesić G, Thornewell PM, Tolich N, Tsui T, Tunnell CD, Van Wechel T, Van Berg R, VanDevender BA, Virtue CJ, Walker TJ, Wall BL, Waller D, Tseung HWC, Wendland J, West N, Wilhelmy JB, Wilkerson JF, Wilson JR, Wouters JM, Wright A, Yeh M, Zhang F, Zuber K. Independent measurement of the total active 8B solar neutrino flux using an array of 3He proportional counters at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:111301. [PMID: 18851271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of 3He proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (nu_x) 8B solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be 5.54_-0.31;+0.33(stat)-0.34+0.36(syst)x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields Deltam2=7.59_-0.21;+0.19x10(-5) eV2 and theta=34.4_-1.2;+1.3 degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aharmim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Abstract
AIMS To determine whether adiponectin levels are higher in youth with Type 1 diabetes than in non-diabetic controls, and explore potential determinants for this difference. METHODS Data are from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Case-Control Study. A total of 440 youth with Type 1 diabetes and 191 non-diabetic healthy controls age 10-22 years of non-Hispanic White (NHW), African-American (AA) and Hispanic (H) origin were included in this analysis. Mean adiponectin levels were compared between persons with diabetes and controls within each racial/ethnic group, sequentially adjusting for the following variables: demographic (age, sex, Tanner stage), kidney function (albumin: creatinin ratio: ACR), obesity (body mass index: BMI; waist circumference), behavioral (percent calories from fat, physical activity), and glucose control (hemoglobin A1c: HbA(1c)). RESULTS Mean adiponectin levels, adjusted for age, sex and Tanner stage, were higher in persons with Type 1 diabetes than in control subjects, among NHW (17.6 vs 13.0 microg/ml, P < 0.001) and H (17.2 vs 13.0, P = 0.01), and slightly higher but not significantly so among AA (14.5 vs 12.6, P = 0.1). The differences persisted after additionally adjusting for differences in ACR, BMI and waist circumference. We found a positive relationship between adiponectin and HbA(1c) in youth with Type 1 diabetes, even after adjustment for age, sex and race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin is higher in an ethnically diverse group of youth with Type 1 diabetes than in control subjects. The relationship between glycemic control and adiponectin in Type 1 diabetes requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Barnes
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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141
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Sanford SD, Okuma JO, Pan J, Srivastava DK, West N, Farr L, Hinds PS. Gender Differences in Sleep, Fatigue, and Daytime Activity in a Pediatric Oncology Sample Receiving Dexamethasone. J Pediatr Psychol 2007; 33:298-306. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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142
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Baker JN, Hinds PS, Zawistowski CA, Rai S, Ma Y, Althoff J, Smalls A, West N, Kane JR. Effect of race on the quantity and timing of end-of-life discussions in pediatric oncology. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.20004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
20004 Background: Clinicians and parents report that end-of-life (EoL) care discussions and decision making are complex, difficult and affected by personal, family, and disease and treatment factors. The influence of race on EoL discussions and decision making has not been carefully examined in a large pediatric oncology study. The purpose of this study was to assess if race (white, black, Hispanic) influenced the quantity or timing of end-of-life care discussions and decisions. Methods: This abstract represents a retrospective chart review leading to the creation of an EoL database of pediatric oncology patients at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital who died during the time period of July 01, 2001 to February 28, 2005. Eligibility criteria were oncologic diagnosis, and patient age less than 21.99 years of age at the time of death. After strict application of the eligibility criteria, a total of 380 patients met study inclusion criteria. The effect of race on the quantity and timing of EoL discussions and decision making was then analyzed from the database. All extracted data were validated by a different team member as was the accuracy of all entered data. The association of race with other factors was assessed using regression analysis and chi-squared testing statistics. Results: None of the following differed by race: the total number of EoL discussions before an EoL decision was made (p=0.58); the total time from the first such discussion to a specific EoL decision (p=0.23–0.68), the total time from the first discussion to the patient’s death (p=0.105), or having a DNR in place at the time of death (p=0.55). Conclusions: In this cohort of patients from a tertiary referral center, race is not a significant factor on the quantity and timing of EoL discussions and decision making in pediatric oncology patients. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. N. Baker
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - P. S. Hinds
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - C. A. Zawistowski
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - S. Rai
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Y. Ma
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - J. Althoff
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - A. Smalls
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - N. West
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - J. R. Kane
- St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
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143
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Hooper S, Hughes J, Parker D, Finke M, Newcombe RG, Addy M, West N. A clinical study in situ to assess the effect of a food approved polymer on the erosion potential of drinks. J Dent 2007; 35:541-6. [PMID: 17459557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The consumption of acidic soft drinks continues to rise as do concerns regarding effects of frequent intake. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of acidic soft drinks containing food approved polymers, on dental enamel. METHODS The study design was a single blind, randomised, five-treatment crossover clinical trial involving 15 healthy dentate subjects. Subjects wore an upper removable acrylic appliance retaining two enamel specimens and consumed 250ml of beverage four times/day for 10 days. The following beverages were tested: (1) unmodified acidic soft drink, (2) experimental acidic soft drink with 0.02% polyphosphate, (3) experimental acidic soft drink with 0.02% polyphosphate and 0.01% calcium, (4) experimental acidic soft drink with 0.02% polyphosphate and 0.03% xanthan gum, and (5) mineral water. Tissue loss was measured at days 5 and 10 of each study leg using a profilometer. RESULTS The order of erosion from most to least at day 10 was unmodified acidic soft drink>experimental acidic soft drink with polyphosphate>experimental acidic soft drink with polyphosphate+gum>experimental acidic soft drink with polyphosphate+calcium>mineral water. At day 10 the unmodified acidic soft drink was significantly (p=0.001) more erosive than all other drinks. CONCLUSIONS Unmodified acidic soft drink with the addition of polyphosphate alone or combined with calcium or xanthan gum are all effective at reducing erosion of enamel compared with the unmodified soft acidic drink.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hooper
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Bristol Dental School, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
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Michael DG, Adamson P, Alexopoulos T, Allison WWM, Alner GJ, Anderson K, Andreopoulos C, Andrews M, Andrews R, Arms KE, Armstrong R, Arroyo C, Auty DJ, Avvakumov S, Ayres DS, Baller B, Barish B, Barker MA, Barnes PD, Barr G, Barrett WL, Beall E, Becker BR, Belias A, Bergfeld T, Bernstein RH, Bhattacharya D, Bishai M, Blake A, Bocean V, Bock B, Bock GJ, Boehm J, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Border PM, Bower C, Boyd S, Buckley-Geer E, Bungau C, Byon-Wagner A, Cabrera A, Chapman JD, Chase TR, Cherdack D, Chernichenko SK, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Cobb JH, Cossairt JD, Courant H, Crane DA, Culling AJ, Dawson JW, de Jong JK, DeMuth DM, De Santo A, Dierckxsens M, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Drake G, Drakoulakos D, Ducar R, Durkin T, Erwin AR, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Fackler OD, Falk Harris E, Feldman GJ, Felt N, Fields TH, Ford R, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Gebhard M, Giurgiu GA, Godley A, Gogos J, Goodman MC, Gornushkin Y, Gouffon P, Gran R, Grashorn E, Grossman N, Grudzinski JJ, Grzelak K, Guarino V, Habig A, Halsall R, Hanson J, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hartouni EP, Hatcher R, Heller K, Hill N, Ho Y, Holin A, Howcroft C, Hylen J, Ignatenko M, Indurthy D, Irwin GM, Ishitsuka M, Jaffe DE, James C, Jenner L, Jensen D, Joffe-Minor T, Kafka T, Kang HJ, Kasahara SMS, Kilmer J, Kim H, Kim MS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Koskinen DJ, Kostin M, Kotelnikov SK, Krakauer DA, Kreymer A, Kumaratunga S, Ladran AS, Lang K, Laughton C, Lebedev A, Lee R, Lee WY, Libkind MA, Ling J, Liu J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Longley NP, Lucas P, Luebke W, Madani S, Maher E, Makeev V, Mann WA, Marchionni A, Marino AD, Marshak ML, Marshall JS, Mayer N, McDonald J, McGowan AM, Meier JR, Merzon GI, Messier MD, Milburn RH, Miller JL, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mislivec A, Miyagawa PS, Moore CD, Morfín J, Morse R, Mualem L, Mufson S, Murgia S, Murtagh MJ, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson C, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nezrick F, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver J, Oliver WP, Onuchin VA, Osiecki T, Ospanov R, Paley J, Paolone V, Para A, Patzak T, Pavlović Z, Pearce GF, Pearson N, Peck CW, Perry C, Peterson EA, Petyt DA, Ping H, Piteira R, Pittam R, Pla-Dalmau A, Plunkett RK, Price LE, Proga M, Pushka DR, Rahman D, Rameika RA, Raufer TM, Read AL, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Reyna DE, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Ruddick K, Ryabov VA, Saakyan R, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schoessow PV, Schreiner P, Schwienhorst R, Semenov VK, Seun SM, Shanahan P, Shield PD, Smart W, Smirnitsky V, Smith C, Smith PN, Sousa A, Speakman B, Stamoulis P, Stefanik A, Sullivan P, Swan JM, Symes PA, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Terekhov A, Tetteh-Lartey E, Thomas J, Thompson J, Thomson MA, Thron JL, Tinti G, Trendler R, Trevor J, Trostin I, Tsarev VA, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Vakili M, Vaziri K, Velissaris C, Verebryusov V, Viren B, Wai L, Ward CP, Ward DR, Watabe M, Weber A, Webb RC, Wehmann A, West N, White C, White RF, Wojcicki SG, Wright DM, Wu QK, Yan WG, Yang T, Yumiceva FX, Yun JC, Zheng H, Zois M, Zwaska R. Observation of muon neutrino disappearance with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:191801. [PMID: 17155614 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.191801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports results from the MINOS experiment based on its initial exposure to neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI beam. The rates and energy spectra of charged current nu(mu) interactions are compared in two detectors located along the beam axis at distances of 1 and 735 km. With 1.27 x 10(20) 120 GeV protons incident on the NuMI target, 215 events with energies below 30 GeV are observed at the Far Detector, compared to an expectation of 336+/-14 events. The data are consistent with nu(mu) disappearance via oscillations with |Delta(m)2/32|=2.74 +0.44/-0.26 x10(-3)eV(2) and sin(2)(2theta(23))>0.87 (68% C.L.).
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Michael
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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West N, Lacey O. Awake fibrecapnic intubation. Anaesthesia 2006; 61:1011; author reply 1011-2. [PMID: 16978325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2006.04805_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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147
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West N, Haan M. Fasting Insulin and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Older Mexican Americans. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s239-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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148
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Wetton S, Hughes J, West N, Addy M. Exposure Time of Enamel and Dentine to Saliva for Protection against Erosion: A Study in vitro. Caries Res 2006; 40:213-7. [PMID: 16707869 DOI: 10.1159/000092228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2004] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research, mainly on enamel, supports a protective role for salivary pellicle against erosion. Pretreatments have tended to be lengthy (24 h or more) and of questionable relevance to the regular intake of acidic food and drink by many individuals. The aim of this study in vitro was to determine the protective effect of salivary pellicle formed on enamel and dentine over time periods up to 4 h. Flattened, polished human enamel and dentine specimens were pretreated with unstimulated human saliva from a single donor for 2 min, 30 min (enamel only), 1, 2, or 4 h. Controls were exposed to water for the same times. Specimens were then exposed to 0.3% citric acid, pH 3.2 for 10 min with stirring. This cycle was carried out 12 times. Tissue loss was measured by profilometry after 3, 6, 9 and 12 cycles. For enamel, statistically significant protection was found at >or=1 h. For dentine, significant protection was achieved at 2 min. Salivary pellicle offered proportionately greater protection to enamel than dentine. Cautiously extrapolating these in vitro data suggests that pellicle should offer erosion protection to individuals who imbibe acidic drinks at frequencies of 1 h or less.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wetton
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Bristol, Dental School, Bristol, UK
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West N. Bivalirudin: role in current percutaneous coronary intervention practice. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2006; 66:687-9. [PMID: 16417115 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2005.66.12.20208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick West
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester
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150
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Bott S, Lacey A, Elliott T, West N. 399 A descriptive survey designed to assess parents satisfaction with the Cystic Fibrosis annual review process at the Sheffield Children's NHS Trust. J Cyst Fibros 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(06)80339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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