51
|
Ma ES, Chan AY, Ha SY, Lau YL, Chan LC. Thalassemia screening based on red cell indices in the Chinese. Haematologica 2001; 86:1310-1. [PMID: 11726324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
|
52
|
Han SH, Lee WG, Cha KH, Lee TH, Shin DB, Ha SY, Park HG. Clinical Analysis of Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast. Cancer Res Treat 2001; 33:458-62. [PMID: 26680822 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Phyllodes tumors are fibroepithelial mammary lesions that tend to behave in a benign fashion but may undergo sarcomatous transformation. They account for 0.3 to 0.5 percent of all breast tumors. Their behavior is not well understood by many clinicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic finding and treatment modality of 31 patients of phyllodes tumor diagnosed at the Breast Clinic, Gachon Medical School Gil Medical Center between July 1992 and July 2000. RESULTS Pathologically, 6 patients (19.3%) had malignant tumor and 25 patients (80.7%) had benign lesions. All were women with average age of 36 years. The patients with malignant tumors tended to be older and had larger tumors and shorter duration. For preoperative diagnosis, we used mammography, sonography, and MIBI Scintimammography, fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy. All these diagnostic methods suggested the diagnosis of phyllodes tumors in only 8 cases (26%). All patients received surgical treatment: excision in 21 cases, wide excision in 3 cases, simple mastectomy in 5 cases, and simple mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection 2 cases. One patient with malignant tumor, two patients with borderline tumor and three patients with benign tumor experienced recurrence (19.3%). CONCLUSION None of the clinical or radiologic characteristics was useful in predicting for phyllodes tumor. Phyllodes tumors were difficult to make proper preoperative diagnoses and to differ malignant tumor from a benign one. This led to a simple excision and resulted in high local recurrence. We suggest that the initial or subsequent wide excision is an appropriate surgery to decrease the recurrence.
Collapse
|
53
|
Ma SK, Wan TS, Cheuk AT, Fung LF, Chan GC, Chan SY, Ha SY, Chan LC. Characterization of additional genetic events in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with TEL/AML1 gene fusion: a molecular cytogenetics study. Leukemia 2001; 15:1442-7. [PMID: 11516105 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2000] [Accepted: 05/02/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
TEL/AML1 gene fusion that results from a cryptic t(12;21) is the most common genetic aberration in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). While the translocation may initiate the leukemic process, critical secondary genetic events are currently believed to be pivotal for leukemogenesis. We investigated 12 cases of childhood ALL with TEL/AML1 gene fusion by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and documented additional or secondary genetic changes in seven patients (58%). Three patients showed extra copies of chromosome 21 including a case in which the trisomy 21 (+21) clone was distinct from the one harboring TEL/AML1 gene fusion. Interestingly, one patient without +21 showed amplification of the AML1 gene on chromosome 21q, supporting the contention that AML1 amplification may be an important additional genetic event. Gene expression study by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in two of these four patients showed an increase in AML1 transcripts that paralleled the increase in gene copy number. Deletion of the normal TEL allele was detected in two patients, with one of them showing loss of chromosome 12 together with duplication of the der(12)t(12;21). Finally, one patient showed duplication of the fusion signal. Our findings confirm that additional or secondary genetic changes including AML1 amplification are commonly encountered in childhood ALL with TEL/AML1 gene fusion, which are envisaged to play significant roles in disease progression.
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhou X, Ha SY, Chan GC, Luk CW, Chan V, Hawkins B, Lam YH, Liang RH, Lau YL. Successful mismatched sibling cord blood transplant in Hb Bart's disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 28:105-7. [PMID: 11498754 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2001] [Accepted: 04/30/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 20-month-old girl with Hb Bart's disease, who had survived neonatal complications, underwent HLA-DR antigen mismatched sibling cord blood transplantation successfully. Immune thrombocytopenia, which occurred around 2.5 months after transplant, responded to intravenous gamma-globulin. The fetal hemoglobin level rose to a peak of 52.3% on day +69 post transplant and declined gradually during the following year. Ten percent of hemoglobin Bart's was detected 2 months after transplant and this reflects the alpha-thalassemia trait of the donor.
Collapse
|
55
|
Ho HK, Ha SY, Lam CK, Chan GC, Lee TL, Chiang AK, Lau YL. Alloimmunization in Hong Kong southern Chinese transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients. Blood 2001; 97:3999-4000. [PMID: 11405212 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.12.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
56
|
Ha SY, Cho HI, Oh YH, Lee JM, Suh KS. Cytologic and histologic correlation of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:214-9. [PMID: 11306750 PMCID: PMC3054719 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.2.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the cytologic and histologic correlation of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) in Papanicolaou smears, a cytology file from January 1998 to May 1999 was reviewed. Surgical pathology files were searched to determine which patients received subsequent biopsies. One hundred thirty-two patients with AGUS were identified. Corresponding biopsies were available for 82 of these cases. AGUS has been sub-classified into 3 subtypes: 1) AGUS, favor reactive; 2) AGUS, not otherwise specified; and 3) AGUS, favor neoplasia. The pathologic findings for the respective Papanicolaou smears with the diagnosis of each subtype of AGUS through the follow-up period were as follows: benign lesions in 56.1%, 0%, and 1.2%; squamous intraepithelial lesions 2.4%, 0%, and 1.2%; glandular intraepithelial lesions 0%, 0%, and 17.1%; endometrial simple hyperplasia 1.2%, 0%, and 0%; and carcinoma 0%, 9.8%, and 11%, respectively. In conclusion, AGUS, on cervical cytologic screening, was correlated with significant pathologic findings in 41.5% of the patients (37.8% with preinvasive or invasive glandular lesions and 9.6% with combined squamous intraepithelial lesions). It is thought that intensive follow-up studies, including colposcopy, cervical biopsy, and curettage, should be recommended for complete evaluation of AGUS.
Collapse
|
57
|
Chan LC, Ma SK, Chan AY, Ha SY, Waye JS, Lau YL, Chui DH. Should we screen for globin gene mutations in blood samples with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) greater than 80 fL in areas with a high prevalence of thalassaemia? J Clin Pathol 2001; 54:317-20. [PMID: 11304851 PMCID: PMC1731396 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.54.4.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether it is worthwhile, in areas where thalassaemia is common, to screen for globin gene mutations in subjects with a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) above 80 fL, especially in partners of known thalassaemia carriers. METHODS Blood samples from 95 subjects with MCV between 80 and 85 fL were screened for the presence of alpha globin gene mutations and the haemoglobin (Hb) E mutation. RESULTS Thirty four subjects harboured globin gene mutations. Of these, 31 had deletions of one alpha globin gene, one had Hb Constant Spring, and three had Hb E mutations. CONCLUSION Based on the above figures and known prevalence rates of thalassaemia carriers, it would seem worthwhile to screen for globin gene mutations in partners of known thalassaemia carriers, regardless of MCV, to identify pregnancies at risk of Hb H disease or Hb E/beta thalassaemia.
Collapse
|
58
|
Chan GC, Ha SY, Lau YL, Chan KL, Tam PK, Cheung A. Linitis plastica presenting as malignant ascites. MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY 2001; 36:408-9. [PMID: 11241451 DOI: 10.1002/mpo.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
59
|
Ma SK, Wan TS, Chan GC, Ha SY, Fung LF, Chan LC. Relationship between transient abnormal myelopoiesis and acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia in Down's syndrome. Br J Haematol 2001; 112:824-5. [PMID: 11260090 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
60
|
Yang DM, Yoon MH, Kim HS, Oh YH, Ha SY, Oh JH, Chung HS, Kim HS. Presacral epidermoid cyst: imaging findings with histopathologic correlation. ABDOMINAL IMAGING 2001; 26:79-82. [PMID: 11116367 DOI: 10.1007/s002610000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the imaging characteristics of presacral epidermoid cysts and correlate the imaging findings with the histopathologic findings. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed sonographic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance examinations in four consecutive patients with a pathologically proven presacral epidermoid cyst. Imaging findings of the presacral epidermoid cyst were correlated with the histopathologic findings. RESULTS In all four patients, sonography showed a presacral mass with a heterogeneous low echogenicity, and computed tomography showed a discrete well-defined hypodense presacral mass with a thin wall. In the three patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging, the mass showed a heterogeneous low signal intensity on the T1-weighted image and a high signal intensity with multiple small foci of low signal intensity in the nondependent portion of the mass on the T2-weighted image. These imaging findings correlated well with the pathologic results. Aggregates of keratinous material contributed to these imaging findings. CONCLUSION In the diagnosis of the presacral epidermoid cyst, sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings may be helpful.
Collapse
|
61
|
Ma SK, Ha SY, Chan AY, Chan GC, Lau YL, Chan LC. Two novel beta-thalassemia alleles in the Chinese: the IVS-II-2 (-T) and nucleotide +8 (C-->T) beta-globin gene mutations. Hemoglobin 2000; 24:327-32. [PMID: 11186264 DOI: 10.3109/03630260008993141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
62
|
Chiang AK, Chan GC, Ma SK, Ng YK, Ha SY, Lau YL. Disseminated fungal infection associated with myeloperoxidase deficiency in a premature neonate. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000; 19:1027-9. [PMID: 11055615 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-200010000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
63
|
Chan GC, Ma SK, Ha SY, Chan LC, Lau YL. Childhood essential thrombocythaemia without evidence of myeloproliferation: how many investigations should be done? Br J Haematol 2000; 110:1002. [PMID: 11054096 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
64
|
Chen FE, Ooi C, Ha SY, Cheung BM, Todd D, Liang R, Chan TK, Chan V. Genetic and clinical features of hemoglobin H disease in Chinese patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 343:544-50. [PMID: 10954762 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200008243430804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normally, one pair of each of the two alpha-globin genes, alpha1 and alpha2, resides on each copy of chromosome 16. In hemoglobin H disease, three of these four alpha-globin genes are affected by a deletion, a mutation, or both. We studied the alpha1-globin gene abnormalities and the clinical and hematologic features of Chinese patients with hemoglobin H disease in Hong Kong. METHODS We assessed the clinical features, hematologic values, serum ferritin levels, and liver function of 114 patients with hemoglobin H disease. We also performed echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver and examined the two pairs of alpha-globin genes. RESULTS Hemoglobin H disease in 87 of the 114 patients (76 percent) was due to the deletion of three of the four alpha-globin genes (--/-alpha), a combination termed the deletional type of hemoglobin H. The remaining 27 patients (24 percent) had the nondeletional type of hemoglobin H disease, in which two alpha-globin genes are deleted and a third is mutated (--/alphaalphaT). All 87 patients with the deletional type of hemoglobin H were double heterozygotes in whom there was a deletion of both alpha-globin genes from one chromosome, plus a deletion of the alpha1 or alpha2 gene from the other chromosome (--/alpha- or --/-alpha). A variety of mutated alpha-globin genes was found in the patients with nondeletional type of hemoglobin H disease. Patients with the nondeletional type of the H disease had more symptoms at a younger age, more severe hemolytic anemia, and larger spleens and were more likely to require transfusions than patients with deletional hemoglobin H disease. The severity of iron overload was not related to the genotype. CONCLUSIONS Chinese patients in Hong Kong with the nondeletional type of hemoglobin H disease have more severe disease than those with the deletional type of the disease. Iron overload is a major cause of disability in both forms of the disease.
Collapse
|
65
|
Wan TS, Ma SK, Ching LM, Chan LC, Chan GC, Ha SY. Translocation (1;13)(p34;q32) in childhood pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2000; 121:107-8. [PMID: 10991621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
66
|
Ma SK, Cheung AN, Choy C, Chan GC, Ha SY, Ching LM, Wan TS, Chan LC. Cytogenetic characterization of childhood hepatoblastoma. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2000; 119:32-6. [PMID: 10812168 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe the cytogenetic abnormalities in two cases of childhood hepatoblastoma. The first case was of fetal histology with squamous metaplasia, and cytogenetic study showed an add(5)(q31). Although an association between hepatoblastoma and familial adenomatous polyposis is recognized, the breakpoint in this case is distal to 5q21 and most probably does not involve the APC gene at that location. The second case was of macrotrabecular histology, and cytogenetic study showed an unbalanced translocation in the form of der(4)t(1;4)(q12;q34) in a hyperdiploid clone. Including our case, der(4)t(1;4)(q12;q34) has been recognized in four cases of hepatoblastoma, and it may be the first recurrent translocation in this tumor. Understanding the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of this translocation awaits analysis of more cases.
Collapse
|
67
|
Wan TS, Ma SK, Chan GC, Ching LM, Ha SY, Chan LC. Complex cytogenetic abnormalities in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma: resolution by spectral karyotyping. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2000; 118:24-7. [PMID: 10731586 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) in a 13-year-old boy in which conventional cytogenetic analysis of lymph node tissue showed complex karyotypic aberrations including add(1p), add(2q), and multiple chromosomal deletions involving 5q, 7p, 7q, 13q, and 16q. Analysis by spectral karyotyping (SKY) refined add(1p) to a paracentric inversion of 1p, and add(2q) to an unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 2 and 4. The chromosomal deletions were simple deletions except del(5q), which was confirmed by SKY to be a cryptic unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 5 and 18. The present report illustrates that SKY technology is useful in identifying subtle translocations and resolving complex karyotypic aberrations in neoplastic disorders.
Collapse
|
68
|
So CW, Ma SK, Wan TS, Chan GC, Ha SY, Chan LC. Analysis of MLL-derived transcripts in infant acute monocytic leukemia with a complex translocation (1;11;4)(q21;q23;p16). CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2000; 117:24-7. [PMID: 10700861 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed, on the basis of cytogenetic studies and molecular analysis of MLL-derived transcripts in acute leukemia with 11q23 rearrangement, that only one fusion gene transcript present on the der(11) chromosome is critical for leukemogenesis. This view is challenged by a recent observation in a case of leukemia with a complex translocation that results in MLL being fused in-frame to two different partner genes. We investigated a case of infant monocytic leukemia with a complex translocation, (1;11;4)(q21;q23;p16). Molecular studies revealed MLL rearrangement by both fluorescence in situ hybridization and Southern blot analysis, and MLL/AF1q, but not the reciprocal message (i.e., AF1q/MLL), was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis of MLL/AF1q revealed an in-frame fusion between MLL exon 6 and the breakpoint located six bases upstream of the ATG start site for AF1q. Our data suggest that only one form of MLL fusion gene is implicated in leukemogenesis in our case to t(1;11;4).
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4
- DNA Primers
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Female
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
- Humans
- Infant
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/therapy
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein
- Proto-Oncogenes
- Transcription Factors
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
|
69
|
Chan GC, Ma SK, Ha SY, Sriastava G, Wan TS, Kwong DL, Chan LC, Lau YL. Biphenotypic lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a balanced translocation t(1;9)(p10;q10): unusual presentation with poor outcome. MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY 1999; 32:450-2. [PMID: 10358707 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(199906)32:6<450::aid-mpo13>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
70
|
Lau YL, Ha SY, Chan CF, Lee AC, Liang RH, Yuen HL. Bone marrow transplant for dyskeratosis congenita. Br J Haematol 1999; 105:571. [PMID: 10233444 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1999.01437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
71
|
Cho H, Ha SY, Park SH, Park K, Chae YS. Role of p53 gene mutation in tumor aggressiveness of intracranial meningiomas. J Korean Med Sci 1999; 14:199-205. [PMID: 10331568 PMCID: PMC3054365 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.1999.14.2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutations that occur in the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been studied in various human malignant tumors. However, little is known about this gene in meningiomas. To investigate the relationship and frequency of p53 gene mutations, the p53 polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemical study were performed on the 41 intracranial meningiomas (21 benign, 11 atypical, and 9 malignant). The higher the p53 protein expression rate, the poorer the histologic grade (9.5%, 72.7%, and 88.9% in benign, atypical and malignant meningioma, respectively) (p=0.000). The p53 protein expression rate was higher in recurrent meningioma (71.4%) than in nonrecurrent meningioma (10.5%) (p=0.002). PCR-SSCP method was performed in positive p53 protein immunoreactivity cases. p53 gene mutation rate was higher in the atypical (62.5%) and malignant (25%) meningiomas than in the benign meningioma (0%) (p=0.232). Also, the rate was higher in recurrent menigioma (20%) than in nonrecurrent meningioma (0%) (o=0.495). Among five to eight exons of the p53 gene, the mutation was observed on exon 7 more frequently. In conclusion, p53 immunoreactivity and p53 gene mutation are closely correlated with histologic grade and histologic atypia of intracranial meningiomas. p53 gene mutation would be considered as a useful marker to detect the progression of intracranial meningiomas.
Collapse
|
72
|
Ma SK, Chan GC, Wan TS, Lam CK, Ha SY, Lau YL, Chan LC. Near-haploid common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood with a second hyperdiploid line: a DNA ploidy and fluorescence in-situ hybridization study. Br J Haematol 1998; 103:750-5. [PMID: 9858226 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1998.01044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Near-haploidy is a rare cytogenetic finding in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and is associated with a poor prognosis. A second hyperdiploid line, occurring presumably by endoreduplication of the near-haploid stemline, is often observed. We present a case of common ALL in relapse characterized morphologically by a dual population of small and large lymphoblasts. Cytogenetic analysis supplemented with fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) studies localized near-haploidy and hyperdiploidy to the small and large blast population respectively. DNA ploidy determination confirmed two abnormal clones with near-haploidy as the predominant one. A novel t(9;12)(q11;q13) was present in the near-haploid clone and was duplicated in the hyperdiploid clone. This finding identified cells bearing near-haploidy to be the clonogenic population following malignant transformation and confirmed endoreduplication as the mechanism for the presence of associated hyperdiploidy.
Collapse
|
73
|
Lau YL, Ma ES, Ha SY, Chan GC, Chiu D, Tang M, Hawkins BR, Chan V, Liang RH. Sibling HLA-matched cord blood transplant for beta-thalassemia: report of two cases, expression of fetal hemoglobin, and review of the literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1998; 20:477-81. [PMID: 9787324 DOI: 10.1097/00043426-199809000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A program of cord blood stem cell (CBSC) transplants for patients with beta-thalassemia major was initiated in conjunction with the prenatal diagnostic service in 1994. Two patients who received HLA-matched related CBSC transplants with posttransplant fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression are described and the literature is reviewed. PATIENTS AND METHODS After screening 12 pregnancies, matched sibling CBSC transplants were performed for 2 girls with beta-thalassemia major when they were 3.8 and 2.2 years old, respectively. Their HbF was assayed serially. RESULTS The nucleated cell counts/kg were 11.4 x 10(7) and 6.2 x 10(7), which engrafted on days 19 and 24, respectively. The children are now transfusion-independent at 3 years and 1.2 years posttransplant. Their HbF levels showed a rapid rise posttransplant and reached peak levels of 37.2% and 42.2% on day 83 and day 88, respectively. The HbF levels declined to 1.0% and 3.8% on day 581 and day 305, respectively. Nine other sibling CBSC transplants for thalassemias have been reported with an engraftment rate of approximately 50%. Graft rejection was related to insufficient CBSC number in one. CONCLUSIONS HbF levels in patients with beta-thalassemia major after CBSC transplants could be influenced by many factors, including reactivation of HbF synthesis, intrinsic rate of Hb switching of CBSC, and mixed chimerism.
Collapse
|
74
|
Low CK, Kwan YW, Cheung PT, Li MC, Ha SY, Lau YL, Karlberg J. The effect of platyspondyly and pubertal growth spurt on the stature of patients with beta-thalassaemia major. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998; 111:731-5. [PMID: 11245030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of the body proportion and pubertal growth spurt on the stature of children with beta-thalassaemia major. METHODS The height, sitting height, upper to lower segment (U:L) ratio and pubertal development were determined in 71 Chinese children (38 girls and 33 boys) with beta-thalassaemia. The growth patterns of 20 patients with complete growth data between 3 years and final height, were analyzed according to whether they underwent a pubertal growth spurt or not. RESULTS 27% of the boys and 32% of the girls had a height below the 3rd percentile. About 60% of all the children had a U:L ratio below the 10th percentile for age. Abnormal body proportion was found in patients with or without growth retardation. 34% of the 41 children over the age of 14 years underwent spontaneous puberty. In 28 patients over the age of 16 years, a growth spurt was observed in 46% of the children during spontaneous or induced puberty. The retrospective analysis showed that the height deviation from the mean in adulthood was significantly higher in patients without pubertal growth acceleration than in those with a growth spurt (x = -11.8 cm, s = 7.6 cm vs x = -4.4 cm, s = 4.4 cm; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS An abnormal U:L ratio was commonly observed in patients with beta-thalassaemia major and may be one factor contributing to the short stature of these patients. Abnormal puberty was present in a significant proportion of children and the lack of a pubertal growth spurt was found to be detrimental to adult height.
Collapse
|
75
|
Kwong DL, Ha SY, Chau KY, Choi PH, Chan GC, Kwong PW, Lau YL. Multidisciplinary management of osteosarcoma: experience in Hong Kong. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1998; 15:229-36. [PMID: 9615320 DOI: 10.3109/08880019809028789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
All pediatric osteosarcomas treated in our hospital between 1985 and 1995 were reviewed. There were 26 patients, 15 males and 11 females, aged 20 or less at diagnosis. All had limb primaries. Nineteen patients had localized disease and seven presented with metastases. Intensive multiagent chemotherapy was given both pre- and postoperatively. Most patients were treated with the Rosen T10 regimen or its modifications. Only one patient had limb salvage surgery; all others had amputation. With a median follow-up of 74 months, the 5-year disease-free survival among patients with localized disease was 65.2%. Being female and having a high 6-hour postinfusion methotrexate level with a median level greater than 700 mumol/L were good prognostic factors. Three of the seven patients with metastatic disease were alive at 21, 26, and 140 months after diagnosis. All of them had lung secondaries. Survival rates achieved in our center were comparable to those reported in literature. However, our amputation rate was high and further development in expertise for limb salvage treatment is a goal.
Collapse
|