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Petersen T, Fuchs J, Bremicker K, Maiwald B, Kahn T, Moche M. Selektive Embolisation aortaler Seitenäste vor EVAR als Strategie zur Verhinderung relevanter Typ 2 Endoleaks. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Buttery AK, Du Y, Busch MA, Fuchs J, Gaertner B, Knopf H, Scheidt-Nave C. Changes in physical functioning among men and women aged 50-79 years in Germany: an analysis of National Health Interview and Examination Surveys, 1997-1999 and 2008-2011. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16:205. [PMID: 27908276 PMCID: PMC5134286 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examines changes in physical functioning among adults aged 50-79 years in Germany based on data from two German National Health Interview and Examination Surveys conducted in 1997–1999 (GNHIES98) and 2008–2011 (DEGS1). Methods Using cross-sectional data from the two surveys (GNHIES98, n = 2884 and DEGS1, n = 3732), we examined changes in self-reported physical functioning scores (Short Form-36 physical functioning subscale (SF-36 PF)) by sex and age groups (50–64 and 65–79 years). Covariables included educational level, living alone, nine chronic diseases, polypharmacy (≥5 prescribed medicines), body mass index, sports activity, smoking and alcohol consumption. Multimorbidity was defined as ≥2 chronic diseases. Multivariable models were fitted to examine consistency of changes in physical functioning among certain subgroups and to assess changes in mean SF-36 PF scores, adjusting for changes in covariables between surveys. Results Mean physical functioning increased among adults aged 50–79 years between surveys in unadjusted analyses, but this change was not as marked among men aged 65–79 years who experienced rising obesity (20.6 to 31.5%, p = 0.004) and diabetes (13.0 to 20.0%, p = 0.014). Prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy use increased among men and women aged 65–79 years. In sex and age specific multivariable analyses, changes in physical functioning over time were consistent across subgroups. Gains in physical functioning were explained by improved education, lower body mass index and improved health-related behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, sports activity) in women, but less so among men. Conclusions Physical functioning improved in Germany among adults aged 50–79 years. Improvements in the population 65–79 years were less evident among men than women, despite increases in multimorbidity prevalence among both sexes. Changes in health behaviours over time differed between sexes and help explain variations in physical functioning. Targeted health behaviour interventions are indicated from this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0377-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Filippov ED, Pikuz SA, Skobelev IY, Ryazantsev SN, Higginson DP, Khaghani D, Revet G, Chen SN, Fuchs J. Parameters of supersonic astrophysically-relevant plasma jets collimating via poloidal magnetic field measured by x-ray spectroscopy method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/774/1/012114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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79
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Fuchs J, Gärtner B, Gößwald A, Grube M, Kamtsiuris P, Sassenroth D, Schmich P, Wetzstein M, Scheidt-Nave C. Gesund älter werden in Deutschland – Entwicklung eines Rahmenkonzepts zur Erweiterung des Indikatoren-gestützten Gesundheitsmonitorings in Deutschland für die Bevölkerung ab 65 Jahren am Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) – Projektbeschreibung und Netzwerkaufbau. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1586576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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80
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Heim N, Faron A, Fuchs J, Martini M, Reich RH, Löffler K. Die Lesbarkeit von onlinebasierten Patienteninformationen in der Augenheilkunde. Ophthalmologe 2016; 114:450-456. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-016-0367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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81
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Chen SN, Gauthier M, Bazalova-Carter M, Bolanos S, Glenzer S, Riquier R, Revet G, Antici P, Morabito A, Propp A, Starodubtsev M, Fuchs J. Absolute dosimetric characterization of Gafchromic EBT3 and HDv2 films using commercial flat-bed scanners and evaluation of the scanner response function variability. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:073301. [PMID: 27475550 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiochromic films (RCF) are commonly used in dosimetry for a wide range of radiation sources (electrons, protons, and photons) for medical, industrial, and scientific applications. They are multi-layered, which includes plastic substrate layers and sensitive layers that incorporate a radiation-sensitive dye. Quantitative dose can be retrieved by digitizing the film, provided that a prior calibration exists. Here, to calibrate the newly developed EBT3 and HDv2 RCFs from Gafchromic™, we used the Stanford Medical LINAC to deposit in the films various doses of 10 MeV photons, and by scanning the films using three independent EPSON Precision 2450 scanners, three independent EPSON V750 scanners, and two independent EPSON 11000XL scanners. The films were scanned in separate RGB channels, as well as in black and white, and film orientation was varied. We found that the green channel of the RGB scan and the grayscale channel are in fact quite consistent over the different models of the scanner, although this comes at the cost of a reduction in sensitivity (by a factor ∼2.5 compared to the red channel). To allow any user to extend the absolute calibration reported here to any other scanner, we furthermore provide a calibration curve of the EPSON 2450 scanner based on absolutely calibrated, commercially available, optical density filters.
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Charles J, Fuchs J, Hefter M, Vischedyk J, Kleint M, Vogiatzi F, Nist A, Timofeev O, Wanzel M, Stiewe T. Monitoring the dynamics of clonal tumor evolution in vivo using secreted luciferases. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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83
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Stango MJ, Schmid E, Warmann S, Handgretinger R, Fuchs J. Detection of biomarkers in blood macrophages via EDIM blood test in nephroblastoma patients. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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84
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Schmid E, Stango MJ, Schleicher S, Handgretinger R, Seitz G, Fuchs J. Antitumor activity of Zerumbone in rhabdomyosarcoma. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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85
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Schmidt YM, Schmid E, Stango MJ, Fuchs J, Warmann S. Sildenafil potentiates the cytostatic effect of doxorubicin in pediatric epithelial liver tumors. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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86
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Newman RH, Franich RA, Meder R, Hill SJ, Kroese H, Sandquist D, Hindmarsh JP, Schmid MW, Fuchs J, Behr VC. Proton magnetic resonance imaging used to investigate dewatering of green sapwood by cycling carbon dioxide between supercritical fluid and gas phase. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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87
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Chen SN, Iwawaki T, Morita K, Antici P, Baton SD, Filippi F, Habara H, Nakatsutsumi M, Nicolaï P, Nazarov W, Rousseaux C, Starodubstev M, Tanaka KA, Fuchs J. Density and temperature characterization of long-scale length, near-critical density controlled plasma produced from ultra-low density plastic foam. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21495. [PMID: 26923471 PMCID: PMC4770428 DOI: 10.1038/srep21495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to produce long-scale length (i.e. millimeter scale-length), homogeneous plasmas is of interest in studying a wide range of fundamental plasma processes. We present here a validated experimental platform to create and diagnose uniform plasmas with a density close or above the critical density. The target consists of a polyimide tube filled with an ultra low-density plastic foam where it was heated by x-rays, produced by a long pulse laser irradiating a copper foil placed at one end of the tube. The density and temperature of the ionized foam was retrieved by using x-ray radiography and proton radiography was used to verify the uniformity of the plasma. Plasma temperatures of 5-10 eV and densities around 10(21) cm(-3) are measured. This well-characterized platform of uniform density and temperature plasma is of interest for experiments using large-scale laser platforms conducting High Energy Density Physics investigations.
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Lancia L, Giribono A, Vassura L, Chiaramello M, Riconda C, Weber S, Castan A, Chatelain A, Frank A, Gangolf T, Quinn MN, Fuchs J, Marquès JR. Signatures of the Self-Similar Regime of Strongly Coupled Stimulated Brillouin Scattering for Efficient Short Laser Pulse Amplification. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:075001. [PMID: 26943539 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.075001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-based laser amplification is considered as a possible way to overcome the technological limits of present day laser systems and achieve exawatt laser pulses. Efficient amplification of a picosecond laser pulse by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of a pump pulse in a plasma requires to reach the self-similar regime of the strongly coupled (SC) SBS. In this Letter, we report on the first observation of the signatures of the transition from linear to self-similar regimes of SC-SBS, so far only predicted by theory and simulations. With a new fully head-on collision geometry, subpicosecond pulses are amplified by a factor of 5 with energy transfers of few tens of mJ. We observe pulse shortening, frequency spectrum broadening, and down-shifting for increasing gain, signatures of SC-SBS amplification entering the self-similar regime. This is also confirmed by the power law dependence of the gain on the amplification length: doubling the interaction length increases the gain by a factor 1.4. Pump backward Raman scattering (BRS) on SC-SBS amplification has been measured for the first time, showing a strong decrease of the BRS amplitude and frequency bandwidth when SBS seed amplification occurs.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment results of Wilms tumors have been impressively improved over the past 50 years resulting in a stage-independent overall survival of greater than 90%. However, unsatisfying treatment results still remain in children with high-risk tumors and tumor relapses. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review highlights the current concepts of Wilms tumor surgery as a cornerstone of the treatment strategy for this malignancy. A selective literature review focusing on the past 5 years served as the basis for this article. RESULTS Nephron-sparing surgery is associated with an analogue outcome compared to tumor nephrectomy in unilateral Wilms tumors. The surgical panel of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) group has recently introduced a novel nomenclature for organ-preserving resection procedures in order to facilitate a prospective comparison of data. The minimally invasive approach represents an alternative technique with adequate outcome. In bilateral disease, nephron-sparing procedures are gold standard. Complete resection of lung and liver metastases has a significant impact on patients' survival. CONCLUSIONS Surgical guidelines for nephron-sparing surgery and minimally invasive tumor nephrectomy need to be established and implemented within newly formulated treatment protocols of the different national and international treatment trials. Risk stratification of patients needs to be more individualized with the aim of reducing late effects while at least maintaining the same survival rates. The unsatisfying treatment results of tumor relapses-associated with low patient numbers within the different trials-emphasize the need for international collaboration.
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Putzer D, Fuchs J, Coraça-Huber D, Christoph A, Liebensteiner M, Nogler M. BAG-S53P4 as an additive to bone allografts: A laboratory study using an uniaxial compression test. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:1875-9. [PMID: 26016590 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We want to address the clinical issue of too sparse supply of allograft in total hip replacement and ambitions of controlling the grain size distribution. Bioglass BAG-S53P4 was evaluated as a bone graft additive to chemically treated allografts with controlled grain size distribution. Allografts were chemically cleaned (CG) and mixed with BAG-S53P4 additive (BG) for comparison. All samples were compacted with a dropped weight apparatus and then underwent a uniaxial compression test. The yield limit was determined by a uniaxial compression test and density was recorded while flowability was calculated. There was no difference between the yield stress limit of BG and CG after compaction (p=0.432). Adding BAG-S53P4 reduced flowability and could indicate better interlocking mechanism between particles. Adding BAG-S53P4 seems to have no impact on the yield stress limit. The extended allografts withstand the compaction equally good which makes it a valid bone substitute in total hip replacement. An in vivo loaded study is needed before clinical use can be recommended.
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Wang W, Haberer G, Gundlach H, Gläßer C, Nussbaumer T, Luo MC, Lomsadze A, Borodovsky M, Kerstetter RA, Shanklin J, Byrant DW, Mockler TC, Appenroth KJ, Grimwood J, Jenkins J, Chow J, Choi C, Adam C, Cao XH, Fuchs J, Schubert I, Rokhsar D, Schmutz J, Michael TP, Mayer KFX, Messing J. The Spirodela polyrhiza genome reveals insights into its neotenous reduction fast growth and aquatic lifestyle. Nat Commun 2015; 5:3311. [PMID: 24548928 PMCID: PMC3948053 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The subfamily of the Lemnoideae belongs to a different order than other monocotyledonous species that have been sequenced and comprises aquatic plants that grow rapidly on the water surface. Here we select Spirodela polyrhiza for whole-genome sequencing. We show that Spirodela has a genome with no signs of recent retrotranspositions but signatures of two ancient whole-genome duplications, possibly 95 million years ago (mya), older than those in Arabidopsis and rice. Its genome has only 19,623 predicted protein-coding genes, which is 28% less than the dicotyledonous Arabidopsis thaliana and 50% less than monocotyledonous rice. We propose that at least in part, the neotenous reduction of these aquatic plants is based on readjusted copy numbers of promoters and repressors of the juvenile-to-adult transition. The Spirodela genome, along with its unique biology and physiology, will stimulate new insights into environmental adaptation, ecology, evolution and plant development, and will be instrumental for future bioenergy applications. Spirodela, or duckweed, is a basal monocotyledonous plant with both pharmaceutical and commercial value. Here, the authors sequence the genome of Spirodela polyrhiza, suggesting its genome has evolved by neotenous reduction and clonal propagation, and provide a platform for future comparative genomic studies in angiosperms.
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92
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Höhn K, Fuchs J, Fröber A, Kirmse R, Glass B, Anders-Össwein M, Walther P, Kräusslich HG, Dietrich C. Preservation of protein fluorescence in embedded human dendritic cells for targeted 3D light and electron microscopy. J Microsc 2015; 259:121-128. [PMID: 25786567 PMCID: PMC4757415 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a correlative microscopy workflow to combine detailed 3D fluorescence light microscopy data with ultrastructural information gained by 3D focused ion beam assisted scanning electron microscopy. The workflow is based on an optimized high pressure freezing/freeze substitution protocol that preserves good ultrastructural detail along with retaining the fluorescence signal in the resin embedded specimens. Consequently, cellular structures of interest can readily be identified and imaged by state of the art 3D confocal fluorescence microscopy and are precisely referenced with respect to an imprinted coordinate system on the surface of the resin block. This allows precise guidance of the focused ion beam assisted scanning electron microscopy and limits the volume to be imaged to the structure of interest. This, in turn, minimizes the total acquisition time necessary to conduct the time consuming ultrastructural scanning electron microscope imaging while eliminating the risk to miss parts of the target structure. We illustrate the value of this workflow for targeting virus compartments, which are formed in HIV-pulsed mature human dendritic cells.
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93
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Higginson DP, Vassura L, Gugiu MM, Antici P, Borghesi M, Brauckmann S, Diouf C, Green A, Palumbo L, Petrascu H, Sofia S, Stardubtsev M, Willi O, Kar S, Negoita F, Fuchs J. Temporal Narrowing of Neutrons Produced by High-Intensity Short-Pulse Lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:054802. [PMID: 26274423 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.054802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The production of neutron beams having short temporal duration is studied using ultraintense laser pulses. Laser-accelerated protons are spectrally filtered using a laser-triggered microlens to produce a short duration neutron pulse via nuclear reactions induced in a converter material (LiF). This produces a ∼3 ns duration neutron pulse with 10(4) n/MeV/sr/shot at 0.56 m from the laser-irradiated proton source. The large spatial separation between the neutron production and the proton source allows for shielding from the copious and undesirable radiation resulting from the laser-plasma interaction. This neutron pulse compares favorably to the duration of conventional accelerator sources and should scale up with, present and future, higher energy laser facilities to produce brighter and shorter neutron beams for ultrafast probing of dense materials.
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Schmid E, Yang J, Lang F, Seitz G, Fuchs J. Pivotal Role of the Serum- and Glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 in Rhabdomyosarcoma. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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95
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Mirfayzi SR, Kar S, Ahmed H, Krygier AG, Green A, Alejo A, Clarke R, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Jung D, Kleinschmidt A, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Nakamura H, Norreys P, Oliver M, Roth M, Vassura L, Zepf M, Borghesi M. Calibration of time of flight detectors using laser-driven neutron source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:073308. [PMID: 26233373 DOI: 10.1063/1.4923088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Calibration of three scintillators (EJ232Q, BC422Q, and EJ410) in a time-of-flight arrangement using a laser drive-neutron source is presented. The three plastic scintillator detectors were calibrated with gamma insensitive bubble detector spectrometers, which were absolutely calibrated over a wide range of neutron energies ranging from sub-MeV to 20 MeV. A typical set of data obtained simultaneously by the detectors is shown, measuring the neutron spectrum emitted from a petawatt laser irradiated thin foil.
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96
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Lange C, Jentsch F, Allen J, Hoebel J, Kratz AL, von der Lippe E, Muters S, Schmich P, Thelen J, Wetzstein M, Fuchs J, Ziese T. Data Resource Profile: German Health Update (GEDA)--the health interview survey for adults in Germany. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 44:442-50. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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97
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Voigt P, Fuchs J, Petersen T, Flanagan R, Pollari M, Payne S, Fütterer J, Portugaller H, Fischer S, Zangos S, Kahn T, Kolesnik M, Moche M. Die Entwicklung eines Simulationstools zur klinischen Anwendung bei bildgestützten perkutanen Tumorablationen – das GoSmart-Projekt. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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98
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Albertazzi B, d'Humières E, Lancia L, Dervieux V, Antici P, Böcker J, Bonlie J, Breil J, Cauble B, Chen SN, Feugeas JL, Nakatsutsumi M, Nicolaï P, Romagnani L, Shepherd R, Sentoku Y, Swantusch M, Tikhonchuk VT, Borghesi M, Willi O, Pépin H, Fuchs J. A compact broadband ion beam focusing device based on laser-driven megagauss thermoelectric magnetic fields. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:043502. [PMID: 25933857 DOI: 10.1063/1.4917273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-intense lasers can nowadays routinely accelerate kiloampere ion beams. These unique sources of particle beams could impact many societal (e.g., proton-therapy or fuel recycling) and fundamental (e.g., neutron probing) domains. However, this requires overcoming the beam angular divergence at the source. This has been attempted, either with large-scale conventional setups or with compact plasma techniques that however have the restriction of short (<1 mm) focusing distances or a chromatic behavior. Here, we show that exploiting laser-triggered, long-lasting (>50 ps), thermoelectric multi-megagauss surface magnetic (B)-fields, compact capturing, and focusing of a diverging laser-driven multi-MeV ion beam can be achieved over a wide range of ion energies in the limit of a 5° acceptance angle.
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Fuchs J, Melkus G, Borisjuk L, Jakob P. Tracking metabolite dynamics in plants via indirect 13C chemical shift imaging with an interleaved variable density acquisition weighted sampling pattern. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 28:127-134. [PMID: 24952645 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-014-0453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Developing and evaluating an improved sampling pattern to track the dynamics of labeled substances in plants using indirect (13)C chemical shift imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS An algorithm to split an acquisition weighted sampling pattern into several undersampled sub-images is presented. The sampling patterns are used in CSI moving phantom experiments as well as in in vivo POCE-CSI experiments on barley stem and grain. Reconstruction is performed traditionally or by compressed sensing. RESULTS The moving phantom experiments show that the sampling pattern can reduce motion artifacts at the cost of an increased overall noise. The in vivo experiments demonstrate the feasibility of extracting a time series from a single imaging experiment. CONCLUSION The sampling pattern is suitable for tracking the uptake of label substances into plant material. The use of compressed sensing allows an increased spatial and temporal resolution.
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100
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Rolletschek H, Fuchs J, Friedel S, Börner A, Todt H, Jakob PM, Borisjuk L. A novel noninvasive procedure for high-throughput screening of major seed traits. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 13:188-199. [PMID: 25201084 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The large numbers of samples processed in breeding and biodiversity programmes require the development of efficient methods for the nondestructive evaluation of basic seed properties. Near-infrared spectroscopy is the state-of-the-art solution for this analytical demand, but it also has some limitations. Here, we present a novel, rapid, accurate procedure based on time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR), designed to simultaneously quantify a number of basic seed traits without any seed destruction. Using a low-field, benchtop (1) H-NMR instrument, the procedure gives a high-accuracy measurement of oil content (R(2) = 0.98), carbohydrate content (R(2) = 0.99), water content (R(2) = 0.98) and both fresh and dry weight of seeds/grains (R(2) = 0.99). The method requires a minimum of ~20 mg biomass per sample and thus enables to screen individual, intact seeds. When combined with an automated sample delivery system, a throughput of ~1400 samples per day is achievable. The procedure has been trialled as a proof of concept on cereal grains (collection of ~3000 accessions of Avena spp. curated at the IPK genebank). A mathematical multitrait selection approach has been designed to simplify the selection of outlying (most contrasting) accessions. To provide deeper insights into storage oil topology, some oat accessions were further analysed by three-dimensional seed modelling and lipid imaging. We conclude that the novel TD-NMR-based screening tool opens perspectives for breeding and plant biology in general.
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