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Timmermans MJTN, Thompson MJ, Collins S, Vogler AP. Independent evolution of sexual dimorphism and female-limited mimicry in swallowtail butterflies (Papilio dardanus and Papilio phorcas). Mol Ecol 2017; 26:1273-1284. [PMID: 28100020 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several species of swallowtail butterflies (genus Papilio) are Batesian mimics that express multiple mimetic female forms, while the males are monomorphic and nonmimetic. The evolution of such sex-limited mimicry may involve sexual dimorphism arising first and mimicry subsequently. Such a stepwise scenario through a nonmimetic, sexually dimorphic stage has been proposed for two closely related sexually dimorphic species: Papilio phorcas, a nonmimetic species with two female forms, and Papilio dardanus, a female-limited polymorphic mimetic species. Their close relationship indicates that female-limited polymorphism could be a shared derived character of the two species. Here, we present a phylogenomic analysis of the dardanus group using 3964 nuclear loci and whole mitochondrial genomes, showing that they are not sister species and thus that the sexually dimorphic state has arisen independently in the two species. Nonhomology of the female polymorphism in both species is supported by population genetic analysis of engrailed, the presumed mimicry switch locus in P. dardanus. McDonald-Kreitman tests performed on SNPs in engrailed showed the signature of balancing selection in a polymorphic population of P. dardanus, but not in monomorphic populations, nor in the nonmimetic P. phorcas. Hence, the wing polymorphism does not balance polymorphisms in engrailed in P. phorcas. Equally, unlike in P. dardanus, none of the SNPs in P. phorcas engrailed were associated with either female morph. We conclude that sexual dimorphism due to female polymorphism evolved independently in both species from monomorphic, nonmimetic states. While sexual selection may drive male-female dimorphism in nonmimetic species, in mimetic Papilios, natural selection for protection from predators in females is an alternative route to sexual dimorphism.
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Arani HF, Mirhabibi AR, Collins S, Daroughegi R, Khalife Soltani A, Naghizadeh R, Riahi-Noori N, Aghababazadeh R, Westwood A. Enhancement in graphitization of coal tar pitch by functionalized carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influence of the addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon black (CB) on the graphitization temperature and microstructure of coal tar pitch (CTP) are investigated.
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Balboa I, Silburn S, Drewelow P, Huber V, Huber A, Kinna D, Price M, Matthews GF, Collins S, Fessey J, Rack M, Trimble P, Zastrow KD. Recent developments of in-vessel calibration of mid-IR cameras at JET. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:11D419. [PMID: 27910440 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in software tools and methodology have allowed us to perform a more comprehensive in-vessel calibration for all mid-infrared camera systems at JET. A comparison of experimental methods to calculate the non-uniformity correction is described as well as the linearity for the different camera systems. Measurements of the temperature are assessed for the different diagnostics.
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Huber V, Huber A, Kinna D, Balboa I, Collins S, Conway N, Drewelow P, Maggi CF, Matthews GF, Meigs AG, Mertens P, Price M, Sergienko G, Silburn S, Wynn A, Zastrow KD. In-vessel calibration of the imaging diagnostics for the real-time protection of the JET ITER-like wall. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:11D430. [PMID: 27910322 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The in situ absolute calibration of the JET real-time protection imaging system has been performed for the first time by means of radiometric light source placed inside the JET vessel and operated by remote handling. High accuracy of the calibration is confirmed by cross-validation of the near infrared (NIR) cameras against each other, with thermal IR cameras, and with the beryllium evaporator, which lead to successful protection of the JET first wall during the last campaign. The operation temperature ranges of NIR protection cameras for the materials used on JET are Be 650-1600 °C, W coating 600-1320 °C, and W 650-1500 °C.
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Huber V, Huber A, Kinna D, Balboa I, Collins S, Conway N, Drewelow P, Maggi CF, Matthews GF, Meigs AG, Mertens P, Price M, Sergienko G, Silburn S, Wynn A, Zastrow KD. Publisher's Note: "In-vessel calibration of the imaging diagnostics for the real-time protection of the JET ITER-like wall" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 11D430 (2016)]. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:11F903. [PMID: 27910683 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Watson P, Kingon N, Muston J, Collins S, Sayers N. Children, medical diets and hospital food services: Managing strict diets and patient safety in a process driven environment. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2015.12.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Simmons R, Kall M, Collins S, Cairns G, Taylor S, Nelson M, Fidler S, Porter K, Fox J. A global survey of HIV-positive people's attitudes towards cure research. HIV Med 2016; 18:73-79. [PMID: 27167600 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Involvement of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the design of HIV cure studies is important, given the potential risks to participants. We present results of an international survey of PLHIV to define these issues and inform cure research. METHODS PLHIV were recruited in June-November 2014 through HIV websites, advocacy forums, social media and 12 UK HIV clinics. The survey included questions concerning demographics, HIV disease history, the desirability of types of cure and the patient's willingness to accept potential toxicity and treatment interruption (TI). We examined factors associated with TI and willingness to accept substantial risks. RESULTS A total of 982 PLHIV completed the survey; 87% were male, 79% white and 81% men who have sex with men (MSM). Fifty-one per cent were aged 25-44 years and 69% were UK residents. The median time since diagnosis was 7 years [interquartile range (IQR) 2-17 years]. Eighty-eight per cent were receiving antiretrovirals (91% reported undetectable viral load). Health/wellbeing improvements (96%) and an inability to transmit HIV (90%) were more desirable cure characteristics than testing HIV-negative (69%). Ninety-five per cent were interested in participating in cure studies, and 59% were willing to accept substantial risks. PLHIV with a low CD4 count [201-350 cells/μL vs. ≥ 350 cells/μL; odds ratio (OR) 2.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-4.00] were more likely to accept risks, whereas those with limited knowledge of HIV treatments vs. excellent/good knowledge and those aged ≥ 65 years vs. 45-64 years were less likely to accept risks [OR 0.58 (95% CI 0.37-0.90) and OR 0.18 (95% CI 0.07-0.45), respectively]. TI was acceptable for 62% of participants, with the main concerns being becoming unwell (82%), becoming infectious (76%) and HIV spreading through the body (76%). CONCLUSIONS Cure research was highly acceptable to the PLHIV surveyed. Most individuals would accept risks, including TI, even in the absence of personal benefit. An optimal cure would improve health and minimize onward transmission risk.
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Bhatia N, Sarwal S, Robinson H, Geduld J, Huneault F, Schreiner H, Collins S, Hickey R. Federal public health strategies to minimize the importation of communicable diseases into Canada. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 2015; 41:3-8. [PMID: 29769971 PMCID: PMC5868714 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v41is6a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global spread of communicable diseases is a growing concern largely as a result of increased international travel. In Canada, although most public health management of communicable diseases occurs at the front line, the federal government also takes actions to prevent and mitigate their importation. OBJECTIVE To describe the role of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) in minimizing the importation of communicable diseases through preventive measures taken before travellers leave Canada and through early detection and prompt containment measures taken when travellers arrive in the country with a potential communicable disease. INTERVENTIONS PHAC works to minimize the importation of communicable diseases into Canada by developing evidence-based travel health advice and targeted outreach activities geared to the public and to health care professionals. On the basis of the Quarantine Act and the International Health Regulations (2005), PHAC also conducts inspections of conveyances such as aircraft and boats and works with partners to conduct border screening to assess ill travellers entering the country. CONCLUSION PHAC plays an important role in preventing and minimizing the importation of communicable diseases into Canada in conjunction with clinicians, public health authorities at all levels of government and other federal government departments.
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Collins S, Jorgensen F, Willis C, Walker J. Real-time PCR to supplement gold-standard culture-based detection of Legionella
in environmental samples. J Appl Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Collins S, Watson K, Elston C, Gyi K. 249 Diabetes in cystic fibrosis – education (DICE) – the impact of a structured education programme for the management of cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) on quality of life. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Burgess J, Donovan J, Berry H, Gyi K, Bridges N, Collins S, Bilton D, Simmonds N. 173 Validation of near patient testing blood capillary glucose for the oral glucose tolerance test in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jacklin C, Bosworth A, Collins S. PARE0001 Development of a Training Module for Health Professionals Called “Rheum2Talk”. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Scheinin M, Riebesell U, Rynearson TA, Lohbeck KT, Collins S. Experimental evolution gone wild. J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:20150056. [PMID: 25833241 PMCID: PMC4424681 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their large population sizes and rapid cell division rates, marine microbes have, or can generate, ample variation to fuel evolution over a few weeks or months, and subsequently have the potential to evolve in response to global change. Here we measure evolution in the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi evolved in a natural plankton community in CO2-enriched mesocosms deployed in situ. Mesocosm enclosures are typically used to study how the species composition and biogeochemistry of marine communities respond to environmental shifts, but have not been used for experimental evolution to date. Using this approach, we detect a large evolutionary response to CO2 enrichment in a focal marine diatom, where population growth rate increased by 1.3-fold in high CO2-evolved lineages. This study opens an exciting new possibility of carrying out in situ evolution experiments to understand how marine microbial communities evolve in response to environmental change.
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Geffen N, Aagaard P, Corbelli GM, Meulbroek M, Peavy D, Rappoport C, Schwarze S, Collins S. Community perspective on the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial. HIV Med 2015; 16 Suppl 1:10-3. [PMID: 25711318 PMCID: PMC4341942 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determining when to start antiretroviral treatment (ART) is vitally important for people living with HIV. Yet the optimal point at which to start to maximize clinical benefit remains unknown. In the absence of randomized studies, current guidelines rely on conflicting observational data and expert opinion, and consequently diverge on this point. In the USA, ART is recommended irrespective of CD4 cell count. The World Health Organization now recommends starting ART at a CD4 cell count of 500 cells/μL, while the threshold for the UK and South Africa remains at 350 cells/μL. The Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) study, one of the largest clinical trials on the treatment of HIV infection, will answer this question. START compares two treatment strategies: immediate treatment at a CD4 cell count of 500 cells/μL or higher versus deferring treatment until the CD4 cell count decreases to 350 cells/μL or until AIDS develops. START includes seven substudies, five of which will clarify the relative contributions of HIV and ART in common comorbidities. START is fully enrolled and expected to be completed in 2016. HIV advocates support the study's design and have been involved from inception to enrolment. The trial will produce rigorous data on the benefits and risks of earlier treatment. It will inform policy and treatment advocacy globally, benefitting the health of HIV-positive people.
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Patel MX, Collins S, Hellier J, Bhatia G, Murray RM. The quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics: a systematic review. Psychol Med 2015; 45:467-479. [PMID: 25065545 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714001214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The findings of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study and the Cost Utility of the Latest Antipsychotic Drugs in Schizophrenia Study (CUtLASS) called previous trials of antipsychotics into question, including pre-licensing trials. Concerns regarding methodological robustness and quality of reporting increased. This systematic review aimed to examine the quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics in the aftermath of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies. METHOD Electronic searches were conducted in EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane databases and also ClinicalTrials.gov for antipsychotic trials (published between January 2006 and February 2012). Phase II and III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for iloperidone, asenapine, paliperidone, olanzapine, lurasidone and pomaglumetad methionil were selected for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The reporting of the methodology was evaluated in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. RESULTS Thirty-one articles regarding 32 studies were included. There was insufficient reporting of design in 47% of studies and only 13% explicitly stated a primary hypothesis. Exclusion criteria were poorly reported for diagnosis in 22% of studies. Detail regarding comparators, particularly placebos, was suboptimal for 56% of studies, and permitted concomitant medication was often not reported (19%). Randomization methods were poorly described in 56% of studies and reporting on blinding was insufficient in 84% of studies. Sample size calculations were insufficiently reported in 59% of studies. CONCLUSIONS The quality of reporting of phase II and III trials for new antipsychotics does not reach the standards outlined in the CONSORT guidelines. Authors often fail to adequately report design and methodological processes, potentially impeding the progress of research on antipsychotic efficacy. Both policymakers and clinicians require high quality reporting before decisions are made regarding licensing and prescribing of new antipsychotics.
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Desmoulins L, Chrétien C, Collins S, Fournel A, Grall S, Allard C, Knauf C, Fioramonti X, Penicaud L, Leloup C. O47: Modification précoce de la détection hypothalamique du glucose lors d’un régime gras et sucré : rôle de la dynamique mitotochondriale. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Takahashi M, Valdes G, Inagaki A, Kamijima S, Hiraoka K, Micewicz E, McBride WH, Iwamoto KS, Hermann K, Collins S, Tam Q, Gruber HE, Robbins JM, Jolly DJ, Kasahara N. ET-60 * ENHANCED THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF PRODRUG ACTIVATOR GENE THERAPY WITH A NON-LYTIC RETROVIRAL REPLICATING VECTOR (TOCA 511) COMBINED WITH RADIATION THERAPY IN EXPERIMENTAL GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou255.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Collins S, Logg C, Inagaki A, Kamijima S, Lehouritis P, Searle P, Tangney M, Kasahara N. ET-13 * RETROVIRAL REPLICATING VECTOR (RRV)-MEDIATED PRODRUG ACTIVATOR GENE THERAPY WITH CODON-OPTIMIZED NITROREDUCTASE IN EXPERIMENTAL GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou255.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Riccardo V, Arnoux G, Collins S, Lomas P, Matthews G, Pace N, Thompson V. Operational impact on the JET ITER-like wall in-vessel components. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhao S, Evans J, Daignault-Newton S, Sanda M, Michalski J, Sandler H, Kuban D, Ciezki J, Kaplan I, Zietman A, Feng F, Hembroff L, Suy S, Mantz C, Collins S, Hamstra D. Early Quality of Life (QOL) Declines Correlate With Later QOL After Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy, or Stereotactic Radiation for Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kuziemsky CE, Monkman H, Petersen C, Weber J, Borycki EM, Adams S, Collins S. Big Data in Healthcare - Defining the Digital Persona through User Contexts from the Micro to the Macro. Contribution of the IMIA Organizational and Social Issues WG. Yearb Med Inform 2014; 9:82-9. [PMID: 25123726 DOI: 10.15265/iy-2014-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While big data offers enormous potential for improving healthcare delivery, many of the existing claims concerning big data in healthcare are based on anecdotal reports and theoretical vision papers, rather than scientific evidence based on empirical research. Historically, the implementation of health information technology has resulted in unintended consequences at the individual, organizational and social levels, but these unintended consequences of collecting data have remained unaddressed in the literature on big data. The objective of this paper is to provide insights into big data from the perspective of people, social and organizational considerations. METHOD We draw upon the concept of persona to define the digital persona as the intersection of data, tasks and context for different user groups. We then describe how the digital persona can serve as a framework to understanding sociotechnical considerations of big data implementation. We then discuss the digital persona in the context of micro, meso and macro user groups across the 3 Vs of big data. RESULTS We provide insights into the potential benefits and challenges of applying big data approaches to healthcare as well as how to position these approaches to achieve health system objectives such as patient safety or patient-engaged care delivery. We also provide a framework for defining the digital persona at a micro, meso and macro level to help understand the user contexts of big data solutions. CONCLUSION While big data provides great potential for improving healthcare delivery, it is essential that we consider the individual, social and organizational contexts of data use when implementing big data solutions.
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Cunnick JM, Kim S, Hadsell J, Collins S, Cerra C, Reiser P, Flynn DC, Cho Y. Actin filament-associated protein 1 is required for cSrc activity and secretory activation in the lactating mammary gland. Oncogene 2014; 34:2640-9. [PMID: 25043309 PMCID: PMC4302073 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Actin filament-associated protein 1 (AFAP1) is an adaptor protein of cSrc that binds to filamentous actin and regulates the activity of this tyrosine kinase to affect changes to the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. In breast and prostate cancer cells, AFAP1 has been shown to regulate cellular responses requiring actin cytoskeletal changes such as adhesion, invadopodia formation and invasion. However, a normal physiologic role for AFAP1 has remained elusive. In this study, we generated an AFAP1 knockout mouse model that establishes a novel physiologic role for AFAP1 in lactation. Specifically, these animals displayed a defect in lactation that resulted in an inability to nurse efficiently. Histologically, the mammary glands of the lactating knockout mice were distinguished by the accumulation of large cytoplasmic lipid droplets in the alveolar epithelial cells. There was a reduction in lipid synthesis and the expression of lipogenic genes without a corresponding reduction in the production of β-casein, a milk protein. Furthermore, these defects were associated with histologic and biochemical signs of precocious involution. This study also demonstrated that AFAP1 responds to prolactin, a lactogenic hormone, by forming a complex with cSrc and becoming tyrosine phosphorylated. Taken together, these observations pointed to a defect in secretory activation. Certain characteristics of this phenotype mirrored the defect in secretory activation in the cSrc knockout mouse, but most importantly, the activity of cSrc in the mammary gland was reduced during early lactation in the AFAP1-null mouse and the localization of active cSrc at the apical surface of luminal epithelial cells during lactation was selectively lost in the absence of AFAP1. These data define, for the first time, the requirement of AFAP1 for the spatial and temporal regulation of cSrc activity in the normal breast, specifically for milk production.
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Pe'er G, Dicks LV, Visconti P, Arlettaz R, Báldi A, Benton TG, Collins S, Dieterich M, Gregory RD, Hartig F, Henle K, Hobson PR, Kleijn D, Neumann RK, Robijns T, Schmidt J, Shwartz A, Sutherland WJ, Turbé A, Wulf F, Scott AV. EU agricultural reform fails on biodiversity. Science 2014; 344:1090-2. [PMID: 24904142 DOI: 10.1126/science.1253425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mundboth K, Sutter J, Laundy D, Collins S, Stoupin S, Shvyd'ko Y. Tests and characterization of a laterally graded multilayer Montel mirror. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:16-23. [PMID: 24365912 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577513024077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multilayers are becoming an increasingly important tool in X-ray optics. The essential parameters to design a pair of laterally graded multilayer mirrors arranged in a Montel-type configuration for use as an X-ray collimating device are provided. The results of X-ray reflectometry tests carried out on the optics in addition to metrology characterization are also shown. Finally, using experimental data and combined with X-ray tracing simulations it is demonstrated that the mirror meets all stringent specifications as required for a novel ultra-high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering spectrometer at the Advanced Photon Source.
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Collins S, Matthews G, Thomas J, Hermon G. Factors affecting remote handling productivity during installation of the ITER-like wall at JET. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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