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Farrell PJ, Hunt T, Jackson RJ. Analysis of phosphorylation of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Eur J Biochem 1978; 89:517-21. [PMID: 710407 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe a method for examining the state of phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF-2 in reticulocyte lysates. The procedure involves incubation of the lysate with iodo[1-14C]acetate in 8.5 M urea, and fractionation of the labelled proteins by two-dimensional acrylamide gel electrophoresis. This approach has been used to show that haem deficiency, double-stranded RNA, and oxidised glutathione, which all inhibit the initiation of protein synthesis in an analogous manner, all cause a net increase in the level of phosphorylated eIF-2 in the complete lysate protein synthesis system.
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Pelham HR, Sykes JM, Hunt T. Characteristics of a coupled cell-free transcription and translation system directed by vaccinia cores. Eur J Biochem 1978; 82:199-209. [PMID: 620672 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
1. A coupled transcription and translation system is described in which protein synthesis is directed by mRNA synthesised in situ by vaccinia virus cores. The cell-free system is based on a micrococcal-nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysate. 2. The polypeptides made in vitro include many authentic early vaccinia proteins, but also other proteins which were not detected in infected cells. 3. Concentrations of cores which inhibit host cell protein synthesis in vivo caused a delayed inhibition of translation in vitro; this was partly, but not entirely, due to dsRNA associated with the cores. 4. The mRNA made was methylated by core enzymes. Inhibition of methylation reduced the rate of translation tenfold; unmethylated RNA bound ribosomes poorly, but was nevertheless translated faithfully.
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Hunter AR, Jackson RJ, Hunt T. The role of complexes between the 40-S ribosomal subunit and Met-tRNA-Met-f in the initiation of protein synthesis in the wheat-germ system. Eur J Biochem 1977; 75:159-70. [PMID: 862616 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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204
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205
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Abstract
When rabbit reticulocyte lysates are incubated in the absence of hemin or in the presence of low concentrations of double-stranded RNA, the rate of initiation of protein synthesis is severely reduced after a lag period in which control rates are observed. This reduced initiation rate is due to inhibition of the binding of Methionyl-tRNAf to native 40S ribosomal subunits and is caused by a macromolecular inhibitor which is activated under these conditions. This paper shows that the inhibitors activated in these two situations appear to be different entities, but that in both cases, the inhibitor has an associated protein kinase activity which is highly selective for the small subunit of elF-2, the initiation factor which catalyzes binding of Methionyl-tRNAf to 40S subunits. We present several lines of evidence in support of the hypothesis that the phosphorylation of elF-2 by these kinases is basis of the control of initiation in lysates incubated under these conditions.
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206
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Lindenbaum BL, Hunt T. An unusual presentation of pigmented villonodular synovitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1977:263-7. [PMID: 837615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A case of multiple joint and tendon involvement by PVS seems not to have been preciously reported. In a 7-year-old girl there were other organ system problems usually not seen with PVS, and the entire complex may represent a more generalized disease process. The diffuse form of the disease was refractory to multiple attempts at surgical excision. The similarities between PVS and synovial hemangioma suggest that it is important to establish the diagnosis after the first operation.
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Abstract
TMV RNA is not an efficient template for translation of the viral coat protein, in spite of containing nucleotide sequences coding for the protein. Efficient translation requires the prior synthesis within infected cells of a smaller RNA carrying only a portion of the information encoded in the whole genome.
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Balkow K, Hunt T, Jackson RJ. Control of protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysates: the effect of nucleotide triphosphates on formation of the translational repressor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1975; 67:366-75. [PMID: 1201028 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(75)90325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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210
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Hunter T, Hunt T, Jackson RJ, Robertson HD. The characteristics of inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded ribonucleic acid in reticulocyte lysates. J Biol Chem 1975; 250:409-17. [PMID: 803491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
All types of double-stranded RNA (DSRNA) tested inhibit protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. The inhibition is characterized by its strongly biphasic kinetics, and can be enhanced by preincubation of the lysate with dsRNA in the absence of protein synthesis. Only properly and extensively matched dsRNA (greater than about 50 base pairs) has this property; no form of DNA, single-stranded RNA or even RNA-DNA hybrids act as inhibitors in this way. The cause of the inhibition appears to be a failure of initiator tRNA to associate with native ribosomal subunits in the initiation process (Darnbrough, C., Hunt, T., and Jackson, R. J. (1973) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 48, 1556-1564). We have shown that this block is not accompanied by stable association of dsRNA with the ribosomes. There are several reasons to believe that the mechanism of action of dsRNA may be complex with the possible involvement of at least one catalytic step. First, the lysate is inhibited by levels of dsRNA at which ribosomes are present in 100-fold excess over base pairs of dsRNA present. Second, high concentrations of dsRNA (greater than 10 mug per ml) are not inhibitory, but can in some, but not all experiments, reverse the inhibition caused by lower levels of dsRNA. Third, a lysate which has been inhibited by dsRNA, when mixed with a fresh lysate will inhibit synthesis in the mixture much more severely than would be expected from the concentration of dsRNA now present. These results indicate that low levels of dsRNA promote the formation of an inhibitor which may exist in two forms: one that is reversible by high levels of dsRNA and one that is irreversible.
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211
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Hunter T, Hunt T, Jackson RJ, Robertson HD. The characteristics of inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded ribonucleic acid in reticulocyte lysates. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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212
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213
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Hunt T. Colonic irrigation. Nurs Mirror Midwives J 1974; 139:76-7. [PMID: 4495672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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214
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Legon S, Brayley A, Hunt T, Jackson RJ. The effect of cyclic AMP and related compounds on the control of protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 56:745-52. [PMID: 4363751 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90668-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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215
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Darnbrough C, Legon S, Hunt T, Jackson RJ. Initiation of protein synthesis: evidence for messenger RNA-independent binding of methionyl-transfer RNA to the 40 S ribosomal subunit. J Mol Biol 1973; 76:379-403. [PMID: 4732074 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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217
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Darnbrough C, Hunt T, Jackson RJ. A complex between met-tRNA F and native 40S subunits in reticulocyte lysates and its disappearance during incubation with double-stranded RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 48:1556-64. [PMID: 5077836 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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221
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Hunt T. Examination Fees for Diplomas. West J Med 1972. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5822.353-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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222
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223
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Kosower NS, Vanderhoff GA, Benerofe B, Hunt T, Kosower EM. Inhibition of protein synthesis by glutathione disulfide in the presence of glutathione. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 45:816-21. [PMID: 5128185 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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224
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Abstract
Infection of HeLa cells with poliovirus results in an inhibition of host-cell protein synthesis. Cytoplasmic extracts from infected cells contian an activity that inhibits initiation of protein synthesis in vitro by rabbit reticulocyte lysates. This inhibitory activity has been purified and characterized, and is shown to reside in poliovirus double-stranded RNA. The intact double-stranded molecule is not essential for inhibitory activity.
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Hunt T. Cholagogues and choleretics. Practitioner 1971; 206:51-5. [PMID: 5540194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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227
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Zehavi-Willner T, Kosower EM, Hunt T, Kosower NS. Glutathione. V. The effects of the thiol-oxidizing agent diamide on initiation and translation in rabbit reticulocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1971; 228:245-51. [PMID: 5546565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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228
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Hunt T. Aerophagy and flatulence. Practitioner 1970; 205:787-8. [PMID: 5493715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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229
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230
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231
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Hunt T. Some aspects of the medical management of peptic ulceration. S Afr Med J 1969; 43:1443-6. [PMID: 4903743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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232
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Hunt T. Diverticular disease of the colon. Practitioner 1969; 203:599-605. [PMID: 5367081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hunt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge
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Hunt T. Ulcerative colitis. Nurs Mirror Midwives J 1969; 128:29-31 concl. [PMID: 5192038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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236
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Marr G, Hunt T. Unsymmetrically disubstituted ferrocenes. Part VIII. Synthesis and reactivity of some 2-substituted ferrocenylphosphines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1969. [DOI: 10.1039/j39690001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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237
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238
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Hunt T. Landmarks in medical progress: 1868-1968. Practitioner 1968; 201:29-34. [PMID: 4873116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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239
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Craig O, Hunt T, Kimerling JJ, Parke DV. Carbenoxolone in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. Practitioner 1967; 199:109-11. [PMID: 5343152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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240
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Hunt T. Basic Gastro-Enterology. West J Med 1966. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5478.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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241
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Hunt T, Morson BC, Lockhart-Mummery HE, Young AC. Crohn's disease. Trans Med Soc Lond 1965; 81:87-96. [PMID: 5825329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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242
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243
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244
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Hunt T. Breeding of Cryptotis parva in Texas. J Mammal 1951. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/32.1.115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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245
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Bateman GH, Hobhouse N, Beaumont GE, Hunt T, Brinton D, McElligott GLM, Brooks WDW, Neligan GE, Broster LR, Ogilvie WH, Brown LG, Pearson RSB, Campbell M, Pearson WJ, Conybeare JJ, Peel JH, Crook EA, Porritt AE, Doyne PG, Shaw M, East T, Strauss EB, Flemming C, Symonds CP, Formby ML, Tidy H, Howell CMH, de Wesselow OLV. An Undergraduate Medical School at Oxford. West J Med 1945. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.4401.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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246
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Hunt T. Splenomegaly:? Nature. Proc R Soc Med 1938; 32:77. [PMID: 19991717 PMCID: PMC1997354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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247
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Box CR, Broadbent JFH, Willcox WH, Lakin CE, Bryan CWG, Neilson DFA, Hunt T, Smith KS. The London Fever Hospital. West J Med 1937. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.3995.246-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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248
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Hunt T. Carcinoma of the Stomach. West J Med 1936; 1:650-2. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.3925.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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249
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Hunt T. Persistent Œdema with Cyanosis. ? Nature. Proc R Soc Med 1936; 29:522. [PMID: 19990658 PMCID: PMC2076104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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250
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Hunt T. Persistent Œdema with Cyanosis. ? Nature. Proc R Soc Med 1936; 29:522. [PMID: 20915055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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