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Kari G, Zengin A, Daroczi B, Ryan A, Rodeck U, Dicker A. 107 POSTER Modulatin of the radiation response of zebrafish embryos by targeting the VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase using ZD6474. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kari G, Zengin A, Ryan A, Rodeck U, Dicker A. 2707. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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128
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Ryan A, Wilson S, Greenfield S, Clifford S, McManus RJ, Pattison HM. Range of self-tests available to buy in the United Kingdom: an Internet survey. J Public Health (Oxf) 2006; 28:370-4. [PMID: 17052990 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdl051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to describe the availability in the United Kingdom of self-tests that are used to diagnose or screen for conditions without involving a health professional. A systematic Internet search identified 104 unique self-tests related to 24 named conditions including cancers, chronic conditions and infections. These self-tests require various samples including blood obtained using a lancet. The samples are processed at home with results available in minutes or sent to a laboratory for processing with results returned to the individual by e-mail or post. Prices per self-test and condition range from < Pounds 1 to Pounds 76. Self-tests are readily available, and further work is needed to assess their impact.
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Malone A, Boylan G, Ryan A, Connolly S. FC21.3 Ability of medical personnel to accurately differentiate neonatal seizures from non-seizure movements. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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130
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Boylan G, Murray D, Greene B, Ryan A, McNamara B, Connolly S. TP4.3 What is neonatal status epilepticus? Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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131
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Borek E, Ryan A. THE TRANSFER OF IRRADIATION-ELICITED INDUCTION IN A LYSOGENIC ORGANISM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 44:374-7. [PMID: 16590209 PMCID: PMC335433 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.44.5.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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132
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Wasserman S, Ebmeyer J, Pak K, Ryan A. The Role of MyD88 and TNF-α in the Inflammatory Response in the Middle Ear. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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133
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Ryan A, Molloy FM, Farrell MA, Hutchinson M. Fatal toxic leukoencephalopathy: clinical, radiological, and necropsy findings in two patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005; 76:1014-6. [PMID: 15965216 PMCID: PMC1739717 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.047134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxic leukoencephalopathy has been described with inhalation and intravenous consumption of heroin and cocaine. The clinical picture varies widely but the imaging and histological features are characteristic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically reveals diffuse bihemispheric white matter lesions. Histologically there is extensive spongiform degeneration of the cerebral white matter. OBJECTIVE To report two cases of fatal toxin associated leukoencephalopathy, along with detailed imaging and neuropathological studies. RESULTS MRI revealed diffuse white matter changes. Histologically there was widespread confluent vacuolar degeneration of the deep white matter. In both cases, there was sparing of the brain stem and cerebellar white matter. There was evidence of severe and extensive axonal injury. CONCLUSIONS This pattern of radiological involvement and histological findings has not previously been reported and may reflect the presence of a yet unidentified impurity.
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Shibuya K, Komaki R, Wu W, Shintani T, Itasaka S, Isobe T, Ryan A, Herbst R, O’Reilly M. Targeted therapy against VEGFR and EGFR signaling with ZD6474 enhances the therapeutic efficacy of irradiation in an orthotopic mouse model of human non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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135
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Goodlad R, Ryan A, Watson J, Wedge S, Pyrah I, Mandir N, Wilkinson R. 160 Antitumor therapy with VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD6474 in a mouse model of intestinal cancer. EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)80168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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136
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Macdonald ND, Salvesen HB, Ryan A, Malatos S, Stefansson I, Iversen OE, Akslen LA, Das S, Jacobs IJ. Molecular differences between RER+ and RER- sporadic endometrial carcinomas in a large population-based series. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004; 14:957-65. [PMID: 15361209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.014535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies, to date, have suggested that there are distinct molecular differences between microsatellite stable (RER(-)) and unstable (RER(+)) solid tumors, such as colorectal carcinoma. We investigated a range of molecular events including mutation frequency of K-ras, microsatellite instability within the coding region of TGF-beta RII, BAX, and IGF-IIR, loss of expression of p53, hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, and PTEN, and methylation of hMLH1, hMSH2, and PTEN within a large population-based series of sporadic endometrial carcinomas to establish whether there are distinct differences between replication error repair (RER(+)) and RER(-) cases. RER(+) endometrial carcinomas tended to be diploid with normal p53 expression, compared with RER(-) cases. Mutations in TGF-beta RII, IGF-IIR, and BAX were rare, but there was a strong association between mutation and RER(+) status. Methylation and loss of hMLH1 expression were significantly more common in RER(+) cases, as was methylation of PTEN. K-ras mutations were equally frequent in RER(+) and RER(-) cases. Despite the absence of distinct clinicopathological differences between RER(+) and RER(-) cases in this series of sporadic endometrial carcinomas, our results confirm that there are molecular differences between RER(+) and RER(-) cases, but the molecular events occurring in RER(+) endometrial carcinomas differ from those seen in RER(+) colorectal carcinomas.
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Pagnozzi MJ, Dunstan R, Ryan A, Payette M, Tate B. P2-005 Gamma secretase inhibitor-induced coat color changes in a novel animal model, the degu (Octodon degus). Neurobiol Aging 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(04)80753-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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138
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McCarty MF, Takeda A, Stoeltzing O, Liu W, Fan F, Reinmuth N, Akagi M, Bucana C, Mansfield PF, Ryan A, Ellis LM. ZD6126 inhibits orthotopic growth and peritoneal carcinomatosis in a mouse model of human gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:705-11. [PMID: 14760388 PMCID: PMC2410155 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ZD6126, a novel vascular-targeting agent, on tumour growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic model of gastric cancer. TMK-1 human gastric adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the gastric wall of nude mice. After the tumours were established (day 14), therapy was initiated. Mice (n=11-12/group) received (a). vehicle, (b). ZD6126 at 100 mg x kg day(-1) i.p. one time per week or (c) ZD6126 at 100 mg x kg day(-1) i.p. five times per week. Tumour mass, volume and the presence or absence of peritoneal carcinomatosis were determined at sacrifice on day 38. Tumours from each group were stained for markers of blood vessels, proliferation and apoptosis. To further define the time frame of the vascular-targeting effects of chronic therapy with ZD6126, TMK-1 cells were again injected into the gastric wall of mice in a second experiment. On day 14, a single i.p. injection of ZD6126 100 mg x kg(-1) mouse(-1) or vehicle was delivered. Groups of three mice each were killed and the tumours harvested at days 1, 3 and 5 post-ZD6126 injection. Tumours were processed and stained for endothelial and tumour cell apoptosis and proliferation. No overt toxicity was observed with ZD6126 therapy. ZD6126 led to a marked inhibition of tumour growth (82% decrease vs control (P<0.001)). ZD6126 also led to a significant decrease in the incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis (10 out of 12 controls, vs one out of 12 ZD6126) (P<0.01). Histological analysis of tumours revealed large regions of central necrosis in the treated group, as well as a dramatic increase in tumour cell apoptosis (7.4-fold increase (P<0.001)), consistent with the vascular-targeting activity of ZD6126. Mice treated with ZD6126 demonstrated a 59% decrease in PCNA-positive cells (P< 0.02), indicating reduced tumour cell proliferation. In addition, tumours treated with ZD6126 exhibited a 40% decrease in microvessel density (P<0.05). Results from mice treated with a single injection of ZD6126 demonstrated the acute effects this agent has on the tumour vasculature. The ratio of endothelial cell apoptosis to endothelial cell proliferation was increased within 24 h of a single injection. In conclusion, ZD6126 significantly inhibited tumour growth and metastasis in an orthotopic model of human gastric adenocarcinoma, without detectable problematic adverse effects. These data suggest that ZD6126 may be worthy of investigation in the treatment of primary gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Cernik RJ, Barnes P, Bushnell-Wye G, Dent AJ, Diakun GP, Flaherty JV, Greaves GN, Heeley EL, Helsby W, Jacques SDM, Kay J, Rayment T, Ryan A, Tang CC, Terrill NJ. The new materials processing beamline at the SRS Daresbury, MPW6.2. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2004; 11:163-170. [PMID: 14960781 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049503027870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2003] [Accepted: 12/03/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new beamline (MPW6.2) has been designed and built for the study of materials during processing where three synchrotron techniques, SAXS, WAXS and XAS, are available simultaneously. It has been demonstrated that Rietveld refinable data can be collected from silicon SRM 640b over a 60 degrees range in a time scale of 1 s. The data have been refined to a chi(2) of 2.4, the peaks fitting best to a Pearson VII function or with fundamental parameters. The peak halfwidths have been found to be approximately constant at 0.06 degrees over a 120 degrees angular range indicating that the instrumental resolution function has matched its design specification. A quantitative comparison of data sets collected on the same isotactic polypropylene system on MPW6.2 and DUBBLE at the ESRF shows a 17% improvement in angular resolution and a 1.8 improvement in peak-to-background ratio with the RAPID2 system; the ESRF data vary more smoothly across detector channels. The time-dependent wide-angle XRD was tested by comparing a hydration reaction of gypsum-bassanite-anhydrite with energy-dispersive data collected on the same system on the same time scale. Three sample data sets from the reaction were selected for analysis and gave an average chi(2) of 3.8. The Rietveld-refined lattice parameters are a good match with published values and the corresponding errors show a mean value of 3.3 x 10(-4). The data have also been analysed by the Pawley decomposition phase-modelling technique demonstrating the ability of the station to quickly and accurately identify new phases. The combined SAXS/WAXS capability of the station was tested with the crystallization and spinodal decomposition of a very dilute polymer system. Our measurements show that the crystallization of a high-density co-polymer (E76B38) as low as 0.5% by weight can be observed in solution in hexane. The WAXS and SAXS data sets were collected on the same time scale. The SAXS detector was calibrated using a collagen sample that gave 30 orders of diffraction in 1 s of data collection. The combined XRD and XAS measurement capability of the station was tested by observing the collapse and re-crystallization of zinc-exchanged zeolite A (zeolite Zn/Na-A). Previous studies of this material on station 9.3 at the SRS were compared with those from the new station. A time improvement of 38 was observed with better quality counting statistics. The improved angular resolution from the WAXS detector enabled new peaks to be identified.
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Macdonald ND, Salvesen HB, Ryan A, Malatos S, Stefansson I, Iversen OE, Akslen LA, Das S, Jacobs IJ. Molecular differences between RER + and RER – sporadic endometrial carcinomas in a large population-based series. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200409000-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies, to date, have suggested that there are distinct molecular differences between microsatellite stable (RER–) and unstable (RER+) solid tumors, such as colorectal carcinoma. We investigated a range of molecular events including mutation frequency of K-ras, microsatellite instability within the coding region of TGF-βRII, BAX, and IGF-IIR, loss of expression of p53, hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, and PTEN, and methylation of hMLH1, hMSH2, and PTEN within a large population-based series of sporadic endometrial carcinomas to establish whether there are distinct differences between replication error repair (RER+) and RER– cases. RER+ endometrial carcinomas tended to be diploid with normal p53 expression, compared with RER– cases. Mutations in TGF-βRII, IGF-IIR, and BAX were rare, but there was a strong association between mutation and RER+ status. Methylation and loss of hMLH1 expression were significantly more common in RER+ cases, as was methylation of PTEN. K-ras mutations were equally frequent in RER+ and RER– cases. Despite the absence of distinct clinicopathological differences between RER+ and RER– cases in this series of sporadic endometrial carcinomas, our results confirm that there are molecular differences between RER+ and RER– cases, but the molecular events occurring in RER+ endometrial carcinomas differ from those seen in RER+ colorectal carcinomas.
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142
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Rosenthal AN, Hopster D, Ryan A, Jacobs IJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 in vulval intraepithelial neoplasia and vulval squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:251-6. [PMID: 12610510 PMCID: PMC2377040 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is thought to cause some vulval squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC) by degrading p53 product. Evidence on whether HPV-negative VSCC results from p53 mutation is conflicting. We performed immunohistochemistry for p53 product on 52 cases of lone vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), 21 cases of VIN with concurrent VSCC and 67 cases of VSCC. We had previously performed HPV detection and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses on these samples. Abnormal p53 immunoreactivity (p53-positive) rates in HPV-positive VSCC and HPV-negative VSCC were 22% (12/54) and 31% (4/13), respectively (P<0.74). p53 immunoreactivity was associated with LOH at the p53 locus (P<0.004), but neither technique differentiated between HPV-positive and HPV-negative VSCC. p53 immunoreactivity was associated with overall LOH rates (p53-positive VSCC vs p53-negative VSCC mean fractional regional allelic loss 0.41 vs 0.24, respectively, P<0.027). LOH at 3p25 was more frequent in p53-positive VSCC cf p53-negative VSCC (70 vs 21%, respectively, P<0.007). There was a trend in p53 disruption associated with invasive disease; HPV-positive VSCC demonstrated more disruption than VIN associated with VSCC, which had more disruption than lone VIN III (22 vs 10 vs 0%, respectively, P<0.005). In all, three out of 73 cases of VIN were p53-positive. All three were associated with concurrent or previous VSCC. Meta-analysis of previous studies revealed significantly more p53 disruption in HPV-negative VSCC cf HPV-positive VSCC (58 vs 33%, respectively; P<0.0001). p53 immunoreactivity/mutation in VIN only appeared in association with VSCC. These data suggest that HPV-independent vulval carcinogenesis does not exclusively require disruption of p53, p53 disruption may work synergistically with LOH at specific loci and p53-positive VIN should be checked carefully for the presence of occult invasion.
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143
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Shaw PA, McLaughlin JR, Zweemer RP, Narod SA, Risch H, Verheijen RHM, Ryan A, Menko FH, Kenemans P, Jacobs IJ. Histopathologic features of genetically determined ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2002; 21:407-11. [PMID: 12352190 DOI: 10.1097/00004347-200210000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inheritance of germline mutations of BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes account for approximately 10% of ovarian carcinomas, but the characterization of these genetically determined cancers is incomplete. The objective of our study was to characterize the histologic features of ovarian carcinomas associated with germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2. Thirty-two ovarian carcinomas associated with germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations and 40 ovarian carcinomas from patients screened as negative for germline mutations were obtained from three centers. A gynecologic pathologist, blinded to mutation status, reviewed each case, with documentation of the histologic type, Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) grade, architectural and nuclear grade, Silverberg grade, and mitotic activity. All BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-associated cases were invasive serous carcinomas, and of these 50% were GOG grade 3, 41% had an architectural grade of 3 (predominant solid architecture), 84% a nuclear grade of 3, 72% a mitotic score of 3 (>25 mitoses per 10 HPF), and 75% a Silverberg grade of 3. The differences in histologic type (p = 0.001) and Silverberg grade (p = 0.002) between these tumors and the control group were statistically significant and remained so when comparisons between BRCA carriers and noncarriers were restricted to carcinomas of serous histology alone. Ovarian carcinomas associated with germline mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 are, in this study, invasive serous carcinomas, with a statistically significant higher histologic grade than ovarian carcinomas without BRCA mutations when using the recently proposed Silverberg grading system.
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Abstract
Chronic symptoms following lateral ankle sprain occasionally requires surgical intervention. Many options are available including thermal assisted capsular modification. The authors review the history of thermal modification of tissues, the indication for use in the ankle and report their experience with a consecutive case series over a one year period.
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145
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Van Trappen PO, Ryan A, Carroll M, Lecoeur C, Goff L, Gyselman VG, Young BD, Lowe DG, Pepper MS, Shepherd JH, Jacobs IJ. A model for co-expression pattern analysis of genes implicated in angiogenesis and tumour cell invasion in cervical cancer. Br J Cancer 2002; 87:537-44. [PMID: 12189553 PMCID: PMC2376148 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2001] [Revised: 05/15/2002] [Accepted: 05/23/2002] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, numerous genes have been identified which are involved in both tumour neovascularisation (angiogenesis) and tumour cell invasion, and most of them are also expressed to some extent under normal physiological conditions. However, little is known about how these genes co-express in these settings. This study was undertaken to quantitate mRNA levels in normal and malignant cervical tissues of nine selected genes (VEGF(121), VEGF(165), VEGF(189), VEGF-C, eIF-4E, b-FGF, TSP-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9) implicated in the above processes using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. In addition, the Spearman's rank correlation was used to determine their co-expression patterns. The transcript levels for the different VEGF-A splice variants (VEGF(121), VEGF(165), VEGF(189)) were at least 10-fold higher in the cancer cases, with the highest levels in the primary tumours demonstrating lympho-vascular space involvement. The lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-C and MMP-9 were upregulated 130- and 80-fold respectively in cervical cancers. The highest levels of VEGF-C mRNA were found in the lymph-node positive group. The transcript levels for b-FGF were similar in normal cervical tissue and early-stage cervical cancer, however, higher levels were found in the cervical cancers with advanced stage disease. Comparing gene transcript levels between recurrent and non-recurrent cervical cancer patients revealed significant differences (P=0.038) in transcript levels for the angiogenesis inhibitor TSP-2, with the highest levels in non-recurrent cases. Co-expression pattern analysis in normal cervical tissue revealed highly significant co-expressions (P<0.0001) between TSP-2 and most other genes analysed (VEGF(121), VEGF(165), VEGF-C, b-FGF and MMP-2). In cervical cancer, TSP-2 appears only to be highly co-expressed with MMP-2 (P<0.0001). In contrast to normal cervical tissue, we found a highly significant co-expression (P<0.0001) between MMP-9 and VEGF(189) in cervical cancer. The combined application of real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Spearman's rank correlation identifies gene transcripts which are simultaneously co-expressed. Our results revealed a significant co-expression between the angiogenesis inhibitor TSP-2 and most other genes analysed in normal cervical tissue. In cervical cancer, we found a strong upregulation of VEGF-C and MMP-9 mRNA, with a highly significant co-expression between MMP-9 and VEGF(189).
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MESH Headings
- Cervix Uteri/metabolism
- Endothelial Growth Factors/biosynthesis
- Endothelial Growth Factors/genetics
- Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E
- Female
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/biosynthesis
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphokines/biosynthesis
- Lymphokines/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Models, Genetic
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Peptide Initiation Factors/biosynthesis
- Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Cernik R, Bushnell-Wye G, Tang C, Dent A, Terril N, Diakun G, Barnes P, Greaves GN, Rayment T, Ryan A. A new facility for the study of materials processing on the SRS, Daresbury. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302087718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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147
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Kelly MA, Cahill RA, Foley S, Kirwan WO, Redmond HP, Ryan A. Early ventilatory and inotropic requirements may be risk factors for necrotising enterocolitis. Ir J Med Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03170391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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148
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Rosenthal AN, Ryan A, Hopster D, Surentheran T, Jacobs IJ. High frequency of loss of heterozygosity in vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is associated with invasive vulval squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). Int J Cancer 2001; 94:896-900. [PMID: 11745496 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is thought to be the premalignant phase of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated vulval squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). Various molecular events have been suggested as markers for progression from VIN to VSCC, but loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in vulval neoplasia has rarely been studied in this context. We performed LOH analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of polymorphic microsatellite markers at 6 chromosomal loci (17p13-p53, 9p21-p16, 3p25, 4q21, 5p14 and 11p15). The presence of HPV was assessed using consensus PCR primers and DNA sequencing. To examine any association between LOH and the presence of invasive disease, we analyzed 43 cases of lone VIN III, 42 cases of lone VSCC and 21 cases of VIN with concurrent VSCC. HPV DNA was detected in 95% of lone VIN III samples and 71% of lone VSCC samples. Fractional regional allelic loss (FRL) in VIN associated with VSCC was higher than in lone VIN (mean FRL 0.43 vs. 0.21, p < 0.005). LOH at 3p25 occurred significantly more frequently in HPV-negative VSCC than in HPV-positive VSCC (58% vs. 22%, p < 0.04). These data suggest that genetic instability in VIN, reflected by LOH, may increase the risk of invasion. In addition, molecular events differ in HPV-positive and -negative VSCC and 3p25 may be the site of a tumor suppressor gene involved in HPV-independent vulval carcinogenesis.
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149
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150
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Selim AG, Ryan A, El-Ayat GA, Wells CA. Loss of heterozygosity and allelic imbalance in apocrine adenosis of the breast. CANCER DETECTION AND PREVENTION 2001; 25:262-7. [PMID: 11425268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there have been studies suggesting that apocrine adenosis of the breast is a putative precancerous lesion, despite the generally held view that apocrine adenosis is benign. Because apocrine adenosis is almost always present as a small area or areas, it cannot be easily studied by conventional methods. In this study, areas of apocrine adenosis were microdissected from archival paraffin-embedded tissue to examine loss of heterozygosity and allelic imbalance compared with normal breast tissue epithelium from the same patients. Seventeen cases of apocrine adenosis, four associated with carcinoma, were analyzed using polymorphic microsatellite markers and polymerase chain reaction for loss of heterozygosity/allelic imbalance at eight loci that were reported to show allele loss or imbalance in invasive and in situ breast cancer. Loss of heterozygosity/allelic imbalance was detected in six of 17 cases of apocrine adenosis; three of 12 (25%) informative cases at 1p (MYCL1), two of seven (28.6%) at 11q (INT2), one of three (33.3%) at 13q (D13S267), two of 12 (16.7%) at 16q (D16S539), and two of 10 (20%) at 17q (D17S250). Neither loss of heterozygosity nor allelic imbalance has been identified at 1p (D1S252), 17p (TP53), or 17p (D17S513). In two of the four cases associated with carcinoma, loss of heterozygosity/allelic imbalance was seen in the same allele as in the synchronous carcinoma. These results suggest that molecular alterations, such as loss of heterozygosity and allelic imbalance, identified in apocrine adenosis may constitute an early event in the pathogenesis of breast cancer; reinforcing the possibility of apocrine adenosis being a putative precancerous lesion.
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